Application Of Intervention Program Research Articles

Application of Prone Position for Patient with Corona Virus Disease: An Interventional Program for Nursing Staff

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID19) epidemics began in Wuhan, China, in December and have since grown into a serious public health challenge for not only China but also countries around the world. Supportive therapy with advanced hypoxemic respiratory failure management has been demonstrated to improve oxygenation in COVID-19 patients, and the prone position has been proven to improve oxygenation in COVID-19 patients Aims of the study: Assessment of nurses' knowledge toward application of prone position for patient with corona virus, and Assessment of an effectiveness of Educational program on nurses' knowledge toward application of prone position for patient with corona virus Methodology: Pre-experimental study design was used with the application of pre and two post-tests approach. The study was carried out in Kut City/Wasit Province, at AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital. A non-probability "purposive" sample had been consisted of (69) nurses were selected from at AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital Results: The results indicate that the nurses at the pre-test are fail at all studied items (M ≤1.66) except, the items number (1 and 21) the responses were fair (M=1.67-2.33). While, after the application of intervention program, nurses expressed significant increased knowledge scores (p< 0.05). Conclusion: There were improving in nurses' knowledge and practices after posttest due to intervention program concerning application of prone position.. Keywords: barriers, nurses, emergency, pediatric, intravenous cannulation.

Effectiveness of an Education Program on Primary School Teachers Knowledge towards T1DM

Background: Schools have an important role to play in ensuring that students with diabetes have the support they need to stay healthy, enjoy the same opportunities for learning and having fun as their peers, and are prepared to do their best in school. Training teachers and education professionals on diabetes is crucial for full-time monitoring of diabetic children in schools. The aims of study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program on teachers knowledge towards management of students with type I diabetes mellitus. Methods: A quasi-experimental study conducted on a group of teachers in the Numaniyah district using the pre and post assessment. Using an purposive sample of 60 teachers divided into two groups of 30 samples for each them. The educational program was conducted on 30 teachers and they were compared to the control group. The reliability of the questionnaire was achieved through a pilot study and then presented to experts to prove its validity. The total number of items included in the questionnaire was 30-items. The data was collected by using the self-report method and analyzed by applying a descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approach. Results: The results of the study indicated that the (70%) of school teachers expressed deficit knowledge, and after the application of intervention program, (66.7%) of school teachers expressed good knowledge. While in the control group for two tests, the teachers' knowledge was poor (86.7% and 76.7%) respectively. There is a no statistical significant difference between intervention and control groups in the pre-test period of measurement (p=0.230). While, there is a highly statistical significant difference between the intervention and control groups at the post-test period of measurement (p=0.000). Conclusions: Training the primary school teacher's staff by the implementation such education program which indeed helps to develop their knowledge. Ministry of Health and Education should try to consider teachers benefits. It should adjust training on managing diabetes at school program’ aims to increase the awareness of the teachers on diabetes. Increase the awareness of childhood diabetes, it is critical to expand the management strategies to every area, other than healthcare institutions, to which children attend. Keywards: Knowledge, Primary School Teachers, T1DM.

Some aspects of reading difficulties in the stage of kindergarten in Arab and foreign studies and ways of treatment: A theoretical study

The present study aimed to identify some of the difficulties of reading in the stage of kindergarten in Arab and foreign studies. In her study, the researcher followed the theoretical approach. The tool was used to collect information from the results of previous studies, which were applied to a sample of kindergarten children. The present study concluded that pre-academic skills (character recognition skills, phonological recognition skills, numeracy skills, color recognition skills, shape recognition skills) are essential skills for predicting reading difficulties in children in the future. The study focused on the results of the study (the skill of recognition of alphabets, and the skill of perception of the phonological), which affects the reading clearly and significantly for teachers, which helps to discover children early at risk of reading. The results of the present study also confirm the relationship between pre-academic skills deficiencies, predicting future reading difficulties for the child, and a close and important correlation between cognitive skill, phonological cognition, and character recognition skills and their impact on subsequent reading. These skills are indicators of reading difficulties later, Training in phonological cognition greatly helps to improve character recognition and reading skills. The researcher recommended preparing teachers for the difficulties of learning the kindergarten stage well, paying attention to the early detection of children with learning disabilities in the kindergarten stage, preparing standardized measures to identify the children who predicted difficulty, In the development and application of intervention programs.

Psychological Burden and Medication Adherence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients

BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which is a combination therapy that uses antiretroviral drugs, represents the only available therapy for combating the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. For Korean patients with HIV, it is difficult to maintain an optimal medication. The HIV- positive Korean patients that suffer from psychological burdens have low levels of medication adherence, which can lead to an increased mortality rate and a deteriorated quality of life.
 
 AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of medication adherence of Korean patients with HIV, and to identify the pathway through which the psychological burden impact medication adherence. 
 
 METHODS: With a sample of 265 HIV-positive patients, the direct and indirect effects of the psychological burden on treatment adherence were estimated with structural equation modeling. 
 
 RESULTS: The variable that had a significant direct effect on medication adherence was self-management (β = .31, p = .002). Psychological burden was found to have a significant impact on medication adherence mediated by self-management (β = -.15, p = .002). 
 
 CONCLUSION: These results revealed that continuous monitoring of patients’ psychological burdens, as well as the development and application of intervention programs focused on psychological support and self-management, are necessary to improve medication adherence.

초등과학부진학생의 기초과학탐구능력 향상을 위한 중재프로그램 개발 -안구운동을 중심으로-

이 연구는 초등과학부진학생들의 기초과학탐구능력을 향상하기 위해 중재프로그램을 개발하고 안구추적기를 활용해 중재프로그램의 효과를 검증하는데 있다. 연구 참여자는 초등과학부진학생 35명이었다. 안구운동추적기는 SMI사의 iView XTM RED로 고정형이고 샘플링 속도는 120 Hz이었다. 실험을 설계하고 분석하기 위해 Experiment 3.4와 BeGaze 3.4 프로그램을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 기초탐구 교수전략, 교사 학생 행동, 교수-학습지도안, 학습 활동지를 포함하여 중재프로그램을 개발하였다. 둘째, 중재프로그램 적용결과 기초과학탐구능력이 향상되었고 전체 문제해결시간이 통계적으로 유의미하게 줄어들었다. 셋째, 기초과학탐구 문제영역과 핵심단어에 대한 평균응시시간이 통계적으로 유의미하게 감소하였다. 넷째, 기초과학탐구문제해결과정에서 동공 크기(pupil diameter)가 통계적으로 유의미하게 확장되었다. 다섯째, 기초과학탐구문제해결과정에서 평균도약시간(average saccade time)은 통계적으로 유의미하게 증가하였다. 여섯째, 문제 단서영역에 대한 평균응시도입시간(average fixation entry time)은 통계적으로 유의미하게 빨라졌고, 평균응시시간은 통계적으로 유의미하게 줄어들었다. The purpose of this study is to develop an intervention program for improvement of elementary science-poor students' Basic Science Process Skill (BSPS) and to validate the intervention program's effectiveness using eye-tracker. The participants of this study were 35 elementary science-poor students. This study's method was the analysis of real-time eye movements during basic science process skill problem solving. SMI's 120 Hz iView XTM RED was used to collect EMD (eye movement data). Experiment 3.4 and BeGaze 3.4 programs were used to design experiment and to analyze EMD. The results of this study are as follows. First, we developed an intervention program including BSPS instructional strategy, behavior of teachers & student according instructional strategy stage, teachinglearning plan and learning note. Second, science poor students' BSPS ability has improved statistically significantly through the application of intervention program and BSPS problem-solving time decreased statistically significantly. Third, AFT (average fixation time) of BSPS Question and keyword area decreased statistically significantly. Fourth, APD (average pupil diameter) of BSPS problem-solving process expanded statistically significantly. Fifth, AST (average saccade time) of BSPS problem-solving process increased statistically significantly. Sixth, AFET (average fixation entry time) of BSPS problem-clue area was accelerated statistically significantly, AFT of BSPS problem-clue area reduced statistically significantly.

Factors related to Suicidal Ideation in People with Schizophrenia and Suicide Attempts

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore factors which contribute to suicidal ideation in people with schizophrenia who have experienced at least one suicide attempts. Methods: The participants for this study were 138 people with schizophrenia who had made attempts at suicide. Data were collected from April 15 to May 7, 2014 using self-report questionnaires which included questions on Suicidal Ideation, Self-Esteem, Depression, Family Support and the Internalized Stigma Inventory. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The average score of suicidal ideation in the patients with schizophrenia who had experienced suicide attempts was 12.2±6.08. Factors which predicted suicidal ideation in these patients included self-esteem, depression and suicide attempts and these factors explained 44.0% of the variance in suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The results indicate that development and application of intervention programs, which can help to increase self-esteem levels and decrease depression levels among patients schizophrenia that have experienced suicidal attempts is a first priority.

Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation in Community Residents with Suicidal Attempt Experiences

Purpose: The purpose of this study isto explore influencing factors which contribute to the suicidal ideation in community residents who have ever experienced suicidal attempts. Methods: The subjects of this study were a total of 165 local residents with some experiences of suicidal attempts in B City and K Province. The data were collected from May 1st to October 30th, 2012 and self-report questionnaires including Suicidal Ideation Inventory, SelfEsteem Inventory, Depression, Family and Social Support Inventory were used as a measurement tool. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The average score of suicidal ideation in the local residents with experiences of suicidal attempts was 12.7±6.25. Predicted factors on suicidal ideation in the local residents with experiences of suicide attempts included self-esteem, depression and physical illness, and the suicidal ideation has a variance explanation power of 54%. Conclusion: The development and application of intervention programs, which can help to increase self-esteem levels and decrease depression levels among community residents with experiences of suicidal attempts, are first needed. Furthermore, nursing services of customized self-management for people with physical disabilities are needed on the basis of their own physical problems.