Appearance Of Bumps Research Articles

DISORDERS OF THE INTESTINAL FLORA AND IT IS EFFECT ON SKELETAL SYSTEM DISEASES

The intestinal microflora plays an important role in the proper functioning of human. It is complex, diverse and dynamic ecosystem that constantly strives to maintain homeostasis throughout the body. The process of acquiring intestinal microflora begins immediately after human birth. Elementary factors that determine the modification of the composition of the microflora are age, sex, diet, lifestyle. Determinate individual composition of the microflora. Microorganisms inhabiting the intestine perform various functions, from metabolic, immune to trophic. Early changes in the intestinal microflora are reflected in the state of human health. Recently, many studies have been carried out confirming the hypothesis that the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract affects the normal metabolism of bone tissue, and disorders in its composition can lead to the appearance of bumps in the processes of physiological remodeling of bone tissue and contribute to the formation of many inflammations. Microorganisms that rot in the digestive tract regulate bone metabolism through three mechanisms: the impact on the immune system, the hormonal system and the impact on the absorption of minerals. Disorders in the microflora of the digestive tract can lead to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases, and as a consequence to the accelerated development of osteoporosis or arthrosis of the joints. The aim: To collect available publications confirming the impact of microflora on the skeletal system.

Landscape tomography through primordial non-Gaussianity

In this paper, we show how the structure of the landscape potential of the primordial Universe may be probed through the properties of the primordial density perturbations responsible for the origin of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and the large-scale structure of our Universe. Isocurvature fields -fields orthogonal to the inflationary trajectory- may have fluctuated across the barriers separating local minima of the landscape potential during inflation. We analyze how this process could have impacted the evolution of the primordial curvature perturbations. If the typical distance separating consecutive minima of the landscape potential and the height of the potential barriers are smaller than the Hubble expansion rate parametrizing inflation, the probability distribution function of isocurvature fields becomes non-Gaussian due to the appearance of bumps and dips associated to the structure of the potential. We show that this non-Gaussianity can be transferred to the statistics of primordial curvature perturbations if the isocurvature fields are coupled to the curvature perturbations. The type of non-Gaussian structure that emerges in the distribution of curvature perturbations cannot be fully probed with the standard methods of polyspectra; instead, the probability distribution function is needed. The latter is obtained by summing all the $n$-point correlation functions. To substantiate our claims, we offer a concrete model consisting of an axionlike isocurvature perturbation with a sinusoidal potential and a linear derivative coupling between the isocurvature and curvature fields. In this model, the probability distribution function of the curvature perturbations consists of a Gaussian function with small superimposed oscillations reflecting the isocurvature axion potential.

Structural features beneath neuronal avalanches

Recently, Friedman et al performed high-resolution measurements [1] that strongly supported an universal critical character (in the sense of statistical physics) of neuronal avalanches, despite the abnormally high frequency of large events (bumps in the distributions of size and lifetime of avalanches) deforming the pure power-law behavior expected from analogies to equilibrium critical phenomena that became manifest only for smaller events. Based on simulations of the Kinouchi-Copelli (KC) model, we have shown [2] that such bumps may not be experimental artifacts and really be typical at criticality when the topology of the neural network is the Barabasi-Albert (BA) model, leading to a scale-free degree distribution of exponent -3.0. On the other hand, those simulations could not reproduce the exponents of the power-law region of the avalanche distributions in [1] (namely, -1.7 for the size distribution and -1.9 for the lifetime distribution). Besides that, the KC dynamics on BA topology revealed that the information capacity (entropy of avalanche size distribution) did not exhibit critical optimization, in contrast with an earlier experiment [3]. In this study we investigate the KC dynamics on the Uncorrelated Configuration Model (UCM) [4]. The UCM is a kind of wiring procedure of a neural topology that can lead to scale-free degree distributions with tunable exponents and can be matched to BA model. However, even so their avalanches are not identical. While the UCM also allows the appearance of bumps on the avalanche distributions, it both shows that the information capacity may be critically optimal and exhibits quantitatively accurate values of the critical exponents for small avalanches, suggesting the UCM may be descriptive of some structural features in the systems claimed to exhibit critical dynamics.

Ethylene–acrylic acid copolymer induced electrical conductivity improvements and dynamic rheological behavior changes of polypropylene/carbon black composites

AbstractThe experimental data reveal that the addition of ethylene–acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) into carbon black (CB)/polypropylene (PP) composites can improve the electrical conductivity of CB/PP composites by two to six orders of magnitude at a comparatively low CB content (φ), and when φ = 2.5 vol %, 60/40 of PP/EAA is an optimum for electrical conductivity improvement. The dynamic rheological data show that with increasing φ there are apparent rheological percolations for CB/PP composites. A modified Kerner–Nielson equation can be used to describe the correlation between electrical percolation and dynamic viscoelastic percolation. The addition of EAA into CB/PP composites leads to apparent changes in dynamic rheological behaviors. When φ = 2.5 vol %, a rheological percolation appears in CB/PP/EAA (CPE) composites with increasing EAA content. The similar rheological behaviors correspond to the similar morphological structures for CPE composites with φ = 5.0 vol %. The appearance of bumps in the van‐Gurp–Palmen plots corresponds to the formation of network structure in CB/PP and CPE composites, and the more perfect the networks, the higher the amplitude of the bumps. All data indicate that the van‐Gurp–Palmen plot is sensitive to the formation of filler particle networks or cocontinuous phase which spans the whole composite. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 1762–1771, 2009

Qualitative and quantitative stabilized behavior of truncated two-dimensional naver-stokes equations

N-mode truncations of the Navier-Stokes equations on a two-dimensional torus are investigated for increasing N, up to a maximum of N=1000. A parameter range is considered in which the behavior is first quasi-periodic and then chaotic. A Poincare map analysis shows features which clearly stabilize as N increases, from both a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Concerning the onset of chaos, it is found that the appearance of bumps and foldings in the section curve is the cause of the breaking of the torus. A detailed description of the transition is given for N=502.

Construction of positive exact (2+1)-dimensional shock wave solutions for two discrete Boltzmann models

It is proved that (2+1)-dimensional (spacex, y; timet) positive exact shock wave solutions of two discrete Boltzmann models exist. For each densityNi, these solutions are linear combinations of three similarity shock waves,Ni=n0i+∑jnji/[1+djexp(τjy+yjx+ρjt)],j=1,2,3. Two models with four independent densities are investigated: the square discrete-velocity Boltzmann model and the model with eight velocities oriented toward the eight corners of a cube.The positivity problem for the densities is nontrivial. Two classes of solutions are considered for which the two first similarity shock wave components depend on only one spatial dimension,γj=const·τj,j=1,2. For the positivity, if τ1τ2>0, it is sufficient to prove that the 16 asymptotic shock limitsn0i,n0i+n3i,∑j=02nji,∑j=03nji are positive. The density solutions are built up with five arbitrary parameters and we prove that there exist subdomains of the arbitrary parameter space in which the 16 shock limits are positive. We study numerically two explicit shock wave solutions. We are interested in the movement of the shock front when the time is growing and in the possible appearance of bumps. In the space, at intermediate times, these bumps represent populations of particles which are larger than at initial time or at equilibrium time.

The chromospheres of classical Cepheids. I - Low resolution IUE spectra

view Abstract Citations (28) References (27) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The chromospheres of classical Cepheids. I - Low resolution IUE spectra Schmidt, E. G. ; Parsons, S. B. Abstract A program to study the behavior of chromospheres in classical Cepheids using both ground-based and satellite-based observations. Five stars, delta Cep, nu Aql, beta Dor, zeta Gem, and l Car, have been included, and where possible the various types of data have been obtained simultaneously. The first part of this investigation concerns low dispersion spectra from the IUE satellite. Fine error sensor (FES) magnitudes are presented for the five Cepheids and, in the case of one, nu Aql, are used to rediscuss the period. The 'artificial viscosity dip' predicted by some theoretical calculations may be present in the FES light curve of delta Cep. The low dispersion spectra have been used to determine continuum magnitudes at various UV wavelengths, and light curves are shown. The amplitude increases with decreasing wavelength except around 1550 A. Line emission in the short wavelength region is observed in three of the Cepheids and is found to be phase dependent. Some correspondence is found between the variation of the emission lines and the appearance of bumps on the UV light curves. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Pub Date: February 1982 DOI: 10.1086/190774 Bibcode: 1982ApJS...48..185S Keywords: Cepheid Variables; Chromosphere; Stellar Spectra; Ultraviolet Astronomy; Ultraviolet Spectra; Emission Spectra; Iue; Light Curve; Line Spectra; Radiant Flux Density; Satellite-Borne Instruments; Space Observations (From Earth); Spectral Resolution; Star Distribution; Astrophysics full text sources ADS | data products MAST (1) Related Materials (2) Part 2: 1984ApJ...279..202S Part 3: 1984ApJ...279..215S