Application Of Modern Methodologies Research Articles

Integration of epidemiological findings with mechanistic evidence in regulatory pesticide risk assessment: EFSA experiences.

Toxicological risk assessment of plant protection products (PPP) is currently carried out with the principal input from regulatory toxicology studies following OECD test guidelines, with little input from epidemiological data. An EFSA-commissioned systematic review of pesticide epidemiological studies (Ntzani et al. in Literature review on epidemiological studies linking exposure to pesticides and health effects. EFSA supporting publication 2013:EN-497, 2013) revealed statistically significant associations, among others, between pesticide exposures, and Parkinson's disease and childhood leukemia. Thereafter, EFSA launched a project with a mandate for the plant protection products and their residues (PPR) Panel to set the ground for the use of epidemiological data in the risk assessment of pesticides, as requested by Regulation (EC) 1107/2009. The project culminated with the publication of two EFSA's scientific opinions on the potential contribution of experimental investigations and epidemiological studies in PPP risk assessment and with the scientific conference held on 20 November 2017, in Parma, Italy. The application of modern methodologies in exposure assessment, toxicology and epidemiology would improve the pesticide risk assessment process and support a mechanistic shift for the integration of these three disciplines under a novel paradigm in risk assessment. The application of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) conceptual framework to this approach would contribute to gain insight into the biological plausibility of a hazard identified in epidemiological or experimental studies and would inform an Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA) within a regulatory context.

Modern approaches to teaching bioorganic and biological chemistry in medical universities

The application of modern methodology and techniques (methods of brainstorming, discussions, roundtables, videos demonstrations, biochemical experiments, etc.) during practical classes for getting integrated and professional competences during studying of bioorganic and biological chemistry in higher medical educational establishments, was examined.

Методика комплаенс в сфере туризма и сервиса

The article deals with the application of modern methodology and technology risk management — compliance in the field of tourism and service, and the focus is not only on its advice functions, but also on the control functions when effective supervision is exercised over the implementation of laws and regulatory policies and procedures for an organization. It is shown that compliance mechanisms have an integrated methodology and consist of of three interrelated components: "identification" (risk identification), "prevention" (risk control) and "response" (effective purposeful actions in specific situations). Provided are basic definitions in compliance, characterized its standard policies, principles and interactions between the basic functional blocks of the system of compliance. It is shown that compliance is a complex of real-world measures to protect the business and its shareholders, on the one hand, from the external impact of corruption (corruption of the environment), and on the other —from abuse (internal corruption) and inefficient management of the organization on the part of its management. Particular attention is paid to compliance audit, whose main purpose is to prevent violations of the law in the accumulation and use of funds of organizations of any form of properly and corruption in relation to civil servants and officials of any organization. The advantages of the introduction of compliance in tourism and recreation and service areas are shown in three hierarchically related levels: increasing the value of the company and its investment attractiveness; curbing abuse and organizing synergistic positive effects of the company; monitoring, risk prevention for the development of the company. The article outlines the main provisions of the agreement on cooperation between the National Association for Comliance and RSUTS, in particular concerning training, retraining and advanced training in the field of compliance management in tourism and service.

The relationship between phonological and geographical distance. Umlaut on the diminutive in Dutch dialects

Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in the application of modern methodology to the study of geographic language variation. One instance of this, applied to the Dutch language area, is the topic of dialectometry. It seems fair to say that the measurements in most dialectometrical projects are fairly superficial from a grammatical point of view. In this article, we propose a view of dialect distance which is radically different both in its methodology and in its goals. We present a view in which the distances between grammars are computed rather than the differences between words or constructions, which we view as products of the grammars. In particular, we consider the phenomenon of umlaut in diminutive forms. Umlaut, a phenomenon in which back vowels become front in certain morphological contexts, is virtually absent in the western parts of the Dutch speaking area, but fully productive in many parts of the east. We show how this east-west transition can be elegantly described as a gradual change in grammars

The Influence of the Information Systems Development Approach on Maintenance

This is an exploratory field study that examines the influence of selected system development methodologies on maintenance time. A number of factors related to the early stages of information systems development and to information systems maintenance were investigated: development methodology, maintenance time and its allocation, number of users, their understanding and involvement, system documentation, software quality, system characteristics, project controllability, system size and age, organization of the maintenance function, use of tools, ability of personnel, stability of organization, and others. The survey findings do not support the proposition that the application of modern information systems development methodology decreases maintenance time. However, some benefits are identified. Time spent on emergency error correction, as well as the number of system failures, decreased significantly with the application of modern methodology. Systems developed with modern methodologies seem to facilitate making greater changes in functionality as the systems age.

ChemInform Abstract: The Application of Modern Methodology of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on Systems for the Separation of Materials and Catalysis

ChemInform Abstract: The Application of Modern Methodology of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on Systems for the Separation of Materials and Catalysis

INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS AND CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL SCIENCE: DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATIVE TYPOLOGY

Advanced methodological and analytical techniques have been applied by now to most of the subfields of political science. Even Professor Herson's lost world of municipal government' has been reclaimed by the application of modern methodologies to the politics of state and local government.2 One subfield which has not received the professional attention it deserves is intergovernmental relations.3 In the growing intensity of professional interest in teaching and research involving state and local affairs, intergovernmental relations remains largely untouched-a kind of methodological Cinderella after