Application Of Partial Least Squares Research Articles

Does Ethical Leadership Moderate Internal Control and the Levers of Control on Performance?: A Study of Village Credit Institutions (LPD) in Denpasar City

Companies or organizations, particularly Village Credit Institutions (LPD), need special attention due to the observed decline in performance across various cases. Therefore, this study focuses on the internal control system, management control system, levers of control, and their impact on organizational performance, moderated by ethical leadership. This research intends to look into the significant impact of these variables on organizational performance, particularly when moderated by ethical leadership. Sampling was conducted using a purposive method and hypothesis testing adopted the Structural Equation Modeling method utilizing the application of Partial Least Square. The findings indicated that the internal control system and management accounting system contribute positively to organizational performance, while the levers of control indicated no significant influence. Additionally, ethical leadership failed to augment the effect of the variables on organizational performance. This research holds crucial implications for LPD, emphasizing the importance of controlling activities through policies and procedures to enhance performance.

KPI-related monitoring approach for powertrain system in hybrid electric vehicles

This paper introduces a novel monitoring method related to key-performance-indicators (KPIs), specifically tailored for the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrain system. The proposed method establishes a new KPI that better reflects the performance of the HEV powertrain system. Through the application of partial least squares and contribution plot method, it excels in minimizing data scale and precisely monitoring HEV powertrain faults. Diverging from current methodologies, this method demands minimal prior knowledge and solely relies on previously observed HEV data. The simulation results demonstrate the method's capability to detect engine and motor overheating faults while accurately diagnosing their root causes. In summary, this innovative method marks a significant departure from existing approaches, providing a robust and powerful tool for state monitoring in the HEV powertrain system.

Simultaneous removal of phenoxy herbicides, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous media by magnetized MgAl-LDH@Fe3O4 composite: application of partial least squares and Doehlert experimental design

Simultaneous removal of phenoxy herbicides, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous media by magnetized MgAl-LDH@Fe3O4 composite: application of partial least squares and Doehlert experimental design

Product Quality and Brand Experience on Repeat Purchase Interest in Implora Lipsticks

The research was centred on a demographic comprising individuals who were consumers of Implora lipstick within the local community. This research employed quantitative research methods to examine two primary objectives: (1) to evaluate the impact of product quality on the intention to repurchase implora lipsticks in Kolaka Regency, and (2) to analyse the influence of brand experience on the intention to repurchase implora lipsticks in Kolaka Regency. To evaluate the dependability and accuracy of the research instrument, a battery of tests was administered by the researchers utilising the statistical software SPSS 25.0. The evaluation of the measurement model, also known as the outer model, and the structural model, referred to as the inner model, is performed through the utilisation of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with the application of Partial Least Squares (PLS) methodology. The findings of the research demonstrate a significant and favourable association between the attributes of product quality and the degree of inclination towards engaging in subsequent purchases. The assertion is substantiated by empirical evidence, as indicated by a t-statistic of 5.648 and a corresponding P-value of 0.000. Moreover, recent studies have unveiled that characteristics linked to the brand encounter demonstrate a positive and statistically significant impact on the level of propensity to engage in repeat purchasing behaviour. The assertion provided is supported by a t-statistic value of 3.543, which is accompanied by a P-Value of 0.000.

Kontribusi Penggunaan Literasi Digital Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa Di SMK Pawiyatan Surabaya

This study examines the use of digital literacy to increase the learning outcomes of PAI students at SMK Pawiyatan Surabaya. This study uses quantitative research with a correlational descriptive approach. Data collection using a questionnaire was carried out in a self-administered questionnaire, namely, the respondents answered the questionnaire themselves that had been made by the researcher. The sample used was 177 students as respondents. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the Partial Least Square (PLS) based Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach using the Smart PLS application version 3.0. The results showed that the ability to access digital tools (XI), the ability to search for information with digital devices (X2), and the ability to evaluate information from the Internet (X3) both partially and simultaneously had a significant positive effect on PAI learning outcomes (Y). Digital literacy skills are very important in learning, especially in finding PAI information with digital tools. The more professional students are in search for this information, their insights and knowledge references will increase so that student learning outcomes for PAI will also increase.

Kepribadian Introvert dan Kepribadian Ekstrovert Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa Melalui Motivasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of introverted and extroverted personalities on student interest in entrepreneurship through motivation as a mediating variable. This research method is quantitative. Respondents in this study were undergraduate students at Jambi University. The data analysis method used in this study is the Partial Least Square (PLS) method using the Smart PLS application. The results showed that there was an influence of introverted personality on students' interest in entrepreneurship through motivation as a mediating variable and there was no effect of extroverted personality on students' interest in entrepreneurship through motivation as a mediating variable.
 Keywords: Extrovert Personality Introvert Personality, Interest in Entrepreneurship, Motivation

Analisis Knowledge Management Dan Kualitas SDM Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Melalui Inovasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada UMKM

This study was conducted to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of knowledge management and HR quality on MSME business performance through innovation as a mediating variable. This study uses a sample of MSMEs engaged in the culinary sector in the Central Cikarang area. Sampling using purposive sampling method with a significance level used of 0.05 and analyzed using the PLS (Partial Least Square) application. Based on the results of the analysis, Product Innovation, Product Quality, and Accounting System have a positive and significant effect on SME performance. The results of this study are knowledge management and quality of human resources have a positive influence on innovation. Knowledge management variables have no influence on the performance of SMEs. However, the knowledge management variable has a positive influence on innovation. Then the innovation variable has a positive influence on the performance of MSMEs. And innovation mediates the influence between knowledge management and HR quality on the performance of MSMEs.

Analisis Pengaruh Leadership Style Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis UMKM Melalui Networking Capability sebagai Variabel Mediasi

This study was conducted to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of leadership style and on MSME business performance through networking capability as a mediating variable. This study used a sample of MSMEs located in Cicau Village, Central Cikarang. Sampling using Non Probability Sampling with a significance level used of 0.05 and analyzed using the PLS (Partial Least Square) application. Based on the results of the analysis, leadership style has a positive and significant effect on MSME business performance. The result of this study is that leadership style has a positive influence on innovation and business performance. Then the networking capability variable has a positive influence on MSME business performance. And networking capability mediates the influence between leadership style on MSME performance.

Transformational Leadership, Technology Adoption, and Public Service towards Job Competency

This research aims to predict and analyze the effects of transformational leadership, technology adoption, and public service towards job competency in the Indonesian National Police. This research is very significant for improving police officers job competency and policy due at the ontological level and sociological level. The problem is very interesting to be analyzed by conducting quantitative research method. Data were collected through survey questionnaires related with transformational leadership, technology adoption, and public service towards job competency in the Indonesian National Police context. Data were analyzed statistically by using Partial Least Square (PLS) models employed a smart PLS application. The results are: Transformational Leadership have significant positive effect on Job Competency, Technology Adoption has significant positive effect on Job Competency, and Public Service has significant positive effect on Job Competency. Based on results as per ontological level and sociological level are useful for improving police policy and practice in The Indonesian National Police context, and need for providing information to stakeholders related and as inputs for making better regulation on police policy and practice in Indonesia as well as for public officials and practitioners.

Evaluation of the patchouli essential oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) aromatic characteristic by near‐infrared spectroscopy

This study aimed to evaluate the aromatic characteristic of patchouli essential oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) by near‐infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric treatments. The study used 84 oil samples collected from around Indonesia, namely in Konawe, Kolaka, Bogor, Garut, Aceh, Jambi, and Masamba. Several pretreatments were used to process the spectral data, together with the application of partial least squares. The spectrum wavelength applied was between 1000 and 2500 nm. The spectra data were separated to develop two models based on their physical and chemical properties (Bogor, Garut, Konawe, and Kolaka in the first model; Aceh, Jambi, and Masamba in the second one). Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) was used as a reference method. Patchouli alcohol was established as the main chemical compound of this aromatic oil. The best calibration for the first model was that with mean center normalization as a data pretreatment, while for the second model, it was the one using the second derivative. Both models had a correlation coefficient higher than 0.90 and a coefficient of variation lower than 2.98%. In conclusion, near‐infrared spectroscopy can be employed as an accurate tool to determine the characteristic of patchouli oil.

Application of Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression to Control Light Source for <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> Seedling Growth in Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting

The use of LEDs as a light source in plant factories with artificial lighting is expected to reduce costs, but it has been reported that some crops do not grow as expected due to differences in the wavelength of the light source. Therefore, it is necessary to design LEDs with the appropriate wavelength for each crop to be grown. On the other hand, there is research toward the realization of smart plant factories that utilize artificial intelligence, and artificial intelligence may contribute to the design of the light environment in plant factories. In this study, we selected mini-tomatoes as a model crop, and prepared fluorescent lamps and LEDs as the light environment during seedling growth, respectively, and searched for suitable light source wavelengths while investigating the relationship with growth conditions using statistical analysis methods, one of the artificial intelligence techniques. We investigated the relationship between multiple light environments, PPFD, R/B ratio, and spectrum of wavelengths respectively, using LEDs, fluorescent lamps, and dimming filters, and growth indices stem diameter in order to clarify the light environments that contribute to growth. The correlation between the measured light environment and crop growth results was objectively shown by PLS regression analysis, and the contributing wavelengths were explored by calculating the selectivity ratio and regression coefficient. As a result, it was suggested that stem diameter was promoted at around 550 nm and 630 nm, and suppressed at around 460 nm.

Pengaruh Digital Marketing, Inovasi Produk dan Brand Image terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Coffee Shop Pabrik Lewo Surabaya

Coffee is a happening trend in this era of globalization as evidenced by the increasing number of coffee shops that are easily found in various places. One of them is the Lewo Factory Coffee Shop (Lemah Jowo) which has a unique and distinctive feature by selling coffee drinks from coffee plantations in Indonesia. However, there are several factors that influence the decline in purchasing decisions, such as digital marketing, product innovation and brand image. This study aims to determine the effect of digital marketing, product innovation and brand image on purchasing decisions for Lewo Factory Coffee Shop. The sample of this research is the consumers of the Lewo Factory Coffee Shop. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling with 70 respondents obtained by distributing questionnaires through google form. The data obtain ed using descriptive analysis with the PLS (Partial Least Square) application. The results of this study prove that the influence of digital marketing, product innovation and brand image has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions at the Coffee Shop Factory Lewo Surabaya.
 Keywords: Brand Image, Digital Marketing, Product Innovation, Buying Decision.

Investigating forms of graduate capital and their relationship to perceived employability: an application of PLS predict and IPMA

PurposeThe study aims to assess the relationship between cultural capital, human capital, psychological capital, social capital and perceived employability of management graduates.Design/methodology/approachThe data was analysed through variance based partial least square (PLS) structural equation modelling on 505 management students by an online questionnaire. The predictive relevance of perceived employability was investigated with PLS predict approach. Further, importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) was applied to assess important and performing dimensions of perceived employability.FindingsThe results indicate that social capital was found to be the strongest predictor of graduates' perceived employability. The proposed conceptual model was found to have a moderate to high predictive relevance. IPMA results suggested that investment in psychological capital leads to higher return in perceived employability of management graduates.Research limitations/implicationsData was collected using purposive sampling and confined to university students only.Practical implicationsFindings of the study provide empirical inferences in support of human capital, social capital and social cognitive theory. Practical implications offer important inputs to policy makers, higher educational institutes, career counsellors and universities.Originality/valueThis study provides novel inputs by a comprehensive model of graduate capital to determine and predict perceived employability of graduates in emerging economy like India.

Top Management Support, Knowledge of Accounting Employee, Use of Information Technology on The Quality of Accounting Information System (AIS)

Purpose: This study aim for testing the effect of Top Management Support, Knowledge of Accounting Employee, Use of Information Technology on the Quality of Accounting Information System (AIS).
 Design/ methodology / approach: This research is an associative quantitative research. The data used in this research is secondary data; previous research book and journals references and primary data; questionnaire spreaded to respondents. Technique of collecting data in this study was using the survey method with 145 respondents who were tested with the PLS (Partial Least Square) application.
 Findings: The results of this study indicate that Top Management Support and the use of information technology have a positive and significant effect on the quality of Accounting Information System, while the knowledge of Accounting Employee has a positive but not significant effect on the quality of Accounting Information System.
 Research limitations/implications: The questionnaires was distributed only to financial institutions. However, the distribution of this questionnaire was only limited to the recipients of the letter ( receptionist ) from the financial institutions due to the Covid-19 pandemic and it is possible that the respondents did not understand the contents of the questionnaire given the lack of explanation and understanding provided by the researcher. In addition, limited number of samples and didn’t fulfill the representation of all regions in Indonesia.
 Originality/value: The Paper is Original
 Paper Type: Research paper

Work Motivation: Intervening Variables from Multiple Role Conflicts and Job Stress to Women's Employee Performance: Case Study at Elizabeth Hospital Situbondo

Background: The hospital is an organization engaged in health services. One of its efforts is to support service referrals from First Level Health Facilities (FKTP) such as puskesmas, clinics, or independent practice doctors. For this reason, as a referral center for health services, hospital services must always maintain the quality of their services to provide quality services and ensure patient safety in hospitals. Married female employees tend to experience fatigue both physically and psychologically due to additional roles that require a woman to be able to take care of her family after returning from office activities. The factors that influence stress are: work overload, responsibility for others, career development, lack of group cohesion, inadequate group support, organizational structure and climate, task characteristics and leadership influence Materials and Methods: The type of research used in this research is explanatory research, namely research that explains the broad relationship of things that influence or cause and effect relationships between independent variables and dependent variables through hypothesis testing. The location used in this study is Elizabeth Hospital, which is located on Jalan WR Supratman no 2 Situbondo. The number of samples in the study has been taken using the total sampling method. The researcher uses a sampling technique where the number of samples is the same as the total population, namely 74 people. The data analysis method used in this study is PLS (Partial Least Square) using the Smart PLS application program. PLS is not based on many assumptions or conditions, such as normality and multi-collinearity tests. Therefore, this method has its own advantages, among others. For example, it can be used to overcome the problem of the relationship between complex variables, but the data sample size is small. Smart PLS 3.0 software was used for data analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: Multiple role conflicts have an effect but not significantly on the performance of female employees at Elizabeth Situbondo Hospital. Work stress has an effect but is not significant on the decrease in the performance of female employees at Elizabeth Hospital. Motivation significantly affects the performance of female employees at Elizabeth Hospital. Multiple role conflict significantly affects performance through work motivation as an intervening variable. Work stress significantly affects performance through work motivation as an intervening variable. Conclusion: All independent variables affect the dependent variable but are not significant. At the same time, motivation can be an intervening variable on the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.

The Influence of Leadership Style, Work Incentives and Work Motivation on the Employees Performance of Regional Revenue Agency

Employee performance is something that needs to get the attention of an organization in order to achieve the goals that have been proclaimed. This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, work incentives and work motivation on employee performance at the Banyuwangi Regency Revenue Agency. The population in this study were employees of the Banyuwangi Regency Regional Revenue Agency, which totaled 101 employees. The sampling method used is a saturated sampling technique or census. The measuring instrument in the form of a questionnaire was used to conduct this research. Validity test and reliability test are used to test whether the measuring instrument is feasible to use or not. The data analysis method in this study uses PLS (Partial Least Square) using the Smart PLS application program. The results of the statistical test of this study state that leadership style has a significant effect on employee performance. Work incentives have a significant effect on employee performance. Work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance.

Simultaneous determination of additive concentration in rubber using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy

Using attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for direct quantitative analysis is highly desirable for many sample systems due to advantages such as rapid spectra collection and being completely non-destructive. However, for many complex sample matrices the feasibility of direct quantitative analysis using ATR-FTIR is uncertain. The commonly used Beer–Lambert law may not be applicable for many systems in general, besides sample related complexities such as inhomogeneity, variable optical properties, or heavily overlapping absorption bands. In this study, we consider fully formulated vulcanized rubber with carbon black or silica as the primary filler as our system of interest. We developed a method to simultaneously quantify the concentration of three different antidegradents of similar chemical structure directly on rubber samples using ATR-FTIR spectra. Results show that absorbance follows the Beer–Lambert law well for the range of antidegradent concentrations considered. Despite this, a direct application of the Beer–Lambert law to deconvolute overlapping peaks between antidegradents proved insufficient. Through the application of partial least squares (PLS) multivariate analysis, remarkable prediction accuracy of within about 0.15 wt% error for all three antidegradents was achieved for both types of rubber formulations, even with high levels of carbon black. These results show the value this method has for quantitative analysis of additives in rubber. Our investigation highlights the potential usefulness of FTIR spectroscopy in general for rapid quantitative analysis directly on samples of interest without any prior chemical separation.

Monitoring Worker Exposure to Respirable Crystalline Silica: Application for Data-driven Predictive Modeling for End-of-Shift Exposure Assessment

In the ever-expanding complexities of the modern-day mining workplace, the continual monitoring of a safe and healthy work environment is a growing challenge. One specific workplace exposure concern is the inhalation of dust containing respirable crystalline silica (RCS) which can lead to silicosis, a potentially fatal lung disease. This is a recognized and regulated health hazard, commonly found in mining. The current methodologies to monitor this type of exposure involve distributed sample collection followed by costly and relatively lengthy follow-up laboratory analysis. To address this concern, we have investigated a data-driven predictive modeling pipeline to predict the amount of silica deposition quickly and accurately on a filter within minutes of sample collection completion. This field-based silica monitoring technique involves the use of small, and easily deployable, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers used for data collection followed by multivariate regression methodologies including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS). Given the complex nature of respirable dust mixtures, there is an increasing need to account for multiple variables quickly and efficiently during analysis. This analysis consists of several quality control steps including data normalization, PCA and PLS outlier detection, as well as applying correction factors based on the sampler and cassette used for sample collection. While outside the scope of this article to test, these quality control steps will allow for the acceptance of data from many different FTIR instruments and sampling types, thus increasing the overall useability of this method. Additionally, any sample analyzed through the model and validated using a secondary method can be incorporated into the training dataset creating an ever-growing, more robust predictive model. Multivariant predictive modeling has far-reaching implications given its speed, cost, and scalability compared to conventional approaches. This contribution presents the application of PCA and PLS as part of a computational pipeline approach to predict the amount of a deposited mineral of interest using FTIR data. For this specific application, we have developed the model to analyze RCS, although this process can be implemented in the analysis of any IR-active mineral, and this pipeline applied to any FTIR data.

PENGARUH GROWTH OPPORTUNITY , INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, ROA DAN LEVERAGE PADA FIRM VALUE

This study aims to test and analyze empirically the effect of Growth Opportunity, Intellectual Capital, ROA and leverage on Firm Value. This research was conducted by making observations in manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. In this study, hypothesis testing uses PLS (Partial Least Square) application tools 3.3. The results of this study indicate that if Growth Opportunity, ROA and Leverage affect the firm value while the firm value cannot be influenced by the Intellectual Capital variable.

Hubungan antara belanja pemerintah, tingkat kemiskinan, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah otonomi baru di Provinsi Lampung

The application of Partial Least Square (PLS) for causal modeling has been widely used in many fields of study, especially in economics. This paper will use PLS analysis to be applied to a model testing the relationship between variables: government spending, poverty level, and economic growth. The results of the analysis show that there is an indirect effect of education (education spending) on ​​poverty of -0.509 and health spending on poverty with an effect of -0.510, parameter estimates and significant significance; There is an effect of total poverty on GRDP of -0.983, with a very significant and significant parameter estimate. Applications, it is urgency to build an analysis to find out how the relationship between government spending, poverty levels, and economic growth. This analysis will help better understand how government budget allocations can affect poverty levels, so far poverty levels ultimately affect economic growth in new autonomous regions in Lampung.