Appearance Of Body Research Articles

Body schema and body image as internal representations of the body, and their disorders. An historical review.

Since the early 1900s, the terms body schema and body image denoted the internal representations of the body. Bonnier's (1905, Revue Neurologique, 13, 605) schema is a conscious spatial representation of the size, shape, and position of the body, and of body parts, whose dysfunction brings about aschématia, and hypo-, hyper-, and paraschématia. The two schemata of Head and Holmes (1911, Brain, 34, 102) are an unconscious plastic postural schema, for the maintenance of posture and balance and for the coding of the position of body parts, and a conscious superficial schema, for the localisation of somatosensory stimuli. Pick's (1922, Psychologische Forschung, 1, 303) body schema refers to a structural description of the body, including the position of body parts and their spatial relationships, defective in autotopagnosia. Schilder's (1935, The image and appearance of the human body) body image is a comprehensive construct, covering physiological, evolutional, neurological and neuropsychological, psychiatric and sociological aspects. Lhermitte's (1939, L'image de notre corps) image, based on the views of the abovementioned authors, is defective in bodily neuropsychological disorders. The two terms have been used interchangeably, to denote (hemi-)asomatognosia, anosognosia, autotopagnosia, depersonalisation, personal neglect, phantom and supernumerary limbs, somatoparaphrenia. Their properties have been summarized with general dichotomies: schema for action in space ("where" system), image for perception ("what" system), after primary sensory processing. While schema and image fractionated into multiple representations of aspects of the body, the two terms are still used to refer to some of these representations, and to their disorders.

Refleksi Pengalaman Perempuan dalam Memoar Berteman dengan Kematian karya Sinta Ridwan

This research aims to reflect women's biological experience, women's language, women's psychology in the memoir Berteman dengan Kematian by Sinta Ridwan. This research uses the approach of Ginokritik Studies. The method used in this research is descriptive method with content analysis technique. The results of the data on the gynocritical analysis of the memoir Berteman dengan Kematian by Sinta Ridwan showed that there are three gynocritical models, namely: (1) women's biological experience, namely women's bodily experience, expressing all feelings, inner voices, women's desires, the appearance of the female body. (2) women's language expression, namely using their own style and language to model women's language, women's language can be seen from the aspects of conversation, intonation, and strategies in women's language (3) women's psychological experience, namely the experience and psychology of the author of all the emotions depicted in the work based on the author's psychological situation, female authors write stories with a background of suffering and madness as a form of expressing all the emotions that occur to women.

Clinical Case of a Foreign Body in the Soft Tissues surrounding the Knee Joint: to Help the Practitione

INTRODUCTION: The existence of foreign bodies in a human organism often creates difficulties in differential diagnosis and diagnosis verification. A clinical case of a 45-year-old female patient is presented. On examination, the patient complained of pain in the knee joints, restricted range of active movements, more on the left. Pain syndrome in the joints has been present for several years intensifying on exertion; a week before the current consultation, the patient fell down from her height on the left knee and felt a sharp enhancement of pain in it. X-ray of the left knee joint showed a fragmented foreign body in the surrounding soft tissues. The patient denied a history of trauma with a foreign body getting into the wound; she cannot give the data and mechanism of appearance of a foreign body in the soft tissues. CONCLUSION: The peculiarities of the given clinical case include the absence of data on the fact of entry of a foreign body, its prolonged presence in the soft tissues without significant clinical symptoms. A relative rarity of a foreign body in soft tissues, however, does not exclude it being a cause of pain syndrome, the primary care physicians should have diagnostic alertness. A thorough history taking and instrumental examinations are required to exclude, among other things, the presence of an X-ray negative foreign body. Not a single method of examination can be considered ideal for diagnosis of all types of foreign bodies.

Application of Multimedia Man-Machine Interaction in College Physical Education Teaching

In the realm of physical education in college, the traditional classroom teaching approach primarily relies on paper textbooks and demonstrations by the teacher. However, in today's physical education classrooms, there is a need to change these traditional teaching methods. Utilizing multimedia technology and interactive interfaces, teachers can demonstrate the essential actions and intricate details through multimedia videos and other formats such as push-pull and shaking. This chapter introduces a multi-segment human body tracking algorithm that focuses on real-time tracking. The human body target is divided into multiple segments, and an online learning method based on Hough Forests is used to learn the overall appearance of the human body and the appearance model of each segment. The research findings indicate that when the merged area exceeds 82.36% of the pre-segmentation area using watershed analysis, smaller areas lead to faster segmentation speed, while larger areas result in slower segmentation speed. Compared to other methods, this approach yields better recognition results.

Graph Neural Networks for Skeleton-based action recognition

One of the important directions of the application of artificial intelligence based on human bone behavior recognition is also a research hotspot in the field of computer vision in recent years. Human image video not only contains complex backgrounds, but also uncertain factors such as changes in illumination and changes in the appearance of the human body, which makes behavior recognition based on image videos have certain limitations. Compared with image video, human skeleton video can well overcome the influence of these uncertain factors, so be- havior recognition based on human skeleton has received more and more attention. The human skeleton sequence not only contains the tempo- ral features, but also the spatial structure features of the human body. How to effectively extract the discriminative spatial and temporal fea- tures from the human skeleton sequence is a problem to be solved. In recent years, many methods have been applied to bone-based behavior recognition, such as Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Graph Neural Network (GCN). This article will introduce the content and characteristics of these three methods one by one. , And conduct a comparative analysis on it.

Zgodność z Konstytucją RP unormowań prawnych dotyczących świadczeń medycyny estetycznej

The lack of a legal definition of aesthetic medicine benefits leads to a number of interpretive doubts about who can perform the above-mentioned procedures and the status of those who benefit from them. Only doctors have the knowledge and competence to change the appearance of the human body, while due to the fact that the legislator eliminated aesthetic treatments from the definition of health benefits, we can find aesthetic offerings, for example, in beauty salons. The definition of a patient has also been immanently linked to the use of health benefits, so those who undergo treatments not aimed at preserving, saving, restoring or improving health are consumers who are not entitled to a number of rights under the Act on Patient Rights and Commissioner for the Rights of the Patients. Therefore, the current Polish regulations on aesthetic medicine services conflict with the norms of the Constitution RP.

Emoji

Abstract Online users devise different strategies and techniques to make up for the absence of physical bodies in online communications, one of which is using emojis. Emojis are a diverse set of small images, symbols, or icons, standardized by the Unicode Consortium for utilization in electronic communication platforms. Their primary role is to effectively convey the emotional attitude of the writer, succinctly provide information, and playfully communicate messages. This article posits that bodily emojis (emojis portraying a body gesture or facial expression) are a form of digital embodiment. Their usage, thus, creates a form of digital performance. Emojis appear as a screen body in a space that lacks the physical one. Furthermore, I suggest that this body could be described as aesthetically Baroque. My proposition is that emojis exhibit Baroque characteristics such as dynamic and exaggerated forms and decorate texts. Emojis share similarities with the appearance and function of the Baroque body both in Baroque visual art and Baroque dance.

Hybrids Between Gray Seals (Halichoerus grypus) and Spotted Seals (Phoca largha): A Case of Xeno-Breeding Preference in Pinnipeds

Generally, a species is defined as an independent unit that is reproductively isolated from others. However, deviations from this definition are not uncommon. For example, cross-fertilization in pinnipeds has been reported among at least 10 species. Herein, we describe an unexpected hybridization that occurred between female gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) and male spotted seals (Phoca largha) in the presence of adult male gray seals in a mixed-species seal population under human care. To our knowledge, these are the first cases of gray and spotted seal hybrids ever reported. The three hybridized offspring had the appearance of a gray seal body and a spotted seal head. Microsatellite DNA markers were employed as genetic evidence to further support the hybridization events. Our study suggests a natural preference for interspecies hybridization between female gray seals and male spotted seals in human care. Following that, potential causes of cross-species hybridization, including female preference, male competition, and some other factors, are discussed.

A survey study on adverse effects of synthetic cosmetics

Background: Cosmetics are substances used to enhance the appearance or odour of the human body. The use of cosmetics in the present era has enormously increased and the chemicals present in them quite frequently cause adverse reactions like contact dermatitis, allergic reaction and so on. Therefore, a survey study was planned to evaluate awareness and knowledge about adverse effects of synthetic cosmetics among inmates of SDM Institute of Ayurveda and Hospital Bangalore. Methods: Descriptive survey study with self-administered questionnaire method sent to 500 participants selected randomly emailed through self-generated Google form. Results: Among 500 inmates of age between 18-50years, 427 (85.4%) responded as cosmetics are used for beautification, 454 (90.8%) inmates believe there will be long-term side effects by continuous use of synthetic cosmetics. 352 (70.4%) inmates are aware of harmful ingredients used in cosmetics. Conclusions: Majority of inmates have knowledge about adverse effects of cosmetics and are giving preference to herbal cosmetics. Inmates are even aware of hazardous toxic contents of cosmetics. The adverse effects caused by the cosmetics can be correlated to the toxicity signs and symptoms caused by of gara visha/artificial poisons and dushi visha/cumulative toxicity explained in ayurveda. The study forms the basis for future studies where in management of adverse effects of cosmetics could be tried in line of Garavisha and Dushivisha chikitsa.

Sexuality among young Danes treated for mental health problems: Baseline findings in a nationwide cohort study

Mental health problems are common among adolescents and young adults (AYA), but although sexuality plays a central role in the transition from adolescence to adulthood, associations between such problems and sexuality have only been sparsely researched in AYA. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between mental health problems and various outcomes related to body and sexuality, romantic relationships, sexual functioning, and sexual risk behaviors among AYA. We used questionnaire data from 8696 Danish AYA aged 15–24 years who participated in the nationwide cohort study Project SEXUS at baseline in 2017–2018. Logistic regression analyses yielded demographically weighted, age-adjusted odds ratios for associations between mental health problems and sexual outcomes. Female AYA treated for mental health problems reported more active sex lives than other women. Treatment for mental health problems was associated with statistically significantly increased odds ratios for several sexual dysfunctions, and treated AYA significantly more often reported sexual debut before age 15 years, high sex partner numbers, sexual victimization, unsafe sex, sexually transmitted infections, induced abortions, discontentment with the appearance of body and genitalia, gender non-conformity, same-sex sexual experience, and non-heterosexual identity. Compared to healthy peers, AYA treated for mental health problems constitute a vulnerable group at increased risk of sexual adversities. Healthcare professionals should acknowledge these possible sexual challenges and offer relevant counselling to reduce the risk of adverse sexual outcomes in this group.

Effects of avatar shape and motion on mirror neuron system activity.

Humanness is an important characteristic for facilitating interpersonal communication, particularly through avatars in the metaverse. In this study, we explored the mirror neuron system (MNS) as a potential neural basis for perceiving humanness in avatars. Although previous research suggests that the MNS may be influenced by human-like shape and motion, the results have been inconsistent due to the diversity and complexity of the MNS investigation. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of shape and motion humanness in avatars on MNS activity. Participants viewed videos of avatars with four different shapes (HumanShape, AngularShape, AbbreviatedShape, and ScatteredShape) and two types of motion (HumanMotion and LinearMotion), and their μ-wave attenuation in the electroencephalogram was evaluated. Results from a questionnaire indicated that HumanMotion was perceived as human-like, while AbbreviatedShape and ScatteredShape were seen as non-human-like. AngularShape's humanity was indefinite. The MNS was activated as expected for avatars with human-like shapes and/or motions. However, for non-human-like motions, there were differences in activity trends depending on the avatar shape. Specifically, avatars with HumanShape and ScatteredShape in LinearMotion activated the MNS, but the MNS was indifferent to AngularShape and AbbreviatedShape. These findings suggest that when avatars make non-human-like motions, the MNS is activated not only for human-like appearance but also for the scattered and exaggerated appearance of the human body in the avatar shape. These findings could enhance inter-avatar communication by considering brain activity.

New Blombos Cave evidence supports a multistep evolutionary scenario for the culturalization of the human body

The emergence of technologies to culturally modify the appearance of the human body is a debated issue, with earliest evidence consisting of perforated marine shells dated between 140 and 60 ka at archaeological sites from Africa and western Asia. In this study, we submit unpublished marine and estuarine gastropods from Blombos Cave Middle Stone Age layers to taxonomic, taphonomic, technological, and use-wear analyses. We show that unperforated and naturally perforated eye-catching shells belonging to the species Semicassis zeylanica, Conus tinianus, and another Conus species, possibly Conus algoensis, were brought to the cave between 100 and 73 ka. At ca. 70 ka, a previously unrecorded marine gastropod, belonging to the species Tritia ovulata, was perforated by pecking and was worn as an ornamental object, isolated or in association with numerous intentionally perforated shells of the species Nassarius kraussianus. Fluctuations in sea level and consequent variations in the site-to-shoreline distances and landscape modifications during the Middle Stone Age have affected the availability of marine shells involved in symbolic practices. During the M3 and M2 Lower phases, with a sea level 50 m lower, the site was approximately 3.5 km away from the coast. In the later M2 Upper and M1 phases, with a sea level at −60 m, the distance increased to about 5.7 km. By the end of the M1 phase, when the site was abandoned, Blombos Cave was situated 18–30 km from the shoreline. We use the new Blombos evidence and a review of the latest findings from Africa and Eurasia to propose a testable ten-step evolutionary scenario for the culturalization of the human body with roots in the deep past.

Intelligent monitoring of water quality based on image analytics

Owing to the limitations of the spatial arrangement of monitoring stations and time acquisition of satellite remote sensing images, the water quality monitoring of rivers, especially small- and medium-sized rivers, cannot be satisfied in terms of time and space continuity. In this study, we propose a standardization method for the camera images derived at different locations on different time considering the influences of light, shadows, reflections, ripples, leaves and so on. After this algorithm is established, an estimation algorithm based on the comprehensive appearance of water body is proposed, which has the potential of realising real-time, mobile, and continuous monitoring of water quality with low costs. The test results showed that the accuracy of the model was quite high compared to the results of the hydrological monitoring stations. Compared with the single-point detection of water quality monitoring stations, this method has advantages in terms of dynamic detection and small- andmedium-sized water body detection, which can serve as a supplement to traditional detection.

Seismic Scattering and Absorption Properties of Mars Estimated Through Coda Analysis on a Long‐Period Surface Wave of S1222a Marsquake

AbstractOn 4 May 2022, the seismometer on Mars observed the largest marsquake (S1222a) during its operation. One of the most specific features of S1222a is the long event duration lasting more than 8 hr, in addition to the clear appearance of body and surface waves. As demonstrated on Earth, by modeling a long‐lasting and scattered surface wave with the radiative transfer theory under the isotropic scattering condition, we estimated the scattering and intrinsic quality factors of Mars (Qs and Qi). This study especially focused on the frequency range between 0.05–0.09 Hz, where Qs and Qi have not been constrained yet. Our results revealed that Qi = 1,000–1,500 and Qs = 30–500. By summarizing the Martian Qi and Qs estimated so far and by comparing them with those of other celestial bodies, we found that, overall, the Martian scattering and absorption properties showed Earth‐like values.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Lipstick from the Beetroot-A Natural Coloring Matter

Herbal cosmetics mean cosmetics that are prepared from the herbal origin. Nowadays herbal cosmetics are in great demand worldwide to alter and enhance the appearance of the human body and herbal lipstick is one of the popular cosmetics. Herbal preparations such as herbal tonics, herbal tablets, herbal shampoo, herbal creams, herbal pastes, herbal lipstick, etc. have become famous among consumers, especially women. There are several advantages of herbal lipstick over synthetic ones. Herbal lipsticks are smooth and easy to apply, non-irritant, non-toxic, free from grittiness, and have a pleasant taste, odor and flavor. Herbal lipstick is formulated by using oils, waxes, fragrances, antioxidants, coloring matter, preservatives, etc. The main objective of this work is to formulate and evaluate herbal lipstick from beetroot as a natural coloring matter to avoid the side effects of synthetic formulations. The lipstick contains synthetic colors that may cause severe side effects on the lips such as dryness cracking, skin irritation, skin discoloration, acne, and cancer. This can be avoided by using natural coloring agents from various herbal sources. The formulated lipsticks were evaluated with several parameters like color, melting point, breaking point, force of application, PH, solubility, skin irritation, perfume stability, and aging stability. Among all the formulations, the F4 formulation was found to meet all evaluation criteria and have fewer or no side effects.

Male ‘play-garden’ versus female ‘tightrope walking’: an exploration of gendered embodiment in Dutch higher education

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of gendered practices in academia by further exploring the embodiment of gender; we do so by comparing these practices between the experiences of female and male respondents concerning gender stereotypes and the individual embodiment thereof in academics within research universities in the Netherlands. Our analysis includes interviews with 26 female and male associate professors – thirteen pairs matched at the department and discipline levels – which enabled us to compare academic experiences of each gender. A significant proportion of the interviewed academics perceived the Dutch academic context as a gendered and embodied professional setting and implied women are not only considered less eligible for promotion because of their gender; notably, some male respondents were blind to these stereotypes. Several of the reported stereotypes refer to the appearance of the female body and the behaviour of women and provided clarification of different career progressions.

Cosmetic Science

Cosmetics, also known ikeup or ake-up. ae care substances used to enhance the appearance or order of the human body. They are generally mixtures of chemical compound some bang derived from natural sources (such as coconut oil) and many being synthetics .In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which enhance cosmetics, defines cosmetics as "intended to be applied to the human body for cleaning . Beautifying promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance washout affecting the body's structure or functions. This material intended for use as component of a cosmetic product. The FDA specifically excludes soap from this category.

The importance of physical appearance and actual body figure of women in Serbia in the contemporary sociocultural environment

In a social environment that emphasizes the importance of physical appearance and women is valued based on body appearance and sexuality, it raises the question of the relationship it establishes towards its own body. The work was intended to determine the attitude of respondents towards the importance attached to the physical appearance of the female body in the modern socio-cultural context and the degree of (dis)satisfaction with its own body. The questionnaire consists of a Scala attitude towards ?good? physical appearance (DFI scale), a seven-point Liqueur-type scale, and the Photography Figure Rating Scale (PFRS), which contains ten figures with different body mass index (BMI), from skinny to obese female bodies, filled out is by 462 respondents. The attitude towards physical appearance was not directly reflected in body dissatisfaction (there is no connection between these two constructs), but social ideals of beauty (thin ideal), which are transmitted through numerous sociocultural channels, are internalized. Respondents show a tendency to choose a figure (ideal) from BMI categories with insufficient weight. In general, the results show that the importance attached to the physical appearance of a woman?s body is largely determined by the value and psychological component, and that respondents have internalized to some extent social standards that promote slender and thin bodies.

Cosmetics regulations and standardization guidelines

Cosmetics are products used for enhancing or maintaining the appearance of the human body. They include skincare, haircare, fragrances, and personal hygiene products. While cosmetics can provide various benefits, they may also pose risks to consumers’ health and safety. As a result, many countries have established regulatory bodies to ensure the safety and efficacy of cosmetic products. Regulatory bodies are responsible for setting and enforcing standards for cosmetic products to protect consumers from potential harm. They evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ingredients used in cosmetics and establish guidelines for labeling, advertising, and packaging. Some of the major regulatory bodies that oversee cosmetics include the US Food and Drug Administration, the European Commission, and Health Canada. Regulatory bodies typically require cosmetic manufacturers to conduct safety assessments on their products and ingredients before they can be marketed to consumers. These assessments involve evaluating the potential toxicity, skin irritation, and other potential risks associated with the product or ingredient. Regulatory bodies also conduct postmarket surveillance to monitor adverse reactions and to ensure that products continue to meet safety and quality standards. Furthermore, regulatory bodies play a crucial role in ensuring that cosmetics are safe and effective for consumers. The regulations and guidelines they establish help to protect consumers from potential health risks associated with cosmetic products. The important regulatory frameworks governing cosmetic and herbal cosmetic products in various areas and nations have been briefly summarized in this chapter. It is crucial to follow these rules to guarantee product safety and safeguard customer interests. Companies need to keep aware as the cosmetics industry develops and reacts to the shifting regulatory environment.

Improving Person Re-Identification With Multi-Cue Similarity Embedding and Propagation

Most existing person re-identification (Re-ID) methods rely on the visual appearance of the human body. However, face cues are rarely explored in the Re-ID community despite the face that it is an important biometric identifier for human beings. In this work, we propose a Similarity Ensemble Framework (SEF) that uses multi-cue similarity embedding and propagation to effectively fuse body and face information for person re-identification. Specifically, for each query, we first perform standard pedestrian retrieval using body and face cues, respectively, to obtain some candidate results with high confidence. Next, the body and face similarities are combined and embedded into a shared space as node features, and two graphs with the same nodes and different edges with respect to body and face affinities are constructed. Then, the similarity features are propagated in both body and face graphs using graph convolution to capture the relationship among the candidates using different cues. Lastly, the refined features are used to compute the final similarities with the query. The proposed method not only combines the similarities of body and face, but also takes into account the relationship among all the other candidate samples under different cues. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the use of face cues effectively improves the performance of person Re-ID even if the performance obtained by the face alone is much lower than that of the body, suggesting that our approach is able to capture valuable information beyond body from weaker face cues in person Re-ID scenarios.