Antibacterial Activity Of Graphene Oxide Research Articles

Bimodal surface modification strategies towards improving the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide

Bimodal surface modification strategies towards improving the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide

Polymyxin B complexation enhances the antimicrobial potential of graphene oxide.

The antibacterial activity of graphene oxide (GO) has been widely explored and tested against various pathogenic bacterial strains. Although antimicrobial activity of GO against planktonic bacterial cells was demonstrated, its bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect alone is not sufficient to damage sedentary and well protected bacterial cells inside biofilms. Thus, to be utilized as an effective antibacterial agent, it is necessary to improve the antibacterial activity of GO either by integration with other nanomaterials or by attachment of antimicrobial agents. In this study, antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B (PMB) was adsorbed onto the surface of pristine GO and GO functionalized with triethylene glycol. The antibacterial effects of the resulting materials were examined by evaluating minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, time kill assay, live/dead viability staining and scanning electron microscopy. PMB adsorption significantly enhanced the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of GO against both planktonic cells and bacterial cells in biofilms. Furthermore, the coatings of PMB-adsorbed GO applied to catheter tubes strongly mitigated biofilm formation, by preventing bacterial adhesion and killing the bacterial cells that managed to attach. The presented results suggest that antibacterial peptide absorption can significantly enhance the antibacterial activity of GO and the resulting material can be effectively used not only against planktonic bacteria but also against infectious biofilms.

Comparative study between three carbonaceous nanoblades and nanodarts for antimicrobial applications

The design of nanostructured materials occupies a privileged position in the development and management of affordable and effective technology in the antibacterial sector. Here, we discuss the antimicrobial properties of three carbonaceous nanoblades and nanodarts materials of graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that have a mechano-bactericidal effect, and the ability to piercing or slicing bacterial membranes. To demonstrate the significance of size, morphology and composition on the antibacterial activity mechanism, the designed nanomaterials have been characterized. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), standard agar well diffusion, and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GO, RGO, and SWCNTs. Based on the evidence obtained, the three carbonaceous materials exhibit activity against all microbial strains tested by completely encapsulating bacterial cells and causing morphological disruption by degrading the microbial cell membrane in the order of RGO > GO > SWCNTs. Because of the external cell wall structure and outer membrane proteins, the synthesized carbonaceous nanomaterials exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains than Gram-negative and fungal microorganisms. RGO had the lowest MIC values (0.062, 0.125, and 0.25 mg/mL against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and E. coli, respectively), as well as minimum fungal concentrations (0.5 mg/mL for both A. fumigatus and C. albicans). At 12 hr, the cell viability values against tested microbial strains were completely suppressed. Cell lysis and death occurred as a result of severe membrane damage caused by microorganisms perched on RGO nanoblades. Our work gives an insight into the design of effective graphene-based antimicrobial materials for water treatment and remediation.

Impact of Environmental Stresses on the Antibacterial Activity of Graphene Oxide (GO) Nanoparticles against P. putida Biofilms.

As the production of graphene-based nanomaterials such as GO is increasing, it is expected that a large amount of GO waste will be generated. The environment (i.e., soil and aquatic systems) will be amongst the final repositories of these wastes which means important natural microbial communities in such environments will be at risk of GO exposure. However, little is known about how these communities respond to environmental stresses in synergy with the presence of GO. In this study, the effect of three different stress conditions: temperature (5, 25 and 40 °C); pH (5 to 9) and osmotic stress (51, 219 and 320 mM NaCl) in addition to GO treatment was investigated on the viability and physiology of biofilms and planktonic cells of soil bacterium P. putida. It was found that planktonic cells were more resistant to GO alone compared to biofilms. However, the cells were sensitive to GO when exposed to pH or osmotic stresses. Temperature was not found to influence the survival of biofilm with or without exposure to GO. However, low pH caused a reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) at pHs 5 and 6 for the pre-treated samples, while biofilms at pH 7-9 did not show any decrease. Interestingly, the post-treatment of planktonic cells or biofilms with GO showed a significant reduction in CFU at all pH ranges. The effect of higher osmotic stress in combination with GO resulted in a significant reduction in biofilms. These results show that the effect of stresses naturally occurring in the environment can be affected and changed when in combination with GO and can potentially affect the balance of natural biofilms.

Antimicrobial Activity of Graphene Oxide Contributes to Alteration of Key Stress-Related and Membrane Bound Proteins.

Antibacterial activity of graphene oxide (GO) has been extensively studied, wherein penetration of the bacterial cell membrane and oxidative stress are considered to play a major role in the bactericidal activity of GO. However, the specific mechanism responsible for the antibacterial activity of GO remains largely unknown. Hence, the goal of this study was to explore the mode of action of GO, via an in-depth proteomic analysis of the targeted bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus was grown in the presence of GO and samples were collected at different growth phases to examine the cell viability and to analyze the changes in protein expression. Antimicrobial efficiency of GO was tested by assessing bacterial viability, live/dead staining and scanning electron microscopy. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by GO treatment were examined by fluorescence microscopy. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis was performed to examine the differentially regulated proteins in S. aureus after GO treatment. GO treatment was observed to reduce S. aureus viability, from 50 ± 17% after 4 h, to 93 ± 2% after 24 h. The live/dead staining confirmed this progressive antimicrobial effect of GO. SEM images revealed the wrapping of bacterial cells and their morphological disruption by means of pore formation due to GO insertion. GO treatment was observed to generate intracellular ROS, correlating to the loss of cell viability. The proteomics analysis revealed alteration in the expression of cell membrane, oxidative stress response, general stress response, and virulence-associated proteins in GO-treated bacterial cells. The time-dependent bactericidal activity of GO correlated with a higher number of differentially regulated proteins involved in the above.-mentioned processes. The obtained results suggest that the time-dependent bactericidal effect of GO is attributed to its wrapping/trapping ability, ROS production and due to physical disruption of the cell membrane.

Graphene oxide coated aluminium as an efficient antibacterial surface

Antimicrobial coatings on metallic surfaces are rapidly emerging to combat bacterial pathogens. The excess use of conventional antibiotics increases the number of resistant strains at an alarming rate, which in turn leads to detrimental implications in the healthcare sector. Hence, it is of great importance in developing a new class of material with inherent bactericidal activity and good biocompatibility. In the present study, we have modified the aluminium surfaces by a coating of graphene oxide (GO) due to its excellent physicochemical properties, water dispersity and low cytotoxicity. Coatings were developed through facile and enviornment-friendly transfer method. The antimicrobial properties of GO coated aluminium are investigated against Gram-negative strain E. coli through agar plate counting and ‘Live/Dead’ fluorescence staining. Further, to shed light into the mechanism of antibacterial activity of GO at the molecular level, we have performed X-ray reflectivity (XRR) study considering a phospholipid multilayer as a model system to mimic bacteria cell membrane. Results show a significant bactericidal activity of the GO coatings compared to uncoated aluminium with lower concentration showing slightly better antibacterial property due to higher roughness. The obtained results may pave the way for engineering graphene-based antimicrobial coatings on a material surface using an easy, environment-friendly, cost-effective and straight forward processing route. • Antibacterial GO coating on aluminium surfaces were developed. • A facile, cost-effective and eco-friendly method was used for coating. • Sharp edges of GO sheets at lower concentration shows maximum bactericidal effect. • Rupture of cell membrane is considered to be dominant in antibacterial activity. • Molecular mechanism is confirmed by X-ray scattering studies.

Interaction of Humic Acid with Graphene Oxide: Relation to Antibacterial Activities Against Escherichia coli.

Graphene oxide (GO) sheets attracted great attention as effectively antibacterial agents in water treatment and environmental remediation applications. In the study, the interaction of humic acid (HA) as the model of natural organic matter (NOM) with GO and their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (E. coli) was investigated. The interaction between GO and HA molecules was analyzed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. The study demonstrated that GO reaction with HA was a spontaneously exothermic process, which enabled formation of stable and well dispersed GO-HA complex in aqueous solution. Both GO and GO-HA could significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli and present dose-dependent bactericidal property. GO and GO-HA showed more obvious antibacterial activity in saline solution than in LB broth. We suggest the surface wrinkles of GO and GO-HA could contribute to the firm wrapping of E. coli, which is the principle factor for the antibacterial activity of GO and GO-HA. Especially, GO-HA exhibit less surface wrinkles in comparison with GO, corresponding to its reduced antibacterial activity in saline solution.

Interaction with teichoic acids contributes to highly effective antibacterial activity of graphene oxide on Gram-positive bacteria

Graphene oxide (GO) has high-efficient antibacterial activity to diverse pathogenic bacteria. However, the detailed antibacterial mechanism of GO is not fully clear. Herein the antibacterial properties of GO against model Gram-positive (Gram+) (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative (Gram−) bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) were compared by plate count method. Results showed that 4 mg/L of GO induced the mortality of Gram+ and Gram− bacteria by > 99% and < 25%, respectively. GO had greater adsorption affinity to teichoic acids, the unique components existing in the cell wall of Gram+ bacteria, mainly via π−π interaction. The adsorption efficiency of teichoic acids was 27 times higher than that of peptidoglycan when they were simultaneously exposed to 100 mg/L GO. The superior adsorption of teichoic acids onto GO increased one order of magnitude of atlA expression, the autolysin related gene. As a result, these accelerated bacterial death by hydrolyzing peptidoglycan in cell walls. Exogenous addition of 50 mg/L teichoic acids could impair 4–5 fold of antibacterial activity of GO against S. aureus. These new findings illuminate the antibacterial mechanism of GO against Gram+ bacteria, which paves the way for the further application of graphene-based materials in water disinfection and pathogen control.

Functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets with unique three-in-one properties for efficient and tunable antibacterial applications

Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial agents is of great importance since antibiotic therapy faces great challenges from drug resistance. Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising agent due to its natural antibacterial mechanisms, such as sharp edge-mediated cutting effect. However, the antibacterial activity of GO is limited by its negative charge and low photothermal effect. Herein, the amino-functionalized GO nanosheets (AGO) with unique three-in-one properties were synthesized. Three essential properties (positive charge, strong photothermal effect, and natural cutting effect) were integrated into AGO. The positive charge (30 mV) rendered AGO a strong interaction force with model pathogen Streptococcus mutans (330 nN). The natural cutting effect of 100 µg·mL−1 AGO caused 27% loss of bacterial viability after incubation for 30 min. Most importantly, upon the near-infrared irradiation for just 5 min, the three-in-one properties of AGO caused 98% viability loss. In conclusion, the short irradiation period and the tunable antibacterial activity confer the three-in-one AGO a great potential for clinical use.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of graphene oxide decorated by silver and copper oxide nanoparticles

This work is a present decoration of graphene oxide by silver and copper oxide nanoparticles via a chemical method in order to enhance the antibacterial activity. The increased supply for decoration of graphene oxide with metallic nanoparticles is growing, due to their use in science and technology. The synthesized GO, GO/AgNPs and GO/CuONPs nanocomposite have been investigated via; XRD, FTIR, TEM, and UV–Vis. The cell viability has been studied for the papered GO, GO/AgNPs, and GO/CuONPs. The surface of GO sheets is highly attached by both silver and copper oxide nanoparticles. In addition, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized GO/AgNPs and GO/CuONPs have been examined using Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus using the disc diffusion method. The graphene oxide sheets surrounded the sphere-shaped silver nanoparticles. GO/AgNPs and GO/CuONPs have demonstrated outstanding antibacterial activity. These results revealed that GO/AgNPs and GO/CuONPs, as a kind of antibacterial content, had enormous potential for application in a wide variety of biomedical utilizes.

A Synergistic Antimicrobial Mechanism of GO: Why Oxidative Stress Can Inactivate E. coli

Graphene oxide (GO), a 2D nanomaterial, is a promising material for medical application, thanks to its water solubility, antibacterial activity and relatively low cytotoxicity. However, many factors, such as lateral dimension, purity and surface chemistry, may influence its antibacterial activity, its exact mechanism is still unknown. In this work, E. coli was used as model bacterium to determine the antibacterial activity of well-dispersed GO which was obtained by a modified Hummer method and dialyzed to remove the salts and acid used in the oxidation process. After co-culture with GO for 2[Formula: see text]h, up to 90% E. coli cells were inactivated when GO concentration at 8[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL. The direct interaction was not detected in FE-SEM images and the results of [Formula: see text] potential showed that the interaction between GO and E. coli are repulsive[Formula: see text] Our results showed that GO can produce ROS and inactivate SOD and CAT enzymes in low concentration after co-cultured with E. coli which explained the antibacterial activity of GO in aqueous solution. Meanwhile, GO, with high purity, showed low cytotoxicity towards mammalian cells and did not cause any observable hemoglobin after co-cultured with blood cells. The data presented here prove that GO is effectively inhibit E. coli through inactivating SOD, CAT enzymes and the oxidative stress produced by ROS. Furthermore, the good biocompatibility promised its future application.

Silver and copper oxide nanoparticles-decorated graphene oxide via pulsed laser ablation technique: Preparation, characterization, and photoactivated antibacterial activity

Graphene oxide, silver and copper oxide nanoparticles display photoactivated antibacterial behavior owing to their ability to generate charge carriers via light exposure. In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were embedded through graphene oxide (GO) using laser ablation technique. The microstructural behavior of the synthesized compositions has been investigated via XRD and TEM. The optical properties were studied by (UV–Vis), while the antibacterial properties were investigated in addition to the cell viability towards normal cell line (HFB4) in vitro. The antibacterial activity of GO was enhanced significantly with addition nanoparticles; by meaning, the inhibition zone enlarged from 5.4 mm with pure GO to be around 11.2 mm against E. coli with contribution of CuONPs. This trend of enhancement suggests that GO could be a great platform for different kinds of photo-activated antibacterial to be recommended for versatile biomedical applications.

Amino-modified graphene oxide nanoplatelets for photo-thermal and anti-bacterial capability

In this study, graphene oxide (GO) nanoplatelets have been successfully amino-functionalized by electrostatic absorbed process of poly(diallyldimethylammoniumchloride) (GO-PDDA) and hydrothermal of ammonia solution (AMGO). The characterizations of GO derivative nanoplatelets (GO, GO-PDDA and AMGO nanoplatelets) were evaluated by Raman, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and zeta potential. The results show that the zeta potential change is from −51.7 mV (GO) to 29.7 mV (GO-PDDA) and 33.2 mV (AMGO), indicated that the huge charge changing by the amino group modification. A model bacterium, Escherichia coli (E. coli), was used to evaluate the anti-bacterial activity of GO, GO-PDDA and AMGO nanoplatelets. The anti-bacterial activity of AMGO and GO-PDDA nanoplatelets is superior to pristine GO nanoplatelets, owing to the positive charge of amino-modification to capture the negative charge of bacteria cell walls. Especially in AMGO nanoplatelets, it displays the most powerful anti-bacterial capability, due to the higher grafting density of amino functional group (higher zeta potential of AMGO). Furthermore, the photo-thermal test exhibits the temperature of GO derivative nanoplatelets could increase 38-50 °C while exposed in the near-IR laser (808 nm) for 5 min. Combination of physical capturing/splintering and photo-thermal effects for the bacteria, we suggest that amino-functionalized GO nanoplatelets would be anticipated to apply in the anti-bacterial coating and photo-thermal therapy.

Synergistic antibacterial actions of graphene oxide and antibiotics towards bacteria and the toxicological effects of graphene oxide on human epidermal keratinocytes

Graphene oxide (GO) has displayed antibacterial activity that has been investigated in the past, however, information on synergistic activity of GO with conventional antibiotics is still lacking. The objectives of the study were to determine the combinatorial actions of GO and antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the toxicological effects of GO towards human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT). Interactions at molecular level between GO and antibiotics were analyzed using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Changes in the antibacterial activity of antibiotics towards bacteria through the addition of GO was investigated. Toxicity of GO towards HaCaT cells were examined as skin cells play a role as the first line of defense of the human body. The ATR-FTIR characterizations of GO and antibiotics showed adsorption of tested antibiotics onto GO. The combinatorial antibacterial activity of GO and antibiotics were found to increase when compared to GO or antibiotic alone. This was attributed to the ability of GO to disrupt bacterial membrane to allow for better adsorption of antibiotics. Cytotoxicity of GO was found to be dose-dependent towards HaCaT cell line, it is found to impose negligible toxic effects against the skin cells at concentration below 100 μg/mL.

Investigating the best strategy to diminish the toxicity and enhance the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide by chitosan addition

The main objective of this work was to find a way to increase the bio-applicability of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles. In this way, various kinds of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-CS) nano-hybrids were synthesized through attachment of different kinds of chitosan (CS) structures with GO. Subsequently, they were assessed in terms of structural characterization, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity to obtain a hybrid structure representing the highest bactericidal and biocompatibility performance. Our results revealed that the single-layer GO and also three different kinds of GO-CS nano-hybrid structures (pristine powder, spherical and nano-fibrilar network structures) were successfully synthesized. Antibacterial activity results indicated superior antibacterial activity of nano-hybrids compared to the pure GO. In addition, it was observed that the attachment of CS to GO interestingly reduced the cytotoxicity effect of GO and even caused cell proliferation in some samples. Furthermore, the antibacterial and bio-safety properties of different hybrids were compared and suggestive mechanisms for their particular performances were proposed.

Antibacterial properties of nanoporous graphene oxide/cobalt metal organic framework.

Metal-organic framework (MOF) based graphene oxide (GO) recently merits of attention because of the relative correspondence of GO with metal ions and organic binding linkers. Furthermore, introducing the GO to the Co-MOF to make a new nanoporous hybrid have are improved the selectivity and stability of the Co-MOF. Here the graphene oxide/cobalt metal organic framework (GO/Co-MOF) was synthesized by a solvothermal process using cobalt salt and terephthalic acid and used for biocidal activity, against the growth of the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were confirmed the successful synthesize of metal organic framework and incorporation of Co-MOF in to GO sheets. Scanning electron microscopy was showed the cornflower structure of GO/Co-MOF, and transmission electron microscopy was confirmed, the Co-MOF are decorated on GO. Cytotoxicity study of GO/Co-MOF using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay showed the biocompatibility to human fibroblasts cell over 72 h. The growth inhibition of the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are reached over 99% for bacteria concentration of 100 μg/mL. The excellent antibacterial activity of GO based Co-MOF is linked to synergistic effect of sharp edges of the GO sheets and the toxic effect of cobalt ions (Co2+) which are released from their surfaces. The GO/Co-MOF radical scavenging assay was measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant assay for samples incubated with cells which confirmed the minimum radicals' toxicity on bacteria. This novel graphene oxide based MOF with its intrinsic superior porous structure, highly active metal coordination, and commercial linker, is an excellent promising candidate to use in biological and pharmaceutical applications as high potential sustained bactericidal materials.

Graphene oxide exhibits differential mechanistic action towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

The antibacterial nature of graphene oxide (GO) has stimulated wide interest in the medical field. Although the antibacterial activity of GO towards bacteria has been well studied, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of GO is still lacking. The objective of the study was to elucidate the difference in the interactions of GO towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The synthesized GO was characterized by Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Raman and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Viability, time-kill and Lactose Dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays were carried out along with FESEM, TEM and ATR-FTIR analysis of GO treated bacterial cells. Characterizations of synthesized GO confirmed the transition of graphene to GO and the antibacterial activity of GO was concentration and time-dependent. Loss of membrane integrity in bacteria was enhanced with increasing GO concentrations and this corresponded to the elevated release of LDH in the reaction medium. Surface morphology of GO treated bacterial culture showed apparent differences in the mechanism of action of GO towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria where cell entrapment was mainly observed for Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis whereas membrane disruption due to physical contact was noted for Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ATR-FTIR characterizations of the GO treated bacterial cells showed changes in the fatty acids, amide I and amide II of proteins, peptides and amino acid regions compared to untreated bacterial cells. Therefore, the data generated further enhance our understanding of the antibacterial activity of GO towards bacteria.

Powerful antibacterial activity of graphene/nanoflower-like nickelous hydroxide nanocomposites.

The development of new and efficient antibacterial agents is urgent to overcome emerging antimicrobial resistance. Herein, we have presented a new type of 3D antibacterial system to prompt bacteria to contact with the any plane of nanocomposites. Comparing the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide and graphene-loaded nanoflower-like nickelous hydroxide (GN/Ni(OH)2) nanocomposites; the GN/Ni(OH)2 showed stronger bactericidal capability toward Gram-negative/-positive bacteria. Moreover, the GN/Ni(OH)2 with low cytotoxicity can promote it as 'green' antimicrobial agents. And, the GN/Ni(OH)2 presented long-term stable antibacterial effectiveness after 2-month storage. The antibacterial mechanisms of GN/Ni(OH)2 were evidenced as the 3D contact and violent damage to the bacterial structure. The GN/Ni(OH)2 provides new insights into the antibacterial properties of 3D nanocomposites for effectively fighting pathogen threats in biomedicine and public health.

Study of photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of graphene oxide nanosheets

Graphene oxide (GO) is a biocompatible material that is easily dispersible in water making its mixing easy with ceramic or polymer matrixes while trying to enhance their properties. In the present study, the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of GO have been studied. GO has been synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The synthesized material has been characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-visible spectroscopy. HR-TEM confirmed the formation of GO nanosheets. It has been observed that GO nanosheets with excellent morphology exhibit efficient photocatalytic activity towards Congo red (CR) dye. Using advanced oxidation process, toxic organic dye CR is oxidized through reaction with reactive oxidative species generated by GO photocatalyst under UV-light irradiation. The study reflects new possibilities of GO for degradation of toxic organic pollutants. The effect of GO dose has also been studied and the reaction has been evaluated to be first order. Antibacterial activity of GO has been evaluated via well diffusion assay by growing Escherichia coli and Bacillus on LB agar plates.

Osteogenesis and Antibacterial Activity of Graphene Oxide and Dexamethasone Coatings on Porous Polyetheretherketone via Polydopamine-Assisted Chemistry

Endowing implants with antibacterial ability and osteogenic ability plays important roles in preventing post-operative bacterial contamination and facilitating integration between implants and osseous tissue, consequently reducing implant failure rates. In this study, we develop a facile and versatile strategy with dopamine as an auxiliary for construction of dexamethasone (Dex)/liposome porous coatings. In detail, the surfaces of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SP) plates are coated with polydopamine firstly and then modified with graphene oxide (GO) and dexamethasone (Dex)-loaded liposome, which is verified by contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR), and Raman spectra. The results of our study suggest that the GO and Dex are successfully coated on the samples’ surfaces. In vitro cell attachment, growth, differentiation, and apatite deposition tests all illustrate that the substrate coated with GO and Dex can significantly accelerate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 cells compared with the pristine sulfonated polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Additionally, it exhibits acceptable antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus in vitro. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the modified GO- and Dex-loaded substrates are endowed with impressive biocompatibility and certain antibacterial qualities, making it possible for future application as a perspective implant material.