Related Applications Research Articles

Limits and Potentials of Special Relativity

This paper presents the application of special relativity to different thought experiments. Some issues will be noted and a modification of special relativity will be presented. That modification can be tested and one interpretation of the preliminary result supports the modification. After presenting the history of special relativity, the non-simultaneity of special relativity is questioned in our macro world. In addition, some issues between light-clocks and the application of Lorentz transformation are presented. All this indicates that there is something not right with special relativity. A new proposal is presented based on an adaptation of special relativity; this new proposal solves the anomalies and could be a solution to the twin paradox. It has a prediction: a difference with special relativity which has been tested with a new experiment and the preliminary results support the new proposal. Previously, a lack of special relativistic effects has been observed in the universe [Davis et al., 2004]; that second observation is also explained with the new proposal.

An application of recurrence relations to central force fields

By generalizing the relationships between auxiliary variables that appear in the works of A.E. Roy, we investigate the dynamics of non-interacting particles under the action of a central force field whose force function is a solution to a certain differential equation. The method used by A.E. Roy, R. Broucke, and later by G. Sitarski, was utilized in such a way that the obtained recursive equations can be used to describe the motion of a particle under such a field. The class of such fields includes both gravitational and non-gravitational force fields. Several numerical and historically essential examples and detailed discussions of various cases are given.

Modification of Adomian decomposition technique in multiplicative calculus and application for nonlinear equations

Multiplicative calculus is a mathematical system that offers an alternative to traditional calculus. Instead of using addition and subtraction to measure change, as in traditional calculus, it uses multiplication and division. The framework of nonlinear equations is an incredibly powerful tool that has proven invaluable in advancing our understanding of various phenomena across a wide range of applied sciences. This framework has enabled researchers to gain deeper insights into a vast array of scientific problems. The physical interpretation of iterative methods for nonlinear equations using multiplicative calculus offers a unique perspective on solving such equations and opens up potential applications across various scientific disciplines. Multiplicative calculus naturally aligns with processes characterized by exponential growth or decay. In many physical, biological, and economic systems, quantities change in a manner proportional to their current state. Multiplicative calculus models these processes more accurately than traditional additive approaches. For example, population growth, radioactive decay, and compound interest are all better described multiplicatively. The primary objective of this work is to modify and implement the Adomian decomposition method within the multiplicative calculus framework and to develop an effective class of multiplicative numerical algorithms for obtaining the best approximation of the solution of nonlinear equations. We build up the convergence criteria of the multiplicative iterative methods. To demonstrate the application and effectiveness of these new recurrence relations, we consider some numerical examples. Comparison of the multiplicative iterative methods with the similar ordinary existing methods is presented. Graphical comparison is also provided by plotting log of residuals. The purpose in constructing new algorithms is to show the implementation and effectiveness of multiplicative calculus.

On the Aether Dynamics, Twin Paradox, and Ultimate Relativity of Solar Flares

In our previous work, Theory of Everything, we addressed the longstanding twin paradox of special relativity by introducing the concept of Aether force dynamics, F(v). This was achieved through the recognition that Aether force is cumulative, encompassing the sum of all force increments required to accelerate a massive body to velocity v. Similarly, the time dilation experienced by twin 2, the moving twin, is a cumulative effect, involving all time dilation increments accrued during their journey. This contrasts with the Lorentz contraction and mass dependence, which are instantaneous effects. Our approach successfully unified special and general relativity, extending the latter's focus on gravitational accelerations to incorporate any form of acceleration, thus leading to what we term the Ultimate Theory of Relativity. We have also applied this framework to describe dynamic processes in solar flares, drawing an analogy to the cinema problem, which involves maximizing the angle subtended by an observer to a screen. As in the twin paradox, the analysis necessitates the consideration of potential infinities, achieved by dividing finite quantities by zero or zero by zero. Remarkably, this led to a simultaneous application of Ultimate Relativity to both the cinema problem and solar flare dynamics, revealing that acceleration approaching infinity, a=1, is central to understanding these phenomena.

A Minor Groove Binder with Significant Cytotoxicity on Human Lung Cancer Cells: The Potential of Hesperetin Functionalised Silver Nanoparticles.

Natural drug functionalised silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant interest in pharmacology related applications due to their therapeutic efficiency. We have synthesised silver nanoparticle using hesperetin as a reducing and capping agent. This work aims to discuss the relevance of the hesperetin functionalised silver nanoparticles (H-AgNPs) in the field of nano-medicine. The article primarily investigates the anticancer activity of H-AgNPs and then their interactions with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) through spectroscopic and thermodynamic techniques. The green synthesised H-AgNPs are stable, spherical in shape and size of 10 ± 3nm average diameter. The complex formation of H-AgNPs with ctDNA was established by UV-Visible absorption, fluorescent dye displacement assay, isothermal calorimetry and viscosity measurements. The binding constants obtained from these experiments were consistently in the order of 104 Mol-1. The melting temperature analysis and FTIR measurements confirmed that the structural alterations of ctDNA by the presence of H-AgNPs are minimal. All the thermodynamic variables and the endothermic binding nature were acquired from ITC experiments. All these experimental outcomes reveal the formation of H-AgNPs-ctDNA complex, and the results consistently verify the minor groove binding mode of H-AgNPs. The binding constant and limit of detection of 1.8μM found from the interaction studies imply the DNA detection efficiency of H-AgNPs. The cytotoxicity of H-AgNPs against A549 and L929 cell lines were determined by in vitro MTT cell viability assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The cell viability and LDH enzyme release are confirmed that the H-AgNPs has high anticancer activity. Moreover, the calculated LD50 value for H-AgNPs against lung cancer cells is 118.49µl/ml, which is a low value comparing with the value for fibroblast cells (269.35µl/ml). In short, the results of in vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed that the synthesised nanoparticles can be considered in applications related to cancer treatments. Also, we have found that, H-AgNPs is a minor groove binder, and having high DNA detection efficiency.

A Study on the Application of Tourism Public Relations in Enhancing Tourist Satisfaction

A Study on the Application of Tourism Public Relations in Enhancing Tourist Satisfaction

An Innovative Approach in Inspecting a Damped Mathieu Cubic–Quintic Duffing Oscillator

Abstract Purpose The objective of the present study is to analyze a damped Mathieu–cubic quintic Duffing oscillator as a parametric nonlinear oscillatory dynamical system. This equation has multiple applications in diverse fields, including optics, quantum physics, and general relativity. There are multiple concerns related to periodic motion and the analysis of boundary-value problems with elliptic symmetries. The current effort aims to determine the frequency amplitude of parametric nonlinear issues. Method The non-perturbative approach (NPA) is employed to transform the nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) into a linear equation. The derivation of the approximate solutions is achieved without relying on typical perturbation approaches, separate from the series expansion. Hence, the objective of this study is to depart from traditional perturbation methods and acquire approximated solutions for minor amplitude parametric components without imposing any limitations. Furthermore, the technique is extended to ascertain optimal solutions for the nonlinear large amplitude of fluctuation. Results The current approach allows for rapid estimation of the frequency-amplitude relationship in order to attain successive approximations of the solutions for parametric nonlinear fluctuations. A validation is obtained for the derived parametric equation, demonstrating a high level of agreement with the original equation. An analysis of stability behavior is conducted in multiple scenarios. In addition, the Floquet theory is used to examine the transition curves. Conclusion The current technique is characterized by its clear principles, making it practical, user-friendly, and capable of achieving exceptionally high numerical precision. The current approach is highly beneficial for addressing nonlinear parametric problems due to its ability to minimize algebraic complexity during implementation.

Application limits of the scaling relations for Monte Carlo simulations in diffuse optics. Part 2: results.

The limits of applicability of scaling relations to generate new simulations of photon migration in scattering media by re-scaling an existing Monte Carlo simulation are investigated both for the continuous wave and the time domain case. We analyzed the convergence properties in various scenarios by numerical methods, trying to derive practical guidelines for the judicious use of this approach, as well as a deeper understanding of the physics behind such relations. In the case of scaling of the absorption coefficient, the convergence is always rigorous both for the forward and inverse problems, relying on the derivatives with respect to the absorption coefficient. Also, the regenerated simulation inherits the very same noise of the original Monte Carlo simulation. In the case of scaling of the scattering coefficient, the situation is more critical. For forward problems, even for just a 10% uniform increase in scattering, appreciable deviations are observed whenever a high number of scattering interactions is involved. We tested a practical criterion based on the number of scattering events in the original simulation to judge the convergence of the scaling factors. For inverse problems, the scaling relations provide accurate regenerated simulations apart from the noise level that is increased with respect to the initial simulation, although anyway lower than the noise level obtained by implementing the direct calculation. The results of this study are important whenever an increase of Monte Carlo code throughput is mandatory, e.g., for fast data analysis of diffuse data, or in machine-learning scenarios, when generating huge datasets is needed.

Defocus Blur Detection Attack via Mutual-Referenced Feature Transfer.

Benefiting from deep learning, defocus blur detection (DBD) has made prominent progress. Existing DBD methods generally study multiscale and multilevel features to improve performance. In this article, from a different perspective, we explore to generate confrontational images to attack DBD network. Based on the observation that defocus area and focus region in an image can provide mutual feature reference to help improve the quality of the confrontational image, we propose a novel mutual-referenced attack framework. Firstly, we design a divide-and-conquer perturbation image generation model, where the focus region attack image and defocus area attack image are generated respectively. Then, we integrate mutual-referenced feature transfer (MRFT) models to improve attack performance. Comprehensive experiments are provided to verify the effectiveness of our method. Moreover, related applications of our study are presented, e.g., sample augmentation to improve DBD and paired sample generation to boost defocus deblurring.

Analysis of variance and grey relational analysis application methods for the selection and optimization problem in 6061-T6 flange friction stir welding process parameters

A study was carried out to investigate and enhance the effects of friction stir welding on the mechanical characteristics of a flange composed of 6061-T3 aluminum alloy. The pipes possess an outer diameter and wall thickness of 6 mm, while the plates are sized at 100 x 100 × 6 mm. Nine unique experiments were planned using the Taguchi orthogonal array method, with the welding tool remaining constant. Three independent variables (travel speed, rotation speed, and shoulder diameter) were altered at three different levels for each variable. The research analyzed the influence of various FSW factors on the weld flange joint. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and grey relational analysis (GRA) were employed to determine the impact of each FSW underwater parameter. Moreover, the statistical Taguchi technique (TM) was used to predict the optimal combination of welding parameters to improve tensile properties, including tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), elongation (EI%), and bending load (BL) of welded joints. Additionally, the actual tests demonstrated a high level of agreement with the results obtained from the proposed mathematical model. The validation results obtained indicate that the optimization method is a dependable tool for enhancing the quality responses of friction stir welding.

Research on Power Angle Characteristics of One-Machine Infinite-Bus Power Systems of Mixed Gauss and Poisson Stochastic Excitation

Background: A high percentage of renewable energy and a high percentage of power electronic devices are connected to the power system, which leads to the diversification and complexity of stochastic excitation, and the traditional single-excitation stochastic model is no longer applicable. Objective: The study aimed to solve the problem that the high proportion of renewable energy and the high proportion of power electronic equipment are connected to the power system, which leads to the diversification and complexity of stochastic excitation and makes the traditional stochastic model of single excitation no longer applicable. Methods: Firstly, stochastic differential equations for power systems have been modelled with mixed Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation. Secondly, the Milstein-Euler predictor-corrector method has been developed to solve the stochastic differential equation model of the power system. Finally, the influence of Gauss white noise and Poisson white noise on the power system stability under different excitation intensities has been analyzed. The rationality and correctness of the model have been verified by the simulation of a one-machine infinitebus (OMIB) system. Results: The stochastic differential equation model of a power system with Gauss white noise and Poisson white noise excitation has been established and its angle stability has been analyzed. Increasing the Gaussian white noise and Poisson white noise excitation intensity can lead to an increase in the fluctuation of the power angle curve, as well as an increase in the standard deviation and expected value of the power angle mean curve, which may decrease the stability of the power system. Conclusion: This study provides a reference for stochastic power systems modeling and efficient simulation, and has important application value for power system stability assessment and safety evaluation as well as related patent applications.

Data management of X bill of material of missile and rocket products based on digital thread

The X bill of material (XBOM) of a missile and rocket product is a comprehensive and basic support document produced by a multi-stakeholder that considers structural composition, data information and interactional processes in different life stages. The XBOM data management of missile and rocket products coordinates the data organization and control in the whole life cycle, eliminates the interactional disconnection and one-way transmission between related parties, business and data in different life stages and provides effective data source support for the full digital model supply. To meet the requirements of organic integration and multi-party collaboration, this paper proposes the XBOM data management method based on digital thread. Firstly, the digital thread framework is analyzed, and the XBOM data management architecture based on the digital thread is proposed and established. Secondly, guided by the hierarchy of "data-interaction-modeling-application", the XBOM data management method for the missile and rocket product are developed, including data organization, data relational analysis, data modeling and data application. Finally, the structural system of a certain model of carrier rocket is studied, and the XBOM data management system based on digital thread is developed and its application is validated.

Using Rotations to Control Observable Relativistic Effects

This paper examines the possibility of controlling the outcome of measured (flat space-time) relativistic effects, such as time dilation or length contractions, using pure rotations and their nontrivial interactions with Lorentz boosts in the isometry group SO+(3,1). In particular, boost contributions may annihilate leaving only a geometric phase (Wigner rotation), which we see in the complex solutions of the generalized Euler decomposition problem in R3. We consider numerical examples involving specific matrix factorizations, along with possible applications in special relativity, electrodynamics and quantum scattering. For clearer interpretation and simplified calculations we use a convenient projective biquaternion parametrization which emphasizes the geometric phases and for a large class of problems allows for closed-form solutions in terms of only rational functions.

Numerical integration rules based on B-spline bases

In this work, we present some new integration formulas for any order of accuracy as an application of the B-spline relations obtained in Amat et al. (2022). The resulting rules are defined as a perturbation of the trapezoidal integration method. We prove the order of approximation and extend the results to several dimensions. Finally, some numerical experiments are performed in order to check the theoretical results.

Implementing the Blowers-Masel Approximation to Scale Activation Energy Based on Reaction Enthalpy in Mean-Field Microkinetic Modeling for Catalytic Methane Partial Oxidation.

Mean-field microkinetic modeling is a powerful tool for catalyst design and the simulation of catalytic processes. The reaction enthalpies in a microkinetic model often need to be adjusted when changing species' binding energies to model different catalysts, when performing thermodynamic sensitivity analyses, and when fitting experimental data. When altering reaction enthalpies, the activation energies should also be reasonably altered to ensure realistic reaction rates. The Blowers-Masel approximation (BMA) relates the reaction barrier to the reaction enthalpy. Unlike the Brønsted-Evans-Polani relationship, the BMA requires less data because only one parameter, the intrinsic activation energy, needs to be determined. We validate this application of BMA relations to model surface reactions by comparing against density functional theory data taken from the literature. By incorporating the BMA rate description into the open-source Cantera software, we enable a new workflow, demonstrated herein, allowing rapid screening of catalysts using linear scaling relationships and BMA kinetics within the process simulation software. For demonstration purposes, a catalyst screening for catalytic methane partial oxidation on 81 hypothetical metals is conducted. We compared the results with and without BMA-corrected rates. The heat maps of various descriptors (e.g., CH4 conversion, syngas yield) show that using BMA rates instead of Arrhenius rates (with constant activation energies) changes which metals are most active. Heat maps of sensitivity analyses can help identify which reactions or species are the most influential in shaping the descriptor map patterns. Our findings indicate that while using BMA-adjusted rates did not markedly affect the most sensitive reactions, it did change the most influential species.

Application of the New Public Relations Paradigm in the Cyberspace Retail Industry

This research aims to analyze the application of the New Public Relations (NPR) paradigm in the retail industry, by taking a case study of a well-known retail company, Alfamart. The NPR paradigm emphasizes the importance of two-way interaction between organizations and stakeholders, as well as an emphasis on values, transparency, and community involvement. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews with various related parties in Alfamart, such as senior management, PR staff, and consumers. Data analysis was conducted by detailing communication practices that reflect the NPR paradigm. The results of this study reveal that Alfamart has implemented various aspects of the NPR paradigm in its communication strategy. They understand the importance of listening to input and feedback from consumers and strive to provide honest, transparent and relevant information to stakeholders. In addition, Alfamart is also active in involving themselves in social and community activities, reflecting their commitment to corporate social responsibility. This research contributes to the understanding of how retail companies can adopt the NPR paradigm in managing relationships with consumers and society more effectively. This research contributes to the understanding of how retail companies can adopt the NPR paradigm in managing relationships with consumers and society more effectively.

Confidence Weighted Learning Entropy for Fault-Tolerant Control of a PMSM With a High-Resolution Hall Encoder

There are several non-idealities that can degrade magnetic Hall-effect sensors performance and impact related applications. Thus, a confidence weighted learning entropy (CWLE) is proposed as a fault-tolerant control strategy for field-oriented control (FOC) of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). It combines sensorless and sensor-based control, while capitalizing on their major advantages, such as operation from standstill and at lower speeds, fast dynamic response, and fault tolerance to encoder errors. Encoder fault detection is based on learning entropy, that monitors weights increments of two predictive filters of angular displacement. If the two observed systems behave similarly, the variance of the weights increments is similar. A higher variance, on the other hand, reflects unforeseen misbehavior of a particular system, leading to a decrease in its confidence. A voting mechanism based on confidence weighted average then decides which of the two systems should be used for FOC of PMSM. The method has been experimentally verified on a high-speed PMSM, achieving more reliable control performance with fast response to encoder failures.

What Science Can You Teach Without Language? A Conversation with Timothy Wangusa

This biographical dialogue with Timothy Wangusa explores the interface between indigenous culture, Christianity and education in Uganda, how this disrupted the indigenous cultural base and practice and continued to inform and impact lives and culture in Uganda. It interrogates the binary colonial–cultural contestation and disorientation of indigenous identities from an existential base rooted in the body, the spirit and the land. It acknowledges tensions of identity for the African writer as a product of multiple heritages and the challenge of emboldening it in contestation of manifold historical and structural peripherisations in education and national development policies and interventions. In response to the general national emphasis on science in education and development, Wangusa highlights, through his example, the function of language in education and the value of an inclusive curriculum. He decolonises the definitional scope of science to a more inclusive and relational application as a function of civilisation and education. The word, ‘language’, remains central as an enabler in the understanding and pursuit of development and human civilisation. This interview, conducted on 6 July 2022, was a commemoration of Professor Timothy Wangusa at 80 years and part of the Department of Literature’s activities during Makerere University Centennial celebrations, 2022.

Spectral Graph Convolutional Neural Networks in the Context of Regularization Theory.

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNN) have been widely used in graph learning and related applications. It has been identified that the filters in the state-of-the-art spectral graph convolutional networks (SGCNs) are essentially low-pass filters that enforce smoothness across the graph and use the functions of graph Laplacian as a tool that injects graph structure into the learning algorithm. There had been research findings that connect the smoothness functional in graphs, graph Laplacian, and regularization operators. We review the existing SGCNs in this context and propose a framework where the state-of-the-art filter designs can be deduced as special cases. We designed new filters that are associated with well-defined low-pass behavior and tested their performance on semisupervised node classification tasks. Their performance was found to be superior to that of the other state-of-the-art techniques. We further investigate the representation capability of low-pass features and make useful observations. In this context, we discuss a few points to further optimize the network, new strategies for designing SGCNs, their challenges, and some latest related developments. Based on our framework, we also deduce the connection between support vector kernels and SGCN filters.

Принципы преобразования механизма государственных закупок и их применение в Российской Федерации

The research is devoted to the identification, identification and study of the principles of transformation of the public procurement mechanism in modern Russian practice under the influence of current public demands and systemwide challenges. The empirical base of the study is based on the previously obtained results of the study of the functioning of the sphere of public procurement, implemented on the basis of the federal law No. 44-FZ "On the Contract System in the Field of procurement of goods, Works, services for State and Municipal Needs", their place in the state economic Mechanism and quantitative indicators of their impact on achieving the goals of state economic policy. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the differentiation and characterization of various groups of framework restrictions that affect the functioning and transformation of the mechanism of public procurement, as well as determining the directions of functional relationships between these groups. A component of the scientific novelty of the study is also the formulation of the rules (principles) recommended by the author for the transformation of the public procurement mechanism with their subject-descriptive justification and the formation of a systematic representation of their application in relation to the process of sequential transformation of the public procurement mechanism. The scientific contribution of the author to the study of the processes of improvement of the modern sphere of public procurement consists in the application of the method of formal logic in relation to the identification of objective grounds for the constant transformation of the mechanism of public procurement and its sequential transition from one state to another. The result of the study was the author's recommendations on the practical application of the principles of transformation of the public procurement mechanism in order to improve the scope of public procurement activities and increase the effectiveness in achieving the goals of state economic policy through public procurement.