Brand Appearances Research Articles

Assessing the longevity of attribute framing in attenuating the nocebo effect to brand and generic medication.

The perception of taking a generic, relative to brand, medication has been demonstrated to exacerbate the nocebo effect. Conversely, positive attribute framing has been shown to attenuate the nocebo effect. However, little is known about the longevity of positive attribute framing nor how it interacts with generic versus brand treatment cues. Healthy participants (N = 205) were randomised to receive either sham-modafinil capsules with a brand or generic appearance, in conjunction with standard negative side effect framing (brand-negative: N = 42; generic-negative: N = 41) or positive side effect framing (brand-positive: N = 40; generic-positive: N = 40). The remainder were randomised to a no-treatment control (N = 42). Participants were informed that modafinil could enhance alertness and cognitive performance and reduce fatigue. Critically, modafinil was described as having several potential side effects. Treatment-related side effects, alertness, fatigue and cognitive performance were measured at baseline, 30-min post-treatment and 24 h later. Nocebo and placebo effects were observed across modafinil-treated participants relative to control. Positive framing significantly reduced warned side effects for 24 h. Perceived side effect likelihood, severity, and worry mediated the nocebo, but not framing, effect. Results have important implications for the presentation of side effect information, providing a potential route to reduce unwanted negative effects of generic medication.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE AND BRAND RECOGNITION IN HATCHBACK CAR OWNERS

In this study, the variance between the socio-economic status and usage pattern of car and factors of brand knowledge of owners towards hatchback cars such as brand preference, repurchase intention, brand experience, brand attributes, brand price, brand appearance, and self-congruity have been analysed through one-way ANOVA and Independent Sample ‘t’ test. The ANOVA is used to find variation among the two more variables and the ‘t’ test is applied for dichotomous variables. The factors of brand knowledge of owners towards hatchback cars and socio-economic status and usage patterns of a car are considered as dependent and independent variables respectively.

Upaya Meningkatkan Pengurangan Limbah Minyak Goreng Menjadi Produk UMKM Lilin Aromaterapi Sebagai Ide Kreatif Kampung Mojo RW.10 RT.02 Kota Surabaya

Recycling is the processing of waste or remaining waste products into new products that can be used appropriately again with one of the goals being to preserve the environment. This community service is carried out by selecting household waste objects in the form of utilizing cooking oil waste into a useful material that will reduce the negative impact of used cooking waste. The public's lack of understanding and knowledge about how to process these remaining materials, turns used objects into less useful items so that many are thrown away and not used and can also reduce plastic waste. The use of smartphones presents a great opportunity to promote products through social media. In this research, a digital marketing promotion strategy was implemented through social applications. This service activity will discuss one of the business opportunities that can be done on a home scale with opportunities that are quite promising at the moment, namely the use of used cooking oil as raw material for aromatherapy candles. By implementing the right marketing strategy, it can help reach a wider consumer market so that new potential consumers come in who are willing to visit the stand and buy the product. By designing attractive digital promotions, the brand appearance of the product will also be more easily recognized by the public. Strategies that can be carried out by MSMEs Keywords: used cooking oil, SMEs, aromatherapy candles,

A content analysis of alcohol imagery in season 2 of The Kardashians

Abstract Aim The aim of the current study was to quantify the amount of alcohol content and branding in season 2 of the reality TV show The Kardashians. Subject and methods Content analysis of alcohol content in all 10 episodes of season 2 of The Kardashians was undertaken, and alcohol content measured using 1-minute interval coding. The presence of alcohol in the following four categories was noted: (1) actual use, (2) implied use, (3) other alcohol reference, and (4) brand appearance. Results Alcohol content was seen across all 10 episodes. Actual alcohol use was seen in six episodes across 13 intervals. Implied alcohol use was seen in all 10 episodes across 74 intervals. Alcohol branding was seen in six episodes, across 23 intervals. The Tequila brand 818, owned by Kendall Jenner, was seen 65 times across 17 intervals. Conclusion The current study shows that alcohol content was highly prevalent in season 2 of The Kardashians. This programme was popular on the Disney+ streaming platform and likely resulted in widespread population exposure to alcohol content and branding, particularly to a brand owned by Kendall Jenner. Current rules and regulations are not sufficient to protect against exposure to this potentially harmful content.

Анализ конкуренции и уровня доминирования на рынке растительного молока в Российской Федерации

On the shelves of grocery stores, customers may increasingly notice the appearance of various brands of animal milk substitutes. This is due to the fact that society is becoming more aware of the contraindications to the use of milk of animal origin, which are expressed in some cases in intolerance to lactose and/or milk casein by the human body. Currently, the Russian alternative milk market lags behind the global one, and the active development of domestic production of these products is just beginning. This article presents the results of the analysis of the Russian alternative milk market based on data collected by the Nielsen analytical company from the largest retail chains, including X5 Group, Magnit, Lenta, Red and White and others. The SV (strength/variety) matrix was used as the main tool to assess the level of dominance in the industry. Concentration indices, Lind indices and the modified Hall-Tideman coefficient were calculated and used to construct the matrix. The analysis of individual quadrants of the SV matrix showed that the Russian alternative milk market from 2019 to 2022 in each of the studied years was located in the G quadrant, which indicated a high concentration of the market, where four super-alpha companies stand out: “Sady Pridonya”, “Danone”, “Thai Agri Food Public Company”, “Soyuzpishchprom”.

Tobacco Imagery in Indian Over-the-Top (OTT) Media and Its Compliance With Existing Tobacco Laws: A Content Analysis.

Over-the-top (OTT) media are internet-based content delivery systems offering media services to the viewers bypassing the traditional broadcasting platforms. The OTT media, with limited regulatory oversight, can serve as a source of exposure to tobacco-promoting content. This study analyzed the depiction of tobacco imagery in Indian OTT programs and assessed their compliance with existing Indian tobacco control policies. We conducted a content analysis of 28 purposively sampled OTT exclusive programs (14 movies and 14 web series) in India. Breathe California method was used to code the OTT content for tobacco imagery. We assessed the prevalence of tobacco imagery, its duration per episode or program, product placements, and brand appearances. We also evaluated OTT programs adherence to existing tobacco control policies in India. Tobacco imagery was identified in all of the web series and most OTT-exclusive movies. On average the web series depicted seven incidents of tobacco imagery per episode, whereas there were close to 19 incidents of tobacco imagery per movie. Ten minutes of OTT programming (including movies and web series) had on average 8.40 s of tobacco imagery. None of the OTT programs studied fully complied with Indian tobacco control policies. Depiction of tobacco imagery in OTT exclusive programs is common in India. Streaming platforms need to comply with existing tobacco control policies. Furthermore, there is a need to strengthen these policies and strictly enforce them to ensure tobacco-free mass media. India has more than 267 million tobacco users and accounts for the largest share of smokeless tobacco use globally. OTT platforms are largely unregulated and are considered drivers for global tobacco use. This is one of the few studies examining tobacco imagery in Indian OTT content, reporting the gaps in tobacco control policies in India. This study documents the product placement of smokeless tobacco, duration of exposure to tobacco imagery, and empirically report the compliance of OTT platforms with Indian tobacco control policies. The study findings can aid in strengthening tobacco control policies in India.

The Effectiveness of Exterior Color on Brand Identity and Purchase Intention

In 2018, after Tesla entered the Chinese market, China entered the era of new energy vehicles, and in 2020 Wuling launched a small new energy vehicle called Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, which has changed the fate of Wuling since its introduction, attracting a large number of consumers with its outstanding appearance and subsequently becoming the global small pure electric car sales champion, and also changing the Wuling Hongguang in It also changed the brand impression of Wuling Hongguang in consumers' minds. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine why differences in color and appearance affect the extent to which consumers perceive a brand. This paper took the Wuling Hongguang MINI EV as an example for research and tried to find the reason why consumers love Wuling and the reason why the inherent brand impression of Wuling cars has changed. The first reason is related to symbolic identity of Wuling Hongguang MINI's appearance. Secondly, is about the social identity, and finally, the vividness of the color is also the reason which could lead a different brand impression. The significance of this paper was to advise some emerging car brands on their long-term development and, secondly, to study the relationship between brand appearance and brand identity.

Fused Node-Level Residual Structure Edge Graph Neural Network for Few-Shot Image Classification

In spite of recent rapid developments across various computer vision domains, numerous cutting-edge deep learning algorithms often demand a substantial volume of data to operate effectively. Within this research, a novel few-shot learning approach is presented with the objective of enhancing the accuracy of few-shot image classification. This task entails the classification of unlabeled query samples based on a limited set of labeled support examples. Specifically, the integration of the edge-conditioned graph neural network (EGNN) framework with hierarchical node residual connections is proposed. The primary aim is to enhance the performance of graph neural networks when applied to few-shot classification, a rather unconventional application of hierarchical node residual structures in few-shot image classification tasks. It is noteworthy that this work represents an innovative attempt to combine these two techniques. Extensive experimental findings on publicly available datasets demonstrate that the methodology surpasses the original EGNN algorithm, achieving a maximum improvement of 2.7%. Particularly significant is the performance gain observed on our custom-built dataset, CBAC (Car Brand Appearance Classification), which consistently outperforms the original method, reaching an impressive peak improvement of 11.14%.

Few‐shot logo detection

AbstractThe proliferation of deep learning has driven research into deep learning‐based logo detection, which usually needs a large number of annotated data to train the model. However, due to the occasional appearance of new brands or the high cost of annotation, the number of training data is limited. Against this backdrop, the authors adapt the few‐shot object detection into logo detection, and thus present a cutting‐edge method called Double Classification Head (DCH) for Few‐Shot Logo Detection (DCH‐FSLogo), which aims at detecting the unseen logo classes using few annotated data. Unlike the traditional few‐shot detection, some logo objects are similar to their backgrounds and have diverse shapes as well. For this reason, the authors adopt balanced feature pyramid and deformable Region of Interest pooling in DCH‐FSLogo, this enhances the feature extraction capability and adapts to the different logo shapes. In addition, we introduce the DCH for few‐shot logo detection to detect logo objects using few annotated data. Specifically, we use an extra classification head for the base classes to ease the influence from the novel classes. The experimental results on four datasets, namely: FlickrLogos‐32, FoodLogoDet‐1500‐100, LogoDet‐3K‐100 and QMUL‐OpenLogo‐100, demonstrate that our method achieves better performance.

The Practice and Innovation of Energizing the Competitiveness of Brand of County by the IP of Culture and Tourism at Zigui

The integration of culture and tourism makes the interaction between culture and tourism deeper and closer. After years of vigorous development, the tourism of county is no longer like before building infrastructure in the entire scenic area, and the economy of county no longer relies on hardware construction and a large investment. And now a new focus is needed to promote the economy and brand competitiveness of the county. Combining the IP (intellectual property) construction method in the Internet era with regional brands with local cultural characteristics, an innovative form of IP for county cultural and tourism brands at present is created, the Zigui County of Yichang City is the practical example of the innovative form. Combine with the unique culture of Qu Yuan, the Dragon Boat Festival, and navel orange specialty of Zigui, the IPs of brand of the county that are called “one da three xiao”, which are Qudafu, Chengxiaozi, Zongxiaogui, and Zhouxiaolong, were created. The IPs are deeply loved by tourists, and quickly stand out in the competition of tourism spread in the surrounding counties and cities. By energizing the competitiveness of brand of the county through IP, the new appearance of county brand of the Zigui, which effectively attracts traffic and drives the economic promotion of Zigui County, is displayed with affinity, sustainability and influence.

Prevalence of food and beverage brands in "made-for-kids" child-influencer YouTube videos: 2019-2020.

Child health experts raise numerous concerns about the negative effects of children's exposure to unhealthy digital food marketing, including advertising and branded product placements on child-oriented videos. YouTube banned food advertising on "made-for-kids" channels in 2020, but research is needed to assess food-related appearances on increasingly popular child-influencer videos. Content analysis examined a sample of videos (n=400) uploaded in 2019-2020 by popular child-influencers on YouTube "made-for-kids" channels. We identified and coded all branded and non-branded food-related appearances (i.e., food, beverages, restaurants), ads, promotions, and sponsorship disclosures, and compared 2019 to 2020. Two-thirds of videos (n=260) had at least one food-related appearance, including branded product appearances (n=153), other brand appearances (n=60), and non-branded food-related appearances (n=203). Branded products appeared 592 times (M=3.9/video), including candy brands (42% of appearances) and sweet/salty snacks, sugary drinks, and ice cream (32% combined). Total food-related appearances did not change (2019-2020), but candy brand appearances increased significantly. Videos with non-branded healthy food category appearances also increased, but 70% also showed unhealthy branded and/or unbranded foods. Just one video disclosed a food-brand sponsorship. Additional policies are needed to protect young children from potential exposure to unhealthy branded foods on popular YouTube child-influencer channels.

Viel Kontinuität, wenig Neuanfang? Akteure und Diskurse im französischen und westdeutschen Autorennsport der frühen Nachkriegszeit 1945–1955

Franco-German relations in car racing in the period after World War II have so far been in academic obscurity. Little is known about the resumption of sporting contacts in that field. This article therefore aims to explore some of the routes of the history of French-West German relations in this sport for the first post-war decade (1945–55). The focus is on – in chronological order – the resumption of car racings in both countries, the first appearance of German drivers and brands at racing events in France, personal continuities, and cross-border contacts in this discipline as well as the 1955 Le Mans disaster. Like football, car racing can also be described as a symbol for diplomatic relations between France and the Federal Republic of Germany. The political and social conditions of the time were clearly reflected in this context. For example, the resumption of sporting contacts after 1945 also took place more quickly here than after the First World War. However, motorsport in general and car racing in particular had a somewhat exceptional status – especially regarding its systematic promotion in the French occupation zone as well as their very present international character.

Electricity Savings and Consumers’ Behaviours towards Electricty Consumption

Electricity consumption is one of the main issues that Malaysian is facing currently especially during pandemic disease where people worked from home and many household appliances were used. High electricity usage will cause more sources to be generated and increase tariff rate because the provider needs to bear operational costs to provide the services. Hence, consumers need to lessen electricity consumption in order to have electricity savings and many electricity reserves in future. This study was conducted to investigate the pattern and consumers’ behaviors towards electricity consumption in Malaysia using questionnaires as the research instruments. This study found that 89.7% of respondents were aware of electricity usage and savings. This can be proven by the respondents’ behaviours towards electricity consumption where more than 50% avoided using heated household appliances. Nevertheless, air conditioners usage was very high (84.6%) that caused excessive electricity bills. The monthly electricity bills for low-income earners can reached up to 20% of their monthly income and this will possibly cause financial difficulties for basic needs. 65.4% of the respondents claimed that they are the electricity savers in the house, followed by the spouse (29.5%). Energy efficiency (65.4%), quality and price (65.3%), brand (60.3%) and design and appearance (59.7%) were the characteristics that the respondents were looking at when they purchased the household appliances. These characteristics indicated the positive behaviours towards electricity savings in the long term. 76% of the respondents were aware of solar panel that can be more likely to reduce electricity bills but high amount of installment obstructed them from using it. The implications are important for household manufacturers, energy and solar panel providers and individuals.

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Konsumen Terhadap Daging Asap

Covid-19 or the corona virus disease has had a very significant impact on the economy and business, especially the food and beverage industry. Starting a new business again requires some adjustments, one of which is the new normal lifestyle. One of the new habits or adjustments that occur in the food and beverage industry is the rise of frozen ready-to-eat foods or frozen food. This is due to changes in consumer behavior in the food industry, which initially eats out to eat at home more often. By consuming frozen ready-to-eat food or frozen food, consumers feel healthier and safer from the covid-19 virus. This study aims to: 1). Identify factors that influence the purchase of frozen food 2). Knowing the frozen food consumer market segmentation. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative with the method of observation, questionnaires and literature study. The results of previous studies indicate that the factors that influence the purchase of frozen food, among others, because it is easy to cook and safe, brand image, quality, low price, advertising, appearance, availability, and taste.

Impact of Advantageous Campaigns on Customer-Brand Relationship Building Through Social Media Marketing

Marketing has been paying close attention to social media engagement because of its potential to influence consumer behaviour. A key component of marketing communication in Oman is the use of social media. In this research paper, we aim to identify the dynamics of the influence of social-media marketing elements (e.g., valuable campaigns, relevant content, frequent updates, popular content, and brand appearances on different platforms) on consumer perceptions of customer-brand relationship building. Researchers collected data on 209 respondents by using purposive sampling in a field survey conducted in Muscat, Oman. Adapted from prior research, the data collection instrument contains items measured on a Likert scale. Results of the study revealed that the predictors (advantageous campaigns, relevant content, frequent updates, popular content, and appearance of brand on various platforms) significantly impact customer-brand relationships. Consequently, this study adds to the growing body of work on social media marketing (SMM) by exploring the role of SMM in enhancing important branding goals, including customer loyalty. This study extends the benefits of social media marketing to management by providing insight on how to engage customers and increase sales.

Exposure of 4-year to 24-year olds to tobacco imagery on prime-time Chilean television

IntroductionThe extent of the population’s exposure to tobacco imagery across all genres of regular TV programming and the contribution of each of these genres is unknown, except for UK broadcast...

Changes in tobacco depictions after implementation of tobacco-free film and TV rules in Bollywood films in India: a trend analysis

BackgroundIndia’s tobacco-free film and TV rules were implemented from 2012. To assess the effect of the rules, we studied tobacco depictions in top-grossing Bollywood films released between 2006 and 2017...

To Gain A Foothold in the Luxury EV Market for Chinese New Car-making Forces Brands: Resonate with Consumers through Branding First

This article used a mixed methods to study the competitive disadvantages of Chinese new car-making forces brands compared with well-known foreign brands. First, based on the consumer resonance theory, the relationship between luxury EV consumers’ self-presentation needs and purchase intention was explained. On this basis, the contents of luxury EV consumers’ self-presentation needs and the product attributes they concerned were investigated through a qualitative study, and then the model to describe the relationships of luxury EV consumers’ purchasing intention, self-presentation needs and the product attributes was built. Finally, a quantitative research was performed to verify the reasonability. It was found that Chinese consumers buy luxury EV to express their self-presentation needs including business success, quality-pursuit and pragmatism. A luxury EV with a higher level of brand awareness and technological innovation, a beautiful appearance, a safe design and cost-effectiveness can meet their self-presentation needs. There is a big gap between the brand awareness, technology innovation and appearance of Chinese new car-making forces brands and the well-known foreign brands. In the future, Chinese new car-making forces should highlight the expression of drivers’ characteristics of business success, quality-pursuit and pragmatism when branding, as well as attach great importance to traditional publicity channels.

Exposure to Television Alcohol Brand Appearances as Predictor of Adolescent Brand Affiliation and Drinking Behaviors.

Adolescence and the transition to adulthood is an important developmental stage in the emergence of health risk behaviors, specifically underage alcohol use. Adolescents consume a tremendous amount of screened media (primarily streamed television), and media depictions of behaviors is prospectively linked to youth initiation of behaviors. With the arrival of streamed media technology, alcohol advertising can be nested within television content. This study describes alcohol brand depictions in television and evaluates impact of exposure to such depictions on adolescent drinking outcomes. A national sample of 2012 adolescents (Mage = 17.07; SD = 1.60 years, range 15-20; 50.70% female) reported on television viewership, alcohol brand affiliation, and drinking behavior, with follow-up one year later. Ten series (that remain relevant to youth today) across television ratings from a single television season were content coded for presence/salience of alcohol brand appearances. Adjusting for covariates (e.g., peer/parent drinking, youth sensation seeking, movie alcohol brand exposure), higher exposure to brand appearances in the television shows was associated with youth drinking. Aspirational and usual brand to drink corresponded to television alcohol brand prominence, and television brand exposure was independently associated with drinking initiation and hazardous drinking.

Factors Influencing Customer’s Retail Chain Store Brand Choice Intention: Empirical Study of Circle K Stores in Hanoi

The retail market in Vietnam continues to grow with the entry of foreign retail brands and the strong rise of domestic businesses in expanding distribution networks and conquering consumer confidence. The appearance of more retail brands has created a fiercely competitive market. Based on the outcomes of previous research results on brand choice intention combined with a customer survey, the paper proposes an analytical framework and scales to examine the relationship of five elements including store image, price perception, risk perception, brand attitudes, brand awareness and retail brand choice intention with a case study of the Hanoi-based Circle K convenience store chain. These five elements are the precondition for retail businesses to develop their brands so as to attract customers.