Applications In Disease Management Research Articles

Perceptual Pigeon Galvanized Optimization of Multi-objective CNN on the Identification and Classification of Mango Leaves Disease

Aims The aim of this study is to develop a strong Multi-objective Convolutional Neural Network (MOCNN) optimized using Perceptual Pigeon Galvanized Optimization (PPGO) for accurate identification and classification of mango leaf diseases. This approach aims to increase classification accuracy, computational efficiency, and generalization ability. The ultimate goal is to improve disease management in mango crops through advanced image-based diagnostic techniques. Background Demands for the consumption of mango (Mangifera indica) fruit and its leaves were growing exponentially in all parts of the world due to its large health benefits for various organs in the human body. However, these plants were largely exposed to various kinds of microbial diseases during cultivation despite the application of pesticides. Hence, it is becoming a significant threat to the farmers and to the food industry. Objective The objectives of this study are to develop reliable methods for the early identification of mango leaf diseases, enabling prompt intervention and reducing crop damage. Additionally, the study aims to provide effective disease management applications that will help farmers minimize crop losses and maintain their economic stability. Methods PPGO is an advanced optimization algorithm inspired by the natural foraging behavior of pigeons. It integrates perceptual hashing and galvanic responses to adaptively adjust the search process, allowing for efficient exploration and exploitation of the solution space. The multi-objective convolutional neural network is trained to minimize a composite loss function that considers classification accuracy, computational efficiency, and generalization error. Results The Perceptual Pigeon Galvanized Optimization (PPGO) with a Multi-objective Convolutional Neural Network (MOCNN) demonstrates superior performance compared to traditional CNN optimization techniques. The results show an accuracy of 96%, recall of 94%, precision of 92%, and an F1 score of 92%. These metrics surpass those of existing methods such as Efficient Supervised Learning based on Deep Neural Network (ESDNN), Hierarchical Deep Learning Support Vector Machine (HDLSVM), Ordinal Regression Neural Network (ORNN), Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Local Contrast Normalization Convolutional Neural Network (LCNN), and Visual Geometry Group Network (VGGNET 19). Conclusion The integration of Perceptual Pigeon Galvanized Optimization with a Multi-objective Convolutional Neural Network offers a powerful approach for identifying and classifying mango leaf diseases. The proposed method effectively balances multiple performance metrics, leading to a robust and efficient model suitable for real-world agricultural applications.

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Sustainable Crop Disease Management: Current Applications, Mechanistic Insights, and Future Challenges.

Efficient management of crop diseases and yield enhancement are essential for addressing the increasing food demands due to global population growth. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have rapidly evolved throughout the 21st century, are notable for their vast surface area, porosity, and adaptability, establishing them as highly effective vehicles for controlled drug delivery. This review methodically categorizes common MOFs employed in crop disease management and details their effectiveness against various pathogens. Additionally, by critically evaluating existing research, it outlines strategic approaches for the design of drug-delivery MOFs and explains the mechanisms through which MOFs enhance disease resistance. Finally, this paper identifies the current challenges in MOF research for crop disease management and suggests directions for future research. Through this in-depth review, the paper seeks to enrich the understanding of MOFs applications in crop disease management and offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners.

Evaluation of Reduced Fungicide Applications for Disease Management in Cold-Climate Wine Grapes in Wisconsin.

Cold-climate wine grapes are produced on 8,000 ha in the North Central region of the United States. Wisconsin has experienced considerable growth, with a 26% increase in acreage since 2017. Chemical management of fungal diseases in cold-climate, interspecific hybrid grapes mirrors that of traditional Vitis vinifera cultivars despite significant differences in disease susceptibility. Most cold-climate cultivars display disease tolerance or resistance to key pathogens such as Plasmopara viticola (downy mildew), Erysiphe necator (powdery mildew), and Phyllosticta ampelicida (black rot). Current fungicide programs in Wisconsin's cold-climate grape industry underutilize genetic resistance, resulting in overreliance on at-risk fungicides and an increased threat of fungicide resistance development. In vineyard trials, the impacts of a reduced fungicide application number compared to current grower "Standard" programs was assessed for disease incidence and severity for five diseases: anthracnose, black rot, downy mildew, Phomopsis cane and leaf spot and powdery mildew. In 2022, with moderate disease pressure at both vineyard sites, there were no significant differences observed when fewer fungicides (six or five applications vs. four applications) were applied. In 2023, higher disease incidence was observed in the "Standard" spray program at one study location which received a greater number of fungicide applications. In both years, grape cultivar was a significant factor with the 'LaCrosse' displaying greater average disease severity than the 'St. Pepin' in both the "Standard" and "Reduced" Programs. These findings present a promising opportunity for cold-climate grape growers to reduce the number of fungicide applications while maintaining disease control and marketable yield.

Hass Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Peel Extract Reveals Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties against Verticillium theobromae, Colletotrichum musae, and Aspergillus niger Pathogens Affecting Musa acuminata Colla Species, in Ecuador.

The utilization of agroindustrial residues, such as avocado peel, as a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties has garnered significant attention. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant potential using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) methods, along with the antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds extracted from Hass avocado peel. These soluble polyphenols were quantified and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The research focused on their effects against three fungal pathogens, Verticillium theobromae, Colletotrichum musae, and Aspergillus niger, which significantly impact banana crops, an essential agricultural commodity in Ecuador. The results have revealed that the application of 80% ethanol as an organic solvent led to increased soluble polyphenol content compared to 96% ethanol. Extraction time significantly influenced the phenolic content, with the highest values obtained at 90 min. Interestingly, despite substantial mycelial growth observed across all extract concentrations, the antifungal effect varied among the pathogens. Specifically, V. theobromae exhibited the highest sensitivity, while C. musae and A. niger were less affected. These results underscore the importance of considering both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties when evaluating natural extracts for potential applications in plant disease management.

Causal relationship between neuroticism and bone mineral density: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Recent observational studies have indicated that psychiatric disorders were associated with risk of bone mineral density (BMD) reduction. But the causal relationship between neuroticism and BMD remained unclear. By using public genome-wide association study data, a 2-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to investigate the causal relationship between neuroticism and BMD (heel BMD, forearm BMD, femoral neck BMD, lumbar spine BMD, and total body BMD). Inverse-variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger were used to assess the causal effects. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the potential bias of the causal estimates. Multivariable MR analysis was used to assess the direct causal effects of neuroticism on BMD with adjustment of common risk factors of BMD reduction. Univariable MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted higher neuroticism was significantly associated with an increased risk of heel BMD reduction (inverse-variance weighted β = -0.039; se = 0.01; P = .0001; Bonferroni-corrected P = .0005) but not with other BMD (forearm BMD, femoral neck BMD, lumbar spine BMD, and total body BMD) potentially due to limited statistical power. The causal effects remained significant after accounting for the effects of body mass index, smoking, and drinking. Genetic proxy for higher neuroticism was significantly associated with an increased risk of heel BMD reduction. Further studies were warranted to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms and explore the potential application in disease early screening and management.

Mobile health applications for disease management in rural areas: A systematic review

Mobile health applications for disease management in rural areas: A systematic review

PlanteSaine: An Artificial Intelligent Empowered Mobile Application for Pests and Disease Management for Maize, Tomato, and Onion Farmers in Burkina Faso

This study presents PlanteSaine, a novel mobile application powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) models explicitly designed for maize, tomato, and onion farmers in Burkina Faso. Agriculture in Burkina Faso, like many developing nations, faces substantial challenges from plant pests and diseases, posing threats to both food security and economic stability. PlanteSaine addresses these challenges by offering a comprehensive solution that provides farmers with real-time identification of pests and diseases. Farmers capture images of affected plants with their smartphones, and PlanteSaine’s AI system analyzes these images to provide accurate diagnoses. The application’s offline functionality ensures accessibility even in remote areas with limited Internet connectivity, while its messaging feature facilitates communication with agricultural authorities for guidance and support. Additionally, PlanteSaine includes an emergency alert mechanism to notify farmers about pest and disease outbreaks, enhancing their preparedness to deal with these threats. An AI-driven framework, featuring an image feature extraction phase with EfficientNetB3 and an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier, was developed and integrated into PlanteSaine. The evaluation of PlanteSaine demonstrates its superior performance compared to baseline models, showcasing its effectiveness in accurately detecting diseases and pests across maize, tomato, and onion crops. Overall, this study highlights the potential of PlanteSaine to revolutionize agricultural technology in Burkina Faso and beyond. Leveraging AI and mobile computing, PlanteSaine provides farmers with accessible and reliable pest and disease management tools, ultimately contributing to sustainable farming practices and enhancing food security. The success of PlanteSaine underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in addressing pressing challenges in global agriculture

Cutting-edge technology application for prostate disease management in Indonesia: implementation of Healthcare 5.0 towards Indonesia’s Golden Vision 2045

[No abstract available]

Evaluation of Integrated Pest and Disease Management Combinations against Major Insect Pests and Diseases of Tomato in Tamil Nadu, India

Tomatoes are one of the predominant vegetable crops grown throughout the year in Tamil Nadu, India. Their perishable nature and resource-intensive cultivation make them susceptible to biotic stress. The damage caused by invasive insect pests, bacterial wilt during the rainy season, and viral diseases are major yield-limiting factors, and the farmers mostly depend on calendar-based insecticide applications for insect pest and disease management in tomatoes. The desired tomato hybrids grafted onto bacterial wilt-resistant eggplant rootstocks offer protection against bacterial wilt during the rainy season. The integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) practices consist of resistant grafted tomato seedlings (wild eggplant rootstocks EG 203 and TS 03), bioinoculants (Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma asperellum + Purpureocillium lilacinum), pheromone traps (Phthorimaea absoluta and Helicoverpa armigera), botanicals (azadirachtin), microbial pesticides (Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Beauveria bassiana), and bio-rationals, which were evaluated in four locations in two major tomato-growing tracts of Tamil Nadu. The results revealed that the treatment EG 203 eggplant rootstock-grafted tomato along with IPDM practices performed better across all experimental locations than the other treatment combinations viz., TS 03 eggplant rootstock-grafted tomato + IPDM, tomato + IPDM, grafted tomato + farmers’ practice and tomato + farmers’ practice. The EG 203-grafted tomato recorded a higher yield than the farmers’ practice with significantly superior biometric parameters. The treatment of EG 203-grafted tomato and IPDM practices can be adopted for safer tomato production by enabling a reduction in pesticide applications while enhancing productivity.

Translating Human and Animal Model Studies to Dogs' and Cats' Veterinary Care: Beta-Glucans Application for Skin Disease, Osteoarthritis, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management.

The inclusion of beta-glucans in dog and cat food is associated with numerous beneficial effects on the health of these animals. In this regard, there is an effort to elucidate the potential of this nutraceutical in chronic patients. Since there is a lack of a review on the topic, this review article aims to compile and discuss the evidence found to date. Atopic dermatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and osteoarthritis are diseases of significant clinical relevance in dogs and cats. In general, the pathophysiology of these chronic conditions is related to immune-mediated and inflammatory mechanisms. Therefore, the immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of beta-glucans are highlighted throughout this review. The available information seems to indicate that the studies on beta-glucans' impact on allergic processes in dogs indicate a reduction in clinical signs in atopic dermatitis cases. Additionally, while beta-glucans show promise as a safe supplement, particularly for osteoarthritis, further clinical trials are imperative, especially in uncontrolled environments. Beta-glucans emerge as a potential nutraceutical offering immune benefits for inflammatory bowel disease patients, although extensive research is required to define its optimal origin, molecular weight, dosage, and specific applications across animals suffering from this disease.

Assessing the efficiency of UAV for pesticide application in disease management of peanut crop.

Effective utilization of plant protection UAVs in peanut cultivation management necessitates a comprehensive grasp of how application volume rates and pesticides influence peanut leaf spot and rust control. This study aimed to compare the effects of application volume rates and pesticides on droplet deposition, disease, leaf retention rate and peanut yield. A T20 plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayer was used to apply four various pesticide doses. In comparison, a knapsack sprayer was used to spray with an application volume rate of 450 L ha-1. The results showed a significant difference in droplet deposition between the plant protection UAVs and the electric knapsack sprayer. In the pesticide treatment with an application volume rate of 15.0 L ha-1, there was no significant difference in the deposition on the peanut canopy of each pesticide treatment, but there was a significant difference in the deposition on the ground in the treatment with adding vegetable oil adjuvant. The treatment with added vegetable oil additives showed the worst performance. The treatment with an application volume rate of 22.5 L ha-1 showed the best performance, with the leaf spot control effect being only 0.3% lower than that of the electric knapsack sprayer. Plant protection UAV spraying is feasible to control peanut diseases. Considering the operational effectiveness of the plant protection UAV and application volume rate, it is recommended to use an application volume rate of 22.5 L ha-1 without adding vegetable oil adjuvants for field operations. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Effect of chitosan-tripolyphosphate to suppress anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) in post-harvest chili

Anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum spp.) in chili can lead to low fruit quantity and quality from planting to the postharvest stage. The environmentally friendly management using chitosan (CS) is expected to suppress anthracnose disease and increase the shelf-life of chili. This study aimed to determine the effect of the chitosan-tripolyphosphate (CS-TPP) to suppress anthracnose on chili during postharvest storage through in-vitro and in-vivo assays. In the in-vitro assay, CS-TPP solution with a ratio of [5:2] and [3:1] was applied into a warm Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. It was grown by Colletotrichum pathogen, while on in vivo assay, CS-TPP was applied to chili fruit before being inoculated by the pathogen. A control treatment was prepared without CS-TPP application. Results revealed that the CS-TPP ratios affected the growth of Colletotrichum spp. at the in-vitro assay. The CS-TPP [5:2] ratio was more effective than CS-TPP [3:1] in reducing the growth of Colletotrichum spp. with the fungal inhibition of 62,65% and 55,56%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. Moreover, it also showed anthracnose disease suppression on chili fruit of 51%, and 29%, respectively, compared to control treatment at in-vivo assay. This study showed the potential use of CS-TPP as a coating application for anthracnose disease management on storage chili, however further study such as viability and longevity of formula need to be done.

Healthcare workers' perspectives on the availability and use of mobile health technologies for disease diagnosis and treatment support in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.

Considering the usefulness of mobile health (mHealth) technologies in healthcare delivery in low- and middle-income countries, including Ghana; there is a need to explore healthcare professionals' perspectives on the availability and use of mHealth for disease screening and treatment of patients' conditions. The study's main aim is to explore healthcare professionals' perspectives regarding the availability and use of mHealth applications for disease screening and management at point-of-care in Ghana's Ashanti Region. We conducted in-depth interviews with healthcare professionals who use mHealth applications daily between July and September 2020. A purposive sampling strategy was employed to select healthcare professionals who have been using mobile health application tools to support healthcare delivery. The researchers conducted 14 in-depth interviews with healthcare professionals on the availability and use of mHealth applications to support disease diagnosis and treatment of patients' conditions. Data were transcribed, coded, arranged, and analyzed to determine categories and themes. The study results demonstrated that healthcare workers had positive perceptions towards mHealth applications. Healthcare professionals identified significant challenges concerning mHealth applications: the high cost of data; lack of education or limited awareness; poor mobile networks; unstable internet connectivity; erratic power supply; and unavailability of logistics. Healthcare professionals identified the following prerequisite strategies to strengthen the use and scale-up of mHealth applications: stable internet connectivity; creating awareness; supplying logistics; reducing the cost of data; and developing local mobile apps. The study results revealed the availability of mHealth applications at the individual level for disease screening and treatment support of patients' conditions. The study also showed several significant challenges facing mHealth applications which need to be addressed to guarantee the successful implementation and scaling-up of mHealth activities at all levels of healthcare delivery. Hence, future research should incorporate healthcare professionals' perspectives to completely understand mHealth implementation and scaling-up challenges and measures to inform policy regulations.

Charge-Based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Plasma.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in disease diagnostics and management. However, the process of isolating EVs, primarily from blood samples, is still suboptimal. This is mainly attributed to the abundant nature of soluble proteins and lipoproteins, which are often separated together with EVs in the end products of conventional isolation methods. As such, we devise a single-step charge-based EV isolation method by utilizing positively charged beads to selectively remove negatively charged major impurities from human plasma via electrostatic interaction. By carefully controlling the buffer pH, we successfully collected EVs from undesired plasma components with superior purity and yield compared to conventional EV collection methods. Moreover, the developed process is rapid, taking only about 20 min for overall EV isolation. The charge-based isolation can ultimately benefit the EV-based liquid biopsy field for the early diagnosis of various diseases.

IJCM_81A: A Qualitative Study to Analyze the Awareness and Attitude of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Other Potential End-users on mHealth Applications for Disease Management.

Background: Diabetes requires intense multidisciplinary management techniques based on which the disease management strategies are adjusted to control the blood glucose values. There are numerous digital diabetic management applications available online, but Indian subscribers to such applications are minimal when compared with the diabetes population in India. The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a tremendous increase in the use of glucometers and other digital applications, which is a promising factor in propagating the idea of effective usage of mHealth applications. Objective: To analyze awareness and attitudes among the major digital health application stakeholders toward using mHealth applications in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methodology: An in-depth interview (IDI) was conducted among T2DM patients, their caregivers, Doctors, and Diabetes counselors (that includes, nursing counselors, and diet counselors) in the endocrinology department of a tertiary care hospital in South India. Result: The findings revealed that the T2DM patients, despite knowing mHealth applications for T2DM management, are not very fond of using any of them for various reasons such as language and technology barriers, complexity of handling the application, and following application instructions. Conclusion: It was evident that there is a growing need to create awareness about the advantages of using digital applications for disease management and develop user-oriented, user-friendly applications for better acceptance of digital devices.

Uncovering the Emerging Prospects of Lipid-based Nanoparticulate Vehicles in Lung Cancer Management: A Recent Perspective.

Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, is gaining research interest more than ever before. Owing to the burden of pathogenesis on the quality of life of patients and subsequently the healthcare system, research efforts focus on its management and amelioration. In an effort to improve bioavailability, enhance stability, minimize adverse effects and reduce the incidence of resistance, nanotechnological platforms have been harnessed for drug delivery and improving treatment outcomes. Lipid nanoparticles, in particular, offer an interesting clinical opportunity with respect to the delivery of a variety of agents. These include synthetic chemotherapeutic agents, immunotherapeutic molecules, as well as phytoconstituents with promising anticancer benefits. In addition to this, these systems are being studied for their usage in conjunction with other treatment strategies. However, their applications remain limited owing to a number of challenges, chiefly clinical translation. There is a need to address the scalability of such technologies, in order to improve accessibility. The authors aim to offer a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of lipid nanoparticles and their application in lung cancer, the interplay of disease pathways and their mechanism of action and the potential for delivery of a variety of agents. Additionally, a discussion with respect to results from preclinical studies has also been provided. The authors have also provided a well-rounded insight into the limitations and future perspectives. While the possibilities are endless, there is a need to undertake focused research to expedite clinical translation and offer avenues for wider applications in disease management.

Flavonoids as Insecticides in Crop Protection-A Review of Current Research and Future Prospects.

Pesticide overuse in agricultural systems has resulted in the development of pest resistance, the impoverishment of soil microbiota, water pollution, and several human health issues. Nonetheless, farmers still depend heavily on these agrochemicals for economically viable production, given the high frequency at which crops are affected by pests. Phytopathogenic insects are considered the most destructive pests on crops. Botanical pesticides have gained attention as potential biopesticides and complements to traditional pesticides, owing to their biodegradability and low toxicity. Plant-based extracts are abundant in a wide variety of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, a class of polyphenols that have been extensively studied for this purpose because of their involvement in plant defense responses. The present review offers a comprehensive review of current research on the potential of flavonoids as insecticides for crop protection, addressing the modes and possible mechanisms of action underlying their bioactivity. The structure-activity relationship is also discussed. It also addresses challenges associated with their application in pest and disease management and suggests alternatives to overcome these issues.

Magnetic-optical dual-modality imaging monitoring chemotherapy efficacy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with a low-dose fibronectin-targeting Gd-based contrast agent.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal hypovascular tumor surrounded by dense fibrosis. Albumin-bound paclitaxel and gemcitabine (AG) chemotherapy is the mainstay of PDAC treatment through depleting peritumoral fibrosis and killing tumor cells; however, it remains challenging due to the lack of a noninvasive imaging method evaluating fibrotic changes during AG chemotherapy. In this study, we developed a dual-modality imaging platform that enables noninvasive, dynamic, and quantitative assessment of chemotherapy-induced fibrotic changes through near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using an extradomain B fibronectin (EDB-FN)-targeted imaging probe (ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7). The ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 probe was constructed by conjugating a peptide (Cys-TVRTSAD) to Gd-DOTA and the near-infrared dye Cy7. PDAC murine xenograft models were intravenously injected with ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 at a Gd concentration of 0.05 mmol/kg or free Cy7 and Gd-DOTA as control. The normalized tumor background ratio (TBR) on FMI and the T1 reduction ratio on MRI were quantitatively analyzed. For models receiving AG chemotherapy or saline, MRI/FMI was performed before and after treatment. Histological analyses were performed for validation. The ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 concentration showed a linear correlation with the fluorescence intensity and T1 relaxation time in vitro. The optimal imaging time was 30min after injection of the ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 (0.05 mmol/kg), only half of the clinic dosage of gadolinium. Additionally, ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 generated a 1.44-fold and 1.90-fold robust contrast enhancement compared with Cy7 (P < 0.05) and Gd-DOTA (P < 0.05), respectively. For AG chemotherapy monitoring, the T1 reduction ratio and normalized TBR in the fibrotic tumor areas were significantly increased by 1.99-fold (P < 0.05) and 1.78-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, in the control group compared with those in the AG group. MRI/FMI with a low dose of ZD2-Gd-DOTA-Cy7 enables sensitive imaging of PDAC and the quantitative assessment of fibrotic changes during AG chemotherapy, which shows potential clinical applications for precise diagnosis, post-treatment monitoring, and disease management.

Polyphenols in health and food processing: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant insights.

Polyphenols, as subordinate metabolites of plants, have demonstrated significant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant action in scientific learn. These compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, containing interference with microbial cell structures, rule of host immune responses, and neutralization of free radicals. This multifaceted activity positions polyphenols as promising candidates for maintaining human health and treating related diseases. Notably, in the context of escalating antibiotic resistance, the antibacterial properties of polyphenols offer innovative avenues for the development of new therapeutic agents. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects hold substantial potential for treating inflammatory diseases and mitigating the aging process. This review aims to summarize the latest findings on the biological activities of polyphenols, highlighting their mechanisms of action and potential applications in health and disease management. Furthermore, optimizing polyphenol extraction methods aligns with the goals of sustainable and green processing, reducing environmental impact while enhancing food safety and extending shelf life. Employing advanced analytical techniques, such as spectroscopy and chromatography, can ensure the accurate evaluation of polyphenol content and efficacy. These efforts collectively contribute to the ongoing improvement of food processing practices and product quality, promoting a healthier and more sustainable future in the food industry.

Unveiling the anti-inflammatory potential of 11β,13-dihydrolactucin for application in inflammatory bowel disease management.

Management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses significant challenges, and there is a need for innovative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of the dietary sesquiterpene lactone (SL) 11β,13-dihydrolactucin, which can be found in chicory, in three distinct complementary models of intestinal inflammation (two cell models and a zebrafish model), offering comprehensive insights into its potential application for IBD treatment alternatives. In a triple cell co-culture composed of Caco-2, HT29-MTX-E12, and Raji B, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin demonstrated remarkable anti-inflammatory activity at several levels of the cellular inflammatory response. Notably, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin prevented the activation of critical signalling pathways associated with inflammation, namely NF-κB and MAPK p38. This SL also decreased the release of the neutrophil-recruiting chemokine IL-8. Additionally, the compound reduced the gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as the gene and protein expression of the inflammatory inducible enzymes iNOS and COX-2. In a myofibroblast-like human cell model, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin decreased the release of the cytokine TNF-α and the COX-2-derived inflammation mediator PGE2. Finally, in a zebrafish model of gut inflammation, 11β,13-dihydrolactucin effectively reduced neutrophil infiltration, further supporting its anti-inflammatory efficacy in a physiological context. Collectively, our findings highlight the promising anti-inflammatory potential of 11β,13-dihydrolactucin across various facets of intestinal inflammation, providing a foundation for the consideration of chicory as a promising candidate for incorporation in food or nutraceutical products for the potential prevention of IBD.