Anti-collision Technique Research Articles

Context-Aware Perspective Analysis Working Of RFID Anti-Collision Protocols

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is the fastest growing technology, as many IoT devices are communicating via RFID technology. During the interaction among RFID reader and tag, collision happens in different ways like tag-to-tag, reader-to-reader and reader-to-tag collisions. Several anti-collision techniques are presented to resolve the collision issue. The RFID reader is like a physical sensor; thus, this study shows how the context-aware process is used in the reader and tag interaction. Furthermore, the authors have discussed the context of RFID anti-collision protocol by analyzing how a reader reads a tag and detects collision from a context-aware perspective. This study examines the method of working of anti-collision techniques from a context-aware perspective. The study gives a brief overview of how an anti-collision technique is working in RFID reader and tag communication. The core focus of this study is to compare anti-collision techniques and examine from a context-aware perspective. In this paper, RFID reader and tag communication is mapped with a context-aware cycle. By examining anti-collision techniques as an outcome, efforts have been made in this paper to determine which anti-collision technique is working better from a context-aware perspective. As per our findings, the discontinuous collision bit mapping algorithm (DCCMA) is a better approach as compared to other anti-collision techniques. Through this paper, we have found out that (DCCMA) anti-collision technique is better from a context-aware perspective.

Tag-to-Tag Interference Suppression Technique Based on Time Division for RFID.

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a tracking technology that enables immediate automatic object identification and rapid data sharing for a wide variety of modern applications using radio waves for data transmission from a tag to a reader. RFID is already well established in technical areas, and many companies have developed corresponding standards and measurement techniques. In the construction industry, effective monitoring of materials and equipment is an important task, and RFID helps to improve monitoring and controlling capabilities, in addition to enabling automation for construction projects. However, on construction sites, there are many tagged objects and multiple RFID tags that may interfere with each other’s communications. This reduces the reliability and efficiency of the RFID system. In this paper, we propose an anti-collision algorithm for communication between multiple tags and a reader. In order to suppress interference signals from multiple neighboring tags, the proposed algorithm employs the time-division (TD) technique, where tags in the interrogation zone are assigned a specific time slot so that at every instance in time, a reader communicates with tags using the specific time slot. We present representative computer simulation examples to illustrate the performance of the proposed anti-collision technique for multiple RFID tags.

Toward a Reliable Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag Based on Silicon Nanowires

This paper presents a chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor tag having both identification and sensing capabilities. It is based on one resonant scatterer operating as a signal processing antenna in the 3–7.5 GHz band. The scatterer is used to monitor a physical parameter variation, as well as to identify the remote sensor. To make a resonator sensitive to the humidity, silicon nanowires are deposited on the tag surface using a simple process. The tag needs only one conductive layer so that it can be directly printed on the product to sense and to identify. Measurements done using a bistatic radar configuration in the frequency domain validate this concept. To demonstrate the reliability of such an application, two chipless RFID sensors placed in various environments are simultaneously detected using an anticollision technique based on spectral separation.

Anti-Collision Technique of SAW Tags Using Walsh Code

—In view of the inefficiency of coding, the complexity of signal extraction and the strict demands of machining in the existing multiple SAW tags system, an anti-collision technique based on Walsh Code was proposed. First, it encodes the 2PSK using the single antenna transmission structure, then it implements the orthogonal encoding of each tag in a multiple SAW tags system using Walsh coding, and finally the encoding information of each tag is acquired by reading the echo signals from the reader and doing cross-correlation operation with each code block in the orthogonal code-set. The proposed approach incorporates both the coding efficiency and the processing technology, simplifies the complexity of signal extraction, and achieves the goal of anti-collision of multiple SAW tags system. The theoretical analysis and simulation verify the feasibility of this technique.

An Improved Anti-collision Algorithm Based on JDS

With the emergence of active tags and RFID technology used in the fast-moving objects, readers need urgently to read and write tags in limited time. Anti-collision algorithms resolve the problem of a number of tags at the same time to communicate with the reader. Traditional anti-collision algorithm is to minimize recognition time and improve search efficiency under the conditions of maintaining a certain complexity. In this paper, we propose an improved anti-collision technique based on IPA and JDS algorithms. The improvement is achieved thanks to use jumping-back strategy. This latter reduces considerably the responding tag’s numbers and therefore, decreases the probability of bit’s collision. The simulation results shows, the reduced IPA anti-collision algorithm reduce frequency and the number of bits of the reader queries and label response significantly.

GSM Information Collection Design of Logistics Information System Based on Internet of Things

On the analysis of logistics information collecting techniques (including the Unified Information System, The Internet Of Things, Global System for Mobile Communication ), the paper puts forward solutions and innovative ways to operate the system based on Unified Information System (UIS) in The Internet Of Things (IOT). GSM information collection, which is based on the UIS, has integrated the technologies of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), GSM, and Computer Telecommunication Integration (CTI). With the unique characteristics of business processes of UIS and IOT, the systematic design has carried out the technical construction and interactive system design on the brandboard adjustment program of GSM information collection model, the anti-collision technique as well as Network Communication Program of GMS model controlled by AT command. This design has realized the exchange between the logistics information collection and processing and GSM network by the way of adopting the TC35i Single Chip Processor Control System, as a result, it has formed the distributed link for the logistics information system, and identified the feasibility of GSM information collecting system applied in this system.

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION UHF TAG USING RCEAT

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) UHF Tag based on RCEAT technique is proposed in this paper. RCEAT means Reliable and Cost Effective Anti-collision technique. The proposed system is designed with the help of Verilog HDL. The System is simulated using Modelsim SE 6.3f and it synthesized using XST. The RCEAT system is classified into two subsystems. One is Pre and another one is Post . By using Pre we have to detect the errors from incoming messages. And using Post we identify the tag. Key words: Verilog HDL,CRC remover,

Design of Anti-collision Technique for RFID UHF Tag using Verilog

This paper presents a proposed Reliable and Cost Effective Anti-collision technique (RCEAT) for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Class 0 UHF tag. The RCEAT architecture consists of two main subsystems; PreRCEAT and PostRCEAT. The PreRCEAT subsystem is to detect any error in the incoming messages. Then the identification bit (ID) of the no error packet will be fed to the next subsystem. The PostRCEAT subsystem is to identify the tag by using the proposed Fast-search Lookup Table. The proposed system is designed using Verilog HDL. The system has been successfully implemented in hardware using Field Programmable Grid Array (FPGA) SPARTAN 3E. Finally the RCEAT architecture is synthesized using xillins 13.3v. From the hardware verification results, it shows that the proposed RCEAT system enables to identify the tags without error at the maximum operating frequency of 180MHz. The system consumes 7.578 mW powers, occupies 6,041 gates and 0.0375 mm 2 area with Data arrival time of 2.31 ns.

Improved RFID anti-collision algorithm

In this paper, we propose an improved anti-collision technique based on the binary search algorithm. The improvement is achieved thanks to the manner of the requests’ building. This latter reduces considerably the responding tag's numbers and therefore, decreases the probability of bit's collision. Further, the algorithm provides a noticeable advantage for the length of transmitted binary data compared against basic binary search and dynamic binary search algorithms. Besides, it provides same performance in terms of average request's number making the identification process faster, and the expose time of information is then reduced.

Conceptual Selective RFID Anti-Collision Technique Management

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) uses wireless radio frequency technology to automatically identify tagged objects. Despite the extensive development of RFID technology, tag collisions still remains a major drawback. The collision issue can be solved by using anti-collision techniques. While existing research has focused on improving anti-collision methods alone, it is also essential that a suitable type of anti-collision algorithm is selected for the specific circumstance. In this work, we evaluate anti-collision techniques and perform a comparative analysis in order to find the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. To identify the best anti-collision selection method in various scenarios, we have proposed two strategies for selective anti-collision technique management: a “Novel Decision Tree Strategy” and a “Six Thinking Hats Strategy”. We have shown that the selection of the correct technique for specific scenarios improve the quality of the data collection which, in turn, will increase the integrity of the data after being transformed, aggregated, and used for event processing.

Slot-wise maximum likelihood estimation of the tag population size in FSA protocols

Framed Slotted Aloha (FSA) is a popular anticollision technique in state-of-the-art RF-ID systems, as in ISO/IEC CD 18000-6 for 900MHz or the EPCglobal HF Gen 2 draft for 13.56MHz. In many applications the number of tags entering and leaving the detection range of the reader is subject to a strong fluctuation and usually unknown. The current number of tags in the field is a crucial parameter to operate the FSA anti-collision in an optimal manner. Therefore, a lot of effort is spent on the estimation of this parameter and a range of different estimation techniques exist. The contributions of this paper are: 1) a closed formula for the probability of any observed event defined by the number of empty, singleton, and collision slots in the observed frame is developed and empirically verified. 2) This formula is then modified to compute the probability for partly observed frames as well which is of great interest as the referred standards allow for the in-frame adjustment of the frame size without quitting the interrogation round. 3) Then, a maximum likelihood estimator is formulated to yield the estimated number of tags on a slot-wise basis. 4) Its superior estimation performance is compared to the known best estimators over the complete parameter set. While its performance is strongly superior compared to Schoute?s estimate, compared to Vogt?s MSE estimator only marginally improvement is obtained1.

A Combined Polling and Random Access Technique for Enhanced Anti-Collision Performance in RFID Systems

In this paper we propose a novel RFID anti-collision technique that intelligently combines polling and random access schemes. These two fundamentally different medium access control protocols are coherently integrated in our design while functionally complementing each other. The polling mode is designed to enable fast collision-free identification for the tags that exist within reader's coverage across the sessions. In contrast, the random access mode attempts to read the tags uncovered by the polling mode. Our proposed technique is particularly suited for a class of RFID applications in which a stationary reader periodically attempts to identify the tags with slow mobility. Numerical results show that our proposed technique yields much faster identification time against the existing approaches under various operating conditions.

A Divide-and-Conquer Technique for Throughput Enhancement of RFID Anti-collision Protocol

A novel anti-collision technique is proposed to maximize identification performance in slotted Aloha based radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. We observe that much higher throughput can be achieved by identifying tags in a divide-and-conquer method, in which the set of tags is partitioned into multiple subsets of roughly equal size and then each subset is identified in sequence. Numerical results show that the throughput performance of our proposal outperforms existing methods by a significant margin.

Hardware Implementation of Higher Throughput Anti-Collision Algorithm for Radio Frequency Identification System

This paper presents a proposed hardware implementation of Higher Throughput Anti- Collision Algorithm (HTACA) for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Our proposed HTACA combines a pipeline and a deterministic anti-collision technique in order to enhance its performances. These downlink and uplink operations are concurrently executed during the identification process. The downlink operation is purposely pre-selected a group of tags base on its Object Class. Therefore a packet format of the tag consists of an object class bits (OC) and an Identification bits (ID). Meanwhile, the uplink operation is performed a Fast Detection anti-collision technique. This technique is novel in terms of faster identification time by reducing the number of iterations during the identification process. It also reads the ID at once regardless of its length. The proposed system is designed using Verilog HDL. The system is simulated using Modelsim XE II and synthesized using Xilinx Synthesis Technology (XST). The system has been successfully implemented in hardware using Field Programmable Grid Array (FPGA) board model Virtex II Xc2v250. The output waveforms from the FPGA have been tested on the Tektronix Logic Analyzer model TLA 5201 for real time verification. From the result, it shows that the proposed HTACA system enables to identify the tags without error at the maximum operating frequency of 180 MHz. As a result, the maximum throughput of this hardware implemented system is 180 Megatags sec −1 .