Scale Anxiety Inventory Research Articles

Comparison of Parental and Children’s Dental Anxiety Levels Using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and Modified Short State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (EMOJI) Scale

Background: The study aimed to assess dental anxiety (self and proxy reported) using a Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and modified short State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale (Emoji). Methods: 200 children visiting the pediatric dental clinic at the College of Dentistry at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University were recruited to assess their anxiety levels. The anxiety score was measured before and after the treatment using a short STAI scale and MDAS of 200 children using a Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and a modified short STAI (Emoji) Scale. Results: The perception of children with MDAS was found to have the highest mean score of 14.54 ± 3.82 before the dental procedure compared to the mean score of 9.40 ± 2.90 after the dental procedure. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was observed in MDAS after the dental procedure and, in short, STAI before the dental procedure. Conclusion: All children improved their dental anxiety levels before and after the procedure. Therefore, procedural experience may improve the child’s response.

Application of comprehensive nursing combined with ISBAR handover approach in the nursing of patients with placental abruption.

The research for this paper was conducted to unveil the effect of comprehensive nursing combined with the Identification-Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (ISBAR) handover approach in the nursing of patients with placental abruption. The 40 cases of placental abruption patients admitted to the Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University from May 2021 to May 2022 were subjected to conventional basic nursing combined with traditional handover tool intervention, which was recorded as the control group; the 40 cases of placental abruption patients admitted to the Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University from June 2022 to June 2023 were subjected to comprehensive nursing combined with ISBAR handover tool intervention, which was recorded as the observation group. Maternal and infant outcomes, the quality of nurse handover, and the psychological burden [State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI), Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-AI), Distress Thermometer (DT), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)] were observed in the two groups, and the satisfaction with nursing was also assessed by using a self-administered satisfaction scale in the two groups. The rate of normal delivery of patients in the observation group was higher and the rate of cesarean section and the total incidence of complications were lower than that of the control group. The 1- and 5-min Apgar scores of the newborns in the observation group were higher and the total complication rate was lower than that in the control group. Nurses in the observation group had higher scores for nurses' shift handover quality. S-AI, T-AI, and DT scores were lower in both groups after the intervention and were lowest in the observation group; GSES scores were higher and were highest in the observation group. Satisfaction with nursing was higher in the observation group than in the control group. Comprehensive nursing combined with the ISBAR handover approach applied to the clinical care of patients with placenta abruption can effectively improve the outcomes of mothers and infants, enhance the quality of nurses' shift handovers, reduce the psychological burden of patients and increase nursing satisfaction.

Prevalence of anxiety among medical students of D.G. Khan Medical College: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To evaluate anxiety levels among medical students of a public medical college by using a self-administered anxiety questionnaire. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Study was conducted on the MBBS students of D.G. Khan Medical College. Period: December 2022 to June 2023. Methods: A validated questionnaire comprised on Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scale was provided to all MBBS students at D. G. Khan medical college. Sociodemographic variables like; gender, age, locality, and current residential status were included in the questionnaire. The data was transferred to SPSS V-23 to analyze the variance of Anxiety Levels and MBBS study years among both genders. The p-value (p ≤ 0.05) was used to decide significance of the results. Results: The number of respondents was 523 (93.6%) out of 559 enrolled students at the time of the survey. Using the BAI scale, the overall anxiety estimated in MBBS students was 96.4% including male (95.5%) and female (97.0%). However, the prevalence of severe anxiety observed in female (22.2%) students was slightly higher than male (21.9%) students. Moreover, the highest level of severe anxiety (37.1%) was detected in 3rd year students whereas, the peak value of overall anxiety (23.1%) was detected in 2nd year students. The gender comparison test (p = 0.006) revealed that females exhibit more anxiety than males. Conclusion: The higher levels of anxiety were consistently observed among female students. The severe anxiety was observed among 3rd year students, likely due to their transition into the clinical year facing additional c hallenges beyond academics.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review

Anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), panic disorder, and specific phobias, are significant public health concerns that affect millions worldwide and lead to substantial impairments in daily functioning and quality of life. Traditional treatments may not suit everyone, highlighting the need for alternatives like Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), which emphasizes mindfulness meditation. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing anxiety symptoms across various anxiety disorders by synthesizing research findings from studies published between January 2013 and April 2024. A comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Semantic Scholar, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, using keywords such as “Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction,” “MBSR,” “anxiety disorder,” and “effectiveness.” Peer-reviewed studies assessing the efficacy of MBSR on anxiety disorders were included, with data extraction and quality assessment performed following PRISMA 2022 guidelines. The search identified 1095 articles, with 13 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for the final analysis, encompassing a total sample size of 751 participants. The studies varied in design, sample size, participant demographics, and targeted anxiety disorders. Findings consistently showed significant reductions in anxiety symptoms among participants receiving MBSR compared to control groups. For GAD, studies reported improvements in anxiety and stress measures such as the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). For SAD, reductions in social anxiety symptoms were observed, with some studies showing comparable effectiveness to CBT. This review presents compelling evidence supporting the efficacy of MBSR in reducing symptoms associated with anxiety disorders. Future research should focus on the long-term effects, impact on diverse demographic groups, and specific mechanisms to improve its clinical applicability.

Effect of Music Therapy on Anxiety, Stress and Sedative Requirements in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgery Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background Music therapy is a safe, non-pharmacological way to help reduce anxiety, especially before surgery. It helps to calm the nervous system, promotes relaxation, and offers comfort by blocking outside noise and distracting from pain. This can be helpful in managing preoperative anxiety and symptoms like hypertension and tachycardia. While the benefits of music therapy for stress and sedation are well known, its specific effects on patients receiving spinal anesthesia haven't been studied yet. Understanding this could improve care for these patients. Overall, music therapy could be a valuable tool in the surgical process. Objectives Primary objective: The study aimed to compare sedative requirements between two patient groups. Secondary objectives: To compare anxiety levels between two patient groupsusing the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. It also assessed hemodynamic changes and measured stress levels by analyzing serum cortisol and immunoglobulin A levels in both groups. Materials and methods Ninety-two American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I and II patients, aged 18-65 years, with a body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2 undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were selected for the study. After spinal anesthesia, the group M (n=46)patients received the music of their choice from headphones connected to mobile phones and patients in group NM (n=46)were attached headphones without any music therapy. After the attachment of headphones, propofol was administered in both the groups for sedation in a bolus dose of 1-2mg/kg iv followed by an infusion dose of 5-50 μg/kg/min. The propofol infusion was titrated based on Bispectral Index (BIS) values kept between 70 and 80 for moderate sedation. Preoperatively, blood samples were collected to measure baseline serum cortisol and IgA levels. Intraoperatively, hemodynamic parameters were measured, and anxiety level was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Scale 30 minutes prior to the administration of spinal anesthesia. Postoperatively, anxiety was re-evaluated, and additional blood samples for the assessment of cortisol and IgA were taken at 30 minutes and 12 hours after the administration of spinal anesthesia. Results The mean serum cortisol was lower in Group M as compared to Group NM (15.1±1.2 vs. 17.1±1; p = 0.0001). Mean serum IgA was significantly lower in Group M as compared to Group NM (269.3±54.5 vs. 294.2±49.9; p = 0.024) during the intraoperative period. The mean STAI Score was lower in Group Mcompared to Group NM (34.87±4.53 vs. 34.61±5.06; p = 0.008). The mean propofol requirement (mg) was lower in Group M as compared to Group NM (147.8±11.3 vs. 193±16; p = 0.0001). The hemodynamic parameters were comparable between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion Patients in the music therapy group experienced lower anxiety, stress, and serum cortisol levels during surgery, with reduced serum IgA levels and decreased propofol requirement for sedation. Overall, music therapy was effective in reducing anxiety, stress, and sedative requirements during surgery under regional anesthesia.

Quality of life in atrial fibrillation patients and its relationship to family member anxiety and depression

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been found to decrease quality of life (QOL), and a few studies suggest that family members of AF patients can also experience negative emotions. This study aims to assess the anxiety and depression of the immediate family members of AF patients and to investigate the influence of the QOL of the AF patients on this anxiety and depression. Method This cross-sectional study recruited 121 pairs of AF patients and their immediate relatives along with 121 controls who and whose immediate relatives did not have AF. The patients filled out the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-life (AFEQT) questionnaire, and the relatives and the controls were required to complete the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (ST-AI) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results The score (mean (SD)) of the State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI, a subscale of ST-AI) in the relatives’ group was 44.9 (10.6), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (38.5 (9.5), p < 0.001). Among the different kinship subgroups, the children of the AF patients had the highest state anxiety score (mean value = 47.0, p=0.075). A negative linear relationship between the patients' overall AFEQT score and the relatives' S-AI score was found (standardized regression coefficient = -0.244, p < 0.001). For those patients who had particularly low AFEQT scores of less than 40, their relatives’ S-AI scores were significantly higher than other members of the relatives’ group (52.1 vs. 42.9, p = 0.001). AF patients in the peri-ablation period (81, 66.9%) had no difference in their AFEQT scores compared to other patients (60.8 vs. 64.4, p= 0.316) and there was also no difference in their family members’ ST-AI or SDS scores. Conclusion Study members showed considerable state anxiety if their family members had AF and increases in this anxiety were positively correlated with decreases in the HRQOL of the AF patients.

Pain Candidate Genes 5-HTTLPR and COMT Affect Anxiety and Mood in Japanese Ballet Dancers: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study.

The balance of mental, physical, and technical aspects is essential in improving ballet performance. Ballet dancers' emotional and behavioral characteristics vary, even under identical stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between the pain candidate genes 5-HTTLPR and COMT and anxiety in Japanese ballet dancers. Participants were 18 youth elite ballet students with professional aspirations (Y-Elite) and 16 dancers in a professional ballet company (Pro). We administered psychological questionnaires, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS), to participants under the following four different stress conditions: standard practice day, cast decision day, rehearsal day, and one week before competition day. In addition, the genotypes of 5-HTTLPR and COMT Val158Met were examined. The distribution of 5-HTTLPR was not different between Y-Elite and Pro dancers, although one of the COMT genotypes was different. Y-Elite dancers had higher trait anxiety scores than Pro dancers for these genotypes before competition (ps < 0.03), although no significant association was observed between both genotypes and scores on the STAI across conditions. Their moods were significantly different through the four conditions (p < 0.004). Pro dancers' moods were also more stable than those of the Y-Elite dancers in the presence of pain. The results indicate that 5-HTTLPR and COMT play a crucial role in dancers' anxiety and mood during pain (ps < 0.05). Pro dancers are probably predicted by their lower neuroticism and mood scores and their better adaptation to stress than Y-Elite dancers. The 5-HTTLPR and COMT genes may be influencing the sensitivity to the environment. Youth elite ballet dancers need to understand the relationship between pain and physical activity from an early stage.

Investigating the Impact of Garden Plant Smellscapes on Human Well-Being: A Case Study of Pine Forests

The smellscape of garden plants plays a crucial role in promoting human well-being. Despite this, empirical data on the specific effects of distinct stimulation methods on public health remain insufficient. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of three distinct sensory modalities, olfactory, visual, and their combined effect, on both physiological and psychological reactions to a pine forest’s smellscape. A sample of 95 college students was selected, with data collected through both physiological and psychological measurements. The analysis focused on variables such as blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (P), pulse pressure (PP), skin conductance (SC), brainwave patterns (α, β), the odor emotion semantic differential (SD), and the State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI) scale. The results reveal that in the pine forest aroma environment, the central nervous system shows a compromise effect during olfactory–visual interaction, with greater autonomic nervous system (ANS) activation compared with either stimulus alone, suggesting cumulative effects. Psychologically, the influence of olfactory interaction on anxiety fell between that of visual and olfactory stimulation. Participants consistently reported that the combination of both the sight and scent of a pine forest was the most invigorating. Furthermore, research revealed that combining olfactory and visual stimuli led to a more profound amplification of positive environmental perceptions compared with when each sense was engaged individually. These findings lay the groundwork for understanding how garden plant aromas contribute to human well-being.

Effectiveness of Emotional-Focused Coping on Heart-Focused Anxiety in Patients Prior to cardiac Catheterization

Background: Heart-focused anxiety involves a concentration on and a fear of cardiac-related feelings and their anticipated negative outcomes (such as a life-threatening arrhythmia or abrupt cardiac death). It results in continuing concerns about heart function, avoiding activities that are thought to cause cardiac symptoms, and frequent behavior of requesting assistance in medical settings. Study purpose: This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of Emotional-Focused Coping on Heart-Focused Anxiety in Patients Prior to cardiac Catheterization. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study using (pretest and posttest design with a control group). A purposive sampling technique was used to gather the study information from 120 patients prior to cardiac catheterization by using the beck anxiety inventory scale. The study is conducted in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Government, Al-Najaf Center for Cardiac Surgery and Trans-Catheter Therapy. Results: A statistically significant difference is found in participants anxiety level prior to cardiac catheterization between the first measure before applying the coping techniques and the second measure after the application of coping strategies (Mean difference =13.500, P &lt;0.0005) Conclusion: The emotional focused coping strategies are proves as easy interventions to apply and effective in terms of reducing the level of heart-focused anxiety prior to cardiac catheterization

The Effect of Finger Puppet Play on Pain and Anxiety during Peripheral Vascular Opening Attempts in Preschool-age Children during Emergency Room Visits: Randomized Controlled Study

Objective: The pupose of this study is to examine the effect of finger puppet play on pain and anxiety during peripheral vascular access in preschool-age children in the emergency room. Design and methods: The study was conducted in a randomised controlled manner. The study population consisted of children aged 4–6 years who came to the paediatric emergency room of a hospital in Turkey between 25 May and 25 June 2022. The sample consisted of 97 children who met the research criteria between these dates (49 in the control group, 48 in the finger puppet play group). Stratification and block randomisation methods were used to determine the experimental and control groups.The data were collected with the Survey Form, Child Fear and Anxiety Inventory (CFAI) and Wong-Baker Facial Expression Rating Scale (WB-FAS) through interviews conducted by the researchers. Finger puppet play was shown to the experimental group during the procedure. Results: In the experimental and control groups, the child's pain and anxiety were evaluated by the child, parent, and researcher before the procedure, and similar pain and anxiety values were found from each source (p&gt;0.05). During the procedure, the child's pain and anxiety were evaluated by the child, the parent, and the researcher, and it was found that the children in the finger puppet game group experienced significantly less pain and anxiety than the children in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Results: According to these results, the application of finger puppetry to children aged 4–6 years undergoing peripheral vascular access was effective in reducing pain and anxiety.

Comparison of State-Trait Anxiety and Fear of Childbirth According to Attachment Styles of Pregnant Women.

Fear of childbirth (FoC) and its extreme form, tokophobia, is a clinical condition that can lead to many negative consequences, and its importance is increasingly understood. This article aims to assess the severity of FoC and anxiety levels according to different attachment styles and to investigate the relationships between these factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a state hospital in the largest city in Turkey. Three hundred pregnant women attending the Antenatal Outpatient Clinic were included. A sociodemographic questionnaire, Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire-version-A (W-DEQ), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Adult Attachment Style Scale were administered. 8.1% of participants had tokophobia (W-DEQ sum score ≥85). FoC was significantly higher in pregnant women who had a history of pregnancy loss and past psychiatric history. For multiparous women, adverse birth outcomes were also associated with higher FoC. State and trait anxiety were positively correlated with FoC levels. Regarding the attachment patterns, pregnant women with avoidant attachment styles presented with higher levels of FoC than those with secure attachment styles. In logistic regression analysis, higher anxiety levels, adverse birth outcomes, and insecure attachment styles were found to predict severe and clinical FoC. FoC has a considerable effect on pregnant women, albeit at different clinical levels. Adverse birth outcomes, high anxiety levels, and insecure attachment styles were associated with higher FoC. Therefore, antenatal patients with adverse birth outcomes and higher anxiety levels, which are risk factors for FoC, should be carefully evaluated in terms of tokophobia and referred to mental health professionals when necessary.

Animated video reduces pain and anxiety during pin removal in children with supracondylar humerus fractures: a randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study; is to determine the level of pain and anxiety experienced by pediatric patients with operated humeral supracondylar fractures during pin removal, and to investigate the effectiveness of animated video impressions. This randomized controlled study included 180 patients aged between 4 and 12years. The patients were divided into four groups: Group 1-control; Group 2-watched the introductory animation video before the procedure; Group 3-using analgesic before the procedure (ibuprofen 10mg/kg); Group 4-watched the introductory animation video and used analgesic before the procedure. To assess pain before randomization, before-during-after procedure, and at outpatient clinic controls; the Wong-Baker Pain Scale (WBS), modified CHEOPS (Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale), and the child's heart rate were used. To assess anxiety; the Children's Anxiety Meter (CAM), The Short State Anxiety Inventory Scale (SAIS), and The Children's Emotion Management Scales (CEMS) were used. While a significant difference was detected between the groups in the tests performed at certain intervals (p < 0.001), no significant difference was detected between Groups 1-3 and Groups 2-4. The Modified CHEOPS and CEMS values obtained during the procedure showed significant variability between the groups (p < 0.001). Similarly, While a significant difference was detected between the groups in the WBS scores measured during the procedure (p < 0.001), it was observed that there was no significant relationship between Groups 1-3 and Groups 2-4 (p = 0.892, p = 0.820). Watching an introductory animated video before pin removal is an effective method to relieve the anxiety and pain felt in children with supracondylar fractures.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Health Anxiety and Cyberchondria in Obese Cases

Objective: Obesity is a condition that can lead to many serious health problems, and the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria can cause increased levels of health-related anxiety in obese individuals, consequently reducing their quality of life. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between health anxiety and cyberchondria levels in obese individuals. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted between 15 July and 21 November 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 389 obese individuals with BMI&gt;30 who applied to the obesity centre of a university hospital. Descriptive Information Form, Health Anxiety Inventory and Cyberchondria Severity Scale were used in the study. Results: The total score of the participants in this study was 21.87± 9.70 on the Health Anxiety Scale and 81.37± 20.11 on the Cyberchondria Severity Scale. A significant positive correlation was found between health anxiety and cyberchondria levels. In addition, regression analysis showed that cyberchondria predicted 14% of health anxiety. Conclusion: Nurses working in the field of public health and mental health need to understand health anxiety and cyberchondria in order to identify attitudes and behaviors that may occur in obese individuals in physical, social and mental areas and to apply nursing interventions when necessary.

Reflection impulsivity in patients with panic disorder

ABSTRACT Background Individuals with panic disorder (PD) often exhibit a proclivity to conclude that an imminent catastrophe looms, drawing such conclusions from limited physical information. Reflection impulsivity, characterized by decision-making without adequate information, likely affects this bias. This study examines the relationship between reflection impulsivity and self-report impulsive features in individuals with PD. Methods Fifty patients with PD and 50 healthy controls (HC) participated to this study. Reflection impulsivity was assessed using the Information Sampling Task (IST), while trait impulsivity was measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). Participants also completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (P&A), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3). Results Individuals with PD exhibited higher reflection impulsivity compared to HC. Increased reflection impulsivity correlated positively with PD severity as assessed by the P&A and cognitive concerns measured by ASI-3. No significant correlations were found with physical or social concerns. PD patients had higher BIS scores than HC. Higher trait impulsivity was linked to recurrent emergency department visits among PD patients. Discussion The findings of this study reveal the notion of increased impulsivity among individuals with PD and its relationship with cognitive concerns, as well as recurrent visits to the emergency department stemming from panic attacks.

The effect of home ultrasound on maternal anxiety in patients with previous recurrent pregnancy loss: A randomized control trial

BackgroundPatients with previous recurrent pregnancy loss are subject to increased maternal anxiety and reduced antenatal attachment during the subsequent pregnancy. Maternal anxiety is associated with worse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Home ultrasound is a feasible tool with the potential to alleviate maternal anxiety by ensuring fetal well-being. ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of complementing standard prenatal care with twice-weekly telemedicine visits incorporating home ultrasound on maternal anxiety and antenatal attachment in individuals with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. Study designIn this randomized controlled trial, patients with a history of 2 or more prior abortions were randomized early in their subsequent pregnancy in a 1:1 ratio into either the control group, which received standard high-risk prenatal care, or the study group, which received additional twice-weekly home-ultrasound sessions. The home-ultrasound scans assessed fetal pulse, movements, and amniotic fluid volume, aiming to provide maternal reassurance. Patients performed the scans themselves using the Pulsenmore device, with real-time guidance from a physician. Maternal anxiety was assessed using the validated State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (STAI-S) and the Revised Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (NuPDQ), while maternal attachment was measured with the validated Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS-2) at 3 time points during pregnancy. The primary outcome was the STAI-S score at the final prenatal visit. A sample size of 50 patients was calculated to detect a 20% difference in the primary outcome. ResultsOf the 57 patients recruited, 50 completed the follow-up, 25 in each group. There were no significant differences in demographics between the groups. The primary outcome (STAI score at the last visit) was significantly lower in the device group compared to the control group (P=.037). In addition, the study group exhibited a greater reduction in STAI scores between the first and last visits (P=.045), and a significantly higher MAAS score at the end of the follow-up period (P=.046). ConclusionIntegrating routine home-ultrasound telemedicine visits into prenatal care can significantly reduce maternal anxiety during pregnancy and contribute to greater maternal attachment in individuals with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. These results emphasize the potential benefits of home ultrasound as a tool to alleviate anxiety, provide a sense of control, and foster a deeper maternal connection among pregnant individuals who have experienced previous pregnancy loss.

Resilience in Adult Coeliac Patients on a Gluten-Free Diet: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Italian Study.

Data on resilience, the ability to recover from adversity, in coeliac disease (CeD) are lacking. To assess the degree of resilience in patients with CeD on a gluten-free diet (GFD), and its association with clinical features, sociodemographic factors, psychological morbidity, and quality of life (QOL). A cross-sectional multicentre Italian study was conducted on adult CeD patients between May 2022 and April 2023. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Coeliac Disease-specific Quality of Life Scale (CD-QOL), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale (STAI-Y), and the Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI) were used to evaluate resilience, QOL, anxiety, and depression, respectively. A multivariate analysis was conducted to identify factors independently associated with the degree of resilience. A total of 305 patients (221 F, mean age at CeD diagnosis 36 ± 16 years) on a long-term GFD (median 8 years, IQR 3-17) were enrolled. A total of 298/305 patients (98%) had a high level of resilience (CD-RISC ≥ 35). At univariate analysis, resilience was statistically associated with male gender (p = 0.03), age at enrolment (p = 0.02), marital status (p = 0.03), QOL (p < 0.001), anxiety (p < 0.001), and depression (p < 0.001). On multivariate regression analysis, trait anxiety (STAI-Y2, p < 0.001) and depression (BDI, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of lower levels of resilience. Higher trait anxiety predicts lower levels of resilience. Targeted interventions in this subgroup of patients may be helpful for their management and follow-up.

Assessment of Stress and Anxiety in Parents of Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Care Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU).

Background A newborn's admission into the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is one unexpected event capable of causing much stress and anxiety amongparents. The current study aims to evaluate and compare parental stress and anxiety levels between mothers and fathers. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted in the NICU of a tertiary care center, in Uttarakhand where a total of 306 mothers and fathers were enrolled. Data was compiled using a questionnaire consisting of demographic details of parents and infants' clinical profiles,Parental Stressor Scale (PSS) NICU, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scales were used to evaluate stress and anxiety, respectively. Results Mothersmean stress levels were greater and statistically significant. The most affected subscale in both parents was the change in parental role (M: 4.4/F: 3.3; p < 0.001). Parents with high trait anxiety also had high state anxiety (M: 51.3/F: 45.5; p < 0.001). Mothers were found to have higher trait and state anxiety than fathers. Conclusion Parents of newborns admitted in the NICU experience significant stress and anxiety. Mothers had higher levels of stress and anxiety; similar findings have been recorded previously in Indian and western literature.

Trait-based Anxiety Symptoms are Associated with Higher Incidence of Nightmare Frequency in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort

ABSTRACT Objectives Nightmares affect up to 12% of the population and are often comorbid with psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. Limited research has examined their influence on nightmare frequency. This study investigates the relationship between depression and trait-anxiety symptoms on incident nightmare frequency at follow-up. Method Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted on 758 Wisconsin Sleep Cohort participants. Trait anxiety and depression symptom severity were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zung Depression Scale. Ordinal regression determined nightmare frequency cutoffs based on anxiety and depression severity. Cross-sectional associations were assessed with Spearman and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Longitudinal associations were analyzed using adjusted binomial regression of binary nightmare frequency (low: <4/month, high: >5/month) against clinical cutoffs of trait anxiety and depression. Results Adjusted models indicated a small correlation between baseline nightmare frequency and trait anxiety (β = 0.01, p = .010) and depression symptoms (β = 0.01, p = .005). High baseline trait-anxiety symptoms were associated with frequent nightmares at follow-up (OR = 3.75, CI95% [1.306,10.793], p < .014), but depression symptoms were not (OR = 1.35, CI95%[0.399, 4.587], p = .627). Conclusions Our findings suggest that high trait-anxiety symptoms are associated with increased incident nightmare frequency, when adjusted for depression. However, high depression symptoms were not associated with an increase in nightmare frequency when adjusted for trait-anxiety.

Investigating the impact of patient-centered peer counseling on anxiety and pain among burn patients: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectivePain and anxiety are common complications in burn patients, significantly impacting treatment effectiveness and overall patient well-being. Peer counseling, a form of patient education provided by individuals with shared experiences, may hold potential to alleviate this pain and anxiety. This study seeks to investigate the effectiveness of patient-centered education through peer counseling on background pain and state anxiety levels in these patients. MethodsA two-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled trial design was employed. A total of 86 participants were randomly allocated to one of two groups: control and intervention groups. State anxiety and background pain levels were assessed using the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively, before and after intervention. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and paired t-test, were employed to analyze the data. ResultsThe intervention significantly reduced pain and anxiety in the intervention group compared to baseline (p < .001). There was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups in baseline levels, but there was a significant difference after the intervention (p < .001). ConclusionThis study demonstrates the efficacy of patient-centered education through peer counseling in reducing background pain and state anxiety levels in burn patients. Compared to standard education, peer counseling led to a more pronounced reduction in both pain and anxiety, suggesting its potential as a valuable nonpharmaceutical intervention to improve patient well-being during burn recovery. Practice implicationsBased on our findings, we recommend that healthcare providers consider implementing peer-based education programs in burn care settings.

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Anxiety and Quality of Life inPostoperative Patients with Oral Cancer

Purpose: Surgery has a negative effect on the mental, physical, and functional health of patients with oral cancer, which affects their quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to assess the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on anxiety and QOL in postoperative patients with oral cancer. Methods: We investigated the level of anxiety and QOL of 200 postoperative oral cancer patients. After the comprehensive nursing intervention, the Beck Anxiety Inventory scale and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer tools were used to assess the level of anxiety and QOL, respectively. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in terms of educational status (p=0.02), monthly income (p&lt;0.01), cancer stage (p&lt;0.01), and tumor metastasis (p=0.02). The experimental group experienced a significant decrease in anxiety (p=0.04), and their QOL was significantly higher (p=0.05) than that of the control group. Conclusion: Our study indicates that a comprehensive nursing intervention can lower the risk of surgical complications, enhance patients' psychological state by reducing anxiety, and enhance their QOL in patients with oral cancer.