Application Of Therapy Research Articles

The efficacy and safety of negative pressure wound therapy in paediatric burns: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundAlthough the effective application of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been exemplified in diverse clinical studies, its potential and safety, specifically regarding paediatric burns, are yet to be fully confirmed. Our most recent systematic review and meta-analysis strive to investigate the impact of NPWT within the realm of paediatric burns.MethodsWe sourced relevant articles from databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database, Web of Science, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructureris, the VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and the Wanfang database. We defined the primary outcome measure as the healing time, while healing rate, numbers of dressing changes, detection rate of positive bacteria, incidence rate of adverse reactions, scar scale scores, and treatment costs were considered as secondary outcome measures. Pooling of data was conducted and the results were articulated as relative risk (RR), mean difference (MD), and standardized mean difference (SMD), all with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 12 studies involving 1033 individuals were examined, including 559 paediatric burn patients who underwent NPWT (referred to as the treatment group) and 543 patients who received treatments other than NPWT (referred to as the control group). The amalgamated data from these studies exhibited that the treatment group experienced significant reductions in healing time (SMD = -1.60; 95% CI: -2.26 - -0.95; p < 0.001, I2 = 92.8%), the number of required dressing changes (SMD = -4.6; 95% CI: -5.84 - -3.36; p < 0.001, I2 = 92.4%), positive bacteria detection rate (RR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.26–1.46; p = 0.004, I2 = 81.8%), incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.33–1.12; p = 0.005, I2 = 68%), scar scale scores (SMD = -1.66; 95% CI: -2.54 - -0.79; p < 0.001, I2 = 89.4%), as well as in treatment costs (SMD = 0.92; 95% CI: -1.66–3.49; p < 0.001, I2 = 98.4%). Additionally, these individuals showed an increased rate of healing (RR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.99–1.39; p < 0.001, I2 = 78%). Subgroup analysis did not find that the degree of burn was one of the sources of high heterogeneity.ConclusionOur meta-analysis points to the effectiveness of NPWT in treating paediatric burns. Notably, it significantly mitigates healing duration, frequency of dressing alterations, positive bacterial detection rate, adverse reactions incidence, scar scale scores and treatment costs, all while propelling the acceleration of wound healing.

Ferroptosis and its role in osteoarthritis: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic perspectives

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, characterized by a complex pathological process involving cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling. In recent years, ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been recognized as playing a critical role in the onset and progression of OA. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its involvement in OA may offer novel strategies for diagnosing and treating this disease. This review first outlines the core mechanisms of ferroptosis, with a particular focus on the roles of critical molecules such as Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4), Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1), and Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4 (NCOA4). Subsequently, this study examines the specific impacts of ferroptosis on the pathophysiology of OA. Building on this, the potential of ferroptosis-related biomarkers for OA diagnosis and treatment is highlighted, along with proposed therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis regulation. This review aims to deepen the understanding of ferroptosis mechanisms and advance the clinical application of regulatory therapies for OA.

Nanotechnology for Healthcare: Plant-Derived Nanoparticles in Disease Treatment and Regenerative Medicine

Nanotechnology has revolutionised biomedical research, offering innovative healthcare solutions. Plant-based nanotechnology is emerging as a sustainable alternative, minimising environmental impacts and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. This paper explores the potential of plant-derived nanoparticles (PNPs) in medicine, highlighting their biocompatibility, multifunctionality, and eco-friendliness. PNPs, synthesised through green methods, have demonstrated promising applications in drug delivery, cancer therapy, antimicrobial treatments, and tissue regeneration. Their unique properties, such as a high surface area and bioactive components, enable improved drug delivery, targeting, and controlled release, reducing side effects and enhancing treatment efficacy. Additionally, plant-derived compounds’ inherent antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, retained within platinum nanoparticles (PNPs), present innovative opportunities for combating antimicrobial resistance and promoting wound healing. Despite their potential, challenges remain in standardising PNP synthesis, ensuring consistency, and scaling up production for industrial applications. This review emphasises the need for further research on PNP toxicity, biocompatibility, and regulatory frameworks to fully harness their capabilities in clinical and commercial applications. Plant-based nanotechnology represents a promising, greener alternative for advancing healthcare solutions, aligning with global sustainability goals.

The effect of meaning guidance approach on the ego identity of fencing players in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Logo counseling is one of the counseling schools, which is the human orientation that follows the applications of existential therapy, also it is considered as an effective method in psychological counseling and wider field than existential therapy because of its successfulness in developing technics in practicing counseling throughout the organization of human direction concern which study humans in terms of spiritual experience as well as biological and mental structure capable of growth, change and sublimation. (Frankl, 1976, 75). The study aims to identify the differences in self-efficiency, ego identity and lunge speed and accuracy for experiment and control groups in pre and post tests for sample players. The experiment approach is used in the study which appropriates with the nature of the research, the study population consists of senior fencing players in Kurdistan Region of (2020-2021) with a total number of (70) players distributed on (16) sport clubs, the researcher divided the population into two groups, first group for consists of (11) clubs used for scale development included (45) participants, second group included (5) clubs with (20) individuals. The researchers concludes that there is clear effect of logo counseling program prepared by researchers in developing self-efficiency and ego identity of experiment group, and there is a lack of psychological counseling instructions led to nonsignificant differences of control group individuals. In addition to the efficiency of self-efficiency scale for fencing players in Kurdistan Region – Iraq. Therefore, the researchers recommended conducting furthers for the same variables on older samples and for both genders in addition to supporting various curriculums and activities of ego identity while research one of the best methods contributes in improvement and development.

Trends in exercise therapy research for neurological diseases: a bibliometric and visualization approach from 2000 to 2024

BackgroundNeurological disorders are one of the major global health burdens, and exercise therapy has been widely recognized as a beneficial intervention. However, the existing literature has primarily focused on summarizing the interventions, complications, and influencing factors, with relatively limited systematic comparisons and summaries.MethodsThis study employed a bibliometric analysis approach, using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to analyze the literature on the application of exercise therapy in neurological disorders from 2000 to 2024, including annual publication volumes, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, keyword co-occurrences, keyword clustering, keyword timelines, and keyword bursts.ResultsThe study found that the United States is the leading contributor in this field, and the University of Toronto and the University of Illinois are the most active research institutions. Keyword analysis revealed that the research hotspots in this field are concentrated on the role of exercise therapy in the prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and improvement of quality of life for neurological disorders, and are gradually delving into its potential physiological mechanisms.ConclusionThis study provides valuable references for subsequent research in this field, helping to track the research frontiers and predict future research directions. Future research could further explore the specific mechanisms and clinical efficacy for different neurological diseases, providing more targeted evidence for clinical practice.

Effect of Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) Horse Therapy on Cardiopulmonary Function and Recovery Quality After Isoflurane Anesthesia in 100 Horses Subjected to Pars-Plana Vitrectomy: An Investigator-Blinded Clinical Study

The use of Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy during general anesthesia has not previously been reported in horses. This randomized, investigator-blinded, placebo-controlled trial evaluates equine cardiopulmonary function and recovery quality after BEMER therapy application for 15 min in 100 horses during general anesthesia using isoflurane for pars-plana vitrectomy surgery as treatment for recurrent uveitis. Visually identical blankets were used in the two groups (1:1 ratio), one with a functional BEMER module and the other with a placebo module. Arterial blood pressure, blood gas, lactate, and creatine kinase (CK) values were measured at different timepoints, and each timepoint was compared between the groups using paired t-tests. The quality of recovery from anesthesia was assessed by one blinded veterinary surgeon using a 10-category scoring system with scores ranging from 10 (best) to 72 (worst) and compared by an ordinary least squares regression analysis. The placebo group had a significantly better recovery (mean 16.1, standard deviation 7.15) than the BEMER-therapy group (mean 22.4, SD 13.0). Arterial blood pressure and blood lactate were lower in the BEMER-therapy group without reaching statistical significance, while CK and blood gas values were comparable. BEMER-horse therapy showed an effect on the recovery quality of horses undergoing general anesthesia.

CAR-T Cell Therapy: An Advancement in Conventional Cancer Treatment Methods

Neoplastic tissues, often known as cancerous malignant tumors, are essentially just collections of aberrant cells that can invade nearby tissues, travel to lymph nodes, and even reach other organs. CAR-T cells, or genetically engineered T cells, express the CAR protein on their surface. A recognition region on the exterior and a signaling region on the inside make up the CAR protein. The antigen plays a crucial role in the development of CAR-T cells. Targeting tumor-specific or tumor-associated antigens that are either exclusively present on tumor cells or increased on the surface of cancer cells is the usual goal of CAR-T cell therapy. The FDA and EMA have approved the commercial sale of CAR T cell treatment out of all the different types of ACTs. Six different drugs have been approved in the US and Europe to treat seven different types of B cell cancer. Patients must be screened by their physicians before considering CAR-T cell therapy. Patients may need to go through therapeutic preparatory procedures including lymphodepletion and bridging therapy before receiving CAR-T cell treatment. CAR T cell therapy's remarkable outcomes have altered dire prognoses and prevented several fatalities from severe cancers. However, an increasing amount of clinical experience is exposing their limitations. Currently, CAR-T cell therapy is mostly used to treat certain blood cancer types. Nevertheless, fresh research is being planned to determine how to improve the effectiveness, lower the cost, and expand the potential applications of therapies. Research is now being done to increase the safety and efficacy of CAR-T cell treatment. Keywords: Chimeric antigen receptor, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Tumor-associated antigen, Cytokine storm syndrome, Cluster of differentiation.

Exploring the Potential and Challenges of Digital and AI-Driven Psychotherapy for ADHD, OCD, Schizophrenia, and Substance Use Disorders: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Psychotherapy remains a fundamental component of mental health treatment, yet it encounters significant barriers to accessibility and efficacy. The integration of digital therapies, encompassing e-Health, m-Health, and artificial intelligence (AI) offers the transformative potential to enhance therapeutic processes through automated systems that improve access and personalize treatment. This integration, however, involves complex considerations, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the dynamics of the therapeutic alliance. This narrative review synthesizes current literature on the application of digital therapies in psychotherapy, with a focus on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia, and substance use disorders (SUDs). The review evaluates the effectiveness of these interventions, their impact on HRQoL, therapeutic relationships, and the associated ethical considerations. Following Green's checklist for narrative reviews, a systematic literature review was conducted on studies published from January 2009 to May 2024. Inclusion criteria centered on digital therapies, including AI-based, Internet-based, and mobile-based interventions in psychotherapy. A total of 23 studies were analyzed. The findings indicate that digital therapies hold substantial promise for enhancing therapeutic interventions across various mental health disorders, particularly through chatbots and Internet-based psychotherapy. However, successful integration requires careful attention to the therapeutic alliance, HRQoL, and ethical implications. This review highlights the significant potential of digital therapies, including AI-driven psychotherapy, in managing diverse mental health disorders. A balanced approach to integration, prioritizing patient well-being and addressing ethical complexities, is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes.

Bibliometric analysis of dendritic cell-cytokine induced killers cell therapy

Objective: Dendritic cell-cytokine induced killers (DC-CIK) immunotherapy involves co-culturing dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells to generate activated immune cells for reinfusion into patients, directly killing tumor cells while enhancing the body's immune response, aiming to inhibit tumor growth and recurrence. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of DC-CIK immunotherapy, to provide insights into the current state of DC-CIK therapy research and guide future directions in this promising immunotherapeutic approach. Methods: Data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) using the search terms "Dendritic cell-cytokine induced killers cell therapy" and "Immune cell therapy" for the period from 1997 to 2024. Bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer to examine publication trends, citation networks, thematic focuses, and global collaboration networks. Results: The number of publications on DC-CIK therapy has shown a significant increase over the years, peaking in 2014 and fluctuating since then. China leads in the number of publications, followed by the United States. Sun Yat-sen University is the most prolific institution, and Ying Mu and Anqi Zhang are the most productive authors. Frontiers in immunology is the most productive journal, publishing 15 papers on DC-CIK therapy. Keyword analysis revealed a focus on cancer biology, immune modulation, and therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on co-culture techniques, cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and genetic engineering. Conclusion: DC-CIK therapy represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment, integrating the unique properties of DCs and CIK cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Despite its promise, challenges remain in optimizing clinical efficacy and addressing translational hurdles. Future research should focus on refining co-culture strategies, improving therapeutic outcomes, and ensuring the safe and accessible application of DC-CIK therapy in clinical settings.

New insights into the nature and classification of myelodysplastic neopmasm

The World Health Organization's (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) released the fifth edition of the Classification of Tumors of the Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, renaming myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to myelodysplastic neoplasm (still abbreviated as MDS). This new classification integrates next-generation sequencing data to standardize the disease's nature. The name change reflects a deeper understanding of the disease, transitioning from the vague "syndrome" to a clearly defined neoplastic disease. The new classification divides MDS into two major categories: cytogenetic abnormalities and morphological abnormalities. Cytogenetic abnormalities include MDS with low blasts and isolated 5q deletion, MDS with low blasts and SF3B1 mutation, and MDS with biallelic TP53 alterations. Morphological abnormalities include MDS with low blasts, MDS with increased blasts and hypoplastic MDS. This revision provides a foundation for precise diagnosis and treatment of MDS, further restricting the application of immunosuppressive therapy and advancing genetic research in diagnostics and therapeutics.

DNA binding and transposition activity of the Sleeping Beauty transposase: role of structural stability of the primary DNA-binding domain.

DNA transposons have emerged as promising tools in both gene therapy and functional genomics. In particular, the Sleeping Beauty (SB) DNA transposon has advanced into clinical trials due to its ability to stably integrate DNA sequences of choice into eukaryotic genomes. The efficiency of the DNA transposon system depends on the interaction between the transposon DNA and the transposase enzyme that facilitates gene transfer. In this study, we assess the DNA-binding capabilities of variants of the SB transposase and demonstrate that the structural stability of the primary DNA-recognition subdomain, PAI, affects SB DNA-binding affinity and transposition activity. This fundamental understanding of the structure-function relationship of the SB transposase will assist the design of improved transposases for gene therapy applications.

Temporary Nanoencapsulation of Human Intestinal Organoids Using Silk Ionomers.

Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) are vital for modeling intestinal development, disease, and therapeutic tissue regeneration. However, their susceptibility to stress, immunological attack, and environmental fluctuations limits their utility in research and therapeutic applications. This study evaluated the effectiveness of temporary silk protein-based layer-by-layer (LbL) nanoencapsulation technique to enhance the viability and functions of HIOs against common biomedical stressors, without compromising their native functions. Cell viability and differentiation capacity are assessed, finding that nanoencapsulation significantly improved HIO survival under the various environmental perturbations studied without compromising cellular functionality. Post-stress exposures, the encapsulated HIOs still successfully differentiated into essential intestinal cell types such as enterocytes, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, and Paneth cells. Moreover, the silk nanocoatings effectively protected against environmental stressors such as ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, protease degradation, antibody binding, and cytokine-induced inflammation. This nanoencapsulation technique shows promise for advancing HIO applications in disease modeling, drug testing, and potential transplantation therapies.

Preclinical Study of a Dual-Target Molecular Probe Labeled with 68Ga Targeting SSTR2 and FAP

Objective: Currently, 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs (SSAs) are the most commonly used imaging agents for patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in clinical practice, demonstrating good results in tumor diagnosis. For applications in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), targeted drugs should have high tumor uptake and prolonged tumor retention time. To enhance the uptake and retention of tracers in NETs, our goal is to design a 68Ga-labeled heterodimer for optimizing pharmacokinetics and assess whether this form is more efficacious than its monomeric equivalents. Methods: Using the somatostatin analog TATE and quinoline-based compound FAPI-46 as raw materials, we designed and synthesized 68Ga-labeled TATE-46. The labeling efficiency and stability were verified by Radio-HPLC. The receptor binding properties and tumor targeting were examined both in vitro and in vivo by using NCI-H727 (SSTR2/FAP, positive) and Mc38 (SSTR2/FAP, negative) cell lines and tumor-bearing mouse models. Preclinical evaluation was performed through cell uptake, pharmacokinetics, Micro PET, and biodistribution studies, and the results were compared with [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE and [68Ga]Ga -FAPI-46. Immunohistochemistry and HE staining were performed on tumor tissues from tumor-bearing mice for further validation. Results: [68Ga]Ga-TATE-46 showed comparable SSTR2 and FAP targeting ability to monomeric TATE and FAPI-46 in cell uptake and PET imaging studies. [68Ga]Ga-TATE-46 exhibited significantly higher uptake in NCI-H727 (SSTR2/FAP, positive) tumors compared to [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE (p &lt; 0.001) and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 (p &lt; 0.001). No increased uptake of [68Ga]Ga-TATE-46 was observed in MC38 tumors (SSTR2/FAP, negative). Additionally, excess DOTA-TATE and/or unlabeled FAPI-46 significantly blocked the uptake of [68Ga]Ga-TATE-46 in NCI-H727 tumors (p &lt; 0.001), confirming its dual-receptor targeting characteristics. The ex vivo biodistribution, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry results were in line with the in vivo imaging findings. Conclusion: Compared with 68Ga-labeled FAPI-46 and DOTA-TATE mono-specific tracers, the dual-target tracer [68Ga]Ga-TATE-46 improves tumor uptake, extends tumor retention, and enhances pharmacokinetics. It is an effective probe for non-invasive detection of tumors expressing FAP and SSTR2, and it is worth further studying its application in the expression of sstr2 and FAP-related tumors.

Upconversion Nanoparticle-Anchored Metal-Organic Framework Nanostructures for Remote-Controlled Cancer Optogenetic Therapy.

Optogenetics, a revolutionary technique utilizing light-sensitive proteins to control cellular functions with high spatiotemporal precision, presents a promising avenue for disease treatment; however, its application in cancer therapy remains constrained by limited research. Herein, we introduce a pioneering strategy for remote-controlled optogenetic cancer therapy, synergistically merging optogenetics with ion therapy, which incorporates ion self-supply, in situ ion channel construction, and near-infrared (NIR) light-activated ion therapy, facilitating remote and noninvasive manipulation of cellular activities in deep tissues and living animals. We report the facile synthesis of water-dispersible upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-metal-organic framework (MOF) nanohybrids capable of effectively delivering plasmid DNA to cancer cells, thereby enabling the in situ expression of photoactivatable cation channels. The pH-responsive MOF components serve as a reservoir for metal cations, which are released in the acidic microenvironment of tumors, while the UCNP components function as remote-controlled transducers, converting near-infrared (NIR) light into visible light to activate the cation channels and allowing the cancer influx of released metal cations for ion therapy. The proposed remote-controlled cancer optogenetic therapy demonstrates its effectiveness across multiple tumor models, including subcutaneous colon tumors, subcutaneous breast tumors, and orthotopic breast tumors. This study represents a significant step toward the realization of optogenetics in clinics, with substantial potential for advancing cancer therapy.

Enhancing non-viral DNA delivery systems: Recent advances in improving efficiency and target specificity.

DNA-based therapies are often limited by challenges such as stability, long-term integration, low transfection efficiency, and insufficient targeted DNA delivery. This review focuses on recent progress in the design of non-viral delivery systems for enhancing targeted DNA delivery and modulation of therapeutic efficiency. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking mechanisms play a crucial role in optimizing gene delivery efficiency. There are two main strategies employed to improve the efficiency of gene delivery vectors: (i) explore different administration routes (e.g., mucosal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, intratumoural, and intraocular) that best facilitates optimal uptake into the targeted cells and organs and (ii) modify the delivery vectors with cell-specific ligands (e.g., natural ligands, antibodies, peptides, carbohydrates, or aptamers) that enable targeted uptake to specific cells with higher specificity and improved biodistribution. We describe how recent progress in employing these DNA delivery strategies is advancing the field and increasing the clinical translation and ultimate clinical application of DNA therapies.

Application of IPL therapy and neodymium laser in the treatment of melasma

Melasma is a fairly common pathology that refers to acquired melanin hyperpigmentation with clinical symptoms affecting exclusively the skin and manifested in the form of spotty elements with color variations from light to dark brown and typical localization of the pathological process on the skin of the face. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of the developed combined therapy method using dermatocosmetics, IPL therapy and laser therapy with a neodymium laser. The overall therapeutic effectiveness in accordance with the dynamics of the MASI index was 59.6 %, the MSI index – 77 %, and the MELASQoL – 74.2 %.

Progress and optimization of CRISPR-Cas9/12 application in CAR-T therapy

CAR-T therapy and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology have shown great potential in cancer treatment and gene editing, respectively. Combining these two technologies can significantly improve the effect of cancer treatment. However, CAR-T therapy has problems such as complex production, toxicity and functional failure, while CRISPR/Cas9 technology faces challenges such as off-target effects. This study first reviewed the basic principles of CAR-T therapy and CRISPR/Cas9 technology and their current application status, analyzed the feasibility of applying CRISPR/Cas9 technology to CAR-T therapy, including optimization strategies and examples, and focused on how to reduce off-target effects and enhance T cell function and persistence. The results showed that the application of CRISPR-Cas9/12 technology in CAR-T therapy significantly improved the accuracy of gene editing, therapeutic effects and the realization of personalized medicine. Nevertheless, these advances are also accompanied by ethical issues, especially in areas related to human genes. Therefore, future research needs to pay close attention to and address ethical issues while improving therapeutic effects.

Applications of artificial intelligence in regenerative dentistry: promoting stem cell therapy and the scaffold development

Tissue repair represents a critical concern within the domain of dentistry. On a daily basis, countless individuals seek dental clinic services due to inadequate dental care. Many of the treatments that patients receive have unfavorable side effects. The employment of innovative methodologies, including gene therapy, tissue engineering, and stem cell (SCs) applications for regenerative purposes, has garnered significant interest over the past years. In recent times, artificial intelligence, particularly neural networks, has emerged as a topic of considerable attention among many medical professionals. Artificial intelligence possesses the capability to analyze data patterns through learning algorithms. Research opportunities in the rapidly expanding field of health sciences have been made possible by the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Though its uses are not restricted to these situations, artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve and accelerate many aspects of regenerative medicine research and development, especially when working with complicated patterns. This review article is to investigate how artificial intelligence might be used to enhance regenerative processes in dentistry by using scaffolds and stem cells, in light of the continuous advances in artificial intelligence in the fields of medicine and tissue regeneration. It highlights the difficulties that still exist in this developing sector and explores the possible uses of AI with a particular emphasis on dentistry practices.

Visualizing immunotherapy for multiple myeloma worldwide from 2013 to 2023: A bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant, clonal proliferative disease of plasma cells that remains incurable. This paper aims to analyze the current research status and emerging trends in immunotherapy for MM through bibliometric methods, thereby providing valuable references and guidance for future research and clinical practice. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of 1,018 English-language publications related to MM immunotherapy, which were published in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database from 2013 to 2023. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were employed to visualize the research hotspots and trends within the field of MM immunotherapy. The United States had the highest number of publications (n = 432, 42.44%), followed by China (n = 177, 17.39%). Harvard University was the institution with the most publications (n = 85), while Anderson KC (n = 27) was the most prolific researcher in the field. The highly cited literature mainly focuses on the treatment regimen based on daratumumab, the application of BCMA CAR-T therapy and the management of relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM), which represent the current research hotspots in this field. Burst detection highlights that bispecific antibodies and preclinical activity as key areas of interest. The cooperation among countries, institutions, and authors in this field should be strengthened. The treatment regimen utilizing daratumumab, the implementation of BCMA CAR-T therapy, and the management of RRMM represent significant research focal points in this field. Additionally, the development and application of bispecific antibodies have emerged as a frontier in recent years.

Photocatalytic therapy via photoinduced redox imbalance in biological system

Redox balance is essential for sustaining normal physiological metabolic activities of life. In this study, we present a photocatalytic system to perturb the balance of NADH/NAD+ in oxygen-free conditions, achieving photocatalytic therapy to cure anaerobic bacterial infected periodontitis. Under light irradiation, the catalyst TBSMSPy+ can bind bacterial DNA and initiate the generation of radical species through a multi-step electron transfer process. It catalyzes the conversion from NADH to NAD+ (the turnover frequency up to 60.7 min−1), inhibits ATP synthesis, disrupts the energy supply required for DNA replication, and successfully accomplishes photocatalytic sterilization in an oxygen-free environment. The catalyst participates in the redox reaction, interfering with the balance of NADH/NAD+ contents under irradiation, so we termed this action as photoinduced redox imbalance. Additionally, animal experiments in male rats also validate that the TBSMSPy+ could effectively catalyze the NADH oxidation, suppress metabolism and stimulate osteogenesis. Our research substantiates the concept of photoinduced redox imbalance and the application of photocatalytic therapy, further advocating the development of such catalyst based on photoinduced redox imbalance strategy for oxygen-free phototherapy.