Packed bed latent heat thermal energy storage (PBTES) is a promising technology for storing thermal energy with a relatively compact size and smaller temperature variation during phase change. In this study, a lab-scale low-cost PBTES with cylindrical shape encapsulation of phase change material (PCM) is designed and fabricated for evaluating the charging-alone and discharging-alone thermal performance for medium-temperature range (200–350 °C) latent heat storage applications. Air is used as a heat transfer fluid (HTF), and solar salt is employed as a PCM. A new numerical model incorporating shrinkage and expansion of PCM during phase change is developed by considering the packed bed as the porous medium and the melt fraction-based density variation of PCM to model the transport and solid-liquid phase change phenomena in the PBTES. The numerical model is validated with the in-house experimental results. The maximum thermal charging efficiency is found to be 67.1 % for the mass flow rate of 4.3 g/s and a maximum charging inlet air temperature of 360.9 °C. The maximum discharging efficiency of 86.1 % is obtained for the mass flow rate of 4.3 g/s and discharging inlet air temperature of 35 °C. It is found that the expansion and shrinkage effects are prominent during the phase change of PCM during the charging and discharging operations of the PBTES.