Antioxidant Effects Of Ethanol Extract Research Articles

Comparison of the Antioxidant Effect of Robusta and Arabica Coffee Ethanol Extracts on Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Wounds

Impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus is caused by metabolic disorders due to hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia causes an auto-oxidation reaction of glucose, which synthesizes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Robusta and Arabica coffee contain chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and trigonelline, which can prevent oxidative stress. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant effect of the ethanol extract ointment of robusta coffee and arabica coffee on oxidative stress in diabetic wounds by measuring the decrease in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukocytes. This study used 24 experimental animals consisting of a positive control group, a negative control group, a group of rats with diabetic wounds who were given a 15% concentration of Robusta coffee ethanol extract ointment, and a group of rats with diabetic wounds who were given a 15% concentration of Arabica coffee ethanol extract ointment. After eight days of treatment, plasma MDA and leukocyte counts were examined. The results showed that plasma MDA levels and leukocytes did not differ between the diabetic wound groups that were given a 15% concentration of Robusta coffee extract ointment and a 15% concentration of Arabica coffee extract ointment. Robusta coffee and Arabica coffee ethanol extract ointments have the same effect on reducing plasma MDA levels and leukocytes. Keywords: arabica, diabetic wound, malondialdehyde, robusta

Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis from Meiganga (Cameroon) on Type 2 Diabetes in Rats

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. In Cameroon, the traditional treatment of this pathology is based on the use of Propolis. The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of the ethanoic extract of Meiganga propolis (Adamawa Region, Cameroon). To confirm the different properties of this extract, the glycaemia, lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters of different groups of animals were assessed in a type 2 diabetes model induced by the Hypercaloric Sucrose Diet combined with dexamethasone. Simultaneous administration of the ethanolic extract of Meiganga propolis (EEMP 300 mg/kg) and the hypercaloric sucrose diet to rats for 30 days prevented a significant increase in fasting blood glucose levels compared with animals in the diabetic control group, whose fasting blood glucose levels were 78.25 ± 2.29 and 156.5 ± 2.75 mg/dL respectively on day 30. In terms of lipid profile, the administration of propolis extract (300 mg/kg) prevented a significant increase in LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with animals in the diabetic control groups. The values were 27±2.71 mg/dL and 97.8±2.92 mg/dL for LDL-cholesterol. In terms of oxidative stress, simultaneous administration of propolis extract (300 mg/kg) and a high calorie diet to rats for 30 days prevented a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels compared with animals in the diabetic control group. Values for this superoxide dismutase in the liver were 81.72 U/g of organ for EEMP 300 mg/kg and 58.6 U/g of organ in the liver of diabetic rats. These results justify the use of ethanoic extract of Meiganga propolis in the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Cameroon.

Antioxidant Effect of Ethanol Extract of C. sativus on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Liver

The present study investigated the antioxidant effect of ethanol extract of Cucumis sativus on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat liver. Adult male Wistar albino rats (n = 25, mean weight = 215 ± 15 g) were randomly assigned to five groups of 5 rats each: normal control, diabetic control, metformin, 200 mg/kg body weight (bwt) extract and 300 mg/kg bwt extract groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats via intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg bwt STZ. The diabetic rats were then treated for 21 days with either metformin (50 mg/kg bwt) or the extract at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg bwt, respectively. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as antioxidant molecules like retinoic acid, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were evaluated in liver homogenate. The results showed that induction of diabetes mellitus with STZ significantly increased the fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations of the rats (p < 0.05). However, treatment of the diabetic rats with the extract markedly reduced the FBG concentration and body weights of rats (p < 0.05). Treatment of diabetic Wistar rats with ethanol extract of C. sativus significantly increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes and molecules as well as concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), but it markedly reduced the concentrations of hepatic total protein (TP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). These results suggest that ethanol extract of the medicinal plant can enhance antioxidant defense in the liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Antioxidant effect of ethanolic extract of Pleurotus Ostreatus on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and glutathione (GSH) level in lung rats exposed to cigarette smoke

Background: Cigarette smoke can trigger oxidative stress. An alternative to overcome the harmful effects of cigarette smoke is through antioxidants. White oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus Ostreatusostreatus or P. ostreatus) are a source of exogenous antioxidants because many contain active compounds for potential antioxidants such as phenol and flavonoid compounds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of ethanolic extract of Pleurotus P.ostreatus on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and glutathione (GSH), as well as to analyze their correlation in the lung of Wistar male rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: The study was a preclinical experiment conducted on 24 rats divided into four groups. The treatment was carried out for 42 days and antioxidant effects were assessed through levels of HNE and GSH in rat lungs. Groups were divided as follows: I- normal control, II- negative control, III and IV exposed to cigarette smoke for 60 minutes/day. Group III (treatment group) was treated with ethanolic extract of PleurotusP. ostreatus at 250 mg/kg BW rat/day, and group IV (comparison group) was treated with N-acetyl cysteine 600 mg /day. Data analysis used was one-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearmen rank correlation coefficient test. Results: The results showed that the group receiving ethanolic extract of PleurotusP. ostreatus had HNE levels of (44,18 ± 2,09 pg/mL) and GSH (0,04 ± 0,00 pg/mL) protein. This extract significantly increased GSH levels and inhibited the increase of HNE levels. Results of GSH (p≤0.01) showed significant results using one-way ANOVA. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of P. ostreatus can prevent lipid peroxidation and decrease endogenous antioxidant levels in lung cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Ethanolic extract of PleurotusP. ostreatus has good antioxidant potential.

Protective effect of Ceiba pentandra (L) Gaertn on CCl4-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in rats

BackgroundCeiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn, popularly known as the white silk-cotton tree and popularly used in Chinese and Indian traditional medicine. The bark is used to treat diarrhea, pain, fever, cardiac problems, asthma, and gastrointestinal problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of C. pentandra bark (EECP-BK) against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. MethodsPreliminary phytochemical analysis was performed to identify the bioactive compounds. CCl4 (40 mM) induced enzymatic changes at HepG2 cells were adopted for the in-vitro model. HepG2 cells were pretreated with EECP-BK (25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml) and standard (silymarin 12.5 µg/ml) respectively. Rat model of CCl4-induced liver damage for adopted for the in-vivo model. Rats were pretreated orally with EECP-BK 200 & 400 mg/kg and standard (silymarin 100 mg/kg) for 7 days. Rats were injected with 1 ml/kg of 50% CCl4 on day 8 to induce hepatic damage and were observed for antioxidant levels and serum biomarkers. In addition, in-silico studies have been performed to explore the binding properties of compounds from EECP-BK with tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) targeting hepatic inflammation ResultsThe phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of glycoside, steroids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. EECP-BK 200 µg/ml showed the highest protection against CCl4 in HepG2 cells. Similarly, silymarin 12.5 µg/ml showed good protection against CCl4. In rats, EECP-BK up to 2000 mg/kg did produce any toxic signs or mortality. CCl4 injection in rats showed elevated liver enzymatic and bilirubin levels and causes liver damage. It also decreased the SOD, CAT, and GSH levels. Pre-treatment with EECP-BK 400 mg/kg showed a significant reduction in SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and total bilirubin levels and increased SOD, CAT, and GSH levels. Similar results were observed with, silymarin treatment also. Furthermore, EECP-BK showed protection over hepatocyte necrosis induced by CCl4 in rats which is evident by histopathology. Molecular docking studies revealed that acacetin 7-rutinoside binds favorably with the active site of TACE with a binding affinity of -8.8 kJ/mol. ConclusionOur findings supported the antioxidative capability of EECP-BK by showing that it protected the liver from CCl4-induced hepatic damage. Additional research is needed to determine its safety profile and to find its molecular mechanism for therapeutic application.

Effects of Rourea coccinea ethanolic root extract on ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in rats

Rourea coccinea (syn. Byrsocarpus coccineus) Schum. and Thonn. (Connaraceae) is a medicinal plant that is being used for the treatment of various disorders in Tropical Africa. Previously, we reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extract of R. coccinea root bark (EERc). The present study aimed to test protective potential effects of EERc treatments against ovalbumin-induced airway lung inflammatory and to investigate some of its possible underlying mechanism on allergic asthma. Rats were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and were orally treated daily with EERc at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg from day 24 to day 27 post sensitization. The number of total and differential inflammatory cells, leakage of Evans blue dye tracer, histamine and TNF-α level in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were measured. OVA instillation induced airway lung inflammation, which was significantly suppressed by pre-treatment with EERc. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) revealed that EERc pre-treatment significantly inhibited leukocytosis and reduced Evans blue dye content in the BAL fluid. EERc also significantly decreased the production and release of histamine and TNF-α. Our study shows that EERc possesses significant anti-allergic activity which might be attributed to reduction of histamine, TNF-α in the BAL fluid.

Propolis antibacterial and antioxidant synergisms with gentamicin and honey.

Assess the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of ethanol extracts of Portuguese propolis samples when combined with gentamicin, a widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic, or with honey, collected from the same apiary as propolis. Using the agar dilution method and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, antimicrobial and antioxidant synergistic effects between propolis and gentamicin or honey were assessed. Synergism between propolis and gentamicin was observed for all the tested extracts and against all the indicator bacteria, with particular interest against the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a threefold decrease of the gentamicin MIC if mixed with 25µgml-1 propolis. Likely to propolis and gentamicin, mixtures of sub-MIC concentrations of propolis and honey enhanced the antibacterial action of each individual natural product against the majority of the strains. However, propolis antioxidant capacity decreased along with higher honey content in the mixture. Propolis has a strong synergistic effect when combined with gentamicin, allowing the reduction of the therapeutic dose of this drug. Propolis and honey mixtures also display a stronger antibacterial effect than the activity exhibited by each sample when tested individually, whereas the high antioxidant capacity of propolis seems to be not affected when in combination with honey. When mixed with honey, propolis antioxidant potential is maintained, or just slightly reduced up to 1:1 dilution, and show synergistic antibacterial effects, allowing to optimize the use of this usually scarce natural resource. Also, considering the antibiotic resistance problem, natural beehive products, alone or in the mixture, are promising alternatives to retard the outbreak of microbial resistance.

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L. (CORIANDER) ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT ON ISONIAZID INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN ALBINO MICE

Objective: To study the antioxidant effects of ethanolic extract of coriander leaves on INH induced hepatotoxicity.
 Methods: Total 27 male albino mice were randomly divided through balloting into three groups containing nine animals each. Group A served as control while INH toxicity was produced by oral administration (INH 100mg/kg) to group B. Hepatoprotectivity was investigated by co-administration of single oral dose of ethanolic extract of coriander leaves (200mg/kg) along with INH in groups C for 30 days.
 Results: On gross examination, liver of group C animals were found to be normal. Biochemical analysis of liver markers of group B showed that these enzymes were markedly raised while experimental group C showed significant decreased level of liver enzymes. Histological examination of group C revealed normal histology with little evidence of inflammation, vascular congestion, necrosis, pyknosis, apoptosis and vacuolar degeneration as compared to group B. 
 Conclusion: This study showed the ameliorating effect of ethanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L. against INH induced hepatotoxicity.

Antioxidant Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Piper guineense (Uziza) Leaves on Lead-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Wistar Rats

Piper guineense (uziza) leaves may have therapeutic input on male infertility caused by Lead exposure. This study investigated the antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of Piper guineense leaves (EEPL) on lead-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Twenty male wistar rats (150-200g) were divided into 4 groups consisting of 5 rats each. Control received 1ml of distilled water, lead only received 150mg/kg of lead, low dose received 150mg/kg of lead + 300mg/kg of EEPL, high dose received 150mg/kg of lead + 600mg/kg of EEPL. Administration was done orally for 14 days and then sacrificed. Blood was collected and analysed for serum testosterone and testes were harvested and homogenised for testicular antioxidant enzymes and zinc levels. Data was analysed for ANOVA using Graph Pad Prism 5. Lead exposure negatively affected the antioxidant enzymes, testosterone and zinc levels. Administration of EEPL significantly (p<0.05) increased the testosterone and zinc levels in a dose dependent manner. EEPL also significantly (p<0.05) increased the testicular Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione peroxidase levels and significantly decreased the testicular Malondialdehyde levels. Piper guineense leaves ameliorate testicular oxidative stress damage induced by lead toxicity.

Comparative determination of total antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves

Abstract. Yakubu OE, Abu MS, Akighir J, Onuche JI, Arabi A. 2021. Comparative determination of total antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 19: 81-85. Some medicinal and therapeutic potency have been reported of Phyllanthus in traditional settings. Hence, the current study evaluated the total antioxidant potential, phenolics, and flavonoids of fractions of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus leave obtained using column chromatography. Extraction was done using absolute ethanol; elution was performed using different organic solvents of varying polarities, from n-Hexane, Chloroform, Ethylacetate, Ethanol, Methanol, and finally, water. The results obtained from the study revealed that fraction 10b (83 mg/mL) has the highest concentration of total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), the next being 1a, 5a, and 11b (48mg/mL). The reduction in the TAC of the fractions was in the order; of 3b>7a>6a>5b>4a> with F7b (13mg/mL) having the lowest TAC. The result for Total phenolic Content (TPC) shows that fraction 10b (430 mg/mL) has the highest concentration of TPC, just like in antioxidant activity, followed by F4b (428 mg/mL). Fraction 2a (9 mg/mL) has the lowest concentration of TPC. Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) showed that fraction 3b (201 mg/mL) has the most concentration of total flavonoids, followed by 4b (120mg/mL). Meanwhile, fractions 1a, 2b, and 9a have the same TFC. While fraction 2a showed the lowest flavonoid concentration (25mg/mL). The plant extract fractions were found to contain more both phenolics and flavonoids, which may have contributed to the antioxidant activity observed.

Antioxidant effect of ethanolic extract of Pleurotus Ostreatus on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and glutathione (GSH) level in lung rats exposed to cigarette smoke

Background: Cigarette smoke can trigger oxidative stress. An alternative to overcome the harmful effects of cigarette smoke is through antioxidants. White oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus Ostreatus) are a source of exogenous antioxidants because many contain active compounds for potential antioxidants such as phenol and flavonoid compounds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and glutathione (GSH), as well as to analyze their correlation in the lung of Wistar male rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: The study was a preclinical experiment conducted on 24 rats divided into four groups. The treatment was carried out for 42 days and antioxidant effects were assessed through levels of HNE and GSH in rat lungs. Groups were divided as follows: I- normal control, II- negative control, III and IV exposed to cigarette smoke for 60 minutes/day. Group III (treatment group) was treated with ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus at 250 mg/kg BW rat/day, and group IV (comparison group) was treated with N-acetyl cysteine 600 mg /day. Data analysis used was one-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearmen rank correlation coefficient test. Results: The results showed that the group receiving ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus had HNE levels of (44,18 ± 2,09 pg/mL) and GSH (0,04 ± 0,00 pg/mL) protein. This extract significantly increased GSH levels and inhibited the increase of HNE levels. Results of GSH (p≤0.01) showed significant results using one-way ANOVA. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of P. ostreatus can prevent lipid peroxidation and decrease endogenous antioxidant levels in lung cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus has good antioxidant potential.

Nephroprotective and antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of Coprinus comatus mushroom fruit-bodies on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence. An increase in free radicals and AGEs can cause glomerular cell damage which can lead to inflammation and DM nephropathy. WHO has recommended DM treatment by using herbal medicines that have minimal side effects and have a lot of biological activity to prevent complications. Coprinus comatus (O.F. Mull.) is known as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic agent. The research used C. comatus cultivated in Cianjur. The basidiome of this mushroom has slightly oval and small with height of 8-12 cm and thickness of 2-3 cm. The research included six groups of male Wistar rats: Group 1 received no treatment, Groups 2–6 were administered 45 mg/kg BW streptozotocin once, Group 3 was administered 45 mg/kg BW metformin, Groups 4, 5, and 6 were administered 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg BW of C. comatus fruit body ethanol extract respectively for 14 days. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), hepcidin and β2 microglobulin (B2M) levels were evaluated. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple-range tests. The results showed that dose of 500 mg was effective in increasing SOD and decreasing hepcidin, B2M and MDA levels.

Antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of Scorzonera cinerea radical leaves in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

Scorzonera species are used for treating various diseases. They are consumed raw, especially in the spring, and have nutritious and dietetic values. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of Scorzonera cinerea (Sc) radical leaves in diabetes mellitus. Five random groups of Wistar rats (n = 8) were created - control, diabetic, acarbose, Sc-Dried, and Sc-Frozen. Phenolic profiles of extracts were determined by HPLC. Free radical scavenging capacity was measured using DPPH and ABTS tests. The inhibitory effects of Sc extracts on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities were also evaluated. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. While dried Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-amylase inhibitory activity, frozen Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen extracts lowered blood glucose and HbA1c levels, they also increased insulin. Although liver MDA and TOS were significantly increased in the diabetic group, their values were significantly lower in the Sc-Dried- and Sc-Frozen-treated groups. GSH, TAS, and anti-oxidant enzyme activities decreased in the diabetic group, but Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen supplements significantly enhanced liver antioxidant values. In conclusion, S. cinerea treatment exerts potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetes. Thus, it can be considered as a candidate dietary supplement for health benefits in diabetes.

Optimization of the Antioxidant Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus L.) by Response Surface Method and Comparison of the Antioxidant Effect of Extract and Essential Oil on Oxidative Soybean Oil Resistance

Optimization of the Antioxidant Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus L.) by Response Surface Method and Comparison of the Antioxidant Effect of Extract and Essential Oil on Oxidative Soybean Oil Resistance

The botanical origin and antioxidant, anti-BACE1 and antiproliferative properties of bee pollen from different regions of South Korea

BackgroundBee pollen (BP) has been used as a traditional medicine and food diet additive due to its nutritional and biological properties. The potential biological properties of bee pollen vary greatly with the botanical and geographical origin of the pollen grains. This study was conducted to characterize the botanical origin and assess the antioxidant effects of ethanol extracts of 18 different bee pollen (EBP) samples from 16 locations in South Korea and their inhibitory activities on human β-amyloid precursor cleavage enzyme (BACE1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), human intestinal bacteria, and 5 cancer cell lines.MethodsThe botanical origin and classification of each BP sample was evaluated using palynological analysis by observing microscope slides. We measured the biological properties, including antioxidant capacity, inhibitory activities against human BACE1, and AChE, and antiproliferative activities toward five cancer cell lines, of the 18 EBPs. In addition, the growth inhibitory activities on four harmful intestinal bacteria, six lactic acid-producing bacteria, two nonpathogenic bacteria, and an acidulating bacterium were also assessed.ResultsFour samples (BP3, BP4, BP13 and BP15) were found to be monofloral and presented four dominant pollen types: Quercus palustris, Actinidia arguta, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Amygdalus persica. One sample (BP12) was found to be bifloral, and the remaining samples were considered to be heterofloral. Sixteen samples showed potent antioxidant activities with EC50 from 292.0 to 673.9 μg mL− 1. Fourteen samples presented potent inhibitory activity against human BACE1 with EC50 from 236.0 to 881.1 μg mL− 1. All samples showed antiproliferative activity toward the cancer cell lines PC-3, MCF-7, A549, NCI-H727 and AGS with IC50 from 2.7 to 14.4 mg mL− 1, 0.9 to 12.7 mg mL− 1, 5.0 to > 25 mg mL− 1, 2.7 to 17.7 mg mL− 1, and 2.4 to 8.7 mg mL− 1, respectively. In addition, total phenol and flavonoid contents had no direct correlation with antioxidant, anti-human BACE1, or antiproliferative activities.ConclusionFundamentally, Korean bee pollen-derived preparations could be considered a nutritional addition to food to prevent various diseases related to free radicals, neurodegenerative problems, and cancers. The botanical and geographical origins of pollen grains could help to establish quality control standards for bee pollen consumption and industrial production.

ANTIDIABETIC AND ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL FROM ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF LEAF AND FRUIT OF TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA AND LEAF OF CLITORIA TERNATEA ON DIABETIC RATS INDUCED BY STREPTOZOTOCIN

Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic and enzymatic antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of leaf and fruit of Trichosanthes dioica and leaf of Clitoria ternatea in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Male adult albino rats of Wistar strain equally divided into 11 groups of six rats each were assigned into non-diabetic and diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced in experimental animals by single dose intraperitoneal administration of STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. Group I and II which served as non-diabetic and diabetic controls, respectively, received placebo treatment. The diabetic test Groups III to X were treated with either individual and combined ethanolic extracts of plant materials T. dioica and C. ternatea (200 and 400 mg/kg bw) and Group XI was treated with glibenclamide (600 μg/kg bw) for 28 days consecutively. After completion of experimental duration, the animals were sacrificed and collected serum, liver, and kidney were used for the evaluating therapeutic effects on the STZ-induced diabetic rats.Results: The ethanolic extracts of T. dioica (leaf and fruit) and C. ternatea (leaf) and glibenclamide significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and significantly increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidant markers superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in serum, liver, and kidney of diabetic rats.Conclusions: From the present study, it can be concluded that the combined extract of T. dioica fruit and C. ternatea leaf was found to be more effective in treating diabetes and increased activities of enzymatic antioxidants in diabetic-treated rats substantiate that the investigated drugs do extend a clear protective action against LPO in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

UMBI UBI JALAR UNGU BALI (Ipomoea batatas) DI TRANSAMINASE SERUM, MALONDIALDEHIDE HEPAR DAN ALKOHOL KRONIS

Oxidative stress as a consequence of chronic alcoholic intake causes lesions of liver tissue. The objective of this study was to identifythe antioxidant effect of ethanol extract derived from Balinese purple sweet potato on the liver tissue in mice after chronic consumptionof alcohol. Subjects of this study were 32 adults male Swiss mice (12–14 weeks) divided into 4 groups with control group post-testonly design. Post-treatment of blood and liver samples were collected from each group of 8 mice. The MDA liver was quantified withthiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method. Samples were collected from control group of 8 mice without sweet potatoextract and alcohol, 8 mice with 1 mg extract of Balinese purple sweet potato, 8 mice with 0.8 gram alcohol, and 8 mice with combineof alcohol and extract of Balinese purple sweet potato, each treatment was carried out every day for 4 weeks. The results showed asignificant increase of serum SGOT, SGPT and liver MDA level, after chronic consumption of alcohol (p = 0.00). The decrease of serumSGOT, SGPT and liver level MDA was significant in the group with extract of Balinese purple sweet potato (p = 0.00). The researchersconcluded that the extract of Balinese purple sweet potato had an antioxidant effect in mice which consumed alcohol chronically. Basedon this study it is concluded that extract of Balinese purple sweet potato has a protective effect on the liver cell in mice which consumedalcohol chronically.

Antioxidant Effects of Ethanol Extracts from Plants on Peroxide Content in Semi-Dried Eels

Antioxidant Effects of Ethanol Extracts from Plants on Peroxide Content in Semi-Dried Eels

Antioxidant effect of ethanol extract from Poria cocos depending on cultivation methods

Antioxidant effect of ethanol extract from Poria cocos depending on cultivation methods

재배방법을 달리한 복령 에탄올추출물의 항산화 효과

Objectives : Poria cocos Wolf has been widely used in Korean medicine as a medicinal fungus. In this study, we investigated that comparative anti-oxidant effects of ethanol extract from wild Poria cocos (WP) and plastic bag-cultivated Poria cocos (PBP).Methods : Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in WP and PBP extract were monitored. And DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl (·OH) free radical scavenging capacity, reducing power and xanthine oxidase inhibition activities of them were determined at 5, 1, 0.5 mg/ml concentrations.Results : Higher total polyphenol contents were found in the PBP extract (52.07±0.6 mg/TAEg) than in the WP extract (28.44±0.26 mg/TAEg). The flavonoid contents in WP and PBP extract were 17.29±0.30 mg/ RUEg, 21.36±0.40 mg/ RUEg, respectively. Also, DPPH, ABTS and ·OH free radical scavenging capacity of PBP extract in treated concentrations (5, 1, 0.5 mg/ml) significantly increased compared to those of WP-treated group. In particular, DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power of PBP extract at 5 mg/ml concentration were similar to positive control (BHA or vit. C). Xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition rate in both extract increased dose dependently. But it was significantly increased in PBP-treated group, only at 5 mg/ml, compared to those of WP-treated group. Then, their inhibition rate by PBP was similar to positive control (BHA).Conclusions : These results suggest that PBP extract is superior to WP extract in anti-oxidant capacity thus PBP can be applied in variable antioxidative products as a substitute for WP.