Antioxidant Activity Of Different Parts Research Articles

Bioactive potential of Lagotis cashmeriana: a study on morphology, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity

The present study aimed to investigate the morphological features, phytochemicals, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity in different parts of Lagotis cashmeriana. The morphological features depicted that the plant is 7.9 ± 1.699 cm tall with flowers arranged into an inflorescence. The length of inflorescence was 2.597 ± 0.796 cm. Basal leaves were measuring 2.99 ± 0.58 cm. Besides, the number of basal leaves and inflorescence ranged from 4–9 and 0–4 respectively. Methanolic extract of leaves displayed the highest phenolic content (169.5 µg/mL of GAE), followed by inflorescences (157 µg/mL of GAE). Among aqueous extracts, leaves displayed the highest phenolic content (88.38 µg/mL of GAE), followed by inflorescences (76.95 µg/mL of GAE). The results of antioxidant study revealed that the methanolic extracts of leaves possessed the highest antioxidant potential (180.76 µg/mL of AAE). Interestingly, for each extract, there was a positive correlation between the phenolic content and the antioxidant activity.

Comparative Analysis of Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Five Onion Cultivars Harvested in Korea.

Onions are typically consumed as the bulb, but the peel and root are discarded as by-products during processing. This study investigated the potential functional use of these by-products by analyzing the polyphenols, antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activity contained in onions. In this study, the bulb, peel, and root of five onion cultivars ('Tank', 'Bomul', 'Gujji' 'Cobra', and 'Hongbanjang') harvested in Korea were investigated. Caffeic acid and quercetin were most abundant in the peel, whereas methyl gallate was the predominant polyphenol in the bulb. Both DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity were higher in onion peel and root than in the bulb. These findings suggest that onion peel and roots, which are often discarded, have abundant antioxidant substances and excellent antioxidant activity. This study provides basic data for the future use of onion peel and roots as functional ingredients with high added value.

Characterization of Phytoconstituents, Total Flavonoids and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Aegle marmelos Correa

The present study aimed at characterization of phytoconstituents, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of different parts of Aegle marmelos Correa. The powders from different parts of Aegle marmelos were analyzed for the phytoconstituents by phytochemical profiling and measurement of total phenolic content and estimation of marmelosin, umbelliferone and luvangetin. Our study would be first ever reported on quantitative analysis, to the best of our knowledge for these relative constituents of the different parts of Aegle marmelos Correa. plant. The total antioxidant activity (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH %)) varied from 20.8±0.66 to 0.18±0.01, the total phenolic contents (mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g)) varied from 5.74±0.26 to 0.12±0.02 & the total flavonoid contents ranged from 1.58±0.01 to 0.04±.0.01. Luvangetin, marmelosin and umbelliferone (% by weight) for Aegle marmelos Correa. fruit pulp was found to be 1.78± 0.11, 1.61± 0.04 and 1.84± 0.14 respectively. The intent of this research is to focus on the quantitative analysis of these parts which will help in use of Aegle marmelos Correa. plant in future for research in the field of nutraceuticals development, treatment & finding cure for gastrointestinal and other chronic diseases for medicinal purpose.

A comparative study on phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of different parts of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)

Fruit and vegetable waste is a rich source of bioactive compounds that can be extracted or transformed into high-value products. In some parts of India, pumpkin leaves and flowers are rarely eaten as food. But despite being a rich source of bioactive chemicals with nutritional benefits, pumpkin seeds, and skins are frequently regarded as waste. The study involves the quantitative estimation of the antioxidant activity and phytochemicals content of the various parts of aqueous and isopropanol extracts of Cucurbita maxima plant. Pumpkin leaf exhibits the maximum moisture content (85.76 %), followed by pumpkin flower (79.42 %), pumpkin peel (71.44 %), and pumpkin seeds (3.23 %). The TPC and TFC of the isopropanol extract of pumpkin seed have been found the highest;41.05 mg GAE/g and 829.86 mg QE/g respectively. The highest% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in the isopropanol extract of pumpkin peel; 90.35 % and the lowest was found in the aqueous extract of pumpkin seeds 48.41 %. The aqueous extract of pumpkin peel has the highest value with a TAC of 123.33 mg AAE/g. The finding of the current study mainly highlights the importance of underutilized parts of pumpkin rather than discarding them as waste.

Diosgenin content, phenolic acids, and antioxidant activity of different parts of Iranian Tribulus terrestris L.

Diosgenin content, phenolic acids, and antioxidant activity of different parts of Iranian Tribulus terrestris L.

Comparative analysis of the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of two pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars: 'Tunisia' and 'Qingpi'.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), with its abundant phenolic substances and strong antioxidant activity, holds significant research and utilization potential across various organs. However, there have been few studies on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of pomegranate, especially the placenta. This study investigated the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fruits, flowers, and leaves of two pomegranate varieties, 'Tunisia' and 'Qingpi', throughout their growth and development. Results indicated significant variations in phenolic content among different organs, with petals exhibiting the highest total polyphenol content (TPC, 49.40 mg GAE/g FW) and total anthocyanin content (TMAC, 1938.54 nmol/g FW). Placenta contained the highest levels of total flavonoids (TFC, 173.58 mg RE/g FW) and punicalagin (109.30 mg/g FW). The peel had the highest content of total flavanols (TFAC, 19.42 mg CE/g FW). Over the course of pomegranate development, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total flavanols, punicalagin, and antioxidant activity declined in different organs. Antioxidant activity followed the order: fruit > flower > leaf, with the placenta exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity among fruits. Antioxidant activity showed a significant positive correlation with total polyphenols (R2=0.77-1.00), total flavonoids (R2=0.71-0.99, except tegmens), and punicalagin (R2=0.71-1.00). This study provides a comparative analysis of the phenolic content and antioxidant activity in different organs of pomegranate, highlighting the placenta as the primary source of punicalagin. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of pomegranate phenolic compounds.

Estimation of phytochemical constituents and analysis of antioxidant activity in different parts of plant

Oxidative stress is defined as a condition in which the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense system gets disturbed and causes free radical induced diseases. The current research was aimed to carrying out quantification of phytochemicals in different parts of and explores the antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts of leaf (CFL), seed (CFS), and bark (CFB) to show their therapeutic importance. The antioxidant potential of plant parts was assessed by free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SARSA), reducing power (RP), lipid peroxidation (LPO), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA), and ferric thiocyanate activity (FTC). Quercetin was used as a standard to measure the antioxidant activity. Among the tested plant extracts, CFB had the highest total phenolics and protein content than those of CFS and CFL, whereas CFL had the highest ascorbic acid, carotenoids and carbohydrate content than CFB and CFS plant parts. Antioxidant assay showed CFB had the lowest ICvalue for FRSA (35.48 μg/ml), LPO (91.91 μg/ml), HRSA (106.87 μg/ml) and FTC (53.21 μg/ml). CFS showed the lowest IC for SARSA (24.54 μg/ml) and the highest RP (2.14 ASE/ml). Overall, the bark of could be a potential natural antioxidant source for food as well as pharmaceutical applications.

Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of different parts of Prunella vulgaris by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UPLC

Prunellae Spica is the dried spica of Prunella vulgaris belonging to Labiatae and it is widely used in pharmaceutical and general health fields. As a traditional Chinese medicine cultivated on a large scale, it produces a large amount of non-medicinal parts, which are discarded because they are not effectively used. To analyze the chemical constituents in the different samples from spica, seed, stem, and leaf of P. vulgaris, and explore the application value and development prospect of these parts, this study used ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupoles time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) to detect chemical constituents in different parts of P. vulgaris. As a result, 117 compounds were detected. Among them, 87 compounds were identified, including 32 phenolic acids, 8 flavonoids, and 45 triterpenoid saponins. Some new triterpenoid saponins containing the sugar chain with 4-6 sugar units were found. Further, multivariate statistical analysis was conducted on BPI chromatographic peaks of multiple batches of different parts, and the results showed that spica had the most abundant chemical constituents, including salviaflaside and linolenic acid highly contained in the seed and phenolic acids, flavonoids, and triterpenoid saponins in the stem and leaf. In general, the constituents in the spica were composed of those in the seed, stem, and leaf. UPLC was used to determine the content of 6 phenolic acids(danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salviaflaside, and rosmarinic acid) in different parts. The content of other phenolic acids in the seed was generally lower than that in the spica except that of salviaflaside. The content of salviaflaside in the spica was higher than that in the stem and leaf, but the content of other phenolic acids in the spica was not significantly different from that in the stem. The content of protocatechuic aldehyde and caffeic acid in the spica was lower than that in the leaf. DPPH free radical scavenging method was used to detect the antioxidant activity of four parts, and there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between the spica and the stem and leaf, but that was significantly higher than the seed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of these parts was correlated with the content of total phenolic acids. Based on the above findings, the stem and leaf of P. vulgaris have potential application value. Considering the traditional medication rule, it is feasible to use the whole plant as a medicine. Alternatively, salviaflaside, occurring in the seed, can be used as a marker compound for the quality evaluation of Prunellae Spica, if only using spica as the medicinal part of P. vulgaris, as described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).

Unraveling the Phytochemical Profile Variability and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Ammi visnaga (L) Collected from Taounate Region

Unraveling the Phytochemical Profile Variability and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Ammi visnaga (L) Collected from Taounate Region

Antioxidant Potential of Different Parts of Three Pineapple Varieties N36, Madu and MD2

Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is widely consumed and appreciated not only due to its taste and aroma and to its nutritional and antioxidant properties, including its vitamin C and phenolic contents. In an attempt to explore new antioxidant leads, pineapple waste is often neglected in the pineapple industry. Fruit processing has considerably higher ratios of by-products and pineapple by-products are not exceptions as they consist basically of the residual pulp, peels, stem, and leaves. Pineapple waste is a by-product resulting from canning processing of pineapple that produces about 35% of fruit waste and leads to serious environmental pollution. The objective of this study is to determine whether different varieties and parts of pineapple waste (peel, core, crown, and stalk) can affect and give the highest amount of natural antioxidant activity. In this study, the antioxidant activities of different parts of three pineapples (N36, Madu, and MD2 were measured using the DPPH method. Methanol solvent has been used for extraction and various parts of pineapple were used to determine the effect of different plants on antioxidants. The samples were determined by using an ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. The result for scavenging activity (DPPH) indicates Madu variety displayed high scavenging activity compared to MD2 and N36 varieties. Madu varieties demonstrated a significant free radical scavenging ability where their crown has IC50 and cores are merely IC50 at 175 ppm and 500ppm. The MD2 crown also demonstrates IC50 at 275 ppm. The results suggest that Madu varieties comprised of the crown of pineapple studied may be useful as potential sources of natural antioxidants.

Comprehensive study of all Gundelia L. taxa exists in the globe: An insight on LC-MS/MS based phytochemical investigation and bioactivity potential of 22 species

Species from the Gundelia genus are among the important main therapeutic herbs widely used in Middle Eastern nations' traditional medicine. The emphasis of the current investigation was on the bioactive phytochemicals and biopharmaceutical efficacy of all 22 species of Gundelia taxa worldwide. Herewith, ethanolic extracts of root, stem-leaf and flower parts of twenty two Gundelia species were prepared and their bioactive phytochemicals were quantified by a comprehensive and validated LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) method. The results of the LC-MS/MS study revealed that, chlorogenic acid (0.042–93.52 mg/g extract), quinic acid (3.860–63.761 mg/g extract), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (0.019–42.737 mg/g extract), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (cymaroside) (0.013–34.017 mg/g extract), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (0.021–24.241 mg/g extract), apigenin-7-O-glucoside (0.006–15.859 mg/g extract), 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (0.014–4.827 mg/g extract) and caffeic acid (0.020–4.082 mg/g extract) amounts were remarkable in the overall assessment of the quantification results. Furthermore, bioactivities of the studied extracts were determined by evaluating total phenolic-flavonoid contents and ABTS (cation radical scavenging activity), DPPH (free radical scavenging activity) and CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) antioxidant test assays. With a few exceptions, all antioxidant test assays showed that the root ethanol extracts of the examined Gundelia species had stronger antioxidant activity than their flower and stem-leaf extract counterparts. Based on the results of the ABTS assay, it was discovered that the antioxidant capacities of root-ethanol extracts of G. purpurascens, G. dersim, G. armeniaca, G. armata, G. aragatsi, G. microcephala, G. tournefortii and G. tehranica (IC50 < 10 μg/mL) were at least as high as those of BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene) (IC50: 11.35 ± 0.22 μg/mL) and α-tocopherol (IC50: 9.23 ± 0.12 μg/mL), which were used as the reference compounds. To conclude, this is the first study in which the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of all Gundelia taxa in the world were determined together. Moreover, in this study, the phytochemical quantitation and bioactivity of G. microcephala, G. cappadocica, G. tehranica, G. aragatsi, and G. tenuisecta species were evaluated for the first time.

FTIR-Based Metabolomics for Characterization of Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Sesbania grandiflora Plant

Sesbania grandiflora, one of the flowering plants with great potential as a source of natural antioxidants because it contains chemicals such as tannin, phenolics, and flavonoids. However, there has been no extensive investigation on the antioxidant activity of isolated from different parts of this plant. This study aims to investigate the correlation between antioxidant activity and secondary metabolites extracted from three different parts (leaves, stem barks, and roots) of S. grandiflora plant using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) based metabolomics approach. The FTIR is a very useful technique for identifying the functional groups present in the mixtures, while antioxidant assay provides the base to select the part of the plant as the most potential source of antioxidant. The antioxidant properties were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and potassium ferricyanide reduction method. The multivariate data - analyses using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) were conducted to compare the distribution of metabolites extracted from different parts of the S. grandiflora plant investigated. The PLS was performed to evaluate the relationship between the components of the extracts obtained from different parts of the plant and their antioxidant activities. The results exhibited that antioxidant activities of the extract of the stem barks, and roots are higher than that of the extract of the leaves. Also, the PLS model indicated that the functional group absorption data were significantly correlated with the IC50 values of antioxidant activity. Subsequently, based on the results of PLS ​​analysis displayed that C=C, C=O, and along with C-O functional groups are proposed as the main contributors to the antioxidant activity of the extracts tested. The extracts of different parts were grouped using PCA analysis with a total of principal components (PC) of 94%.

In vitro phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Mallotus Philippinensis

Background: Mallotus Philippinensis belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae was broadly utilized in traditional medicines especially in the tropical areas. Mostly distributed in the Himalaya from Kashmir East wards besides tropical India. The plant contains high content of steroids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, proteins, saponins, alkaloids and carbohydrates. The previous studies demonstrated that plant exerted significant pharmacological effects like anti-helminthics, antifilarial, antiparasitic, antiulcer, antifungal, antibacterial and immuno-regulatory properties, and as an aphrodisiac. Still antimicrobial activities from different solvent extracts of this plant needed to explore.Objective: The goal of the present investigation was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity from the extract of plant Mallotus Philippinensis. Method: The ethanolic crude extract of plant was extracted by using maceration method. The resulting extracts were used to examined the antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method against some clinical strains (Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella, Epidermites, E. facillus, Pseudomonas) and some ATCC strains (Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, Pseudomonas) and Phytoconstituents was also investigated for the presence or absence of various metabolites like proteins, carbohydrates, alkaloids , steroids flavonoids and saponin test. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity. Results: The ethanol extract exhibit positive results for the inhibition of Bacillus, E. coli, S.aureus, Salmonella , Epidermites, E. facillus , Pseudomonas and also exhibit positive results for ATCC strains Bacillus , E.coli , S. aureus , K.pneumonia , Pseudomonas. The extract showed the presence of proteins, steroids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponin in the phytochemical screening. DPPH free radical scavenging activity assay disclosed the remarkable antioxidant activity of different parts of Mallotus Philippinensis ethanolic crude extracts. Conclusion: The findings of present project indicated that ethanolic extracts of Mallotus Philippinensis are sensitive against test bacteria. They also show antioxidant activity, and they contain rich number of phyto-constituents. In current study only crude extract was investigated for different curative effects against certain standard microbial strain. In future these extracts were considered after purification for development of various therapeutic agents.

Phytochemical Screening and Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Mulberry Plant

Mulberry is commonly used for silkworm rearing due to the presence of chemo-factors such as morin and sitosterol in the leaves. Mulberries are important in containing free radicals and pro- oxidants produced in the body as a result of metabolism and phagocytosis. Pharmacological uses of mulberry include phytochemical composition, antioxidant and medicinal properties. The pharmacological activity of mulberry plants can be predicted by the identification of phytochemicals. Although various modern techniques are used to determine phytochemicals, qualitative tests are still used for preliminary phytochemical screening of plants. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, quinones, anthraquinones, and other phytochemicals. The purpose of this research was to determine the antioxidant activity of the mulberry plant's fruits, stems, and leaves. The presence of antioxidant properties in the extract of mulberry plant was confirmed using the DPPH method.

Metabolic profiling of phenolics of the extracts from the various parts of blackberry plant (Syzygium cumini L.) and their antioxidant activities

The phenolic metabolites were extracted from the defatted leaves, seeds and pulp of blackberry using 80% ethanol. The phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of the extracts so obtained were then evaluated. In addition, metabolic pathway determination was performed by metabo Analyst as well as multivariate analysis to find the relationship between antioxidant activities of different parts of the blackberry plant and individual phenolic metabolites and other phenolic compounds. The result showed that immature leaves contained significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as FRAP. Meanwhile, tannin and anthocyanin were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in the pulp than in other parts of blackberry. The most abundant metabolic phenolic acid in immature leaves was p–coumaric acid (1160 mg/100g), followed by rutin (985.24 mg/100g), epicatechin (817.99 mg/100g), syringic acid (805.68 mg/100g), catechol (316.32 mg/100g), and gallic acid (313.73 mg/100g). Multivariate analysis showed that different parts of the blackberry were correlated with phenolic metabolites. The Pearson correlation between antioxidant activity and certain phenolic metabolites has been found to be both positive and negative. These results suggest that all parts of the blackberry could be used as a potential source of bioactive compounds for potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Antioxidant activity of different parts of Grifola frondosa and fractionation of iron-binding proteins

Antioxidant activity of different parts of <i>Grifola frondosa</i> and fractionation of iron-binding proteins

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant Activities, and Mineral Matter Contents of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb from the Flora of Bulgaria

Medicinal plants are mostly used in pharmaceutical, nutrition, and nutraceutical fields. Achillea spp. is widely used as nutraceuticals and food. In this study, chemical composition of essential oils, mineral composition, and antioxidant activities of different parts of A. collina were investigated. Flavonoids and polyphenols were detected using total flavonoid and polyphenolic contents assays. The Antioxidant activities were identified using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays. The essential oil chemical compositions were determined by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. According to the results, the most active plant part was A. collina leaves with a value of IC50=62.32±1.53 μg/mL. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (171.66±0.47 mg GAE /g and 8.50±0.43mg QE/g) were found in leaf parts. The essential oil was only obtained from the flower part of the plant. Besides, the major components found in A. collina were 1,8-cineole, camphor, β-linalool, γ-terpinene, γ-terpineol, α-pinene, epi-cyclocolorenone, epi-cyclocolorenone, and p-cymene. The results revealed that leaf samples of A. collina obtained from Bulgarian flora had higher antioxidant effect. The highest macro and microelement contents were Potassium (K)>Calcium (Ca)>Manganese (Mn)>Phosphor (P)>Magnesium (Mg)>Sodium (Na)> Copper (Cu)> Iron (Fe)> Boron (B), respectively.

A Comparative Study on Essential Oil Profile and Antioxidant Activity in Different Parts of Three Ferulago Species.

In the present study, the phytochemical features of the essential oils from leaves, flowers, and fruits in three Ferulago species including F. angulata, F. carduchorum, and F. contracta was investigated. The essential oils were extracted using the hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The essential oil content varied between 0.46 to 2.65 % (v/w) among the various parts of the studied species. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (leaves: 34.80-78.76 %, flowers: 88.67-94.26 %, fruits: 89.54-94.21 %) constituted the main fraction of three Ferulago species. The major compounds of the essential oil among the species were α-pinene (15.01-22.16 %), β-phellandrene (2.48-14.73 %), α-phellandrene (0.52-13.8 %), and germacrene B (0.11-13.28 %) in leaves; (Z)-β-ocimene (38.46-47.21 %), α-pinene (10.25-18.32 %), and α-phellandrene (5.07-9.44 %) in flowers; (Z)-β-ocimene (10.21-41.19 %), α-phellandrene (7.51-31.89 %), α-pinene (8.96-17.71 %), β-phellandrene (7.24-17.44 %), terpinolene (2.90-7.77 %), and δ-3-carene (1.57-7.66 %) in fruits. The classical antioxidant activity of the essential oils was assessed using the DPPH method. The fruit essential oils of the studied species induced a significant level of antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid (EC50 =50.24 μg/mL). The highest level of antioxidant activity was found in F. carduchorum (EC50 =68.75 μg/mL) fruits essential oil. Ferulago species, therefore, have the potential to be utilized as natural antioxidants in the pharmaceutical, food or cosmetic industries owing to their high level of antioxidant activity.

In-vitro antifungal activity of leaf, stem bark and root extracts of Irvingia gabonensis against fungi associated with its seed deterioration

Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill seeds are often contaminated in storage by postharvest spoilage fungi. This study investigated the nutritional contents of the seeds, phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity of different parts of the plant as well as their antifungal effects against fungi isolated from the deteriorated seeds. Proximate, mineral and phytochemical analyses were carried out using standard laboratory techniques. The antioxidant activity was against DPPH radicals. Ethanol extracts (100 and 200 mg/ml) of the various parts were screened against the isolates using pour plate method in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. The plates were examined for growth daily for 10 days. Data were statistically analysed. The healthy seeds contained higher protein (13.73%), fat (58.73%) and fibre (2.50%), whereas, higher content of moisture (10.17%) and carbohydrate (15.47%) were observed in the spoilt seeds. The leaf had highest contents of alkaloids (1228.3 mg/100 g), flavonoids (1345.9 mg/100 g), tannins (1345.9 mg/100 g), saponins (578.3 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (2348.3 μg/100 g). The antioxidant activity of the leaf (50.30%) was the highest. Fungi isolated from the deteriorated seeds were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Curvilaria lunata. The leaf was most effective against A. niger, A. flavus and C. lunata whereas the stem bark extract was most effective against A. fumigatus. The F-values were significant for model, treatment, concentration and number of days for the leaf and root. This study confirmed the antifungal activity of extracts of various parts of the plant against isolates implicated in the deterioration of its seeds. The extracts could be used as preservative to enhance the shelf-life and nutritional quality of the seeds.&#x0D; Keywords: Irvingia gabonensis, Spoilage of seeds, Antifungal activity, Free radical scavengers, Preservatives

Polyphenols contents and antioxidant potential of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) acetonic fractions from Burkina Faso

Scientific information on antioxidant properties and phenolic content of Nauclea latifolia used in ethnoveterinary medicine in Burkina Faso are limited. Therefore, the quantification of the antioxidant activity of different parts of this specie remains an interesting and useful task, particularly for finding new sources for natural antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total polyphenols of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) acetonic fractions from Burkina Faso. n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of leaves, barks and root barks were tested for their antioxidant activities using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 reagents were used to quantify the polyphenols. n-butanol fraction of barks (58.16 ± 0.76 mg GAE/100 mg), dichloromethane fraction of barks (51.13 ± 0.99; 26.14 mg GAE/100 mg) have presented the best total phenolic contents while the best total flavonoid contents were found in n-butanol fraction of leaves and n-hexane fraction of leaves with 4.85 ± 0.14 mg EQ/100mg and 2.92 ± 0.13 mg EQ/100mg, respectively. It was observed that n-hexane fraction of leaves was scavenge more DPPH free radicals with a value of 1011.98± 17,01 µmol EAA/g. That of n-butanol fractions of barks was showed the best ferric reduction power (3056.37 ± 96.66 µmol EAA/g) and the highest ABTS cation radicals scavenging capacity (7031.52 ± 254.98 µmol EAA/g). Nevertheless, this work encourages investigations on Burkina Faso plant species used in the ethnoveterinary medicine as sources of antioxidants.&#x0D; Keywords: Fraction; Ouagadougou; Barks, Total Polyphenols Contents; Radicals.