Antioxidant Activity Of Volatile Oil Research Articles

Chemical composition and biological evaluation of the essential oil of the flowering aerial parts of Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb

Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb (A. alpestre) is a plant known for its fragrant smell and has been traditionally used to treat influenza. However, despite its widespread use, there is no research on its flowering aerial parts. This study aims to contribute to the understanding the flowering aerial parts by investigating its volatile oil. The essential oil was extracted through hydrodistillation and analysed using GC-MS. The analysis identified 54 compounds, which accounted for 95.16% of the oil composition. The major components are germacrene D (31.68%), β-caryophyllene (16.07%), and (E)-β-farnesene (7.99%). To evaluate the antioxidant activity of volatile oil, six antioxidant experiments were conducted. The results indicated that volatile oil exhibited significant 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt and hydroxyl radical scavenging abilities. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of volatile oil was assessed against four common pathogenic bacteria. The findings demonstrated that volatile oil displayed potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Aerogenic bacterium.

Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil from Aerial Parts of Pleioceras barteri

Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil from Aerial Parts of Pleioceras barteri

Chemical profiling, cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of volatile oil isolated from the mint (Mentha spicata L.,) grown in Oman

The study aimed to characterize the volatile constituents of Mentha spicata L., grown in Oman, and to investigate in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the volatile oil. The pale-yellow color essential oil (% yield 0.55% v/w) showed the presence of thirteen compounds representing 99.19% of the total constituents. d-Carvone (65.21%) and dl-limonene (27.28%) were identified as the major volatile chemical constituents. Mint oil exhibited promising antioxidant (IC50 = 26.64 μg/mL) and cytotoxic activity (LC50 = 245 μg/mL). CLC predicted d-carvone to be active against thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, brain carcinoma, and lymphoblastic leukemia while dl-limonene could be effective against skin melanoma, breast adenocarcinoma in addition to the above carcinomas. Omani spearmint volatile oil exhibited promising cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. However, further detailed studies are warranted to develop mint oil as a natural antioxidant and to unlock its hidden cytotoxic potential.

Comparison between the Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil and Hydrosol in Eucalyptus Camaldulensis (Young and Adult) Leaves

Comparison between the Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil and Hydrosol in Eucalyptus Camaldulensis (Young and Adult) Leaves

Comparison between the Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil and Hydrosol in Eucalyptus Camaldulensis (Young and Adult) Leaves

Essential oils have been reported as an important compounds in the pharmaceutical industries for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity. This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis volatile oil and hydrosol obtained from young and adult leaves. Oil extraction was carried out by using steam distillation method. The antioxidant power was estimated by using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1,1-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) was used as positive control. The results show that young leaves of E. camaldulensis provide essential oil (2-4%), while in adult leaves the oil percentage was (1-2%). The IC50 of volatile oil in young leaves for the DPPH and FRAP assays was (237.178 and 243.664 µg/ml) respectively while in adult leaves IC50 was not observed. IC50 of hydrosol in young leaves of DPPH and FRAP assays was higher as compared with control and adult leaves. The results also showed that the antioxidant activity of volatile oil and Hydrosol in adults leaves was more than in young leaves. The current study revealed the possibility of using this volatile oil and hydrosol as a natural antioxidants.

Comparison between the Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil and Hydrosol in Eucalyptus Camaldulensis (Young and Adult) Leaves

Essential oils have been reported as an important compounds in the pharmaceutical industries for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity. This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis volatile oil and hydrosol obtained from young and adult leaves. Oil extraction was carried out by using steam distillation method. The antioxidant power was estimated by using the DPPH (2,2‑diphenyl‑1,1‑picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP(ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) was used as positive control. The results show that young leaves of E. camaldulensis provide essential oil (2‑4%), while in adult leaves the oil percentage was (1‑2%). The IC50 of volatile oil in young leaves for the DPPH and FRAP assays was (237.178 and 243.664 μg/ml) respectively while in adult leaves IC50 was not observed. IC50 of hydrosol in young leaves of DPPH and FRAP assays was higher as compared with control and adult leaves. The results also showed that the antioxidant activity of volatile oil and Hydrosol in adults leaves was more than in young leaves. The current study revealed the possibility of using this volatile oil and hydrosol as a natural antioxidants.

A comparative study on the biological activity of essential oil and total hydro-alcoholic extract of Satureja hortensis L.

Satureja hortensis L. presents an increased interest due to its chemical composition, abundant in monoterpenes, aglyconic and glycosylates flavonoids, and phenolic acids, leading to important biological activity. The present study compared the biological activity of volatile oil (VO) and total hydro-alcoholic extract (TE) of Satureja hortensis L. in terms of: i) antioxidant activity; ii) antimicrobial activity; and iii) viability, migration and proliferation on two healthy cell lines (keratinocytes-HaCaT and fibroblasts-1BR3) and two melanoma cell lines (human-A375 and murine-B164A5). Antioxidant activity of VO and TE showed maximal values around 72%. Antimicrobial screening highlighted the inhibitory capacity of VO against all seven tested bacteria strains, with the most pronounced effect against S. aureus and C. albicans, while TE exerted only a slight activity against three bacteria strains. VO showed greater efficacy than TE on both tumor cell lines (A375 and B164A5), the activity of the compounds was higher when low concentrations were used (5, 10 and 25 µM) while at high concentrations (50 and 100 µM) the percentages of viability were increased.

Chemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil from the White Jelly Mushroom, Tremella fuciformis (Tremellomycetes).

To fully analyze the composition of volatile oil extracted from Tremella fuciformis, hydrodistillation (HD) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) were adopted simultaneously. In both cases, the analysis was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the antioxidant activity of the volatile oil was determined by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method with rutin as a positive control. Nineteen components in HD and 68 components in SPME were identified, respectively. Moreover, the oil obtained from T. fuciformis by HD indicated that aromatic compounds were a major class (93.5%), followed by the terpenes (5.7%), alkanes (0.4%), and alcohols (0.3%). Among them, butylated hydroxytoluene was the highest concentration (92.5%) of the compounds. The compounds detected by SPME were different from those of HD, and the substances with the largest content were esters (57.7%), followed by alcohols (19.0%), acids (7.0%), and aldehydes (6.3%). Only three of the same substances were detected in both of them, namely borneol, (-)-α-terpineol, and acetic acid. In the DPPH assays, strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.176 mg/mL) was evident in volatile oil from T. fuciformis. Antioxidant activity was positively correlated with the concentration of volatile oil.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Volatile Oils in Different Periods of Growth of Artemisia annua L. from China

Artemisia annua L. has been widely used as an antimalarial herbal medicine in China. The volatile oils of A. annua are also the main active substances, but the volatile oils in different growing periods has short of systematic research. This paper researched on chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of volatile oils in four different periods of growth of A. annua from China. Results shown that the volatile oil of A. annua in the flowering stage increased to 0.8 %. According to GC-MS analysis, 21, 23, 21 and 22 components were identified in the pre-flowering, initial flowering, flowering and post-flowering stages, representing 93.9 %, 95.3 %, 97.1 % and 90.6 % of the total detected constituents, respectively. For the chemical classification of volatile oils, the total hydrocarbon content decreased, while the total oxygenated compounds increased significantly from the pre-flowering stage to the post-flowering stage. Antioxidant activity of volatile oils in the flowering and post-flowering stages were stronger than that in pre-flowering and initial flowering stages. According the in vitro tests of inhibitory bacteria, the essential oils had different inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Through this study, we understand the volatile oil of A. annua changes accumulated in different growth stages, can be advantageous to the oils exploitation.

The protective effect of Coriandrum sativum L. oil against liver toxicity induced by Ibuprofen in rats.

Ibuprofen (IBU) is a Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugused in the treatment of pain, fever and in inflammation.Coriandrum sativum is cultivated for its aromatic and medicinal uses. The present study aims to evaluatethe protective effect of Coriandrum sativum volatile oil on hepatotoxicityof IBU in rats. Five groups of albino rats were used.Group l(control),groupll (C.sativum oil,40 mg/kg B.W. for 14 day), group lll (IBU group,100mg/kg bodyweight B.W., for 14 day), group lV (IBU+ C.sativum oil) and groupV (recovery group).The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured in the liver of different groups addition to the histological examination of the sections of liver. The results showed that IBU caused a significant decrease in the activity of ALT and AST in the liver. The histological examination of the liver showed many pathological changes. Administration of coriander volatile oilin the combination with IBU was able to significantly increase the activity of both AST and ALT, in the liver and caused a significant decrease in the deleterious effect induced by IBU. The present results confirm that the antioxidant activity of volatile oil of the Coriandrum sativum L., against hepatotoxicity of IBU

Comparative analysis of volatile oils in the stems and roots of Ephedra sinica via GC-MS-based plant metabolomics

With a great difference in therapeutic effects of Mahuang (MH, the stems of Ephedra sinica) and Mahuanggen (MHG, the roots of Ephedra sinica), chemical differences between MH and MHG should be investigated. In the present study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based plant metabolomics was employed to compare volatile oil profiles of MH and MHG. The antioxidant activities of volatile oils from MH and MHG were also compared. 32 differential chemical markers were identified according to the variable importance in the projection (VIP) value of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and P value of Mann-Whitney test. Among them, chemical markers of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) and α-terpineol were quantified. Their contents were much higher in most MH samples compared with MHG. The antioxidant assay demonstrated that MH had significantly higher free radical-scavenging activity than MHG. Although MH and MHG derived from the same medicinal plant, there was much difference in their volatile oil profiles. MH samples had significantly higher content of two reported pharmacologically important chemical markers of TMP and α-terpineol, which may account for their different antioxidant activities.

Chemical components and antioxidant activity of volatile oil of a Compositae tea (Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.) from Mt. Kunlun

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. from Mt. Kunlun (located in Tibet, Xinjiang) is a new Chrysanthemum tea material, and its volatile components are reported here for the first time. C. tinctoria produces a greater quantity and better quality of volatile components compared with two other Chrysanthemum tea materials (Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ and Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Gongju’). The volatile oil content was 0.42%, with eighty-one components. The major components included six monoterpenes (limonene, 11.308%; α-phellandrene, 3.884%; p-acetyltoluene, 2.761%; carvone, 2.666%; 1R-α-pinene, 2.656%; and α-campholenal, 2.483%), three sesquiterpenes (α-bergamotene, 7.314%; tricyclo[6.3.0.0(1,5)]undec-2-ene-4-one,2,3,5,9-tetramethyl-, 3.454%; and naphthalene, 1,2-dihydro-1,1,6-trimethyl-, 3.024%), and a fatty acid component (n-hexadecanoic acid, 2.713%). Antioxidant activity study was revealed that the volatile oil of C. tinctoria had the better activity than the two compared samples. With next further study, C. tinctoria could be a more promising medicinal raw material than other popular chrysanthemum tea materials.

Chemistry and in Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Volatile Oil and Oleoresins of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)

Essential oil and oleoresins (ethanol and ethyl acetate) of Piper nigrum were extracted by using Clevenger and Soxhlet apparatus, respectively. GC-MS analysis of pepper essential oil showed the presence of 54 components representing about 96.6% of the total weight. beta-Caryophylline (29.9%) was found as the major component along with limonene (13.2%), beta-pinene (7.9%), sabinene (5.9%), and several other minor components. The major component of both ethanol and ethyl acetate oleoresins was found to contain piperine (63.9 and 39.0%), with many other components in lesser amounts. The antioxidant activities of essential oil and oleoresins were evaluated against mustard oil by peroxide, p-anisidine, and thiobarbituric acid. Both the oil and oleoresins showed strong antioxidant activity in comparison with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) but lower than that of propyl gallate (PG). In addition, their inhibitory action by FTC method, scavenging capacity by DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical), and reducing power were also determined, proving the strong antioxidant capacity of both the essential oil and oleoresins of pepper.