Application Of Polymer Composite Materials Research Articles

Systematization of the application of polymer composite materials in the design of bridge structures

Background. This study systematizes the principles of using polymer composite materials in bridge structure design, outlining the fundamental principles for calculating load-bearing structures of bridge spans featuring these materials. Aim. The goal is to enhance the strength and durability of bridge spans during construction and maintenance, while optimizing costs through the use of polymer composite materials. Materials and Methods. The research employs a modern approach to bridge structure design, utilizing mathematical statistics for experimental data analysis and numerical methods for calculating bridge structures using nonlinear deformation models of anisotropic materials. Results. Developed principles for designing bridge spans with polymer composite elements include methods for strengthening and reinforcing concrete bridge structures. These methods account for operational factors such as long-term constant and temporary loads, low and elevated temperatures, as well as methods for designing all-composite spans pedestrian and road bridges Conclusion. The principles of designing bridge spans with elements made of polymer composite materials have been introduced into the practice of transport construction in the Russian Federation. The technical and economic efficiency of using polymer composite materials in bridge structures of transport infrastructure has been confirmed.

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The application and influence of polymer composite materials in competitive sports

In order to solve the restrictions on athletes and the time and cost of equipment replacement caused by traditional sports equipment, which are easy to corrode, have short service life, poor mechanical properties, and are relatively heavy, etc., more excellent polymer materials and new materials are used in various aspects. technology to replace traditional materials. At the same time, the diversified characteristics of polymer materials can provide more types of choices for various sports equipment. In order to understand the application and influence of polymer composite materials in competitive sports, the application of polymer compounds is analyzed in combination with the preparation process in this paper, material performance and performance requirements of sports equipment. By comparing the performance of athletes in different eras without using the same equipment and the length of their competitive career, this paper concluded that the application of polymer composite materials in competitive sports has greatly improved the performance of athletes and reduced the risk of injury , It also increases convenience and safety for ordinary people.

Assessment of the stress-strain state of machine structural elements made of polymer composite materials with a hybrid matrix by numerical simulation

The expansion of the fields of application of polymer composite materials (PCM) requires the development of their new compositions, structures, and molding methods. One of the most difficult tasks in the design of PCM products is the selection or development of a polymer matrix that meets a number of technological and operational requirements. The addition of components forming an independent conditionally liquid phase to the composition of the PCM matrix makes it possible to change the set of properties of the composite and ensure its high crack resistance. The paper presents the results of evaluating the stress-strain state of model samples of carbon fiber reinforced plastic with an organosilicon polymer material that forms a hybrid matrix with the base material of the binder. Modeling was carried out for cases of using organosilicon material with low and high modulus of elasticity. Also, modeling of a front-end loader bucket made using carbon fiber with the considered hybrid matrix was performed. The simulation results showed that the use of PCM with organosilicon material in the manufacture of a product can significantly reduce its weight and provide a sufficient margin of safety.

Infrared thermography of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) with a hybrid matrix

The expansion of the fields of application of polymer composite materials (PCM), the emergence of their new compositions and structures is the reason for the development of new and improvement of existing methods for their non-destructive testing. One of the most important tasks in the performance of non-destructive testing of PCM is the development or selection of control modes. The complexity of solving this problem is related to the anisotropy of PCM properties (thermophysical, acoustical, etc.). The article describes the methods and results of infrared thermography of carbon fiber reinforced plastics with a hybrid matrix formed by an epoxy binder and a silicone elastomer. Silicone elastomer is an independent "liquid" phase in the matrix structure (from the standpoint of relaxation properties). The silicone elastomer has high heat resistance, therefore, the choice of modes for performing active infrared thermography of PCM with a hybrid matrix, in which the "liquid" phase is this material, is a rather complex scientific and practical task. The excess temperatures reported to the control object should be in the range of values at which an informative temperature diagnostic signal is observed, but at the same time the destruction of the PCM components does not occur. The values of temperature diagnostic signals from the location zone of the "liquid" phase in the structure of carbon fiber reinforced plastics are presented. It has been established that in order to perform infrared thermography, the temperature of the diagnostic signal from the location zone of the silicone elastomer must be ~3 ± 0.5°C higher than the temperature of the carbon fiber reinforced plastics. The optimal observation time of the temperature diagnostic signal is the period from the end of heating to 0.5 minutes after heating. A model for determining the modes of infrared thermography based on the phonon theory of heat conduction is presented. The temperature corresponding the appearance of a diagnostic signal from the location zone of the "liquid" phase component of the hybrid matrix of the PCM can be considered the Debye temperature of the test material

Synthesis, characterization and application of polymer composite materials in wastewater treatment

The concern towards the increasing challenges in water treatment technologies made investigators towards significant innovations in current years. The incorporation of polymer composite materials in this field obtained remarkable results due to its exceptional properties. Among them, Activated carbon (AC) and surface modified activated carbon by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) have proved to be promising materials due to their large surface area, enhanced process ability, stability, synergetic properties, cost-effectiveness, and less impact on the environment. The study focused on various treatment parameters from wastewater by performing a series of batch experimental studies by changing parameters pH, stirring time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and agitation speed in decreases using % of AC/LDPE with most efficient way. It was observed that the optimum parameter pH: 5, rpm: 100, amount of dosage: 1.6g, stirring time: 60 min and T: 35 °C. The results suggest that AC/LDPE were found to be more efficient in application of wastewater treatment.

ПОЛИМЕРНЫЕ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В АВТОМОБИЛЕСТРОЕНИИ (обзор)

Provides an overview of scientific and technical literature in the field of application of polymer composite materials in the automotive industry. The paper presents the history of the issue, as well as current trends in the field of materials, technologies and the technical solutions used to solve the assigned tasks. Taking into account world experience. examples are given and the prospects of using polymer composite materials and technologies for their processing developed for the aerospace industry in automotive industry are shown.

Ремонт деталей дорожно-строительных машин, работающих во влажной среде

Components of road-building machines operating under wet environment conditions, and defects characterized for them are discussed. It is shown that most defects for such machines are connected with corrosion. Traditional methods of the reconditioning of the defects are considered on the example of an excavator eye. It has been found out that the promising technique is an application of polymer composite materials.

Применение полимерных композиционных материалов для защиты от коррозии

Применение полимерных композиционных материалов для защиты от коррозии

Применение полимерных композиционных материалов при изготовлении ремонтных муфт для трубопроводов

Новые технологии, Химическая промышленность, Химическая технология, Научные журналы, Защита от коррозии, Технология металлов, Свойства материалов, Технические журналы, Наука и технологии, Справочная литература, Научные разработки

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ КОМПОЗИТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ В СУДОСТРОЕНИИ

The development of modern shipbuilding requires using new structural materials, superior to traditional ones. Polymeric composite materials are among the most promising. The article studies the mechanical properties of multilayer polymer composite materials made of glass fabrics under tension and the effect of the number of layers of glass mat on the tensile strength of the material. The technology of manufacturing samples from polymer composites reinforced with fiberglass plastic is being considered. The size and shape of the samples, the technological parameters of the manufacturing process, which depend on standard requirements, and the technological features of the testing machine are substantiated. It has been stated that fiberglass is the cheapest and most common type of composite materials, which does not require special maintenance, the cost of maintenance of fiberglass structures being significantly lower than that of steel structures. The method of testing the tensile strength of the samples has been studied. For conducting experiments, samples of glass mat brand EMC-600-1250-E were used. According to the study results, the mathematical dependence of tensile strength on the number of layers was established, and the most important stages of statistical processing of test results were laid out using the Minitab 18.1 software package. A graph of the relationship between the number of layers and tensile strength is presented. For all the examined samples the ultimate strength will depend on the number of layers. The results of mechanical properties can be used in solving problems associated with the application of polymer composite materials in shipbuilding, for example, in manufacturing superstructures of dry cargo vessels.

Modeling a Stressed State in the Vicinity of an Optical Fiber Embedded in a Polymer Composite Material with Allowance for the Structural Features of the Composite

This work is concerned with two important scientific areas: mechanics of polymer composite materials (PCMs) and the development of new methods for diagnostics and monitoring of the mechanical state of a structure based on fiber-optic sensors. The nomenclature and the range of application of PCMs are expanding very rapidly. Currently, the percentage of the use of composite materials is one of the indicators of the competitiveness of the corresponding products. At the same time, theoretical results concerning the assessment of the workability of PCM structures do not always keep up with the requests of designers developing new products. Therefore, model assessments should be complemented with modern monitoring systems. Fiber-optic sensors offer opportunities for creating new monitoring scenarios. One of them is associated with the use of sensors embedded in a PCM. This gives a new kind of smart material, in which the PCM, along with its basic functions, provides information on its parameters: temperature, strain, etc. The development of this class of smart materials requires solving a number of problems. One of them, which is the subject of the present work, is the evaluation by methods of mathematical modeling of changes in the stiffness and strength characteristics of PCM products due to the integration of fiber-optical sensors into the material. In contrast to the known works, the developed computational models take into account the layered structure of a PCM, the types of layer stacking, the arrangement of layers and optical fiber, the presence of a technological defect in the form of a resin pocket with the elimination of points of stress singularity that are present in the known computational schemes. The model proposed in this work can be used to estimate the stress concentration in the layers of the composite material adjacent to the optical fiber.

МЕТОДИКА ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ОБРАЗЦОВ ИЗ МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ИХ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ

In the last decades there is increasing the need to apply polymer composite materials in different industries, particularly in shipbuilding. There are developing single structures made from polymer composite materials to be used on board ships. The article focuses on technology of manufacturing slabs from polymer composite materials to carry out mechanical testing in the laboratory special standard units. Mechanical properties of polymer composite materials depend on molding technologies. There has been described a technology of sample manufacturing from polymer composite materials reinforced with glass fiber mat with fiberglass plastics. The technique of testing the specified samples for tensile strength has been considered. The sizes and shapes of the samples as well as the technological parameters of the manufacturing process have been validated, depending on the standard requirements and the technological features of the testing machine. The physical and mechanical properties of the components that make up the composite materials are considered. The sequence of stacking layers for preparation of plates from composite materials is indicated. The dimensions of the plates for cutting out finished samples are determined, depending on the method of production. The way of laying plates from composite materials has been chosen on the base of economic considerations and conditions of accessibility. The obtained results of mechanical properties can be used in solving problems of application of polymer composite materials in shipbuilding, for example, in manufacturing superstructures of some dry cargo vessels.

Indicators of Reliability of Artificial Structures with Elements Made of Polymer Composite Materials at all Stages of their Life Cycle on the Basis of Risk Assessment

Abstract Year after year the traffic density on general-purpose highways increases. Thus, actions on repairs, capital repairs or reconstruction of artificial structures are required to ensure safe uninterrupted transportation process. Currently, the issue of improvement of reliability indicators with regard to artificial structures on highways upon their construction and maintenance, with account for cost optimization on the basis of application of polymer composite materials, is topical. Polymer composite materials are plastics reinforced by high-strength fibers. Studies of experience in application of polymer composite materials in various industries of the Russian Federation and abroad have shown that it is necessary to look for new effective construction solutions for more widespread introduction and expansion of the field of application of composite materials in the practice of transport construction on highways.

THE application of polymer radioabsorbing materials TO SOLVE THE problem of electromagnetic safety

Objective: to develop and create new absorbers of microwave radiation on polymer basis; to assess the perspectives of application of polymer composite radioabsorbing materials (RAM) and electromagnetic screens (EMS) for solving of the problem of electromagnetic ecology and electromagnetic protection of biological objects. Material and methods. Monolithic, fibrous and combined RAM based on filled thermoplastics were chosen as subjects of the study. Dielectric, magnetic and electroconducting substances different in nature, shape, size and a phase state were used as a filler. The RAM structure was study with means of a scanning electronic microscope. Results and discussion. The application of polymer composite materials for protection of biological objects from the effect of microwaves has been shown as efficient. The prospects for creation of polymer RAM, containing biodegradable components, nanoparticles, chiral structures, encapsulated liquids and also as non-woven RAM and polymers with own electroconductive have been analysed. Conclusion. RAM based on polymer composite thermoplastics and EMS are highly effective means for solving the problems of electromagnetic ecology.

СВОЙСТВА И НАЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КЛЕЕВЫХ ПРЕПРЕГОВ

СВОЙСТВА И НАЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КЛЕЕВЫХ ПРЕПРЕГОВ

TESTING THE FLEXURAL FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF E-GLASS EPOXY LAMINATES

With the advent of fiber reinforced composite materials the application of polymer composite materials is increasing in aerospace, marine and automobile fields, and non-conventional energy harvesting sectors in view of deriving advantages of polymer composites towards enhancing the equipment performance. Composites are replacing the conventional materials almost in every application. Due to their high specific strength, stiffness, better fatigue life, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. So polymer composites play a vital role in weight reduction with better functional characteristics of critical components like leaf spring, wheel drum, crash bumper etc. The tailor-designing capability with composite materials provides large scope of mechanical properties by adopting advanced design techniques. The tailored properties of laminated composite throws a challenge on design engineers to arrive at optimum design solutions. The flexural fatigue failure is common in rotating components such as wind turbine rotors and aero plane wing structures. The present work is focusing on flexural fatigue failure behavior with the help of flexural fatigue test rig established in the mechanical engineering department of JNTU. The explicit work publishes the experimental test results to understand the influence of frequency on the fatigue failure behavior due to cyclic flexing loads on the glass epoxy laminates

Recent progress in smart polymer composite particles in electric and magnetic fields

AbstractElectrorheological (ER) and magnetorheological (MR) fluids based on electro‐ and magneto‐responsive particles, respectively, are smart suspensions with the ability to undergo phase transitions from a liquid‐like to a solid‐like state as a result of stimuli of an electric or magnetic field. The application of polymer composite materials rather than pure polymeric or inorganic materials is aiming to solve the problems in the use of both ER and MR materials, such as low activity, physical and chemical stability, and production cost. Various fabrication methods of polymer composite materials with electro‐activity or magneto‐activity developed and effectively applied in this field to boost the wide commercialization of both ER and MR fluids are briefly reviewed in this perspective. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

Anisotropy of torsional rigidity of sheet polymer composite materials

Wide application of polymer composite materials (PCM) in modern technology calls for detailed evaluation of their stress-strain properties in a broad temperature range. To obtain such information, we use the dynamic mechanical analysis and with the help of a reverse torsion pendulum measure the dynamic torsional rigidity of PCM bars of rectangular cross section in the temperature range up to 600 K. It is found that the temperature dependences of the dynamic rigidity of the calculated values of dynamic shear moduli are governed by the percentage and properties of the binder and fibers, the layout of fibers, the phase interaction along interfaces, etc. The principles of dynamic mechanical spectrometry are used to substantiate and analyze the parameters of anisotropy by which the behavior of a composite can be described in the temperature range including the transition of the binder from the glassy into a highly elastic state. For this purpose, the values of dynamic rigidity are measured under low-amplitude vibrations of the PCM specimens with a fiber orientation angle from 0 to 90°. It is shown that for unidirectional composites the dependence between the dynamic rigidity and the fiber orientation angle is of extreme character. The value and position of the peak depend on the type of the binder and fibers and change with temperature. It is found that the anisotropy degree of PCM is dictated by the molecular mobility and significantly changes in the temperature range of transition of the binder and reinforcement from the glassy into a highly elastic state (in the case of SVM fibers). The possibility of evaluating the anisotropy of composites with other reinforcement schemes, in particular, of orthogonally reinforced PCMs, is shown.