Anterior Eye Segment Analysis System Research Articles

Relationship between anterior capsule opening and direction of intraocular lens decentration.

To compare intraocular lens (IOL) decentration between patients in whom the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) completely covers the IOL optic and those in whom it incompletely covers the IOL optic and determine how an incompletely covered CCC affects the IOL position. A tertiary hospital in Japan. Single-center retrospective study. This study included 57 eyes of 57 patients (mean age 70.8±6.2 years) that underwent phacoemulsification and IOL (SN60WF; Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX) implantation in the bag between April 2010 and April 2015. The patients were classified based on whether the CCC completely (CC group) or incompletely (NCC group) covered the IOL optic using an anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-1000; NIDEK, Gamagori, Japan). The IOL decentration of the groups was analyzed using EAS-1000 at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively and compared. The relationship between the NCC location and IOL direction at 3 months postoperatively was analyzed. The NCC group (25 eyes) had a significantly higher amount of IOL decentration than the CC group (32 eyes) at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively (P < .05). There was a correlation between the direction of IOL decentration and NCC location, and IOL decentration in the NCC group occurred in the opposite direction to the NCC area. An anterior capsule opening that completely covers the IOL optic is important to control IOL decentration.

Quantitative evaluation of light scattering intensities of the crystalline lens for radiation related minimal change in interventional radiologists: a cross-sectional pilot study

To evaluate low-dose X-ray radiation effects on the eye by measuring the amount of light scattering in specific regions of the lens, we compared exposed subjects (interventional radiologists) with unexposed subjects (employees of medical service companies), as a pilot study. According to numerous exclusionary rules, subjects with confounding variables contributing to cataract formation were excluded. Left eye examinations were performed on 68 exposed subjects and 171 unexposed subjects. The eye examinations consisted of an initial screening examination, followed by Scheimpflug imaging of the lens using an anterior eye segment analysis system. The subjects were assessed for the quantity of light scattering intensities found in each of the six layers of the lens. Multiple stepwise regression analyses were performed with the stepwise regression for six variables: age, radiation exposure, smoking, drinking, wearing glasses and workplace. In addition, an age-matched comparison between exposed and unexposed subjects was performed. Minimal increased light scattering intensity in the posterior subcapsular region showed statistical significance. Our results indicate that occupational radiation exposure in interventional radiologists may affect the posterior subcapsular region of the lens. Since by its very nature this retrospective study had many limitations, further well-designed studies concerning minimal radiation-related lens changes should be carried out in a low-dose exposure group.

Comparison of the Stability Between Three-piece and Single-piece Aspheric Intraocular Lenses

Purpose: The goal of the present study was to compare the stability of the 3-piece (Tecnis ZA9003) and single-piece (AcrySof IQ) aspheric intraocular lenses (IOL) by testing decentration, tilt, anterior chamber depth, and refraction. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 101 eyes who had undergone cataract surgeries with a 3-piece aspheric IOL (54 eyes) and with a single-piece aspheric IOL (47 eyes). The decentration, tilt, anterior chamber depth, and refraction were measured on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months, using an anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-1000, Nidek, Japan). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the decentration on the postoperative day 1 (p = 0.04). However, there was no statistically significant difference on postoperative 1 month (p = 0.15) and 2 months (p = 0.13). There was no statistically significant difference in the tilt on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months. There was no statistically significant difference in the anterior chamber depth on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months. There was a statistically significant difference in the refraction on postoperative day 1 (p = 0.03). However, there was no statistically significant difference on postoperative 1 month (p = 0.07) and 2 months (p = 0.07). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in the decentration, anterior chamber depth, and refraction between the 3-piece and single-piece aspheric IOL. Therefore, there is no difference between the 3-piece and single-piece aspheric IOL in the capsular bag stability until 2 months postoperatively.

Effect of 5-S-GAD on UV-B-induced cataracts in rats

5-S-Glutathionyl-N-beta-alanyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (5-S-GAD) is a novel antibacterial substance purified from Sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) that has both a radical scavenging activity and antioxidative activity. This is a report of an investigation of the effect of 5-S-GAD (eyedrops) on UVB-induced cataracts in rats. Brown Norway male rats (n = 32; 7 weeks old) were treated with either 5-S-GAD 0.1%, 5-SGAD 1%, astaxanthin (AST) 0.1% suspension eyedrops or the vehicle alone (the solution without 5-S-GAD) three times a day (three doses at 5-min intervals each time). The treatment was scheduled 2 days before UV-B exposure and 2 days after UV-B exposure. Exposure to 100-200 mJ/cm(2) UV-B was performed once a week between drug treatments for 9 consecutive weeks, with a total dose of 1200 mJ/cm(2) UV-B. Ocular penetration of 5-S-GAD was analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cataract formation was documented by an anterior eye segment analysis system once a week under mydriasis. The light-scattering intensity (LSI) of the anterior superficial cortex region was measured. In the eighth to ninth week after the start of UV-B exposure, the LSI of anterior subcapsular lenses of 5-S-GAD-treated groups, as detected by HPLC, was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of the control, whereas no such difference was found in the AST-treated group. 5-S-GAD eyedrop application may delay the progression of UV-B-induced cataract in rats.

Decentration, Tilt and Anterior Chamber Depth: Aspheric vs Spheric Acrylic Intraocular Lens

Purpose: To compare the decentration, tilt and anterior chamber depth between aspheric AcrySof IQ IOL (SN60WF) and spheric AcrySof Natural IOL (SN60AT). Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 22 patients (26 eyes) using an aspheric AcrySof IQ IOL and 26 patients (31 eyes) using spheric AcrySof Natural IOL. All lenses were inserted into the capsular bag after 5 mm continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and phacoemulsification. The decentration, tilt and anterior chamber depth of both IOLs were measured on the 1st, 30th and 60th postoperative day using an anterior eye segment analysis system (Scheimpflug camera, EAS-1000, Nidek, Japan). Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the decentration between the IQ IOL and Natural IOL on the 1st (p=0.05), 30th (p=0.09) and 60th (p=0.06) postoperative day. There was a statistically significant difference in tilt between IQ IOL and Natural IOL on the 1st (p=0.000053) and 30th (p=0.018) postoperative day. However, there was no statistically significant difference in tilt on the 60th postoperative day (p=0.05). The anterior chamber depth of IQ IOL was decreased, but was not statistically significant on the 1st (p=0.10), 30th (p=0.07) or 60th (p=0.06) postoperative day. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between AcrySof IQ IOL and AcrySof Natural IOL in decentration, tilt or anterior chamber depth, showing that posterior aspheric surface causes little effect on the IOL stability.

Influences of optic edge design on posterior capsule opacification and anterior capsule contraction

To investigate the influence of optic edge design on posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and anterior capsule contraction (ACC). A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients scheduled to undergo cataract surgery were included in this study. Patients received either a Sensor AR40 intraocular lens (IOL) or a Sensor AR40e IOL. The area of the anterior capsule opening (ACO) was determined by diaphanoscopy using the anterior eye segment analysis system EAS-1000 at 1 day, 1 week and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Posterior capsule opacification was evaluated objectively in two ways, using either the EAS-1000 or POCOman. There was no significant difference between the two groups in either ACO area or percentage reduction of ACO area at any time-point after surgery. The difference in the degree of PCO 1 year after surgery was not significant when measured by either the EAS-1000 or POCOman. A sharp IOL edge is required to prevent PCO. Sharp-edged IOLs do not appear to be a risk factor for ACC.

Tilt and decentration of the intraocular lens following combined vitrectomy and pars plana lensectomy

To investigate intraocular lens (IOL) tilt and decentration following combined vitrectomy and pars plana lensectomy (PPL) with IOL implantation in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. We followed 25 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy who underwent PPL and IOL (MA60BM) implantation at the time of pars plana vitrectomy (PPL group), and 25 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL (MA60BM) implantation without vitrectomy (PE group). Intraocular lens tilt and decentration were evaluated quantitatively, using the anterior eye segment analysis system, approximately 12 months after surgery. There was no significant difference in IOL tilt (p = 0.47) or decentration (p = 0.26) between the PPL and PE groups. The present study suggests that tilt and decentration of the IOL are acceptable in combined vitrectomy and pars plana lensectomy.

Delay of Cataract Development in the Shumiya Cataract Rat by the Administration of Drinking Water Containing High Concentration of Magnesium Ion

We discovered that the cataract development in the Shumiya cataract rat (SCR) can be prevented by the administration of deep-sea drinking water (DDW). A standard diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition guidelines (AIN-76) and DDW containing a high mineral concentration such as low, medium and high Mg2+ content (50, 200 and 1000 mg of Mg2+/l, respectively) were used in this study. SCRs were freely fed with combinations of the standard diet and purified water or DDW during 5-15 weeks of age. The opacities of SCR lenses were documented by anterior eye segment analysis system EAS-1000. The onset of opacification of cataractous SCR lenses administered a combination of standard diet and purified water started at 11 weeks of age, and mature cataracts had formed at 13 weeks of age. However, the supplementation of Mg2+ by administration with medium DDW showed the greatest effect of delay of cataract onset in SCR. In addition, even cataractous SCR lenses at 14 weeks of age showed differences in opacity level. The opacification and Ca2+ of the lenses in cataractous SCR administered medium DDW were lower than those administered purified water. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that administration of DDW potently delays cataract development in SCR, and this may be caused by inhibiting the increase in Ca2+ levels in the lens.

Tilt and Decentration of Three-Piece Foldable High-Refractive Silicone and Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lenses With 6-mm Optics in an Intraindividual Comparison

Intraindividual comparison of tilt and decentration of three-piece foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) with 6-mm optics and different edge design and material. Prospective randomized study. Twenty-five patients with senile cataract (group I) received a foldable silicone, sharp optic edge IOL in one eye and a silicone, rounded optic edge IOL in the other eye. Group II (n = 28) received the foldable silicone, sharp optic edge IOL in one eye and an acrylate, sharp optic edge IOL in the other eye. Scheimpflug photography was performed after the procedure with an anterior eye segment analysis system. Tilt and decentration of the IOL optic were measured 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months after the procedure. In group I, the foldable silicone, sharp optic edge IOL showed a mean optic tilt of 3.03 +/- 1.79 degrees and an optic decentration of 0.24 +/- 0.13 mm; the silicone, rounded optic edge IOL showed a tilt of 3.26 +/- 1.69 degrees and a decentration of 0.23 +/- 0.13 mm. In group II, the foldable silicone, sharp optic edge IOL showed an average tilt of 2.34 +/- 1.81 degrees and a decentration of 0.29 +/- 0.21 mm after 12 months; the acrylate, sharp optic edge IOL had a tilt of 2.32 +/- 1.41 degrees and a decentration of 0.24 +/- 0.10 mm. There were no significant differences in either group. The examined IOLs showed a stable position regarding tilt and decentration in the first 12 postoperative months, independent of material and edge design. Slight deviations from the optical axis might affect the outcome in aspheric or multifocal IOLs.

Relationship between anterior capsule contraction and posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus

Purpose: To prospectively assess the relationship between contraction of the anterior capsule opening and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Kaiya Eye Clinic, Hamamatsu, and Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaragi, Japan. Methods: This study comprised 45 patients (45 eyes) with diabetes mellitus who had cataract surgery. In all eyes, the anterior capsule opening area and degree of PCO were determined by diaphanoscopy using an anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-100, Nidek, Inc.) 1 day and 1 year postoperatively. Results: There was no correlation between the size of the anterior capsule opening area 1 day after surgery and the degree of PCO 1 year after surgery (Pearson correlation coefficient [ r] = 0.041; P = .79). The percentage reduction in the anterior capsule opening area from 1 day to 1 year after surgery did not correlate with the degree of PCO 1 year after surgery ( r = −0.08; P = .60). Conclusion: Contraction of the anterior capsule opening and PCO after cataract surgery cannot be explained by a common mechanism.

An Alternative Method of Steroid-Induced Lens Opacification in Brown Norway Rat Eyes Applying Systemic Pulse Administration

Purpose: To confirm whether long-term administration of prednisolone sodium succinate (prednisolone) alone is able to induce cataract in rat eyes. Materials and Methods: A 1% solution of prednisolone was administered topically as eye drops to Brown Norway rat eyes, and a systemic pulse administration of 10 mg/kg/day was given via the tail vein. Both administration methods were applied in different combinations. Eighty-three 6-week-old male rats were divided into 8 groups: group 1 = control; group 2 = topical instillation every day; group 3 = single pulse; group 4 = single pulse + eye drops; group 5 = 3 times pulse; group 6 = 3 times pulse + eye drops; group 7 = 3 times pulse per 2 months; group 8 = 3 times pulse per 2 months + eye drops. Observations for changes of lens transparency were made by slitlamp microscopy and documented by an anterior eye segment analysis system (Nidek EAS-1000^®) from the onset of drug administration to a maximum period of 16 months. Results: Lens opacity in the shallow anterior and posterior lens layers developed from the tenth month following commencement of prednisolone administration. The incidence of anterior and/or posterior cortical cataract at the sixteenth month was 15% in group 2, 12.5% in group 5, 25% in group 6, 17.9% in group 7 and 35.3% in group 8. The lenses of groups 1, 3 and 4 maintained their transparency throughout the observation period. Light scattering intensity in groups 8 and 7 was the highest, followed by groups 6 and 5, then groups 2, 4, 3 and 1. Conclusion: Cortical cataract was successfully induced in Brown Norway rat eyes by sustained administration of prednisolone succinate alone applied as systemic pulse.

Anterior chamber angle measurement with Anterior Eye Segment analysis system Nidek EAS-1000: improving the repeatability.

Previous studies have reported good intraobserver and interobserver repeatability of anterior chamber angle (ACA) assessment using the Anterior Eye Segment analysis system, EAS-1000. This study investigated the influence of fixation pattern, corneal plotting method and camera position on ACA measurements. A Nidek EAS-1000 system was employed for image acquisition and analysis, to obtain measurements of ACA. Twenty-five young healthy subjects participated. The ACAs were different in different quadrants and using different corneal plotting methods (Repeated measures 3-way anova, p < 0.05). However, the difference was <5 degrees and therefore not clinically significant. Alignment along the visual axis or optical axis did not yield any significant difference. Repeatability was improved by asking the subjects to fixate at the flashing light-emitting diode (LED). Temporal and nasal angles also demonstrated better repeatability than vertical angles. In measuring the vertical angles, the camera can be set at either the temporal or nasal side (Paired t-test, p > 0.05). The Anterior Eye Segment analysis system has good clinical repeatability in measuring ACA. It can be further improved with the use of the flashing LED during image acquisition.

Delay of cataract development in hereditary cataract UPL rats by disulfiram and aminoguanidine

The UPL rat is a newly developed hereditary cataract model. We previously found that the administration of disulfiram, a dimer of diethyldithiocarbamate that possesses antioxidant activity, and aminoguanidine, which is known to inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase, inhibits cataract development in selenite-induced cataract rats. In this study, we investigated the anti-cataract effects and mechanism of disulfiram and aminoguanidine on UPL rats. The opacities of UPL rat lenses, as documented by the anterior eye segment analysis system, EAS-1000 (Nidek, Aichi, Japan), increased from 39 days, and apparently mature cataracts were observed at 53 days. Accompanied with the increase in lens opacity, glutathione concentrations in UPL rat lenses decreased. The Na + to K + and water-insoluble to water-soluble protein ratios, as well as the Ca 2+ contents in UPL rat lenses increased with the development of cataracts. Oral administration of disulfiram and aminoguanidine delayed the lens opacification as well as the changes in glutathione, Na + to K + ratio, water-insoluble to soluble protein ratio, and Ca 2+ content in UPL rat lenses. The opacity and Ca 2+ content of UPL rat lenses were closely associated. The present study demonstrates that disulfiram and aminoguanidine have potency of the delay of cataract development in UPL rats, probably caused by inhibiting the rise in Ca 2+ levels.

Intra-observer and inter-observer repeatability of anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-1000) in anterior chamber configuration.

Anterior chamber configuration can be assessed via optical or ultrasonic techniques. Scheimpflug photography is a non-invasive method measuring the anterior segment. The Anterior Eye Segment analysis system, EAS-1000, utilises the Scheimpflug principle and was found to have good repeatability. Previous repeatability studies, however, have had limitations in their design. The current study investigated the intra-observer and interobserver repeatability of the EAS-1000. Twenty-five healthy young subjects were recruited. The anterior chamber angles in different quadrants were measured by two examiners for interobserver analysis. The first examiner repeated the measurement at another session for intra-observer analysis. The 95% limits of agreement and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. The anterior chamber depth was also measured and compared with ultrasound biometry. The anterior chamber angle assessment demonstrated good intra-observer (ICC ranging from 0.77 to 0.90 for different quadrants) and interobserver (ICC ranging from 0.68 to 0.81 for different quadrants) repeatability. The 95% intra-observer limits of agreement were within +/-5 degrees. The 95% interobserver limits of agreement were within +/-6 degrees. There was no significant difference between male and female subjects or among angles at different quadrants. The anterior chamber depth was found to be repeatable (ICC > 0.90) with 95% limits of agreement +/-0.1 mm. The anterior chamber depth was shallower than that obtained from ultrasound biometry. The EAS-100 is a non-invasive instrument which is repeatable for measuring the anterior chamber angle and depth. It provides quick results and is good for screening purposes. There is an under-estimation of anterior chamber depth, as previously reported.

Effect of a capsular tension ring on intraocular lens decentration and tilting after cataract surgery

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a capsular tension ring (CTR) on the tilting and decentration of intraocular lenses (IOLs) after cataract surgery.Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Kyunggyi-do, Korea.Methods: Cataract surgery was performed in both eyes of 20 patients ranging in age from 57 to 75 years. The 40 eyes were divided into 2 groups based on whether a CTR (Lucid Korea) was implanted. Each patient received a CTR in 1 eye only. All IOLs (AcrySof® MA60BM, Alcon) were implanted in the capsular bag after a continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis smaller than the IOL optic was created and phacoemulsification performed. The extent of IOL tilting and decentration was measured with the EAS-1000 anterior eye segment analysis system 7, 30, and 60 days after surgery.Results: The extent of IOL decentration was statistically significantly less in eyes with both an IOL and CTR than in those with an IOL only. The mean decentration in the CTR-IOL group was 0.38 mm ± 0.16 (SD) at 7 days, 0.43 ± 0.15 mm at 30 days, and 0.42 ± 0.17 mm at 60 days. The mean values in the IOL-only group were 0.49 ± 0.11 mm, 0.53 ± 0.14 mm, and 0.57 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The amount of IOL tilting was also significantly less in the CTR-IOL group. The mean tilting in the CTR-IOL group was 2.22 ± 0.46 degrees at 7 days, 2.36 ± 0.50 degrees at 30 days, and 2.47 ± 0.40 degrees at 60 days. The mean values in the IOL-only group were 3.14 ± 0.65 degrees, 2.91 ± 0.67 degrees, and 3.06 ± 0.56 degrees, respectively.Conclusion: These results indicate that the CTR reduces undesirable postsurgical IOL movement for at least 60 days.

Effect of Different Concentrations of Tranilast on Posterior Capsule Opacification

To evaluate the effect of different concentrations(0.5, 1.0, 2.0%) of tranilast eyedrops in preventing fibrous posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in rabbits. Experimental phacoemulsification procedures and in-the-bag placement of intraocular lens(IOL) implant were performed. An anterior eye segment analysis system(EAS-1000, Nidek Co, Ltd) was used to evaluate the degree of PCO during 5 weeks after surgery. The development of PCO was significantly suppressed in the eyes treated with tranilast eyedrops from 1 week after surgery. The mean PCO density after treatment with 0.5% tranilast was 59.1 +/- 9.3 (mean deviation +/- standard error) and 57.1 +/- 8.2, while for 1.0% tranilast it was 40.1 +/- 6.8 and 46.6 +/- 8.4, and for 2.0% tranilast it was 38.5 +/- 6.0 and 37.5 +/- 5.6 (computer compatible tape, CCT) at 1 week and 5 weeks, respectively. In the control group, the mean PCO density was 89.3 +/- 10.4 and 137.4 +/- 32.8 at 1 week and 5 weeks, respectively(p < 0.05). However, no significant statistical difference was observed in any of the findings for the 3 different tranilast concentrations. These results suggest that the 0.5% tranilast eyedrops, which are already available on the market, are sufficiently effective for inhibiting PCO.

Quantification of Simulated Corneal Haze by Measuring Back-Scattered Light

The Scheimpflug anterior eye segment analysis system EAS-1000 was modified to specifically quantitate the degree of corneal haze. In order to confirm the basic measurement performance of the new system, TSPC-3 hazemeter, in vitro experiments were conducted. Using white latex microsphere solutions, tests were performed for the linearity of the measurements, the influence of slit lamp illuminance and the influence of the length of the light path through the latex solution. The validity of Beer’s law was confirmed, indicating that a sufficiently wide range of latex concentrations (haze intensities) can be covered by the hazemeter. The scattering intensity measured with the hazemeter showed a significant linear correlation with the latex concentration. The obtained scattering intensity was directly proportional to the illuminance of the slit lamp. The ratio of integrated scattering values was proportional to that of the light path length. It was shown that the TSPC-3 hazemeter possesses sufficient capability for a quantitative evaluation of corneal haze.

Risk factors for contraction of the anterior capsule opening after cataract surgery

Purpose: To investigate the factors contributing to contraction of the anterior capsule opening (ACO) after cataract surgery in normal eyes. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, School of Medicine, Tokyo, and Kaiya Eye Clinic, Hamamatsu, Japan. Methods: This study included 141 eyes of 141 patients scheduled to have cataract surgery. The area of the ACO was determined by diaphanoscopy using the EAS-1000 anterior eye segment analysis system 1 day and 9 months postoperatively, after which the percentage reduction in the ACO area was calculated. Aqueous flare intensity was measured with a laser flare-cell meter 1 week and 9 months after surgery. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine which factors were correlated with the percentage reduction in the ACO area. Variables tested included patient age, axial length, the ACO area on the first postoperative day, and flare values 1 week and 9 months after surgery. Results: Patient age ( r = 0.193, P = .029) and flare intensity 9 months after surgery ( r = 0.255, P = .007) were significantly correlated with the percentage reduction in the ACO area ( R 2 = 0.133). The axial length, ACO area 1 day postoperatively, and flare value at 1 week were not correlated with ACO contraction. Conclusion: Contraction of the ACO after cataract surgery is related to instability of the blood-aqueous barrier.

Comparison of Scheimpflug images of posterior capsule opacification and histological findings in rabbits and humans

Purpose: To compare the posterior capsule opacification in Scheimpflug photographic images produced by an electronic anterior eye segment analysis system with the histopathological findings in rabbits and humans. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical College, Japan. Methods: Opacified posterior capsules were photographed using the EAS-1000 system (Nidek) and were then extracted during vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative vitreoretinopathy in 2 patients. In rabbits, phacoemulsification and aspiration (PEA) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was performed. The IOL was implanted in the bag or in the sulcus. After intervals of healing, the posterior capsule was photographed with the EAS-1000 and the animals were then killed. In both clinical and experimental specimens, the posterior capsule was processed for light microscopic histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: Opacified human capsules were well imaged by the EAS-1000. Histology showed that lens epithelial cells proliferated with and without an accumulation of extracellular matrix. Details such as rolling of the capsulotomy edge were seen well. Regenerated lens fibers of Soemmering’s ring were seen as a mass within the capsule. In the rabbit model, Scheimpflug images accurately represented the capsules as they appeared histologically. Conclusion: The EAS-1000 system provided faithful, relatively high-resolution images that corresponded to the histologic findings in the posterior capsules after PEA-IOL surgery in humans and rabbits.

Anterior capsular contraction after cataract surgery in vitrectomized eyes

PURPOSE: To assess the contraction of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis after cataract surgery in eyes with past pars plana vitrectomy. METHODS: In a prospective study, 16 eyes of 16 patients underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a foldable acrylic intraocular lens after pars plana vitrectomy. Eyes after intensive or repeated vitrectomy were not included. Twenty eyes of 19 patients served as age-matched controls. Aqueous flare intensity was measured using the laser flare-cell meter 1 year after surgery. The area of anterior capsular opening (ACO) was determined by diaphanoscopy using the anterior eye segment analysis system EAS-1000 at 1 day and 1 year postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the mean ACO area between the vitrectomy and control groups both at 1 day and 1 year postoperatively. Aqueous flare intensity 1 year after surgery was slightly higher in the vitrectomy group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Eyes after simple vitrectomy are not at a higher risk of ACO contraction following cataract surgery.