Psychopathy Research Articles

Personality traits and physical activity in patients with gambling disorder attending a rehabilitation center. An observational study

ObjectiveProblem gambling is associated with various negative health behaviors, such as physical inactivity. However, physical activity may also be used as a coping mechanism to manage stress and anxiety. This study aimed to investigate whether personality traits are associated with physical activity levels in individuals attending a rehabilitation center for gambling disorder (GD).MethodsAn observational study was conducted in 71 patients belonging to a Gamblers’ Recovery Association. All of them completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Exploratory Personality Questionnaire-III (CEPER-III) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Comparisons with general population and association between personality traits and physical activity were analyzed.ResultsThe study sample predominantly consisted of male participants (91.5%), with the majority having an educational attainment of compulsory schooling or less (70.4%). Additionally, a substantial proportion of participants exhibited school-related problems (43.7%) and had a history of mental health issues (33.8%). Compared to the general population, individuals in the CEPER-III cohort demonstrated significantly lower scores in the following personality traits: paranoid (p < 0.05), histrionic (p < 0.001), narcissistic (p < 0.001), passive-aggressive (p < 0.05), and sadistic (p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the antisocial, borderline, obsessive-compulsive, and self-destructive personality traits were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with the level of physical activity.ConclusionThis study found a link between personality traits and physical activity levels in patients with GD. Gamblers with higher scores on obsessive-compulsive and self-destructive personality traits were more likely to fall into the moderate-high physical activity group. In contrast, those with higher scores on antisocial and borderline personality traits were more likely to be classified in the low physical activity group.

Personality traits vary in their association with brain activity across situations.

Human cognition supports complex behaviour across a range of situations, and traits (e.g. personality) influence how we react in these different contexts. Although viewing traits as situationally grounded is common in social sciences, often studies attempting to link brain activity to human traits examine brain-trait associations in a single task, or, under passive conditions like wakeful rest. These studies, often referred to as brain wide association studies (BWAS) have recently become the subject of controversy because results are often unreliable even with large sample sizes. Although there are important statistical reasons why BWAS yield inconsistent results, we hypothesised that the situation in which brain activity is measured will impact the power in detecting a reliable link to specific traits. We performed a state-space analysis where tasks from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) were organized into a low-dimensional space based on how they activated different large-scale neural systems. We examined how individuals' observed brain activity across these different contexts related to their personality. We found that for multiple personality traits, stronger associations with brain activity emerge in some tasks than others. These data highlight the importance of context-bound views for understanding how brain activity links to trait variation in human behaviour.

Development, Validation, and Faking-Resistance of an Implicit Measure of Psychopathy in the Workplace

ABSTRACT Researchers have called for faking-resistant measures of psychopathic personality that can be self-administered in high-stakes contexts (e.g. hiring). We developed and validated an implicit measure of psychopathy contextualized in workplace situations. We first detail how the measure is framed, conceptualized, and rooted in psychopathy literature. We then describe the item development process, and Study 1 involves expert review and refining the item list. In Study 2 (N = 396), we examine internal consistency and factor structure for a 22-item version of the measure. In Study 3 (N = 251), we demonstrate test-retest reliability, construct-related validity, and provide initial evidence for criterion-related validity through a two-wave study. Study 4 analyzes the measure using item response theory, based on a sample of 6,746 job seekers, demonstrating effectiveness for measuring high levels of psychopathy. In Study 5 (N = 219) we provide evidence of faking-resistance and criterion-related validity with behavioral (two weeks later) and self-report (one year later) outcomes. Finally, Study 6 provides promising evidence of incremental validity using an organizational sample (N = 615). Overall, scores on this new implicit measure are reliable, with acceptable construct-related, criterion-related, and incremental validity, while also being faking-resistant. Implications for use in workplace settings are discussed.

Identity disturbance in dimensional and categorical models of personality disorder: The incremental value of self-rated identity and narrative identity.

Identity disturbance is increasingly considered to drive personality disorder (PD) onset. Previous research has investigated how identity relates to PD using either self-report scales or narratives to assess identity. Few studies have investigated how both operationalizations relate to one another and to models of PD. More so, no study has investigated whether a narrative identity assessment offers additional explanatory power in understanding PD, beyond what is captured by a self-rated identity assessment, or vice versa. We aimed to address these gaps by administering a rating scale measuring (mal)adaptive identity alongside a prompt to write a narrative about a turning point event to 331 individuals aged 18-30 (72.2% female, Mage = 22.56). Using this multimethod approach, we investigated (a) associations of narrative identity dimensions (agency, communion, exploratory processing) with self-rated identity, self- and interpersonal dysfunction, and symptoms of borderline and antisocial PD, and (b) whether these narrative identity dimensions could explain unique variance in self- and interpersonal dysfunction, and borderline and antisocial PD symptoms, above and beyond self-rated identity, and vice versa. Results revealed significant associations among narrative identity, self-rated identity, and models of PD. Furthermore, communion demonstrated incremental value in explaining PD features, beyond what was accounted for by self-rated identity. However, narrative identity did not offer additional explanatory power in understanding self- and interpersonal dysfunction, beyond self-rated identity. Self-rated identity showed incremental value in explaining all PD models, beyond narrative identity. These results emphasize the importance of employing different methodologies for assessing identity in elucidating how identity disturbance manifests in personality pathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Exploring the Status and Experiences of School Nurses’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Method Study

PurposeThis study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of the response status and school nurses’ experience of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. MethodRecognizing the limitations of existing tools in capturing prolonged COVID-19 response, we divided the COVID-19 pandemic into different wave periods and adopted a mixed-methods design enrolling school nurses in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea to gain a comprehensive view. A quantitative survey was conducted among 153 school nurses nationwide and in-depth interviews were conducted with nine, using Van Kaam’s phenomenological analysis. ResultsIn 56.9% of the cases, multiple persons in charge of COVID-19 management were not designated, and there was no significant difference in response by school level. Excessive work, coping with civil complaints, unilateral work burden, difficulties communicating with related organizations, lack of concreteness in manuals, lack of cooperation among school members, and frequent changes in guidelines were continuous difficulties encountered during the pandemic. From the in-depth interviews, we extracted 189 meaningful statements, 22 subthemes, and 8 themes. The eight themes were divided into three categories: beginning of COVID-19 response, process of response to COVID-19, and lessons learned from the COVID-19 response experience. ConclusionA specific and systematic infectious disease response manual should be established, as well as an educational and training program to strengthen the capacity of educational personnel to cope with new infectious diseases.

Citation and bibliographic coupling between authors in the field of social network analysis

Abstract Purpose We analyzed the structure of a community of authors working in the field of social network analysis (SNA) based on citation indicators: direct citation and bibliographic coupling metrics. We observed patterns at the micro, meso, and macro levels of analysis. Design/methodology/approach We used bibliometric network analysis, including the “temporal quantities” approach proposed to study temporal networks. Using a two-mode network linking publications with authors and a one-mode network of citations between the works, we constructed and analyzed the networks of citation and bibliographic coupling among authors. We used an iterated saturation data collection approach. Findings At the macro-level, we observed the global structural features of citations between authors, showing that 80% of authors have not more than 15 citations from other works. At the meso-level, we extracted the groups of authors citing each other and similar to each other according to their citation patterns. We have seen a division of authors in SNA into groups of social scientists and physicists, as well as into other groups of authors from different disciplines. We found some examples of brokerage between different groups that maintained the common identity of the field. At the micro-level, we extracted authors with extremely high values of received citations, who can be considered as the most prominent authors in the field. We examined the temporal properties of the most popular authors. Research limitations The main challenge in this approach is the resolution of the author’s name (synonyms and homonyms). We faced the author disambiguation, or “multiple personalities” (Harzing, 2015) problem. To remain consistent and comparable with our previously published articles, we used the same SNA data collected up to 2018. The analysis and conclusions on the activity, productivity, and visibility of the authors are relative only to the field of SNA. Practical implications The proposed approach can be utilized for similar objectives and identifying key structures and characteristics in other disciplines. This may potentially inspire the application of network approaches in other research areas, creating more authors collaborating in the field of SNA. Originality/value We identified and applied an innovative approach and methods to study the structure of scientific communities, which allowed us to get the findings going beyond those obtained with other methods. We used a new approach to temporal network analysis, which is an important addition to the analysis as it provides detailed information on different measures for the authors and pairs of authors over time.

Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder Among U.S. Adults with Psychiatric Disorders: 2001-2002 and 2012-2013

Background Rates of cannabis use disorder (CUD) have increased disproportionately among Veterans Administration (VA) patients with psychiatric disorders compared to patients with no disorder. However, VA patient samples are not representative of all U.S. adults, so results on disproportionate increases in CUD prevalence could have been biased. To address this concern, we investigated whether disproportionate increases in the prevalence of cannabis outcomes among those with psychiatric disorders would replicate in nationally representative samples of U.S. adults. Methods Data came from two national surveys conducted in 2001-2002 (n = 43,093) and 2012-2013 (n = 36,309). Outcomes were any past-year non-medical cannabis use, frequent non-medical use (≥3 times weekly), and DSM-IV CUD. Psychiatric disorders included mood, anxiety and antisocial personality disorders. Logistic regression was used to generate predicted prevalences of the outcomes, prevalence differences calculated and additive interactions compared differences between those with and without psychiatric disorders. Results Cannabis outcomes increased more among those with psychiatric disorders. The difference in prevalence differences included any past-year non-medical cannabis use, 2.45% (95%CI = 1.29-3.62); frequent non-medical cannabis use, 1.58% (95%CI = 0.83-2.33); CUD, 1.40% (95%CI = 0.58-2.21). For most specific disorders, prevalences increased more among those with the disorder. Conclusions In the U.S. general population, rates of cannabis use and CUD increased more among adults with psychiatric disorders than other adults, similar to findings from VA patient samples. Results suggest that although VA patients are not representative of all U.S. adults, findings from this important patient group can be informative. Greater clinical and policy attention to CUD is warranted for adults with psychiatric disorders.

Antisocial personality traits as potential risk factors for cyberstalking: only aspects of psychopathy and narcissism matter

Cyberstalking is defined as the repeated pursuit of an individual using the Internet. The current study examined the relationship between Dark Triad constructs and cyberstalking among a large sample of adults (N = 1724) while addressing several limitations of previous research. Each construct was assessed using a validated measure; a newer measure of Machiavellianism was used to ensure that psychopathy and Machiavellianism could be distinguished; and separate models were run for each trait to avoid interpreting residuals from multivariate models. After controlling for age and sex, only the antisocial facet of psychopathy (early and repeated antisocial behaviour; odds ratio, OR = 2.74, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.73, 4.36]) and grandiose narcissism (inflated self-esteem and antagonism; OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.08, 1.50]) were significantly related to cyberstalking perpetration within the past 12 months. While psychopathy and narcissism may be important factors for understanding antisocial behaviour, Machiavellianism appears to have limited predictive and practical utility.

Two personalities of an alcoholic (alcoholic disease from the point of view of the doctrine of psychic realities)

The article examines the phenomenon of two personalities of an alcoholic. Research into alcoholism has shown that in alcoholic reality a person behaves differently than in ordinary life. He commits a number of acts that he usually avoids for various reasons; at the same time, the alcoholic experiences unusual sensations and states. If we look at these observations from the point of view of the teaching developed by the author about "psychic realities", then an assumption about a certain similarity between the reality of dreams and alcoholic reality suggests itself. Indeed, in both realities a person realizes desires that he usually cannot realize for a number of reasons (the so-called "blocked desires"); in both cases, a person's consciousness is weakened and altered; to realize blocked desires in both cases, the psyche builds in consciousness the events necessary for this, which the person experiences. In both cases, there is an unusual logic of "life" (in the first case, the logic of dreams, in the second, the logic of alcoholic experiences). Just as after dreams a person wakes up in another (ordinary) world, and often does not remember at all what he dreamed about, after intoxication a person also comes to his senses without any particular consequences. The features of alcoholic behavior considered here can be attributed to the phenomenon of multiple personality. A sober person is one personality, and a drunk person is another. Other features of the two personalities of an alcoholic are also considered.

Disability, poverty and health-service accessibility in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study in Colombia

ObjectivesIn Colombia, 4.3% of the population 5 years or older lives with a disability. They face higher levels of poverty and social exclusion compared with persons without disabilities. This article...

The offline roots of online hostility: Adult and childhood administrative records correlate with individual-level hostility on Twitter

Reducing hostility in social media interactions is a key public concern. Most extant research emphasizes how online contextual factors breed hostility. Here, we take a different perspective and focus on the offline roots of hostility, that is, offline experiences and stable individual-level dispositions. Using a unique dataset of Danish Twitter users (N [Formula: see text] 4,931), we merge data from administrative government registries with a behavioral measure of online hostility. We demonstrate that individuals with more aggressive dispositions (as proxied by having many more criminal verdicts) are more hostile in social media conversations. We also find evidence that features of childhood environments predict online hostility. Time spent in foster care is a strong correlate, while other indicators of childhood instability (e.g., the number of moves and divorced parents) are not. Furthermore, people from more resourceful childhood environments-those with better grades in primary school and higher parental socioeconomic status-are more hostile on average, as such people are more politically engaged. These results offer an important reminder that much online hostility is rooted in offline experiences and stable dispositions. They also provide anuanced view of the core group of online aggressors. While these individuals display general antisocial personality tendencies by having many more criminal verdicts, they also come from resourceful backgrounds more often than not.

Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku yang Memiliki Riwayat Gangguan Jiwa pada Perkara Pembunuhan di Kabupaten Kebumen

The problem faced is What is the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of the crime of murder if the perpetrator has a history of psychiatric disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm, and what factors are the cause of the murder case committed by the perpetrator who has a history of psychiatric disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm, as well as how the judge's legal considerations in imposing a crime on the perpetrator murder criminal who has a history of mental disorders in decision number 174/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kbm? offender with a history of mental disorders. This type of research is normative legal research with the approach method used is normative juridical (normative legal research method). The research findings based on psychiatric examination and observation by specialist doctors at RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang on the suspect Sumudi bin Sodali include laboratory results within normal limits and for psychological examinations, intelligence level (IQ) is 75-79 /borderline and anti-social personality disorder with paranoia. As for other diagnoses, namely: Axis I (aspect I): F60.2 Anti-social personality disorder, meaning that the patient has a behavioral disorder characterized by not caring about social norms, cheating or lying, often committing criminal acts, and no sense of guilt and regret.; Axis II (aspect II): Paranoid personality trait meaning that the patient is easily suspicious.; Axis III (aspect III): No diagnosis, meaning no physical illness is found; Axis IV (aspect IV): Problems related to law /criminal means that the patient often violates the law/criminal.; Axis V (aspect V): Global function assessment 70-61, meaning some difficulties in social and work functioning, but in general functioning well, having a significant relationship. The conclusion is that based on the expert's statement that for cases of law violations that have been committed by a patient named Mr. SUMUDI bin SODALI towards his own biological mother is part of a mental disorder, but not a severe mental disorder (psychotic) so that the patient can still direct his will consciously.

Seven Identities Co-existing, A Noteworthy Manifestation of Complex Childhood Trauma: A Case Report

Background Childhood trauma increases the risk for psychiatric disorders such as Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), Other Specified Dissociative Disorder (OSDD), Depersonalisation/Derealisation disorder (DDD), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Dissociative Type (D-PTSD), and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Children who experience prolonged stress, trauma, or abuse during developmental years of growth and change have a wide range of outcomes. Case Presentation We report a case of a 22-year-old female with a significant history of physical abuse and sexual assault who initially presented to the hospital for suicidal ideation with a stated plan. During the patient’s stay at the hospital, we encountered two of the six alternate identities of the patient. The patient revealed she experiences all 7 identities (her true self plus 6 alters) in parallel, recalls the events of each alter, and can intermittently switch between identities; all rare features of dissociative disorders. Conclusion Given our patient’s extensive history of trauma, previous psychiatric diagnoses, and current dissociative presentation, we conclude that a diagnosis of OSDD and defence mechanisms of dissociation and regression may be appropriate. The patient was discharged with clomipramine for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and mood, lurasidone for mood, mirtazapine for mood, insomnia, and appetite stimulation, clonidine for nightmares and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), fludrocortisone for POTS, gabapentin for Generalized Anxiety and fibromyalgia, and levothyroxine for hypothyroidism, and counselled to follow up with an outpatient therapist specialising in trauma. This case highlights the impact that childhood physical, sexual, and emotional trauma can have on one’s psychiatric presentation and the complexity of diagnosing dissociative presentations in an inpatient psychiatry setting.

Longitudinal trajectory classes and correlates of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire-triarchic psychopathy scales from adolescence to young adulthood.

The present study examined longitudinal trajectory classes and correlates of triarchic psychopathy domains (boldness, meanness, and disinhibition) from age 16 to 22, leveraging Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ)-based triarchic scales data gathered on a large community sample (ns ranging between 483 and 775 across waves) oversampled for parental substance use disorder (SUD). Growth mixture models were conducted to examine longitudinal trajectory classes for each domain, and their associations with environmental covariates (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage and parental SUD) and outcomes at age 22 (e.g., violent behavior, antisocial personality disorder, and an overall problem index capturing internalizing symptoms and social problems). For boldness, all participants fell in the same class showing relative stability over time. Comparable solutions were recovered for meanness and disinhibition (high-stable/increasing, mid-range decreasing, and low-decreasing). Links with external correlates supported well-known differences between boldness and both meanness and disinhibition and additionally revealed interesting differences between meanness and disinhibition, suggesting that environmental covariates better discriminated meanness trajectory classes. These results demonstrate considerable developmental heterogeneity in these traits across adolescence into young adulthood, which relates to outcomes associated with antisociality and general life struggles. Further, these findings support the adequacy of the MPQ as an operationalization tool for longitudinal investigations on psychopathy.

Are Personality Traits Predictors of Police Misconduct?

AbstractSeveral forms of police misconduct exist, including the inappropriate use of a weapon, sexual misconduct, and racially offensive behaviors, and deserve more attention in the literature. More recent literature suggests that there may be personality predictors of misconduct. Specifically, aggression, having unstable relationships, a lack of empathy, thrill-seeking behavior, and poor impulse control, may contribute to officer misconduct. The current study examined a group of 642 first-year police officers through a series of mostly logistic regression analyses to determine if antisocial or borderline personality traits predict inappropriate use of a weapon, sexual misconduct, and racially offensive behavior using scales from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2; the antisocial practices and the psychopathic deviance scales) and the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; the borderline and antisocial scales). Most of the hypotheses were not supported by the findings. Participants who had more antisocial traits, as assessed by MMPI-2, were less likely to be accused of racially offensive behavior. Officers who had more borderline characteristics, as assessed by the MMPI-2, were less likely to be accused of engagement in any misconduct, specifically sexual misconduct. However, participants who had more borderline traits, as assessed by the PAI, were more likely to engage in sexual misconduct, but less likely to engage in any misconduct overall. Demographic covariates also were found to be related to all three forms of misconduct.

Examining the Relationship Between the Dimensions of the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy and Externalizing Disorders in Male Adolescents

ABSTRACT The Triarchic model of psychopathy posits that psychopathy is a composite of phenotypic constructs related to boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. The present research aimed to examine the relationship between behavioral problems (e.g. externalizing disorders) and the dimensions of the Triarchic model of psychopathy (i.e. boldness, meanness, and disinhibition) in adolescents. Most research on psychopathy has focused on adults. In order to understand the origins and predictors of the emergence of psychopathy, there is a need for a study of predictors of the dimensions of psychopathy before adulthood, including adolescents. The study population consisted of 341 male high school students in MASKED FOR REVIEW, who were selected through convenience sampling. The participants completed the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) questionnaire and The Achenbach Self-Report Form for Behavioral Problems. The results were analyzed using stepwise regression analysis with SPSS version 23. Among the study variables, Disinhibition was most closely related to externalizing disorders. The stepwise regression analysis also showed a significant relationship between externalizing disorders and meanness. However, there was no significant relationship between boldness and externalizing disorders. The Psychopathy Measure holds promise for better assessment and understanding of the behavior problems potentially predictive of the dimensions of psychopathic personality in institutions and clinics.

Gender bias of antisocial and borderline personality disorders among psychiatrists.

Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) challenge mental health professionals with similar maladaptive behaviors. However, these two disorders differ regarding available evidence-based treatments. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has been criticized as being gender-biased diagnostic construct. The present study aimed to determine the gender bias of ASPD and BPD among Turkish psychiatrists. Three case vignettes were randomly presented as male or female to the psychiatrists online. The first case was a patient with schizophrenia case to confirm the participant's ability to diagnose. The second case was a patient with ASPD, and the third one was a patient with BPD. Two hundred fifty participants diagnosed the first case correctly (n = 250). The results with statistical significance demonstrated that a female case with ASPD was 5.1 times more likely to get misdiagnosed than a male case with ASPD (p˂0.0001). Categorical classification of personality disorders in DSM leads to gender bias in in the diagnosis of ASPD and BPD. The present study shows that female cases with ASPD are misdiagnosed as BPD which may result in treatment attempts without evidence.

Exploring the role of genetic factors in personality disorders among women with heroin dependence

Heroin dependence is a severe psychiatric issue that often coexists with mood disorders and personality disorders, which further compound the complexity and severity of the dependence. The utilization of genetic factors in predicting psychiatric disorders has made notable advancements. We enrolled female patients diagnosed with heroin dependence (n = 263) and assessed individuals with paranoid personality disorder, depressive personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and schizoid personality disorder based on the DSM-IV criteria. Our objective was to examine the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs174696, rs174699, rs4680, rs4818, rs737866, rs933271, rs12953076b, and rs44458044b) and their association with personality. We discovered a significant association of antisocial personality disorder with rs1544325, rs4680, and rs4818 (P < 0.05). Additionally, hallucinogen use was associated with rs3792738 (P < 0.05), rs10062367 (P < 0.05), and rs1875999 (P < 0.01). However, we did not observe a relationship between the SNPs and schizoid personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder, or depressive personality disorder. Heroin dependence is linked to specific personality disorders, particularly antisocial personality disorder. The influence of genetic factors could have a significant impact on the emergence of personality alterations linked to the consumption of heroin.

The influence of dark triad-specific personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) on parenting styles, and parental competence in raising and educating children

This study aims to determine the existence of an association between the Dark Triad personality traits, parental competence, and parental styles. The parentsʼ personality traits, particularly those of the Dark Triad, may serve as predictors of the child's level of development, educational path choices, academic outcomes, well-being, and overall development. It is of utmost importance to identify these traits to better understand the parents’ behaviour and the potential harm the parent's strategies may inflict on the child. The Dark Triad-specific personality traits can lead to authoritarian, selfish, lacking empathy, and even manipulative behaviors that can significantly and negatively impact a child's life. The research sample includes 609 respondents who fulfil the role of parent. The results revealed that parents' Machiavellian personality traits may be associated with an authoritarian or permissive parenting style, but not with a democratic parenting style. Also, the level of parental competence varies depending on the background of the parents and may be influenced by their psychopathic personality traits.

Sex-differential markers of psychiatric risk and treatment response based on premature aging of functional brain network dynamics and peripheral physiology

BackgroundAging is a multilevel process of gradual decline that predicts morbidity and mortality. Independent investigations have implicated senescence of brain and peripheral physiology in psychiatric risk, but it is unclear whether these effects stem from unique or shared mechanisms. MethodsTo address this question, we analyzed clinical, blood chemistry and resting state functional neuroimaging data in a healthy aging cohort (N= 427; age 36-100 years) and two disorder-specific samples encompassing patients with early psychosis (100 patients, 16-35 years) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (104 patients, 20-76 years). ResultsWe identified sex-dependent coupling between blood chemistry markers of metabolic senescence (i.e., homeostatic dysregulation), functional brain network aging, and psychiatric risk. In females, premature aging of frontoparietal and somatomotor networks was linked to greater homeostatic dysregulation. It also predicted the severity and treatment resistance of mood symptoms (depression/anxiety [all three samples], anhedonia [MDD]) and social withdrawal/behavioral inhibition (avoidant personality disorder [healthy aging]; negative symptoms [early psychosis]). In males, premature aging of the default mode, cingulo-opercular, and visual networks was linked to reduced homeostatic dysregulation and predicted severity and treatment resistance of symptoms relevant to hostility/aggression (antisocial personality disorder [healthy aging]; mania/positive symptoms [early psychosis]), impaired thought processes (early psychosis, MDD) and somatic problems (healthy aging, MDD). ConclusionsOur findings identify sexually dimorphic relationships between brain dynamics, peripheral physiology, and risk for psychiatric illness, suggesting that the specificity of putative risk biomarkers and precision therapeutics may be improved by considering sex and other relevant personal characteristics.