Application Of Fluorescent Antibody Technique Research Articles

Diagnosis of rabies in cattle: Comparison of clinico-pathological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence techniques

The present study was envisaged to compare the sensitivity of detection of rabies virus antigen by application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique on fresh impression smear (Direct-FAT) and that on formalin-fixed nervous tissue (Indirect-FAT), histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cattle. A total of 15 cases of cattle suspected for rabies were presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical complex and from various parts of Punjab. Out of 15 cases, 9 (60%) cases were positive by direct-FAT, indirect-FAT and IHC. On the basis of Negri body detection and histomorphological alterations, rabies was confirmed in 7 (46.6%) cases, thus histopathology revealed 77.77% sensitivity in comparison to direct-FAT. While indirect-FAT, and IHC revealed 100% sensitivity in comparison to direct-FAT. Percentage of neurons positive for Negri bodies by H & E and IHC were 37.11% and 73.88% and average number of Negri bodies detected per neuron by H&E and IHC were 1.56 and 2.97, respectively. Important clinical signs in rabid animals were anorexia, biting, bellowing, hyper-salivation andfrequent micturition. Thus, it is concluded that rabies detection in animals can be accomplished from formalin-fixed brain tissues, which offers same sensitivity as detection of rabies in impression smears.

Syphilitic lymphadenitis Immunofluorescent identification of spirochetes from imprints

We are reporting two cases of early syphilis with inguinal buboes which were surgically excised. Th clinical impression was lymphoma in one case and inguinal hernia in the other. The correct and specific diagnosis was quickly established by the application of fluorescent antibody technique to imprints of the enlarged lymph node.

Microbial degradation of phthalate Esters. VI. Application of fluorescent antibody technique to trace the microorganism inoculated in biological treatment systems.

The fluorescent antibody technique was used to trace an inoculated Nocardia erythropolis strain which was capable of rapidly degrading phthalate esters in soil column and activated sludge systems. The reaction of antibody to Nocardia erythropolis S-1 was highly strain specific, i.e., only one of twelve other strain of N. erythropolis was stained with this fluorescent antibody. All other species of Nocardia and other genera of bacteria and a strain of Candida were not stained. Using this technique it was demonstrated that N. erythropolis S-1 inoculated into activated sludge and soil column systems was successfully distinguished from many other micro-organisms in mixed culture systems, and the distribution of this strain was appreciated.

Formula omitted] sp.—Induced abortion

History and Clinical Signs : Prodromal signs are not consistent. Most abortions occur in the last half of gestation. Gross Lesions : No grossly observable lesions occur consistently in the fetus. Autolysis of the fetus occurs frequently. Placentitis is characteristic but not pathognomonic. Microscopic Lesions : Lesions of inflammation such as placentitis and suppurative bronchopneumonia of the fetus are characteristic but not pathognomonic. Cultural Procedures : Isolation of Brucella sp. from the fetal stomach contents or tissues or placental tissues provides conclusive evidence for a diagnosis. Isolation of Brucella sp. from the uterine fluids, milk or tissues of the aborting cow is absolute evidence of infection and presumptive evidence of the cause of the abortion. Serologic Procedures : A positive card test, or a plate or tube agglutination titer to brucellosis of 1:100 or greater in the cow's serum is absolute evidence of infection and presumptive evidence of the cause of the abortion. Special Procedures : Brucella organisms may be demonstrated in the stomach contents, and fetal or placental tissues by proper application of fluorescent antibody techniques. This procedure should be supplemented by culture. Preferred Diagnostic Methods : 1. 1. Isolation of brucella organisms from the fetus, placenta or uterine fluids of aborting cows. 2. 2. Demonstration of brucella organisms in the fetus or placenta by FA techniques. 3. 3. Demonstration of a plate or tube brucella titer of 1:100 or greater in the cow provides evidence of infection but does not define the cause of the abortion.

The Application of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques to the Virus ot African Horse Sickness

Summary Direct anil indirect fluorescent antibody techniques teere successfully applied to the identification of virus isolates in tissue culture and for the screening of sera for antibody to the virus. The test was shown to be group specific. Antibody ivas shown by this method to be 1 widespread in wild zebra in Kenya.

Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique to the Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis

Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique to the Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis

The application of fluorescent antibody techniques for the detection and identification of mycotic disease agents.

The application of fluorescent antibody techniques for the detection and identification of mycotic disease agents.

Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique to the Detection of Cholera Vibrio

Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique to the Detection of Cholera Vibrio

Studies on Pituitary Growth Hormone in Children by Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Studies on Pituitary Growth Hormone in Children by Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The Applications of Fluorescent Antibody Techniques in Bacteriology and Virology

The aplication of fluorescent antibody techniques to medical mycology--a review.

A review of the significant applications of fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques in medical mycology is presented. The review covers the progress made in the development of FA reagents for the detection of Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and other Candida spp., Sporotrichum schenckii, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Blastomyces dermatitidis. The progress made in the application of this technique to measurement of fungal antibodies in sera is described.The authors briefly discuss the basic principles of the FA procedure, some of the problems encountered in performing the tests and the potentialities of the technique.

Field Application of Fluorescent Antibody Technique for Identification of Group A Streptococcus

THE VIGOROUS treatment of streptococcal infections to prevent the sequelae of rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis has received considerable emphasis in recent years. Early, a,ccurate diagnosis of group A streptococcal infections associated with the complications, however, has not kept pace with therapeutic advances. Physicians often experience considerable delay in obtaining a laborat,ory diagnosis and must administer therapy to acute throat infections without knowing the etiological agent. The delay is due to the necessity of isolating a pure streptococcal culture, with subsequent preparation of extracts for use in precipitin grouping tests. Though beta hemolytic streptococcal organisms can be identified readily and quickly, the correct designation of the infecting streptococcal group requires several more days of testing. Coons and his associates first described in 1942 a technique of bacterial identification which might offer rapid diagnosis (1). This was the fluorescent antibody technique, described more definitively in subsequent writings by Coons and Kaplan as an antigen-antibody reaction to identify miumps virus, pneumococcal polysacca,rides, and rickettsia (2). Moody, Goldman, Thomason, and Cherry applied this same method to the identification of other organisms (3-5). Mooidy, Ellis, and Updyke first developed an accurate method for the identification of streptococci using the fluorescent antibody technique (6). They showed that specific fluorescent antibody could be prepared and used for grouping streptococci in dried smears by staining only group A streptococci and also that a specific fluorescein-labeled antibody could be used to identify groups B, C, D, F, and G. Occasional cross reactions between organisms of groups A, C, and G were corrected by absorbing group A fluorescent antibody with grolup C organisms. This did not affect in any way the affinity of the antibody for group A cells. As a result of this discovery, we proposed a study of the fluorescent antibody technique for streptococca,l identification under field conditions using the facilities of a local health department. The study was conceived on the principle that the technique would give private physicians a diagnosis on suspected group A streptococcal disease within 4 to 5 hours after a specimen was submitted rather than the 3 to 5 days ordinarily required. The experimental design emphasized quality and correctness of technique rather than performance of a large number of tests. Funds for the study were supplied by the Heart Disease Control Branch of the Public Health Service, and technical supervision, as well as the various reagents used in performing the tests, was provided by the Special Research Unit of the PHS Communicable Disease Center. The bureau of laboratories of the Maryland Department of Public Health, the Montgomery