High-performance Supercapacitor Applications Research Articles

Electrochemical evaluation of ZnO and PAN-based carbon nanofibers composite for high-performance supercapacitor application

Electrochemical evaluation of ZnO and PAN-based carbon nanofibers composite for high-performance supercapacitor application

Capacity Augmentation Strategy in α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Through Multifaceted Structural and Electrochemical Analyses

Hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) has garnered significant research interest for supercapacitor applications, but capacity fading and limited cyclic life remain serious challenges. In this context, the present research provides a comprehensive study of the factors that significantly impact charge kinetics within the electrode and at the solid/electrolyte interface. By integrating structural and electrochemical analyses, this study offers an effective strategy to enhance the capacity of α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles through rigorous scientific analysis and identification of various qualitative and quantitative factors that influence charge storage capacity. A simple one-step co-precipitation method was adopted to synthesize porous α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. The quantitative analysis of charge kinetics demonstrated the domination of diffusion-controlled charge storage as the main contributor to the total charge storage. The α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles-based electrode delivered a high energy density of 24.6 Wh kg⁻1 at an impressive power density of 478.7 W kg⁻1. Additionally, it displayed a capacity retention of 79% over 10,000 cycle operations. The choice of electrode material and the superior porous nanoarchitecture have proven to be advantageous for high-performance supercapacitor applications, offering fast electron/ion transport.

MOF-on-MOF Derived Co2P/Ni2P Heterostructures for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely used as versatile precursors to fabricate functional nanomaterials with well-defined structures for various applications. Herein, the presynthesized Ni-MOF nanosheets were grown on a Ni foam (NF) substrate, which then guided the nucleation and further growth of Prussian blue analogues (PBA) nanocubes to form MOF-on-MOF of the PBA/Ni-MOF film. This film was subsequently converted into a Co2P/Ni2P heterostructure. The NF-supported Co2P/Ni2P composites exhibited excellent supercapacitor performance, delivering a high specific capacity of 5124.2 mF cm-2 at 1 mA cm-2 and a remarkable capacity retention of 80.69% after 3000 cycles at 10 mA cm-2. An asymmetric supercapacitor assembled using Co2P/Ni2P/NF as the cathode and activated carbon as the anode yielded a maximum energy density of 0.34 mWh cm-2 at a power density of 1.50 mW cm-2. The enhanced supercapacitor performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the Ni2P and Co2P components with multiple valence states as well as the unique hierarchical structure, which provides efficient pathways for electron and ion transport while mitigating volume expansion during energy storage. This synthetic strategy demonstrates an effective approach to fabricate phosphide-based hybrid materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications.

MoS2/Yb, Er-doped CeO2 composite synthesized by hydrothermal method for high-performance supercapacitor applications

MoS2/Yb, Er-doped CeO2 composite synthesized by hydrothermal method for high-performance supercapacitor applications

MnCo2O4 nanospheres entrapped in g-C3N4 network for High-Performance supercapacitor applications

MnCo2O4 nanospheres were embedded in a g-C3N4 network using the solvothermal method with ethylene glycol as the solvent. SEM confirmed the uniformity of the MnCo2O4/g-C3N4 nanospheres, while XRD and XPS were used for structural and elemental analysis, including metal oxidation states. BET analysis revealed the surface area and porosity, while TEM analysis provided information on the interplanar spacing and morphology. Electrochemical evaluations using CV, GCD, and EIS demonstrated that the 2D g-C3N4 nanosheets interwoven with MnCo2O4 nanospheres have excellent specific capacities (654 Fg−1 at 2 Ag−1) and power densities (1521.2 W/kg at 7 Ag−1). The electrode material shows superior cyclic stability with 92.3 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles.

Preparation of N and S heteroatoms doped activated carbon from stalks of Gossypium hirsutum L. flower for high-performance symmetric supercapacitor application

Preparation of N and S heteroatoms doped activated carbon from stalks of Gossypium hirsutum L. flower for high-performance symmetric supercapacitor application

Marigold flower-like structured battery-type Cu2O/Co(OH)2 composite electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors

Addressing the limitations of individual Cu2O and Co(OH)2 components, this study aims to develop a high-performance supercapacitor electrode by synergistically combining these materials. A composite electrode material of Cu2O/Co(OH)2 was effectively synthesized on nickel foam via a facile hydrothermal method for supercapacitor applications. The as-fabricated Cu2O/Co(OH)2 composite electrode exhibits a hierarchical marigold flower-like morphology that comprises of many interspersed nanoflakes. This unique morphology offers several advantages, including increased surface area, abundant electroactive sites, and enhanced electrolyte accessibility, all of which contribute to superior electrochemical performance. The Cu2O/Co(OH)2 electrode demonstrates exceptional battery-type supercapacitor behavior, characterized by prominent redox peaks in cyclic voltammetry curves and a well-defined potential plateau during galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. The electrode delivers an outstanding specific capacitance of 90.21 mA h g⁻1 at a current density of 1.25 A g⁻1 and retains a remarkable 81.91 % capacitance at a high current density of 12.5 A g⁻1. Furthermore, the electrode exhibits impressive cycling stability, maintaining approximately 107.84 % of its initial specific capacity value after 200 cycles at 7.5 A g⁻1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements reveal low solution resistance and charge-transfer resistance, signifying efficient charge-transfer kinetics within the electrode. These findings highlight the potential of Cu2O/Co(OH)2 composite electrodes as promising candidates for high-performance supercapacitor applications.

α-Bi2O3 tubular rods coated on Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor applications

Mixed phases of bismuth oxide nanostructures as an active electrode material in supercapacitor applications have recently gained huge research interest. In this study, the layered Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets and the secondary phase of α-Bi2O3 tubular rods named Bi2O2CO3/α-Bi2O3 heterostructure have been synthesized and utilized for supercapacitor applications. The crystal nature and microstructure of the Bi2O2CO3/α-Bi2O3 heterostructure were initially confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD), Raman, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS, absorbance), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements have investigated the oxidation states and chemical binding energies. Regarding the electrochemical performances, the Bi2O2CO3/α-Bi2O3 heterostructure as electro-active material delivered a maximum specific capacitance (Cs) value of 635 F g−1 at the given current density value of 1 A g−1 in a conventional three-electrode mode. A coin cell type electrode has been fabricated using Bi2O2CO3/α-Bi2O3 heterostructure, resulting in an asymmetric supercapacitor device cell (ASC), which has a Cs of 112 F g− 1 (at 1 A g− 1) and a power density and energy density values of 515 W kg−1 and 22.5 Wh kg−1 respectively. The two supercapacitor electrodes in sequence effectively ignite the red-light-emitting diode (LED). Moreover, in the ASC type Bi2O2CO3 /α-Bi2O3 heterostructure, the specific capacitance value was slightly reduced to 12.3 % by 2000 cycles, showing favourable cyclic performance and stability during the electrochemical process. Based on the above-mentioned characterization, the appropriate electrochemical performances of Bi2O2CO3/α-Bi2O3 tubular rod heterostructures make them a promising candidate for future energy storage devices.

MgOMo2C/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite for high-performance supercapacitor applications

Magnesium molybdate (MgMoO4) nanostructure has been successfully prepared and employed as a catalyst for the production of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by the chemical vapor deposition method. The prepared nanostructure materials are characterized through XRD, TEM, FTIR, BET and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD results and TEM images confirm the formation of the plate-like MgMoO4 structure, as well as the existence of Mo2C and CNTs in the type of bundles structure (CNTBs). The high dispersion and stability of Mo nanoparticles in the composite of plate-like MgMoO4 is responsible for the formation of CNTBs with uniform diameters. Thus, the plate-like MgMoO4 nanoparticles and the MgOMo2C@CNTBs hybrid material are assessed as electrodes in a supercapacitor device for the first time. The produced hybrid supercapacitor MgOMo2C@CNTBs has a good specific capacitance (354 F g−1) and strong cycling stability (82 percent capacity retention over 2000 cycles)

Graphene oxide from coconut shells for high-performance supercapacitor application

Globally, the demand for materials with high ultrafast charge rates yet slow discharge continues to rise which has resulted in extensive research into supercapacitors. Although the current supercapacitors can meet such demands, the high processing cost coupled with the use of toxic chemicals remains a major concern. In this study, porous graphene oxide (GO) with a unique morphology was synthesized by an improved Tour’s method for supercapacitor application using coconut shells as a precursor. The structure of the synthesized material consists of partially graphitized walls of porous GO. The surface morphology, the defects created in the GO, and the specific surface area of the as-synthesized materials were studied. When evaluated as an electrode material for supercapacitors, a specific capacitance of 173 F/g at 0.5 A/g in 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 139 F/g at 0.5 A/g in 2 M KOH was recorded. Moreover, a high capacitance retention of 99.3% was recorded after 1000 cycles, confirming the good cyclic stability of the synthesized electrode material. The good electrochemical performance can be attributed to the electrode material’s intrinsic structural and compositional superiorities. These findings indicate the potential of using coconut shells as a precursor for the synthesis of high-performance graphene-based supercapacitor electrodes with improved cost-effectiveness and reduced environmental impact.

Synergistic Schottky contacts & diatomic doping in Cr/P-MoS2@Ti3C2Tx with boosted energy storage performance

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), despite its promising attributes, suffers from low conductivity and aggregation. Herein, we introduce a novel approach that integrates Schottky contacts with Cr/P diatomic doping in MoS2@Ti3C2Tx, significantly enhancing its performance. The Schottky contacts effectively suppress aggregation and accelerate interfacial charge transfer, while Cr/P doping boosts conductivity, active sites, and stability. As a result, the Cr/P-MoS2@Ti3C2Tx electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 650 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, which is fourfold higher than that of pristine MoS2. When assembled into an asymmetric supercapacitor (Cr/P-MoS2@Ti3C2Tx//AC ASC), the device achieves a peak energy density of 32 Wh kg-1 at 303 W kg-1, maintaining 85% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles with an impressive coulombic efficiency of 97%. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations validate the beneficial effects of Schottky contacts and diatomic doping on the improved energy storage performance of Cr/P-MoS2@Ti3C2Tx. This work demonstrates the promising potential of the material for applications in high-performance supercapacitors (SCs).

Comparative electrochemical properties of MO (ZrO2, V2O5) based polyaniline nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitor applications

Due to its distinctive qualities, such as its moderate energy density, extended service life, rapid discharge–charge rates, and superior safety, supercapacitors (SCs) are gaining more and more attention. A zirconium oxide ZrO2 (Zr) and vanadium oxide V2O5 (VO) based PANI nanocomposites, denoted as (ZrP for ZrO2/PANI, and VOP for V2O5/PANI) are fabricated using hydrothermal technique in this research work. Morphological and phase investigations validated the random particle shapes with good crystallinity and purity of the samples. The N2 sorption/desorption isotherm reveals a mesoporous feature of the electrodes and the highest BET surface area (36.5 m2/g) with large electroactive sites, which offers abundant faradaic reactions for charge storage. The I-V characteristics confirm their excellent conduction capabilities as well. When utilized as electrodes for SCs in the three-electrode setup, the VOP composite electrode attains the highest capacitance of 1372 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 compared with other active electrodes. Besides that, the VOP electrodes offer superior cyclic stability, with a retention rate of 94.28% even after 7000 consecutive charge/discharge cycles. It has been discovered that the in two electrode VOP asymmetric device exhibited remarkable specific capacitance of 651.36 Fg−1 at 5 mV s−1 demonstrating a significant capacitance retention of 87.6% over 6000 cycles. The results suggest that the material could be a good contender for electrode materials in supercapacitors.

ZIF-8-Based Nitrogen and Monoatomic Metal Co-Doped Pyrolytic Porous Carbon for High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) receive wide attention owing to their high specific surface area, porosity, and structural designability. In this paper, ZC-Ru and ZC-Cu electrodes loaded with monatomic Ru and Cu doped with nitrogen were prepared by pyrolysis, ion impregnation, and carbonization process using ZIF-8 synthesized by static precipitation as a precursor. ZC-Cu has a high specific surface area of 859.78 m2 g-1 and abundant heteroatoms O (10.04%) and N (13.9%), showing the specific capacitance of 222.21 F g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 in three-electrode system, and low equivalent series resistance (Rct: 0.13 Ω), indicating excellent energy storage capacity and electrical conductivity. After 10,000 cycles at 1 A g-1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte, it still has an outstanding capacitance retention of 99.42%. Notably, symmetric supercapacitors ZC-Cu//ZC-Cu achieved the maximum power density and energy density of 485.12 W·kg-1 and 1.61 Wh·kg-1, respectively, positioning ZC-Cu among the forefront of previously known MOF-based electrode materials. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of ZC-Cu in the supercapacitor industry and provides a facile approach to the treatment of transition metal.

Fabrication and characterization of Sb2O3–MoS2 nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitor applications

Binary nanocomposite-based electrodes have been studied extensively in recent times owing to their multiple oxidation states, excellent physico-chemical features, and combined morphology, which are suitable for increasing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. The present work deals with Sb2O3–MoS2 nanocomposites electrode for supercapacitor applications. The x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations have been studied to analyze the phase formation, vibrational modes, morphology, elemental composition and binding energies of the prepared Sb2O3–MoS2 nanocomposites electrode material, as well as their electrochemical measurements such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been analyzed. The developed Sb2O3–MoS2 nanocomposites electrode provides a high specific capacitance of 454.3 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1. Further, the hybrid supercapacitor device has been constructed which shows 104.04 F g−1 of specific capacitance at 2 A g−1 and manifests a good energy density of 24.42 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1299.89 W kg−1. Additionally, the hybrid device Sb2O3–MoS2//AC exhibits a good capacitive retention of 90.6% and a coulombic efficiency of 100.45% at 10 A g-1 over 8000 cycles.

Modulating charge distribution of MIL@CuFe-Se by in-situ interface engineering for high performance supercapacitors

Designing hybrid materials with ideal interfacial interactions derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) remains significant but challenging for the realm of energy storage. Herein, a controllable dual interface engineering concept is proposed with the objective of eliminating the non-ideal effects by augmenting the interfacial contact area, enhancing the efficacy of charge transfer across interfaces. Specifically, electrode materials with dual interface (FeSe/Cu2Se and MIL/CuFe-Se) were well-designed by co-precipitation and in-situ selenide, where the FeSe/Cu2Se heterogeneous interface by in-situ selenitisation of CuFe prussian blue analogue (PBA) increases the surface roughness of nanocubes, enlarging the dual interfacial contact area of MIL/CuFe-Se and eliminating non-interfacial effects. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the prepared electrodes exhibit both excellent rate performance and the ability to regulate interfacial charge transfer. Based on these advantages, the synthesised nanomaterials have a specific capacity of 913C/g at 1 A/g and a capacity retention of 86 % after 10,000 charge/discharge tests at 20 A/g. In addition, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) made of MIL@CuFe-Se (cathode) and activated carbon (AC, anode) has an energy density of 90 Wh kg−1 at 800 W kg−1 and a capacitance retention of 85.24 % after 10,000 cycles at 20 A/g. Remarkably, two MIL@CuFe-Se//AC HSC in series can illuminate a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, implying the potential application prospects. This study aims to identify a viable method for advancing the development of high-performance supercapacitor applications.

Controllable preparation of polymetallic selenides and their application in high-performance supercapacitors

Transition metal selenides (TMSes) have garnered considerable interest as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors owing to their promising electrochemical properties, but the fabrication of intricate nanostructured electrodes utilizing these compounds still poses a formidable challenge. In this study, a ternary transition metal selenide nanomaterial Cu2MnSnSe4, which has rarely been reported, was successfully synthesized on nickel foam (NF) by a simple solvothermal method, and its electrochemical properties have not been concern by researchers. We systematically studied the electrochemical properties of the materials synthesized under different solvothermal reaction times, and discussed the relationship between reaction time and electrochemical properties. The unique porous surface architecture of the sea urchin-like nanosphere configuration in Cu2MnSnSe4 material grants it a significantly enhanced specific surface area and a proliferation of electrochemically active sites, surpassing those of other comparable materials. According to the synthesis reaction time from short to long, the materials were named Cu2MnSnSe4-1 (20h), Cu2MnSnSe4-2 (25h) and Cu2MnSnSe4-3 (30h), among which Cu2MnSnSe4-2 showed better electrochemical performance than the other two. Electrochemical results show that the prepared Cu2MnSnSe4-2 electrode possesses an outstanding specific capacitance of 930.6 mF cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2, good rate performance (92 %), and a capacitance retention rate is 67.57 % after 3000 cycles of charging and discharging. The asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) exhibits a voltage window spanning 0–1.6 V, reaching an outstanding energy density of 0.076 mWh cm−2 at 1.47 mW cm−2. Remarkably, it maintains 129.63 % cycling stability even after enduring 5000 charge-discharge cycles. From the above results, it can be seen that Cu2MnSnSe4 material may be a promising electrode material with broad application prospects in the practical application of supercapacitors.

Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Ag-Doped ZnO Nanocomposite Utilizing Sansevieria trifasciata for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of a biofabricated nanomaterial derived from Sansevieria trifasciata root extract, evaluating its structural, morphological, and optical properties for use in asymmetric supercapacitors. The nanomaterial comprises pristine ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and a 1% Ag-doped ZnO nanocomposite (Ag@ZnO NC), synthesized through a green-assisted sol-gel autocombustion method. Employing techniques such as X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible near-infrared, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-rayspectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, the study confirms a hexagonal wurtzite structure and nanocrystallites with spherical and hexagonal shapes (30 nm). Optical analysis reveals a red shift in the band gap with Ag doping, indicating improved conductivity. The material shows potential applications in solar cells, optoelectronics, spintronics, wastewater treatment, and high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Raman spectra validate the wurtzite phase and identify intrinsic defects. Electrochemical tests demonstrate remarkable supercapacitive behavior with a 94% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles, highlighting its promise as advanced asymmetric supercapacitors.

Electrical conductivity of polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose doped by zinc oxide and hematite nanoparticles for optoelectronics devices

This research explores polymer nanodielectrics, a category of materials where nanoceramic fillers are incorporated into polymers. These hybrid materials are gaining significant interest because of their tunable optical and electrical characterization, making them potentially well-suited for applications in flexible optoelectronic and organic electronic devices. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), zinc oxide (ZnO), and hematite (Fe2O3) nanoparticles were utilized to fabricate PVA/CMC-ZnO/Fe2O3 films XRD analysis indicated a reduction in the crystalline character of the PVA/CMC blend following the doping of ZnO/Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs). FTIR data approved the complexation between the PVA/CMC blend and the ZnO/Fe2O3, leading to a decrease in intermolecular interactions within the polymeric matrix and coordination with the ZnO/Fe2O3. Electrical analysis obtained an enhancement in σac values with the increase of ZnO/Fe2O3 NPs concentration up to 30 min of laser ablation times The findings from this study suggest the promise of these materials for applications in high-performance batteries, supercapacitors, or other next-generation energy storage and conversion devices.

CuFeS2/Carbon Sphere Nanocomposites for Improved Capacitive Performance

CuFeS2 has many advantages, like high electrical conductivity, multiple redox centers, natural abundance and nontoxic. However, the low capacitance limits their application. In this work, we use carbon spheres (CS) prepared from starch to modify CuFeS2. The prepared CuFeS2/CS shows special structures with the CS as the core and CuFeS2 as the shell. These CuFeS2/CS nanocomposites show improved capacitive performance. CuFeS2/CS has a specific capacitance of 349.4[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 0.5[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], four times that of pristine CuFeS2 (88.8[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text], which might be attributed to the increased electrolyte diffusion capacity. The cyclic stability is also slightly improved, from 86.4% of the pristine CuFeS2 to 90.5% of the CuFeS2/CS nanocomposites due to the rigid structure of both crystal CuFeS2 and firm CS. These CuFeS2/CS nanocomposites are expected to be used in high-performance supercapacitor applications.

An in-depth investigation of physico-electro chemical properties of NiCo2S4 nano composites for high-performance supercapacitor applications

An in-depth investigation of physico-electro chemical properties of NiCo2S4 nano composites for high-performance supercapacitor applications