Application Of Probiotic Bacteria Research Articles

The Application of Probiotic Bacteria from Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa × Duch.) in the Fermentation of Strawberry Tree Fruit (Arbutus unedo L.) Extract.

The search for unexplored plant resources that would provide a good basis for the development of novel probiotic functional foods is rapidly increasing. In this context, the strawberry tree fruit (Arbutus unedo L.) is particularly interesting, as it is rich in numerous antioxidant bioactive compounds that have been shown to be beneficial to health, but have not yet found industrial applications. In this work, the probiotic characterization of lactic acid bacteria strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DB2, isolated from strawberries (Fragaria ananassa × Duch.), was performed. The tested strain proved to be safe to use, displaying no antibiotic resistance or hemolytic activity. Due to its proven probiotic potential during simulated gastrointestinal transit, its antimicrobial activity, and its coaggregation with pathogens, it was selected for fermentation of an aqueous Arbutus unedo L. extract, which was subsequently microencapsulated and freeze-dried to extend its shelf life and preserve its functional properties. The antioxidant activity of the ferment obtained was maintained (80%), while after microencapsulation and freeze-drying, about 50% and 20% of the antioxidant activity was retained, respectively. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the application of probiotics isolated from strawberries in the fermentation of strawberry tree extract and monitors the antioxidant activity during post-fermentation formulation, paving the way for a potential industrial application of this underutilized plant.

Application of Canine-Derived Enterococcus faecium DSM 32820 in Dogs with Acute Idiopathic Diarrhoea

Abstract Modulation of the intestinal microbiota through the application of probiotic bacteria is currently one possible way to improve gastrointestinal health in dogs. Knowledge on the efficacy of lactic acid bacteria in a diarrhoeic disorder of dogs is still spreading; however, the used or commercialized strains are often not of canine origin. In this study, E. faecium DSM 32820 strain (a canine isolate selected in our laboratory based on safety and probiotic criteria) was fed to nine dogs suffering from acute non-haemorrhagic diarrhoea at a dose of 1×109 CFU/ml for 7 days. Samples of feces and blood were taken on day 0 and 7. Evaluation of the CIBDAI (Canine Intestinal Bowel Disease activity index) score showed significantly lower vomiting frequency, stool frequency, stool consistency and weight loss at day 7 compared to day 0 (P<0.05). The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed Firmicutes as the predominant phylum on both sampling days (72.0% vs. 67.9%, day 0 and 7) followed by Proteobacteria (13.4% vs. 6.0%), Actinobacteria (10.0% vs 13.5%), Fusobacteria (4.2% vs. 2.3%) and Bacteroidetes (0.4% vs. 10.4%). The abundance of family Erysipelotrichiaceae was higher on day 7 compared to the initial levels (P<0.05). Among 19 detected fecal enzymatic activities, five (α-chymotrypsin, β-glucuronidase, α-fucosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase) were changed (P<0.05). After the application of the DSM 32820 strain, mean fecal dry matter was significantly higher on day 7 compared to baseline (P< 0.05). Although hematological and biochemical parameters in the blood were not significantly different on average, individual values of certain parameters in several dogs were improved.

Roseobacter Group Probiotics Exhibit Differential Killing of Fish Pathogenic Tenacibaculum Species.

Fish-pathogenic bacteria of the Tenacibaculum genus are a serious emerging concern in modern aquaculture, causing tenacibaculosis in a broad selection of cultured finfish. Data describing their virulence mechanisms are scarce and few means, antibiotic treatment aside, are available to control their proliferation in aquaculture systems. We genome sequenced a collection of 19 putative Tenacibaculum isolates from outbreaks at two aquaculture facilities and tested their susceptibility to treatment with tropodithietic acid (TDA)-producing Roseobacter group probiotics. We found that local outbreaks of Tenacibaculum can involve heterogeneous assemblages of species and strains with the capacity to produce multiple different virulence factors related to host invasion and infection. The probiotic Phaeobacter piscinae S26 proved efficient in killing pathogenic Tenacibaculum species such as T. maritimum, T. soleae, and some T. discolor strains. However, the T. mesophilum and T. gallaicum species exhibit natural tolerance toward TDA and are hence not likely to be easily killed by TDA-producing probiotics. Tolerance toward TDA in Tenacibaculum is likely involving multiple inherent physiological features pertaining to electron and proton transport, iron sequestration, and potentially also drug efflux mechanisms, since genetic determinants encoding such features were significantly associated with TDA tolerance. Collectively, our results support the use of TDA producers to prevent tenacibaculosis; however, their efficacy is likely limited to some Tenacibaculum species. IMPORTANCE A productive and sustainable aquaculture sector is needed to meet the UN sustainable development goals and supply the growing world population with high-protein food sources. A sustainable way to prevent disease outbreaks in the industry is the application of probiotic bacteria that can antagonize fish pathogens in the aquaculture systems. TDA-producing Roseobacter group probiotics have proven efficient in killing important vibrio pathogens and protecting fish larvae against infection, and yet their efficacy against different fish pathogenic species of the Tenacibaculum genus has not been explored. Therefore, we tested the efficacy of such potential probiotics against a collection of different Tenacibaculum isolates and found the probiotic to efficiently kill a subset of relevant strains and species, supporting their use as sustainable disease control measure in aquaculture.

Effects of different probiotic administration on survival rate, vitality, and morphology of tiger shrimp larvae, Penaeus monodon

The application of probiotic bacteria in the maintenance of tiger shrimp larvae Penaeus monodon in hatcheries is one of the efforts to improve the synthesis and quality of larvae in supporting the success of its production in ponds. This study aims to evaluate the application of probiotics on the maintenance of tiger shrimp larvae. The treatments tested were the administration of different probiotics, namely: probiotic A (P.A.), probiotic B (P.B.), albaju application as the positive control (P.K.), and without the application of probiotics as a negative control (K.N.). The results showed that the application of albaju or P.K. gave the highest survival rate of pl-12 larvae, which is 74.5% but not significantly different from the larval hatchery in probiotic applications A and B 62.1% and 59,8% (P>0.05), but substantially different from the larvae of PL-12 without probiotic application (K.N.), which is 55.6% (P<0.05). In the larva vitality test, physically using drying with filter paper and soaking fresh water and chemically vitality test of larvae with formaldehyde gives healthy larvae response and stress is relatively the same between the four treatments. While the observation of larval morphology obtained the highest value was 93 in albaju application (P.K.), following the application of probiotic B (88) and probiotic A (84) and the lowest morphological value (71) on without probiotic application (K.N.). This study indicated that the application of albaju provides larval survival, larval vitality, and larval morphology, which is relatively the same as larval survival and larval quality using probiotics A and B. Therefore, probiotics A and B have the opportunity to be used to improve the survival and quality of tiger shrimp larvae.

Bacterial abundance and community composition in green, brown and red water from intensive catfish (Clarias sp.) culture ponds in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract. Wijayanti KAN, Istiqomah I, Murwantoko. 2021. Bacterial abundance and community composition in green, brown and red water from intensive Catfish (Clarias sp.) culture ponds in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3677-3684. Catfish (Clarias sp.) is an important aquaculture commodity in Indonesia and cultured in an intensive system. Microorganisms play an important role in maintaining water quality of aquaculture system. The objective of this study was to determine the bacterial abundance and community composition of green, brown and red water collected from intensive catfish culture ponds in Yogyakarta using next-generation sequencing method. The water samples were collected from intensive catfish culture ponds with different colors, namely green, brown and red ponds located in Yogyakarta. The DNA from water samples was extracted using DNA extraction kit and used as template for 16S rRNA amplification. The V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified apply for next-generation sequencing technology. This study could explore effectively the bacterial community in water samples. The bacterial communities in this catfish culture water showed higher bacterial richness compared to the other aquaculture system. The diversity of the green, brown and red catfish culture water ponds was similar with the number OTUs of the green, brown and red water samples, which were 1269; 1387 and 1323 OTUs respectively. The 694 OTUs (34.42%) were common core microbiomes in all catfish culture ponds, the 212 OTUs (10.51%) are present on green and brown water ponds, the 182 OTUs (9.02%) were on green and red water ponds, and the 183 OTUs (9.07%) were present on green and brown water ponds. However, the composition of the bacterial community was different. The most dominant phylum in green and brown water ponds was Proteobacteria with relative abundance in green water and brown water 71.6% and 47.0% respectively, whereas, the most dominant phylum in red water was Firmicutes (29.5%). The dominance of Firmicutes phylum in red water ponds may be caused by application of probiotic bacteria, the high organic content, and low oxygen concentration.

Inhibition of Anabaena sp. and Oscillatoria sp. Using Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria

Water blooms are a serious environmental problem affecting fresh and marine ecosystem. Application of probiotic bacteria has been introduced as an emerging and eco-friendly tool to regulate or inhibit cyanobacterial blooms. In the present study, we have isolated and morphologically identified cyanobacteria from El Manzala Lake. Afterward, we examined the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria MT2 (Lactobacillus sakei) isolated from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intestine in controlling Anabaena sp. and Oscillatoria sp., isolated from El Manzala Lake. Measuring chlorophyll, phycocyanin and biomass concentration were conducted in a co-culture experiment between the selected cyanobacterial isolates and probiotic lactic acid bacteria (MT2). Chlorophyll content, phycocyanin content and biomass concentration of Anabaena sp., and Oscillatoria sp., were decreased significantly in the co-culture experiment with MT2 bacteria. Also, the microscopic examinations showed that MT2 bacterium was able to lysis and degrade the selected cyanobacterial cells under microscope. We concluded that the use of MT2 (Lactobacillus sakei) is potentially effective against some cyanobacteria especially Anabaena sp. and Oscillatoria sp.

Is There a Relationship Between Morphometry of the Intestine and Expression of IGA in GF Mice After Application of Probiotic Bacteria and Infection With PCV2?

Is There a Relationship Between Morphometry of the Intestine and Expression of IGA in GF Mice After Application of Probiotic Bacteria and Infection With PCV2?

Pelet Bakteri Probiotik untuk Biokontrol Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan Viabilitas Benih Padi

Probiotic bacteria collection from the rice plant tissue (i.e. endophytic 467 and endophytic 748 isolates), the rhizosphere ( Ralstonia pickettii TT47) and that from the ground (actinomycetes 6) has been reported as biocontrol agents. The effect of pellet containing probiotic bacteria to suppress Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae pathogen in rice seed has not been known thoroughly. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of pellet containing probiotic bacteria in maintaining viability of rice seeds infected by X. oryzae pv. oryzae . A dual culture method was used to test the antagonistic activities between probiotic bacteria and X. oryzae pv. oryzae . Isolates R. pickettii TT47, endophytic 467 and actinomycetes 6 showed antagonistic activities against X. oryzae pv. oryzae . Among them, only endophytic 467 and actinomycetes 6 that showed compatibility. Pellet formulation (talc + CMC 1.5% + glycerol 1%) contain actinomycetes 6 singly or combination with endophytic 467 in infected Ciherang rice seed was able to suppress population X. oryzae pv. oryzae as long as 6 weeks storage. While, the highest percentage of seed germination and seedling growth rate during 6 weeks storage was obtained on pellet formulation with R. pickettii TT47, i.e. 86.67% and 17.17% etmal -1 respectively and significantly different with infected nonpelleted rice seed (62.67% and 11.02% etmal -1 ). In conclusion, the application of probiotic bacteria R. pickettii TT47, endophytic 467 and actinomycetes 6 in pellet formulation was effective to decrease X. oryzae pv. oryzae and maintain viability of infected rice seed in 6 weeks storage.

Current State of Bacteria Pathogenicity and their Relationship with Host and Environment in Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) is a species having tolerance to low water quality and disease, yet in recent years its cultivation has been faced with problems related to infections with bacteria such as Aeromonas spp., Streptococcus spp., Edwardsiella spp. and Francisella spp., each characterized by mortality between 15% and 90% of aquaculture production. These economic losses are associated with poor management practices, minimal producer knowledge of disease control, and the maintenance of overly high densities; which they are directly related to electricity consumption, land use and water management, inputs of raw materials, and manpower for operating links in the value-chain. Mortalities are measured according to the degree of pathogenicity, which depends on the alteration and progression of physiological conditions of the host under the influence of environmental factors, health status and pathogen virulence. There is currently a need to confront and diminish the degree of pathogenicity, and researchers are seeking alternatives that allow the use and application of probiotic bacteria, plant extracts and vaccines. Here, we review the main pathogenic bacteria found in Oreochromis niloticus culture operations and options for controlling the appearance of bacterial pathogens in aquaculture production.

Reduction of ochratoxin A in chicken feed using probiotic.

Mycotoxins present in fodders may evoke health problems of animals and people. The data published by FAO in 2001 show that 25% of raw materials are contaminated with mycotoxins, while their type and concentration are to a great extent dependable on the climatic zone. Biological detoxification of mycotoxins by the use of microorganisms is one of the well-known strategies for the management of mycotoxins in foods and feeds. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of spontaneous fermentation and that with the use of probiotic bacteria and yeast on ochratoxin A (OTA) concentration and the microbiota pattern during fermentation. The probiotic preparation is a natural product containing bacteria resistant to gastric juice and bile: Lactobacillus paracasei LOCK 0920, Lactobacillus brevis LOCK 0944, Lactobacillus plantarum LOCK 0945, as well as live yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae LOCK 0140 of high fermenting capacity. After 6-hour fermentation with the probiotic, in feed with a low concentration of ochratoxin A (1 mg/kg) the amount of ochratoxin A decreased by 73%. In the case of high a concentration (5 mg/kg) the decrease in ochratoxin A was lower at about 55%. This tendency was sustained during the following hours of incubation (12th and 24th hours). The application of probiotic bacteria and yeasts resulted in the reduction of aerobic spore forming bacteria. It can be concluded that the probiotic preparation containing bacteria of Lactobacillus strains and yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae used in the study was conducive to detoxification of ochratoxin A added to a feed.

Germination of Cereal Grains as a Way to Improve the Nutritional Value: A Review

Whole grain cereals have been found to be a good source of nutritionally valuable substances, such as antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber. A wide range of these compounds is affected by germination. While some compounds, such as beta-glucans are degraded, others, like vitamins can be increased by means of malting. Therefore, germination and malting of cereals is a way not only to produce fermentable extract for the brewing and distilling industries, but can also be a way to produce ingredients enriched with health promoting compounds. Malt extracts have also been shown to be good substrates for the growth and application of probiotic bacteria.

Detoxification of aflatoxin B&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and change in microflora pattern by probiotic &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; fermentation of broiler feed

1. Effect of Fermentation Process on Nutritional Composition and Aflatoxins Concentration of <i>Doklu</i>, a Fermented Maize Based Food Marina C. N. Assohoun, Théodore N. Djeni, Marina Koussémon-Camara, Kouakou Brou Food and Nutrition Sciences CrossRef

Application of probiotic bacteria in production of yoghurt preserved under high pressure†

The aim of this study was to determine the possibilities of using probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium ssp., as an additive to pressurized yoghurt. A pressure of 550 MPa/15 min/18 °C was applied. After pressurization, the probiotic bacteria in a lyophilized form and inactivated in milk were added. Yoghurts were stored for 4 weeks at a temperature of 4 °C. The pressure caused the complete reduction of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and reduction of the number of Streptococcus thermophilus by 1–2 orders of magnitude, and a small increase of the pH value. Therefore, by applying high pressures, the antibacterial activity of yoghurt is reduced. The addition of probiotic bacteria restores the lost properties. During the storage, the progressive reduction of live bacterial cells was observed. The number of L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium ssp. was maintained on the level of 106–107 CFU/g till the end of the storage period. †Presented at the 42nd EHPRG conference, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1–4, 2004.

Application of Probiotic Bacteria: A Novel Approach Towards Ensuring food Safety in Shrimp Aquaculture

Shrimp export is the second largest exportable commodity in Bangladesh. However, frequent outbreaks of microbial diseases over the last few years challenged its prospect to flourish. The use of antimicrobial chemicals have led to the emergence of more virulent pathogens, with the eventual transfer of antimicrobial resistance to human pathogens. The use of beneficial bacteria (probiotics) to displace pathogens by competitive processes and to inhibit their proliferation is a better remedy than administering antibiotics. A good number of bacteria from rearing environment for shrimp aquaculture with potential probiotic activity in vitro have been isolated. Two approaches, the well diffusion method and co-culture experiments confirmed their probiotic nature. Their non-hemolytic property also ensured their safe mode for application in shrimp aquaculture. Once the effect is successfully translated in the culture ponds, this will be an eco-friendly, harmless approach to combat the disaster caused by bacterial infections without compromising the shrimp quality, thereby ensuring food safety in shrimp industries of Bangladesh. Key words: Probiotic bacteria, food safety, shrimp aquaculture, vibrios DOI: 10.3329/jbas.v33i1.2958 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 1, 139-144, 2009