Application Of Advanced Techniques Research Articles

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Swift’s Connecting Rod Considering ‘I’ Cross Section

The analysis of a connecting rod with an ‘I’ cross-section is a multifaceted process that requires careful consideration of material properties, stress and strain behavior, and potential failure modes. The ‘I’ cross-section offers a robust design that balances strength and weight, making it ideal for high-performance engines. Through the application of advanced techniques like FEA, engineers can optimize the design to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the connecting rod, ultimately enhancing the overall performance of the engine. In this paper model of the Swift connecting rod was being created in modelling software, the model was imported into ANSYS Workbench and saved in IGES format. By using multiple ANSYS Workbench modules and appropriate boundary conditions, the model was examined for different types of stresses. An analysis is conducted on the Von Misses stresses, shear stresses, total deformation, and several fatigue characteristics such as life, damage, safety factor, etc.

Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research.

The tree shrew ( Tupaia belangeri) has long been proposed as a suitable alternative to non-human primates (NHPs) in biomedical and laboratory research due to its close evolutionary relationship with primates. In recent years, significant advances have facilitated tree shrew studies, including the determination of the tree shrew genome, genetic manipulation using spermatogonial stem cells, viral vector-mediated gene delivery, and mapping of the tree shrew brain atlas. However, the limited availability of tree shrews globally remains a substantial challenge in the field. Additionally, determining the key questions best answered using tree shrews constitutes another difficulty. Tree shrew models have historically been used to study hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, myopia, and psychosocial stress-induced depression, with more recent studies focusing on developing animal models for infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite these efforts, the impact of tree shrew models has not yet matched that of rodent or NHP models in biomedical research. This review summarizes the prominent advancements in tree shrew research and reflects on the key biological questions addressed using this model. We emphasize that intensive dedication and robust international collaboration are essential for achieving breakthroughs in tree shrew studies. The use of tree shrews as a unique resource is expected to gain considerable attention with the application of advanced techniques and the development of viable animal models, meeting the increasing demands of life science and biomedical research.

Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis: Feature Extraction using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) in Machine Learning (ML)

The growth and development of social networks, blogs, forums, and e-commerce websites has produced a number of data, notably textual data, which has increased tremendously. Twitter is one of the most popular media social platforms; during the COVID-19 pandemic, people all around the world use social media to share their opinions or concerns about the pandemic that has changed their lives. It revealed a significant rise in tweets on coronavirus, including positive, negative, and neutral tweets about the virus's impact. Sentiment analysis faces challenges: sparse data limits understanding, while topic coherence and interpretability demand improvement for clearer insights. The primary goal of this paper is to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of sentiment analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic through the application of advanced techniques and classifiers. In this article, we experiment with such Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB) on Twitter data for high-accuracy machine learning models. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)for feature extraction, we aim to capture comprehensive aspects and topics for sentiment analysis. Additionally, we explore Count Vectorizer and Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) as word embedding techniques. The main objectives are to extract topics, understand public concerns about Covid-19, and compare classifier performance in Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis on Covid-19 tweets. This paper introduces advanced sentiment analysis techniques, such as LDA, Count Vectorizer, and SVM, enhancing nuanced sentiment analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic with notable 85% accuracy in SVM classification.

Changes in phytochemical properties and water use efficiency of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) using superabsorbent polymer under drought stress

Water consumption management and the application of advanced techniques in the agricultural sector can significantly contribute to the efficient utilization of limited water resources. This can be achieved by improving soil texture, increasing water retention, reducing erosion, and enhancing seedling germination through the use of superabsorbent polymers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Aquasource superabsorbent (AS) on the morphological characteristics, phytochemical properties, antioxidant content, and water use efficiency of peppermint. It was conducted under different irrigation management and using different superabsorbent levels. Therefore, a 3 × 4 factorial design was used to determine the effects of irrigation intervals (2-, 4-, and 6-day) and different levels of AS amount (zero [control], 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%). The effects of these factors on various parameters (morphological characteristics, essential oil percentage, nutrient, protein, proline, carotenoid, antioxidant, and chlorophyll content, leaf area index, relative water content, and water use efficiency [WUE]) were evaluated. The results showed that morphological characteristics and essential oil percentage decreased significantly under drought stress (increasing the irrigation intervals). However, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) AS improved plant growth conditions. Increasing the amount of superabsorbent used to 1 and 2 (wt%) decreased the measured traits, which indicates the creation of unsuitable conditions for plant growth. AS application improved the growth of the root more than the leaf yield of peppermint. A 0.5 (wt%) addition of AS resulted in root length increases of 3, 13, and 15%, respectively, at irrigation intervals of 2, 4, and 6 days, respectively. Additionally, at 0.5 (wt%) AS, root weight increased by 8, 15, and 16% in 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals, respectively. Also, the height of the plant increased by 3, 5, and 17% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals when 0.5 (wt%) of AS was used compared to the control. As well, essential oil percentage increased by 2.14, 2.06, and 1.63% at 2-, 4-, and 6-day irrigation intervals. The nutrient and protein contents decreased as irrigation intervals and AS usage increased, indicating a similar trend. However, compared with the control, the addition of 0.5 (wt%) of AS resulted in some improvements in nutrients and protein. The highest WUE (3.075 kg m−3) was attained in the 4-day irrigation interval and 1 wt% AS addition. This was followed closely by the 2-day irrigation interval with 1 wt% AS addition at 3.025 kg m−3, and the 4-day irrigation interval with 0.5 wt% AS addition, which reached 2.941 kg m−3. Overall, the use of AS in appropriate amounts (0.5 wt%) can reduce water consumption and enhance essential oil yield and WUE in peppermint cultivation in water-scarce arid and semi-arid regions.

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Penile Cancer: A Pictorial Review.

The role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in assessing penile cancer is not well defined. However, this modality may be successfully applied for preoperative staging and patient selection; postoperative local and regional surveillance; and assessments of treatment response after oncological therapies. Previous studies have been mostly limited to a few small series evaluating the accuracy of MRI for the preoperative staging of penile cancer. This review discusses the principles of non-erectile mpMRI, including functional techniques and their applications in evaluating the male genital region, along with clinical protocols and technical considerations. The latest clinical classifications and guidelines are reviewed, focusing on imaging recommendations and discussing potential gaps and disadvantages. The development of functional MRI techniques and the extraction of quantitative parameters from these sequences enables the noninvasive assessment of phenotypic and genotypic tumor characteristics. The applications of advanced techniques in penile MRI are yet to be defined. There is a need for prospective trials and feasible multicenter trials due to the rarity of the disease, highlighting the importance of minimum technical requirements for MRI protocols, particularly image resolution, and finally determining the role of mpMRI in the assessment of penile cancer.

Study on the Erosion and Deposition Changes of Tidal Flat in Jiangsu Province Using ICESat-2 and Sentinel-2 Data

The ecological dynamics of tidal flats are subject to continuous transformations attributed to the interplay of the tidal erosion and sedimentation processes. Accordingly, the realization of a dynamic monitoring system for tidal flats holds significant importance in facilitating the judicious utilization and safeguarding of tidal flats resources. In this study, an integrated methodology was implemented to monitor and assess the tidal flats in Jiangsu province. Specifically, a collection of five multispectral images from the Sentinel-2 satellite was acquired, coupled with data derived from the ICESat-2 satellite. Through the application of advanced techniques, including convolutional neural networks and machine learning algorithms, a comprehensive combined model for inverting tidal flats topography was developed. The accuracy disparity between various model combinations was meticulously evaluated, thereby enabling the acquisition of detailed topography information encompassing the entirety of Jiangsu’s tidal flats for the year 2021. Comparative analysis against measured topographic data demonstrated that the overall accuracy of the combined model inversion surpassed 80%. Additionally, this study conducted an extensive investigation into the temporal evolution of tidal flats in Jiangsu by integrating data from 2008 to 2021, focusing particularly on the measured topography from 2008. Consequently, the study successfully delineated the various types of tidal flats present in Jiangsu and elucidated their corresponding evolutionary trends.

Special Issue: Application of Materials Science in the Study of Cultural Heritage

The application of advanced techniques to the study of ancient materials has been increasingly demonstrating to be fundamental to a deeper knowledge of artistic and historic artefacts, contributing to their conservation and restoration [...]

Dispersion of hazardous nanoparticles on beaches around phosphogypsum factories

Anthropogenic occurring nanoparticles (NPs) have been one of the principal catalytic components of marine pollution throughout its history. The phosphogypsum (PG) factories present environmental risks and evident marine pollution in different parts of the world. Many of these factors continue to operate, however, some have already been abandoned by the private sector. The general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the real nanoparticles (NPs) present on a beach in southern Brazil to illustrate the need to create public policies and projects for environmental recovery. This work focused on real representative sampling of suspended sediments (SSs), and on a modern analytical procedure via advanced electron microscopes (field emission scanning electron microscope-FE-SEM and high resolution transmission electron microscope-HR-TEM coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis system-EDS) to analyze NPs containing hazardous elements (HEs). The results presented in this work demonstrate who the size, morphology, among other physical-geochemical characteristics influence in the adsorption of HEs by the NPs and their respective agglomerates. This study is of great importance for carrying out the application of advanced techniques and methods to better understand the formation and transport of NPs on beaches, which allows assisting in the management of waste from plaster factories on a global scale.

REVIEW OF ALUMINA IN ADSORPTION PROCESSES FOR EMERGING POLLUTANTS

Water pollution can be found in the oceans, seas, rivers and lakes which can be taken as organic pollutants or better known as emerging pollutants. Emerging pollutants (EP´s) are chemical substances that persist in the environment, these molecules are in the food chain causing risks and adverse effects for human health and the environment. EP´s are not they are discharged as effluents indiscriminately, for this reason is important to improve water treatment by the application of advanced techniques as adsorption. Adsorbents like alumina are known for their large surface area, high mechanical properties and good resistivity to thermal degradation. Aluminum oxide or alumina (Al2O3) is a solid white ceramic material which has been considered an efficient adsorbent for EP´s removal as advanced water treatment.

A Review on Big Data Optimization Techniques

Abstract Analysis of representative tools for SQL query processing on Hadoop (SQL-on-Hadoop systems), such as Hive, Impala, Presto, Shark, show that they are not still sufficiently efficient for complex analytical queries and interactive query processing. Existing SQL-on-Hadoop systems have many benefits from the application of modern query processing techniques that have been studied extensively for many years in the database community. It is expected that with the application of advanced techniques, the performance of SQL-on-Hadoop systems can be improved. The main idea of this paper is to give a review of big data concepts and technologies, and summarize big data optimization techniques that can be used for improving performance when processing big data.

Peculiarities of Legal Regulation of the Use of Genomic Technologies in Embryology and Artificial Fertilization in the UK

The development of modern medicine is based on the development of high-tech treatment methods. One of such methods includes the application of genomic research that in Russia is not inferior, but in many ways superior to the achievements of Western scientists. However, legal regulation, or rather lack of such regulation in our state prevents comprehensive application of advanced techniques in practice. In order to solve this issue, it becomes relevant to study the experience of foreign countries in order to take into account their flaws and gaps in legal regulation to deal with the debate over problems that may be associated with the application of advanced techniques. The paper considers the use of genomic technologies in the UK in the field of embryology and artificial fertilization as one of the most open areas for genomic editing in modern medicine. The paper elucidates the issue of obtaining and withdrawal (revoking or suspending) of the license by organizations that provide medical services in the field of embryology and artificial human fertilization. The authors also deal with the issue of the formation of specialized bodies, e.g. appeals committees in the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Department, dealing with narrow issues. The authors have chosen legal regulation of the issue under consideration in Britain because it appears to be the most liberal regulation as compared with the regulation applied in the other States and even under international law. This, in turn, creates grounds for fears, disputes and discussions in the expert community, which is also of particular interest to the forthcoming Russian law-making and law enforcement. For the purposes of the study, the authors analyze the provisions of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act in terms of their applicability both in the UK and in Russia and examine expert opinions regarding the issues under consideration. Based on the work done, the authors propose to implement the model of legal regulation under which both children who appeared as a result of genomic editing and donors are to be informed of the application of this method.

Impact of Pharmaceutical Product Dynamics on Social Norms and Values: An Empirical Study from Bangkok-Thailand

This study has examined the relationship between the dynamics of pharmaceutical products and social norms and values in the region of Thailand. The data was collected through questionnaire with a sample respondents of 226. For the analysis purpose, descriptive, frequency distribution, and regression techniques were applied on the collected dataset. Demographic factors cover the gender, age, educational background, and income level. Meanwhile, pharmaceutical dynamics are covered through ten factors ranging from A to J as explained under variable portion. For dependent variables, three factors like normative belief, social norms and attitude were observed. Findings of the study show that from the dynamics of pharma products, significant influence on normative belief, social norms and attitudes was found. In terms of implication, this study is highly suggested to the pharmaceutical managers, key decision makers and other officials who are dealing with the social influence of the pharma products, specifically in Thailand. However, our study is limited in terms of regional implications, sample size, and application of advanced techniques like structural equation modelling. Future studies are highly recommended to cover these limitations for more understanding and better implications.

The Chromic Response to Environment of some Imine-Based Oligomers

Among the organic materials widely studied for applications in advanced techniques, imine-based compounds (or azomethines) have received considerable attention due to their ability to reversibly change the color under the action of an external stimulus. The halochromic or photochromic behavior of imines is based on the protonation or photoizomerization ability of the imine linkage, the color changing effect occurring in response to the change in pH of the surrounding medium or electromagnetic radiation absorption. Starting from these aspects, three imine-based oligomers with a donor-acceptor-donor topology containing phenoxazine as the donor unit and diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 9,9-diphenylfluorene or fluorene as an acceptor moiety were thoroughly investigated with respect to their protonation and photoiradiation behavior, evaluated by means of photo-physics analysis.

Highly selective mitochondrial probes based on fluorinated pentamethinium salts: On two-photon properties and microscopic applications

Fluorescent dyes and probes have been of interest in the fields of chemistry and biology for a long time. However, with more recent applications in advanced techniques, such as two-photon and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, higher demands are being placed on physico-chemical properties of such compounds. Another requirement is specific intracellular targeting which often remains a big challenge. Here, we present the synthesis of a series of far red-emitting fluorescent dyes based on a structure of fluorinated symmetrical ɣ-aryl substituted pentamethinium salts. We reveal the relationship between the structure and photophysical and biological properties of the compounds; a type of a side unit (indole, benzothiazole) and presence of fluorine atoms were investigated. It was found that substitution of benzothiazolium side units for indolium ones led to increased quantum yields and higher photostability of the dyes and that the presence of fluorine on the γ-aryl moiety did not exhibit significant influence on their photophysical properties. Regardless of the structural difference, all compounds localized in mitochondria of various cancerous and noncancerous cell lines and can be utilized in live-cell imaging using wide-field, confocal, two-photon and structured illumination fluorescence microscopy. Our findings suggest that the properties of symmetrical pentamethinium salts are affected to a higher extent by the type of a side unit rather than fluorine atoms on the γ-aryl moiety. Last but not least, we believe that such probes will further extend tools for mitochondrial research.

The development of genetics teaching in China in the last four decades and its future prospect

Chinese genetics educators have carried out a comprehensive and systematic exploration and reform since 1978. With the guidance and help of the Genetics Society of China, they have made significant strides in the fields of genetics teaching system, publication of genetics textbooks, content of genetics teaching, workshop on genetics teaching, experimental teaching, application of advanced techniques, etc. These efforts have made remarkable achievements and promoted the vitality of genetics. The comprehensive development of education and teaching has trained a large number of excellent genetic talents for the development of China's economy and society. Here, we sum up the overall achievements of the teaching reform and propose some suggestions on the future development of genetics teaching in China, hoping that the quality of genetics teaching in China will take a new step in the new era.

Asthma in the USA: the good, the bad, and the disparity

Asthma in the USA: the good, the bad, and the disparity

Molecular diagnostic procedures using RT PCR to alleviate taxonomic impediments of parasite species segregation

The taxonomic impediments in taxa differentiation have been overcome by the application of advanced techniques using real time PCR methods PCR product detection and identification of helminth species is performed with a variety of fluorescence chemistries The measurement of melting temperatures Tms of amplicons after completion of PCR facilitated precise diagnosis of species of particular helminth The technique is reliable as the Tms of the specific amplicons are sufficiently different and constant to illustrate differentiation The phylogeny of Contrcaecum sp from a marine fish Sillago sihama is established with report of Tms C using melting curve analysis real time PCR in the present investigation with simultaneous segregation of Anisakis sp as a separate taxon from the coexisting species Johnius dussumieri whose genotypes have been reported at the GenBank

Breeding for Healthier Wheat

AuthorsLuud J. W. J. Gilissen1 and Hetty C. van den Broeck2 AffiliationsWageningen University & Research – Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen, The Netherlands 1 Corresponding author. Wageningen University & Research – Business Unit Bioscience, PO Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 317 480983; E-mail: luud.gilissen@wur.nl2 Tel: +31 317 480974; E-mail: hetty.busink@wur.nl

Experimental Study to Determine the Failure Criteria of Concrete at Its Early-Age

The failure criteria and the constitutive relation of materials for an early-age concrete are the most common reasons to conduct the nonlinear analysis and to assess the concrete structures during the construction stage. The delay of theoretical advancement in this field resulted into a mismatch between the rough theories and the advanced algorithms, which were adopted for the estimation and analysis of early-age concrete structures. It is often impossible to find an appropriate way to determine the failure criteria and its constitutive relation that may serve as a baseline. As a consequence, the development and the application of advanced techniques of construction, for example, early dismantling construction technique of formwork, have severely been restrained. Therefore, the study of the failure criteria and its constitutive relation of concrete materials at early-age are important. In this paper, the cubic compressive strength, the prismatic compressive strength, and the axial tensile strength are determined by carrying out a strength test on C20 concrete material at an early-age. Next, the failure criteria of C20 early-age concrete material in the octahedral stress space have been studied and analyzed by using the regression analysis and by deriving the mathematical relation.

Exploring Social Work Gaps in Africa with Examples from South Africa and Botswana

This paper aims to discuss current social work gaps in service delivery in Africa with examples from Botswana and South Africa. The paper uses the review of literature methodology. Findings indicate the following gaps: dependence syndrome emanating from residual/remedial practice; social workers not motivated, recognized, or remunerated adequately; social workers are lacking in advanced techniques; and not adequately prepared to handle emergent contemporary development challenges such as HIV and AIDS. The paper recommends adequate recognition and modest remuneration of the social workers; social workers to be trained in application of advanced techniques; and should be encouraged to adopt the developmental component to avoid dependence syndrome.