Application Of Micronutrients Research Articles

Enhancing Wheat Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency under Deficit Irrigation by Integrating Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Nutrients at Critical Growth Stages

Transitioning from full to deficit irrigation (DI) has become a key strategy in arid regions to combat water scarcity and enhance irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). However, implementing DI requires additional approaches to counter its negative effects on wheat production. One effective approach is the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA), micronutrients (Mic; zinc and manganese), and macronutrients (Mac; nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). However, there is a lack of knowledge on the optimal combinations and timing of foliar application for these components to maximize their benefits under arid conditions, which is the primary focus of this study. A two-year field study was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of SA alone and in combination with Mic (SA + Mic) or Mic and Mac (SA + Mic + Mac) at various critical growth stages on wheat growth, physiology, productivity, and IWUE under DI conditions. Our result demonstrated that the foliar application of different components, the timing of application, and their interaction had significant effects on all investigated wheat parameters with few exceptions. Applying different components through foliar application at multiple growth stages, such as tillering and heading or tillering, heading, and grain filling, led to significant enhancements in various wheat parameters. The improvements ranged from 7.7% to 23.2% for growth parameters, 8.7% to 24.0% for physiological traits, 1.4% to 21.0% for yield and yield components, and 14.8% to 19.0% for IWUE compared to applying the components only at the tillering stage. Plants treated with different components (SA, Mic, Mac) exhibited enhanced growth, production, and IWUE in wheat compared to untreated plants. The most effective treatment was SA + Mic, followed by SA alone and SA + Mic + Mac. The foliar application of SA, SA + Mic, and SA + Mic + Mac improved growth parameters by 1.2–50.8%, 2.7–54.6%, and 2.5–43.9%, respectively. Yield parameters were also enhanced by 1.3–33.0%, 2.4–37.2%, and 3.0–26.6% while IWUE increased by 28.6%, 33.0%, and 18.5% compared to untreated plants. A heatmap analysis revealed that the foliar application of SA + Mic at multiple growth stages resulted in the highest values for all parameters, followed by SA alone and SA + Mic + Mac applications at multiple growth stages. The lowest values were observed in untreated plants and with the foliar application of different components only at the tillering stage. Thus, this study suggested that the foliar application of SA + Mic at various growth stages can help sustain wheat production in arid regions with limited water resources.

Foliar Application of Seaweed Extract and Micronutrients on Plant Growth and Yield of Strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch) CV. Winter Dawn

The review summarizes the findings from recent studies, assessing the impact of foliar application of seaweed extracts and micronutrients on strawberry plants. Improvements in growth parameters, nutrient uptake, TSS, and yield attributes were observed. The study also determines whether adding seaweed extracts and micronutrients to strawberry growth methods can improve plant performance in general and fruit yield in particular. Minerals, amino acids, and plant growth regulators are among the bioactive substances found in seaweed extracts that have been shown to have a positive impact on a number of plant physiological functions. Furthermore, vitamin shortages might result in decreased growth and yield because they are essential to the plant's metabolic processes. The combination of micronutrients and seaweed extract has synergistic effects that offer a promising way to boost the general health and yield of strawberry crops.

Agronomic biofortification of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) through iron and boron under varying seedling densities

Agronomic biofortification of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) through iron and boron under varying seedling densities

Growth Attributes of Maize (Zea Mays L) Crop and Nutrient Uptake as impacted by Sulphur and Micronutrients Application

Maize, also known as the "queen of cereals," is a highly nutritious crop that requires a significant amount of nutrients to grow. It is particularly sensitive to deficiency of sulphur. It plays a significant role in the synthesis of chlorophyll, oil, and protein. A field experiment was conducted at Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilizers Limited in Mumbai, Maharashtra, during the Kharif season 2023, to assess the impact of elemental sulphur application and foliar spray of multi micronutrient on maize plant growth and uptake of nutrients by maize as well as the post-harvest status of soil. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments that were replicated six times each. T1 is the absolute control, T2 is 100% RDF, T3 is the RDF NPK with 45 kg/ha of elemental S, T4 is the RDF NPK with 45 kg/ha coupled with foliar spray of multi micronutrient, and T5 is the RDF NPK with foliar spray of multi micronutrient. The results indicated that application of 45 kg of S per hectare, in combination with a foliar spray of multi micronutrients, resulted in remarkable growth parameters of maize crops. These included plant height, cob height, yield (in kg/ha), dry weight per plant and also the uptake of essential nutrients. This was markedly higher when compared to the other treatments. Except 100 grain weight which was at par with other treatments. While girth of cob and protein content were found non-significant. The study reports suggest that the combined use of S and multimicronutrient in maize crop positively impact the uptake of nutrients and growth attributes.

Effect of Micronutrient Application on Growth, Yield and Quality of Green Gram Growing Iron and Zinc Deficient Soils of Renapur Tahsil, Latur

The present investigation entitled “Effect of micronutrient application in green gram growing iron and zinc deficient soils of Renapur Tahsil, Latur” during Kharif season of the year, 2022-2023 at A Field experiment was conducted at farmers field At. Post-Dawangaon Tq-Renapur Dist- Latur. The experiment was layout in RBD with three replications and a recommended variety of green gram BM 2003-2 as a test crop along with ten treatments. Among the various treatments the application of RDF + 25 kg ha-1 FeSO4 + 25 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 (T7) significantly increased the growth parameters viz., highest plant height (52.19 cm at 60 DAS), number of branches(10.64 at 60 DAS), leaf area (540.67 cm2 plant-1at 60 DAS), dry matter content (9.54 g plant-1 at 60 DAS), total chlorophyll content (9.93 mg g-1 at 45 DAS) and number of nodules per plant (19.70), Yield parameters viz., higher number of pods plant-1(15.43), number of grains pod-1(11.88), seed yield kg ha-1 (1575.46) and straw yield kg ha-1 (1864.68) at harvest and the improvement in quality parameters i.e. test weight (35.23 g), protein content (22.37 %) and protein yield kg ha-1 (347.27) at harvest and was found at par with treatments T4 (RDF + S.A. Grade- I micro-nutrient @ 25 kg ha-1 + F.A. Grade- II micro-nutrient @ 0.5 % at 25 and 40 DAS) and treatment T2 (RDF + S.A. Grade- I micro-nutrient @ 25 kg ha-1).

Responses of Canola Cultivars to Application of Micronutrients upon Late-season Drought Stress

ABSTRACT There are different climate classes in Iran where about 85% of the agricultural lands are located in arid and semi-arid regions. To mitigate or compensate effects of drought stress and increase crop fitting and yield, effects of micronutrient application have been studied by several researchers. Field experiments were conducted during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 crop seasons to investigate the effect of micronutrients on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of canola cultivars under late-season drought stress conditions. The experiments were arranged in a factorial split-plot design, with two irrigation treatments – normal irrigation (control) or restricted irrigation at flowering stage – and four foliar applications of Zn and Mn after rosette stage (F1: Water, F2: ZnSO4, F3: MnSO4 and F4: ZnSO4 + MnSO4) as the main factor. Winter canola cultivars, including Okapy, Hyola401 and Hyola308, as sub-factor. The results showed that limited irrigation at flowering reduced seed yield, oil percentage and fatty acids content in different canola cultivars. Most of the canola oil is composed of unsaturated fatty acids, and the occurrence of drought stress at the reproductive stage reduced oil quality. By contrast, the minimum yield loss was obtained from Hylon401 cultivar, an early mature cultivar. Overall, it is recommended Hylon401 cultivar for normal irrigation and Hylon308 cultivar for a drought environment when considered the acceptable seed yield in canola. In general, it is suggested that a suitable performance of canola seeds is achieved by foliar application of manganese and zinc.

Seed Coating Treatments and Foliar Spray of Micronutrients Enhance Quality of Harvested Seeds in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

To study the effect of different seed coating treatments and foliar application of micronutrients on quality seed production in pea, analysis of harvested seed was done at laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Seeds from field experiment were harvested and were evaluated in the laboratory conditions based on the different parameters. In field experiment, there were seven different treatments comprising, seed coating with Rhizobium, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, iron, zinc, carbendazim along with control and foliar application of micronutrients. From the investigation, it was observed that seed coating with Rhizobium @ 30 g + PSB @ 30 ml kg-1 seed and two foliar sprays of ZnSO4 @ 0.3 % + FeSO4 @ 0.3 % at 50 per cent flowering and 15 days later, significantly improved the germination (96.00 %), seedling length (19.29 cm), seedling dry weight (34.80 mg), SVI-I (1851.62), SVI-II (3341.38), germination in accelerated ageing test and in cold test (77.75 % and 80 %, respectively) and resulted in the lowest EC (16.75 μS cm-1) of harvested seeds. Hence, it was concluded that seed coating with Rhizobium @ 30 g + PSB @ 30 ml kg-1 seed and two foliar sprays of ZnSO4 @ 0.3 % + FeSO4 @ 0.3 % performed best among all the treatments tested for quality seed production and it could be recommended for getting quality seeds in garden pea.

Effect of Sulphur and Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

A field experiment was conducted at village Raita, Taluka Kalyan, District Thane during Rabi 2023 on peanut crop (Arachis hypogaea L) in a medium black calcareous slightly alkaline soil. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of elemental Sulphur application at the rate of 60 kg/ha along with a foliar spray of micronutrients (Cu 1.0%, Zn 3.0%, Mn 1.0%, Fe 2.5%, B 0.5%, Mo 0.1%). The trial used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments that were replicated five times each. T1 is the control, T2 is 100% RDF, or the recommended NPK 25:50:30 alone, T3 is the recommended NPK with 60 kg/ha of elemental S, T4 is the recommended NPK with 60 kg/ha coupled with foliar micronutrient spray, and T5 is the recommended NPK with foliar micronutrient spray. The yield and its attributes were significantly influenced when elemental Sulphur and foliar spray of micronutrients were applied. Plant height, number of pods/plant, and peanut seed output were significantly improved with the application of the prescribed fertilizer dose, 60 kg/ha of elemental sulphur, and a foliar spray of micronutrients (T4). The maximum plant height (56.1 cm), number of pods/plant (35.6), weight of pods/plant (92.1gm), weight of pod (1798.8 kg/ha), Haulm yield (2761.7 kg/ha), Dry weigh/plant (36.60gm), 100 seed weight (44.3gm) were all substantially greater in treatment (T4), Sulphur application of 60kg/ha significantly increased the content and uptake of primary nutrients and micronutrients by the plants at the harvested stage, as well showed a profound effect on soil physico-chemical properties.

Guidelines for clinical application of micronutrients in Chinese adult patients (2024 edition)

Micronutrients, including trace elements and vitamins, are essential nutrients in human metabolism. The majority of patients who need nutritional therapy have different levels of micronutrient deficiency for various reasons, which can lead to disease progression and affect clinical outcomes. In order to further standardize the application of micronutrients in medical nutrition therapy, nearly 100 experts in related fields were organized by the Chinese Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (CSPEN) to elaborate on the role and dosage of micronutrients based on the existing evidence-based medical evidence in common clinical conditions such as severe illness, surgery, burns, inflammatory bowel disease, short bowel disease, malignant tumors, chronic liver and kidney disease, elderly comorbidity, weight loss and chronic infection. Finally, 13 questions and 30 recommendations were put forward to provide reference for clinical standard application of parenteral and enteral nutrition in adult patients.

Influence of Organic Manures and Foliar Application of Arka Citrus Special on the Growth of Buddlings of Sweet Orange

In India, citrus fruits rank third in area and production after Mango and Banana. A study was conducted at the Horticultural Research Station (HRS) Konda Mallepally, Nalgonda district during Rabi, November 2022 - April 2023. The study aimed to test the effects of organic manures and foliar application of Arka Citrus Special on the growth of sweet orange cv. Sathgudi buddlings. The experiment included fourteen treatments with three replications in RBD. It comprised three types of organic manures (FYM, Vermicompost, Neem cake) and Arka Citrus Special (micronutrient formulation). The application of organic manures and micronutrients showed significant differences in plant height (cm), number of leaves, and leaf area (cm2). During 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of observations, the maximum plant height (26.99 cm), stem diameter (1.23 mm), number of leaves (26.00), girth of the plant (19.5 mm), leaf area (11.70 cm2), internodal length (0.260 cm), absolute growth rate (0.42 cm /day) and relative growth rate (0.10 cm /cm /day).

Maximizing Fruit Quality and Production of Mango cv Dashehari: The Impact of Micronutrient Treatments

Background: The research aims to enhance fruit quality and production of the Dashehari mango variety through micronutrient treatments in Rajasthan, India. Micronutrients play a crucial role in plant growth and development and their deficiency can lead to suboptimal yields and reduced fruit quality. This study seeks to investigate the effects of micronutrient application on mango trees, particularly focusing on the Dashehari variety, to improve both the quantity and quality of mango production. By understanding the impact of micronutrient treatments, the research aims to provide valuable insights into sustainable agricultural practices that can optimize mango cultivation and contribute to increased agricultural productivity. Methods: The research administered borax, ferrous sulphate and zinc sulphate to soil and trees in 10 treatments. The soil of an 18-year-old mango variety named Dashehari was treated in the first week of October with foliar sprays throughout the flower bud initiation, full bloom and pea stage initiation stages. A three-replication randomized block design was employed for the investigation. Result: The results show that the treatment known as “T9”-Application of borax to the soil in the amount of 125 grams, followed by the application of borax to the foliar in the amount of 0.2 per cent-produced the highest quality and quantity of mango fruit. Additionally, treatments of soil application of ZnSO4 per tree 125 g, followed by foliar application of ZnSO4 0.4% and soil application of FeSO4 per tree 125 g, followed by foliar application of FeSO4 0.4%, also showed promising results.

Comparative analysis of exogenously applied synthetic auxins and micronutrients for effective management of fruit drop and quality improvement in subtropical Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)

Foliar application of plant growth regulators and micronutrients is a rapid uptake strategy of plant-feeding directly through leaves irrespective of soil condition. This experiment was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of synthetic auxins and micronutrients on subtropical Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) fruit yield and quality. The experiment was performed in a plum orchard based on a completely randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. The foliar treatments included NAA 15 ppm, NAA 15 ppm + urea 2%, 2,4-D 10 ppm, 2,4-D 10 ppm + urea 2%, borax 0.50%, borax 0.50% + urea 2%, ZnSO4 0.50%, ZnSO4 0.50% + urea 2%, and control (sprayed with distilled water) applied as a two spray in 15 days interval after fruit set. Foliar application of NAA 15 ppm + urea 2% led to least fruit drop followed by highest fruit yield. The fruit physicochemical attributes including fruit length and diameter, fruit weight, pulp weight, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, sugars, and ascorbic acid were also significantly improved by foliar spray of NAA 15 ppm + urea 2%. However, all the treatments were ineffective in improving anthocyanin and total phenol content of ‘Satluj Purple’ plum. The results further revealed that reduced fruit drop followed by highest fruit yield with foliar application of NAA 15 ppm + urea 2% was associated with reduced activity of cell wall degrading enzymes viz., cellulase and polygalacturonase at abscission zone.

Response of Boro Rice (cv. BRRI dhan89) Yield to Foliar Application of Micronutrients

Insufficient management of nutrients poses a significant obstacle to achieving sustainable rice production in tropical climates. To address this challenge, an investigation was conducted to find the potential impact of micronutrients on enhancing the yield of Boro rice through foliar application. The study was structured using a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Field trials were conducted with three micronutrients (Boron, Zinc and Copper) and involved seven treatments, namely control (NPK), NPK + Zinc, NPK + Boron, NPK + Zinc + Boron, NPK + Zinc + Copper, NPK + Boron + Copper, and NPK + Zinc + Boron + Copper. The addition of zinc, boron and copper led to a notable enhancement in the factors contributing to yield. The maximum number of total tillers hill-1 (11.29), effective tillers hill-1 (10.09), panicle length (24.69), grain panicle-1 (138.36), grain yield (5.43 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.22 t ha-1) was resulted when NPK + Zinc + Boron + Copper applied together. The least grain yield (3.64 t ha-1) was produced in control (NPK) owing to lower number of effective tillers hill-1 (7.46), lower number of grain panicle-1 (118.46) and higher number of sterile spikelet panicle-1 (25.46). The findings suggested that the appliance of NPK combined with Zn, B and Cu yielded superior in BRRI dhan89.

Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on summer mungbean varieties on alluvial soil of West Bengal

A field experiment was carried out during the summer seasons of 2020 and 2021 at Jaguli Instructional Farm, BCKV, Nadia (West Bengal), in the Gangetic alluvial soil, to assess the effect of varieties and micronutrient foliar spray on growth parameters, yield components, yield and economics of mungbean. Results revealed that different varieties significantly promoted growth parameters and variety Meha was found to be superior. Growth parameters was significantly higher under molybdenum foliar spray over other micronutrients foliar spray. The maximum number of pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod and test weight were found in plants receiving sodium molybdenum foliar spray at 0.05%. Maximum seed yield and stover yield were also recorded in the same treatment where 0.05% sodium molybdenum spraying was done at pre flowering and pod development stage. Variety showed significant variation in pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod and test weight and were maximum in variety Meha. Both seed and stover yield were highest in case of variety Meha over others. The gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio were maximum in Meha variety with foliar application of sodium molybdenum. Hence, variety Meha with foliar spray of molybdenum could be more effective in augmenting mungbean growth, yield and economics in the Gangetic plains of West Bengal in the summer season.

Nutri-fortification of grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) through soil and foliar application of micronutrients

Nutri-fortification of grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) through soil and foliar application of micronutrients

The impact of micronutrient application on turmeric crop yield and quality characteristics

The impact of micronutrient application on turmeric crop yield and quality characteristics

Effect of salinity stress and surfactant treatment with zinc and boron on morpho-physiological and biochemical indices of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Micronutrient application has a crucial role in mitigating salinity stress in crop plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) as foliar applications on fenugreek growth and physiology under salt stress (0 and 120 mM). After 35 days of salt treatments, three levels of zinc (0, 50, and 100 ppm) and two levels of boron (0 and 2 ppm) were applied as a foliar application. Salinity significantly reduced root length (72.7%) and shoot length (33.9%), plant height (36%), leaf area (37%), root fresh weight (48%) and shoot fresh weight (75%), root dry weight (80%) and shoot dry weight (67%), photosynthetic pigments (78%), number of branches (50%), and seeds per pod (56%). Fenugreek’s growth and physiology were improved by foliar spray of zinc and boron, which increased the length of the shoot (6%) and root length (2%), fresh root weight (18%), and dry root weight (8%), and chlorophyll a (1%), chlorophyll b (25%), total soluble protein content (3%), shoot calcium (9%) and potassium (5%) contents by significantly decreasing sodium ion (11%) content. Moreover, 100 ppm of Zn and 2 ppm of B enhanced the growth and physiology of fenugreek by reducing the effect of salt stress. Overall, boron and zinc foliar spray is suggested for improvement in fenugreek growth under salinity stress.

Foliar Application of Seaweed Extract and Micronutrients on Plant Growth and Yield of Strawberry (Fragaria X Annanassa Duch) CV. Winter Dawn: A Review

The study investigates the potential benefits of integrating seaweed extracts and micronutrients into the cultivation practices of strawberries to enhance overall plant performance and fruit production. Seaweed extracts are known to contain bioactive compounds, including plant growth regulators, amino acids, and minerals, which have been reported to positively influence various physiological processes in plants. Additionally, micronutrients play a crucial role in the plant's metabolic activities, and deficiencies can lead to reduced growth and yield. The synergistic effects of seaweed extract and micronutrients present an intriguing avenue for improving the overall health and productivity of strawberry crops. The review summarizes the findings from recent studies, assessing the impact of foliar application of seaweed extracts and micronutrients on strawberry plants. Improvements in growth parameters, nutrient uptake, and yield attributes were observed. Furthermore, the review concluded the potential use of various seaweed extract and micronutrients in strawberry cultivation for significant advantages.

Some Micronutrient Applications in Hulles Barley Varieties Effects on Yield and Quality Characteristics

Bu araştırma; 2021-2022 üretim sezonunda, Tesadüf Blokları Deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak Ankara koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada tescilli Yalın, Özen ve Osvit kavuzsuz arpa çeşitleri kullanılarak bu çeşitlerin verim ve kalite özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ekimle birlikte 2.3 kg saf N ve 6 kg P2O5 (13 kg/da DAP) ve sapa kalkma devresinden önce dekara yaklaşık 6 kg saf N kullanılmış ve süt olum döneminden önce yapraktan mikro element (demir ve çinko) uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme; ana parsellere çeşitler, alt parsellere mikro besin maddesi uygulamaları gelecek şekilde planlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre bin tane ağırlığı ve başakta tane ağırlığı bakımından Yalın çeşidi sırası ile 49,53 ve 1,53 gram ile demir uygulamasına en iyi tepkiyi vermiştir. Protein oranı yönünden ise Osvit çeşidi çinko uygulamasına %16,48 ile en yüksek tepkiyi veren çeşit olarak belirlenmiştir. Verim yönünden ise çinko+demir uygulaması ile 405 kg/da verim elde edilen Özen çeşidi ilk sırada yer almıştır. Kavuzsuz arpanın kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması amacıyla mikro besin elementi uygulamasının verim ve kalite üzerinde etkili olduğu söylenebilir.

Inoculant and fertilizer effects on lentil in the US northern Great Plains

AbstractLentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) is an important crop, averaging over 250,000 ha in Montana and North Dakota during 2016–2021. However, relatively little is known about rhizobial inoculant and fertility response in lentil in the US northern Great Plains. The objective was to evaluate the effect of rhizobial inoculant formulations (seed coat and in‐furrow) and nutrient additions (potassium [K], sulfur [S], and micronutrients) on lentil yield and seed protein concentration. This study was conducted at seven university research centers in Montana and North Dakota from 2019 to 2021, resulting in 20 location‐years of data. In six of 20 experiments, inoculant application increased seed yield by an average of 36% (323 kg ha−1, p ≤ 0.05) but had no consistent effect on seed protein concentration. Lentil or pea crop history among locations did not explain inoculant response. Inoculant formulations (seed coat vs. in‐furrow) and K fertilizer had inconsistent and small effects on seed yield and protein concentration. However, S fertilizer (5.6 kg S ha−1) increased seed yield in four of 20 experiments (p ≤ 0.02) by an average of 14.5% (255 kg ha−1) in those experiments and decreased seed yield for one experiment (p = 0.05) by 5.8% (153 kg ha−1). Pre‐plant SO4‐S soil test levels did not predict lentil response to S fertilizer. Micronutrient application was assessed in 12 location‐years but had no effect on lentil yield or protein concentration. This research suggests a need to better understand what factors control lentil yield and protein response to rhizobial inoculant and S fertilization.