Antioxidant Activity Of Root Extracts Research Articles

Influence of multilayers Bernal and Rhombohedral graphene obtained by green chemistry on the acceleration in the germination process of tomato seeds

The environmental ramifications stemming from the application of graphene-based materials have sparked significant interest in recent years. This study delved into assessing the influence of multilayer graphene, specifically focusing on the Bernal (2H) and Rhombohedral (3R) phases, on the germination process of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds. Multilayers Bernal-Rhombohedral Graphene (MBRG) were synthesized employing green chemistry principles, utilizing the ultrasonication technique operating at 40 kHz within a deionized water solution. Systematic characterization of the phases was conducted via X-ray diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, TEM, and conductivity measurements. Subsequent administration of MBRG at concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 mgL−1 on tomato seeds revealed an expedited germination process, achieving completion within 3 days. Noteworthy enhancements were observed, including a 12 % absolute increase in germination, a 3 % rise in relative root growth, and a 9 % elevation in the germination index compared to the control. Moreover, a discernible augmentation in root length was evident with escalating concentrations of MBRG, peaking at 50 mgL−1, albeit exhibiting a slight decrement at 500 mgL−1. Additionally, the antioxidant activities of root extracts were assessed across various MBRG concentrations, demonstrating no significant alterations. The outcomes posit that MBRG compositions, comprising 60.44 % (2H) and 39.55 % (3R) phases at specific concentrations, hold promise as a viable additive for expediting early seed germination, thereby presenting a potential sustainable solution in agricultural contexts.

Phytochemical profile, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of root extracts of Gnidia glauca (Thymelaeaceae)

Phytochemical profile, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of root extracts of Gnidia glauca (Thymelaeaceae)

Antioxidant and Antibacterial potential of Methanol root Extract of Kigelia africana (Sausage tree)

Kigelia africana popularly known as the cucumber or sausage tree that possesses medicinal and traditional uses like anticancer, antiulcer, anti-aging, antioxidant, and anti-malarial activity.This study aimed to investigate GCMS, FTIR, Antioxidant and Antibacterial properties of methanolic root extract of Kigeliaafricana.The antioxidant activity of root extracts of Kigelia was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay, Reducing power (PR) assay, Ferric Reducing Power assay and Nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging assay. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard antioxidant. GCMS analysis reveals the presence of 9-Octadecanoic acid (z)-methyl ester while theFTIR spectral analysis identify some functional group such as hydroxyl group, Carboxyl group, methyl group, carbonyl group, amino group, and phosphate group. In vitro antibacterialactivityof the extracts wastestedagainst4bacterialstrains viz; Staphylococccus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella spp.The highest antibacterial activity was found against Staphylococcus aureus then followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli. The extract showed much higher scavenging activity against DPPH and with most reducing power against ferric cyanide. This study reveals the potency of the root of K. africana to be used as a good natural source for antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ СОЗДАНИЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ С АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЙ АКТИВНОСТЬЮ ИЗ РАСТЕНИЙ КАСПИЙСКОГО РЕГИОНА

The antioxidant activity of root extracts and seeds of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. was studied using a physi-cochemical method using a spectrophotometer; preparation “licorice extract “Glycirfite”, containing a group of flavonoid compounds, saponins, terpenoids, resins; Sophora japonica L. fruit extract con-taining 8 flavonoids, rutin, kaempferol-3-sophoroside, quercetin-3-rutinoside and genistein-4-sophorabioside, Juglans regia L. pericarp extract containing phenolic acids, ascorbic acid flavonoids (up to 3%) , tannins. Antioxidant activity was assessed using a method based on the DPPH inhibition reaction. The control drugs were a 5% aqueous-salt solution of ascorbic acid (50 mg/ml) and a 10% solution of α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) in oil. The greatest antioxidant activity was demonstrated by extracts of the fruits of Glycyrrhiza glabra, the fruits of Sophora japonica and the drug “GLYCIRFITE”, which, in our opinion, contained the largest amount of antioxidant components. A high degree of inhibition of free radical processes was demonstrated by an aqueous extract of licorice root and an extract of the pericarp Juglans regia. Studies have shown low AOA of ascorbic acid and vitamin E drug solutions in this experiment.

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Root Extract of Morinda officinalis from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Root Extract of Morinda officinalis from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam

In vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Activity of Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) Root Extracts

The aim of this study is to explore the antibacterial, antioxidant, and DNA damage protection potentials of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L) root extracts. Antioxidant activity of root extracts was researched by using DPPH˙ free radical scavenging and reducing capacity analysis. Methanolic extract of blackberry root system showed the maximum activity for TPC, TFC, DPPH˙, and ferric reducing capacity. Antibacterial activity of blackberry root extracts was screened against clinic isolates (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus aureus) by the Kirby Bauer method. Although the metanolic extract possessed a significant antibacterial activity at 100 mg/mL concentration, distilled water extract did not show any inhibition to clinic isolates. The protective effects of root extracts on pBR322 plasmid DNA against the mutagenic effect of UV photolysis of H2O2 were tested. All concentrations of methanolic and distilled water extracts were observed to protect DNA damage in the presence of H2O2 and UV. These results indicated that the presence of antioxidant substances of root system extract of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L) can be effective against harmful effects of free radicals

STUDY OF IN VITRO ANTI-OXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY BY MUSSAENDA MACROPHYLLA ROOT EXTRACTS

Objective: The systematic study of effective alternative anti-diabetic drugs has great importance to manage diabetes as well as other oxidative stress-related diseases. According to previous research, root and bark of Mussaenda macrophylla plant has anti-microbial, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activity. Ethnomedicinal data shows that Mussaenda macrophylla is used to treat diabetes as well as oxidative stress. The objective of this research is to investigate in vitro anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity of root extract of Mussaenda macrophylla.
 Methods: DPPH free radical scavenging assay was used to detect anti-oxidant potency of ethanol and methanol root extract of the plant and expressed as % of radicle inhibition. Anti-diabetic activity was determined by the glucose diffusion method using a glucose oxidase kit and results were expressed as mean±SD.
 Results: The ethanol root extract at the concentration of 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml showed better glucose diffusion inhibition than that of methanol extract at the same concentration on increasing time interval. Ethanol extract at the concentration 100 µg/ml displayed better DPPH scavenging activity (89.83±0.19 %) than that of methanol extract (86.61±0.75%).
 Conclusion: This study concluded that ethanol and methanol root extract of Mussenda macrophylla have potent anti-diabetic as well as anti-oxidant activity but further advance research is necessary in the animal model.

Quantification of Phenolic Compounds by HPLC-DAD and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Root Extract of Echinops kebericho Mesfin (Asteraceae)

Echinops kebericho Mesfin is wild endemic medicinal herb to Ethiopia and the root is used traditionally for the treatment infectious and non-infectious diseases. This study was designed to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity of the root extracts. Seven phenolic acids, six flavanols, and two aliphatic organic acids were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), among which hydroxycinnamic acid (413.14 ± 6.60 µg/g), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (7.07 ± 0.34 µg/g) and succinnic acid (702.95 ± 42.54 µg/g) were the major components. The methanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolics (29.14 ± 0.38 milligram gallic acid equivalent gram of dried extract), total flavonoid content (1.08 ± 0.03 milligram of quercitin equivalent/gram of dried extract), and antioxidant activities followed by ethanol and water extracts. Antioxidant capacity were 99.96 ± 7.53µg/mL and 246.88 ± 15.60µg/mL as determined by the DPPH (IC 50 ), ferric reducing power (IC 50 ) assays, respectively. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were strongly correlated with DPPH (R 2 = 0.93, R 2 = 0.91) and ferric reducing power (R 2 = 0.98, R 2 = 0.71), respectively. The study revealed that crude root extract of E. kebericho can be used as natural antioxidants as well as for preventing oxidative stress mediated human disorders. Keywords: Antioxidant activity; DPPH; ferric reducing; Herb; Echinops kebericho; phenols DOI : 10.7176/CPER/62-02 Publication date: January 31 st 2020

Wound healing features of Prosopis farcta: in vitro evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant, proliferative and angiogenic properties

Prosopis farcta (P. farcta) is a medical plant which is widespread in the Middle East and has several beneficial anti-tumor, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiparasitic and antimicrobial activities as demonstrated in animal studies. In the current study, we evaluated antibacterial, antioxidant, proliferative and angiogenic properties of P. farcta extract using human cell lines to verify its beneficial effects on wound healing in an in vitro human study. We prepared extracts from different parts of the plant including seed, root and fruit. High-performance thin layer chromatography showed highest antioxidant activity for root extract then for fruit extract. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Test showed that 1250 μg/mL concentration of root and fruit extracts is able to inhibit growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) species. The antioxidant activities of root extract of P. farcta were increased in a concentration-dependent fashion and were comparable to ascorbic acid. MTT assay showed that exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cells to the concentrations up to 200 μg/mL did not impose evident toxicity. In vitro wound healing assay in NHDF cells demonstrated wound closure after treatment with two concentrations of root extract. However, the effects were comparable with DMSO. Both plant extract and DMSO up-regulated expression of VEGF-A and FLT1 in HUVEC cells. Based on the evident antimicrobial antioxidant effects of P. farcta, this plant might be regarded as a herbal medicine for wound healing. However, further studies are required to verify these results.

Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Phalaenopsis Orchid Hybrids.

Phalaenopsis spp. is the most commercially and economically important orchid, but their plant parts are often left unused, which has caused environmental problems. To date, reports on phytochemical analyses were most available on endangered and medicinal orchids. The present study was conducted to determine the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts prepared from leaves and roots of six commercial hybrid Phalaenopsis spp. Leaf extracts of “Chian Xen Queen” contained the highest total phenolics with a value of 11.52 ± 0.43 mg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight and the highest total flavonoids (4.98 ± 0.27 mg rutin equivalent per g dry weight). The antioxidant activity of root extracts evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay and β-carotene bleaching method was higher than those of the leaf extracts. Eleven phenolic compounds were identified, namely, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, p-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and ellagic acid. Ferulic, p-coumaric and sinapic acids were concentrated largely in the roots. The results suggested that the root extracts from hybrid Phalaenopsis spp. could be a potential source of natural antioxidants. This study also helps to reduce the amount of this orchid waste in industrial production, as its roots can be exploited for pharmaceutical purposes.

Antioxidant and Nephroprotective Activities of Aconitum heterophyllum Root in Glycerol Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats.

The present study was to evaluate the antioxidant and nephroprotective activities of ethanolic extract of Aconitum heterophyllum root (EEAHR) in glycerol induced acute renal failure (ARF) in Wistar albino rats. In vitro antioxidant activity of EEAHR was assessed using the 2, 2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH assay), nitric oxide radical scavenging (NO assay), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 assay) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) scavenging activity assays. In vivo study, rats were divided into four groups of six each for assessing the nephroprotective activity. Group-1 received normal saline, group-2 received 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg) alone, group-3 received glycerol and 250 mg/kg of EEAHR and group-4 received glycerol and 500 mg/kg of EEAHR. The renal injury and recovery was measured by serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total proteins, albumin, urine output and histopathological changes. In vitro antioxidant activity of root extract was found to be equal to Vitamin C and in an in vivo study root extract treated animals showed significant attenuation of biochemical parameters and histopathological changes of the kidney compared to glycerol treated group and it was found to be more significant with the extract at 500 mg/kg than 250mg/kg. The present study revealed that Aconitum heterophyllum root has shown antioxidant and nephroprotective activities.

Vernonia kotschyana roots: therapeutic potential via antioxidant activity.

The roots of Vernonia kotschyana Sch. Bip. ex Walp. (Asteraceae) are used in Malian traditional medicine in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers and gastritis. Since oxidative stress is involved in gastric ulceration, the aim of this study was to screen the root extracts for their in vitro antioxidant activity and phenolic content. The roots were extracted successively with chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water. The antioxidant activity of root extracts was evaluated in both cell-free and cell-based assays. Their chemical characterization was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) whereas the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The ethyl acetate extract displayed the highest phenolic content and was found to be the most active in the free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays; it also showed a high antioxidant activity in MCF-12F cells. This study suggests a potential use of the ethyl acetate extract of Vernonia kotschyana not only as an antioxidant agent in gastroduodenal ulcers and gastritis, but also in other disorders characterized by high levels of oxidative stress.

Study on the antioxidant activities of root extracts of Zizyphus lotus from the western region of Algeria

Objective: To find a new natural source of antioxidant, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of some secondary metabolites extracted from roots of Ziziphus lotus were evaluated. Methods: The total polyphenol contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Pyrrocatechol, catechin and cyanidin equivalents were used for these parameters. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by several in vitro systems of assays, namely DPPH radical scavenging activity method, b-Carotene Bleaching assay (BCB), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRAP) and Total Antioxidant capacity test (TAC). Results: The quantitative estimation showed that the roots of Z. lotus were rich in polyphenols (20.09 mg PE/g DW) and proanthocyannidins (1.56%) and they contained a small amount of flavonoids (0.02 mg CE/g DW). The most fractions exhibited high antioxidant activities, and some even showed higher potency than the standard synthetic antioxidants in some instances. In DPPH assay, all extracts had shown significant inhibition (58.535 – 94.730% at 1 mg/mL). In addition, the IC 50 values ranged from 0.211 to 0.816 mg/mL, compared to 0.110, 0.214, 0.214 and 0.413 mg/mL for gallic acid, tannic acid, butylated-hydroxyanisol and ascorbic acid respectively. In (BCB) assay, the extracts showed strong inhibition (55.55 – 100.00% at 1 mg/mL) and the IC 50 values ranging from 0.123 to 0.850 mg/mL compared to 0.433 mg/mL for gallic acid. A dose dependant curve was obtained for all extracts in the FRAP assay. However, the antioxidant potencies of ascorbic acid and extracts were comparable at low concentrations. The majority of extracts showed the highest value of antioxidant activity, based on TAC test (0.073 – 0.398 mg ascorbic acid / mg extract). Conclusion: The results indicate that Z. lotus roots could be an important sources of natural antioxidants.

Standardization ofTragopogon graminifoliusDC. Extract Based on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity

Tragopogon graminifoliusDC. (TG), Compositae family, is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases like gastrointestinal and hepatic disorders. The aim of the present study is to standardize extracts from TG used for preparation of different dosage forms in traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) based on phenolic compounds. For this purpose, total phenolic content and some phenolic compounds were determined in ethanolic extracts from aerial part and root of TG by HPLC method. Furthermore, antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH-HPLC methods. Caffeic acid, gallic acid,ρ-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and catechin were detected in root and aerial part of TG.ρ-Coumaric acid (6.357 ± 0.014 mg·g−1) was dominant phenolic compound in aerial part followed by ferulic acid (1.24 ± 0.018 mg·g−1). Also,ρ-coumaric acid (2.685 ± 0.031 mg·g−1) was highly abundant in root, followed by catechin (2.067 ± 0.021 mg·g−1). Antioxidant activity of root extract (460.45 ± 0.78 µg Vit.E.E·mL−1) was better than that of aerial part. Generally, phenolic compounds are one of the major constituents of TG and could be used as markers for standardization of dosage forms prepared from this plant. Also, TG demonstrated significant antioxidant activity using DPPH-HPLC method. Phenolic compounds of TG may be responsible for its marked antioxidant properties.

Influence of the extraction solvent on antioxidant activity of Althaea officinalis L. root extracts

Abstract Althaea officinalis (Malvaceae) is a well-known plant that is widely distributed throughout the world. Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from A. officinalis root are used mainly because of their antitussive and expectorant activity. It is well known that these activities are based on the polysaccharide composition, but little is known about the possible antioxidant activity of root extract. The present study evaluated antioxidant activity of root extracts prepared with different extraction solvents applying ABTS·+ (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), hypochlorous acid scavenging assay and iron-induced lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the extract prepared with water as extraction solvent did not possess antioxidant activity, whereas the extracts obtained using ethanol:water as extraction agent showed well pronounced antioxidant activity. In particular, the extracts obtained at low concentration of ethanol in the mixed solvent (50:50 and 70:30, v/v) showed higher scavenging activity for ABTS·+ radicals and hypochlorite ions than the extract obtained with the higher ethanol concentration (90:10, v/v). These results correlated very well with phenolic and flavonoid content of the extracts. The extracts did not show cytotoxic effect on human BV-173 leukemic cells but may have immunomodulating effects due to their antioxidant properties.

Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of root extract of Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. in north of Iran

Onosma dichroanthum Boiss. (Boraginaceae) is locally known as Hava Chobeh in north of Iran, which has been used by the rural people as anti-inflammation and antiseptic to treat skin burns and wound healing. In this context, the antimicrobial potential of acetone, chloroform, methanol, ethanol and n-hexane-dichloromethane extracts from root plant against Gram positive and negative bacteria were studied by agar dilution and methods, and the antioxidant properties were obtained by various methods including reducing power (RP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results showed that Gram positive bacteria were more sensitive than Gram negative bacteria, especially to acetone extract in the well diffusion method. Bacillus cereus with minimum inhibitory concentration (0.078 mg/ml) was the most sensitive bacterium but no significant difference has been seen in antibacterial activity of various solvents. The antioxidant activity with IC50 was measured by TAC and RP methods 1 and 0.72 mg/ml respectively. Therefore, reducing power assay had more antioxidant activity than TAC method. IC50 in DPPH method was 4.08 mg dry weight. These results indicated that the use of O. dichroanthum root can be a confirmation for using this plant in traditional medicine, as antiseptic and antioxidant effect. Key words: Onosma dichroanthum Boiss., antibacterial, antioxidant activity