m6preQ0 reduces oxidative stress and alleviates glucose-induced lipid accumulation via insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway in C. elegans.

Pea protein isolate-quercetin covalent complexes: Structure, functionality, and molecular mechanisms underlying emulsion stability.

Metal oxide nanoparticles in infectious disease management: Antimicrobial mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives.

Hippocampal mtDNA depletion promotes nicotine addiction by suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis through oxidative stress.

The double-edged sword of Dioscorea bulbifera L.: Recent advances in its pharmacological benefits and hepatotoxicity, and the quest for detoxification strategies.

Polyploid cancer cells surviving cisplatin reallocate central carbon sources to fuel antioxidant metabolism for survival.

Nanoplastics seldom exist as isolated particles in the environment; they interact with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and metal ions, altering their aggregation and interfacial properties. Such aggregation is often overlooked in plant-toxicity assessments. Using polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) as a model, we studied how Ca2+ and molecular-weight-fractionated DOM regulate aggregation and Lactuca sativa responses. Ca2+ induced rapid homoaggregation via charge screening. High-molecular-weight DOM stabilized PSNP dispersions, while low-molecular-weight DOM promoted compact heteroaggregation. These distinct aggregation states caused statistically significant differences in phytotoxic outcomes in lettuce, with large aggregates (Dh ≈ 1300 nm) inducing elevated oxidative stress (O2- and H2O2 increased by up to 71.0%) and growth inhibition, whereas dispersed or small aggregates (Dh ≈ 160 nm) elicited only mild adaptive stress responses. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed aggregation-dependent molecular responses, with large aggregates triggering a defense-prioritized regulatory shift. Thus, environmental component-mediated aggregation governs plant toxicity and should be considered in practical risk assessments.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of multilayer encapsulation of single-bulb garlic extract using a chitosan/gum arabic/polydextrose (MESG) system as a natural antioxidant to inhibit oxidative damage in beef steak stored at refrigerator temperatures. The study was designed using a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor was the concentration of MESG (MESG-0%, MESG-4%, and MESG-8%), and the second factor was the observation day (day 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15). The marinated meat samples were stored at chiller temperature (6°C) for 15 days, and then the samples were observed for antioxidants activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values, free fatty acid (FFA), pH and, fatty acids profile. Physical analysis results indicated that the MESG displayed a complex, porous structure of MESG. The addition MESG had a positive effect on the TBARS value, free fatty acids (FFA), and pH. Compared to the control (MESG-0%), MESG-4% and MESG-8% presented significantly (P<0.05) lower free fatty acid (FFA) levels and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), while maintaining the stability of arachidonic acid (C 20:2, AA) and eicosadienoic acid (C 20:4 ω6, EDA) during a 15-day storage period. The results showed a potential protective effect of the encapsulation method against lipid oxidation during refrigerated storage. This encapsulation technique represents a strategic approach for preserving natural antioxidant quality, thereby extending shelf life and maintaining the quality of meat products, while providing a viable alternative to synthetic preservatives.

Decoding chemicals of emerging concern in personal hygiene products: Exposure implications for vulnerable populations.

Evaluation of clove, cassia, tea polyphenols, rosemary extract, lysozyme, and nisin in inhibiting fat oxidation and microbial growth in salted and dried Spanish mackerel fillet during storage and subsequent shelf-life model development

Obesity, a rising global health issue, has been linked to the exacerbation of asthma, increasing both the risk of onset and disease severity. High-fat diet (HFD) has been shown to influence immune responses and worsen asthma in murine models, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. In our study, we found that HFD significantly reduced the population of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the lungs and led to increased eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. HFD was linked to alterations in lipid metabolism, particularly through the activation of the lipogenic enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1) and inhibition of fatty acid oxidation. Additionally, treatment with Etomoxir, a CPT-1a inhibitor, diminished Treg proportions and Foxp3 expression. We also revealed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH, which regulates Treg function, was downregulated at the protein level under HFD conditions, despite unchanged mRNA levels. Overall, our research findings highlight the impact of high-fat diets on Treg function and immune regulation, providing insights for potential therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism in inflammatory diseases like asthma.

A rise in double-strand breaks sensitizes tumors to oxidative metabolism inhibitors.

From degradation to alleviation: Trichoderma facilitates plants resisting the PBAT stress through secreting a cutinase-like enzyme.

Insights into heavy metal immobilization by phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms: biochemical mechanisms, toxicity response, and emerging challenges.

Synergistic mechanisms of ultrasound and slightly acidic electrolyzed water in peanut germination revealed by multi-omics analysis.

Plant responses to UV-B radiation: physiology, transcription, epigenetics, and secondary metabolism.

Propyl gallate treatment protects against chilling injury in peach fruit during storage through the regulation of antioxidant metabolism

CMCS/PDA@Zein-Citral NPs films: Dual-responsive release, synergistic antibacterial activity, and activating strawberry antioxidant metabolism

Excellent catalytic oxidation inhibition and lubrication performance of carboxylic acid based ionic liquids as ester oil additives

Lake Van is the largest lake in Türkiye (3.775 km2) and the world's largest soda lake. Pearl mullet (Alburnus tarichi), also known as the Van fish, is endemic to Lake Van and is accepted as an endangered species. Pearl mullet migrate from Lake Van to the freshwater streams in spring for spawning. This study aimed to investigate the responses of the antioxidant, osmoregulation, and energy metabolism and also the histological changes in pearl mullets before and after spawning. Fish were sampled in the mouth of the River Karasu for the pre-spawning and the upper part of the river for post-spawning. The size of fish (5 male and 5 female) did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between samplings. Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, Mg-ATPase, and Ca-ATPase activities in post-spawning samples were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the osmoregulatory organs (gill or kidney). Likewise, activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver increased (p < 0.05) after spawning. Oppositely, Fe levels in the kidney were much higher (p < 0.05) in pre-spawning compared to post-spawning. However, acetylcholinesterase activity in the muscle and brain did not change significantly (p > 0.05) during the migration. Heat shock protein (HSP70 +) cells in tissues increased in fish after spawning. The cost of metabolic shift was reflected in the immediate energy reserves of the muscle and liver, as the levels declined significantly (p < 0.05) after spawning. Additionally, histological changes were observed in the gills and liver during spawning migration, but not in the digestive tract. This study presented comprehensive data on the biological adaptation mechanisms of pearl mullet during anadromous migration, emphasising its vulnerability.