Ganglion Cysts Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Research Articles

Review on Causes and Management of Ganglion Cyst after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

The gelatinous fluid within a ganglion is rich in hyaluronic acid and other mucopolysaccharides, and the lesion itself is surrounded by a dense network of collagen fibres and fibrocytes. By restoring knee stability, the procedure aims to enhance the patient’s quality of life. Historically, individuals who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery were able to resume their prior level of athletic involvement in 75%–90% of cases. ACL ganglion cysts are associated with serious clinical symptoms. Some people’s discomfort and stiffness from immobility due to large ganglia prohibit them from fully extending. Such individuals should have an arthroscopy or a computed tomography (CT) scan to decompress the ganglion, which offers immediate relief. ACL surgeries are becoming more and more common, and ganglion cysts may be present in individuals who have pain at the extremes of both flexion and extension has a clinical history. Radiologists must be conversant with these therapies and the adverse effects that go with them. While arthroscopic treatment offers quick discomfort alleviation without compromising ligament integrity, when it comes to radiological diagnostics, nothing beats magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). With an MRI, any other relevant intraarticular abnormalities may be ruled out. Safe CT scan-guided suction was used to successfully cure this patient’s ACL ganglion cyst symptoms.

Arthroscopic decompression and debridement for the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament ganglion cyst in a 45-year-old female

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cysts are infrequently encountered in clinical practice, with limited reported cases. These cysts usually present with chronic knee pain and clinical examination is usually unremarkable except for knee tenderness. Due to the lack of characteristic symptoms and deficiency of precise clinical techniques to diagnose the condition, timely diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, supported by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Hence management of ACL ganglion cysts poses unique challenges for healthcare providers. We present a case study of a 45-year-old female with an ACL ganglion cyst successfully treated with arthroscopic decompression and debridement. This article outlines the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, surgical intervention, and post-operative outcomes of this case, providing insights into the effective management of this uncommon condition. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on ACL ganglion cyst, emphasizing findings and treatment outcomes reported in previous studies. This case underscores the importance of considering ACL cysts in the differential diagnosis of knee pain and discomfort. Early identification and appropriate management, such as arthroscopic cyst excision, can lead to favorable outcomes and complete recovery.

Posterolateral Bundle Resection for an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst

The incidence of intra-articular ganglion cysts of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is low and symptomatic presentation of this pathology is even lower. Nevertheless, symptomatic cases pose a real challenge for the orthopaedic community, as no general consensus exists regarding the most appropriate treatment. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe the surgical treatment of an ACL ganglion cyst by arthroscopic resection of the entire posterolateral bundle of the ACL in a figure-of-four position after conservative treatment has failed.

Radiologic findings associated with mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Mucoid degeneration (MD) of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a well-recognized pathology characterized by the degradation of collagen fibers and infiltration of a mucoid-like substance. This study is to determine the anatomical associated factors for MD-ACL using radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This was a retrospective study on patients who had undergone knee arthroscopy between 2011 and 2020. The patients with MD-ACL were defined and enrolled by the MRI and arthroscopy. Eventually, 52 patients in the MD-ACL group (group 1) and 52 patients in the control group (group 2) were enrolled, following sex and age matching. Radiologic evaluation included the assessment of Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade, mechanical hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, posterior tibial slope (PTS) angle, and Insall-Salvati ratio. The notch width index and transverse notch angle were measured on MRI, and the grade of trochlear dysplasia was defined. Logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and area under curve (AUC) were performed. The ROM was significantly decreased in group 1, whereas the PTS angle was significantly larger in group 1. Combined ganglion cysts of ACL were found in 42/52 patients (80.7%) in group 1. The risk of MD-ACL was associated with a steeper PTS angle, increased Insall-Salvati ratio, male sex, higher K-L grade, and decreased transverse notch angle and notch width index. The cutoff values in ROC analysis were found to be ≤ 28.27% for the notch width index (AUC, 0.849; p < 0.001), > 12.2° for the PTS angle (AUC, 0.765; p < 0.001), and ≤ 47.4° for the transverse notch angle (AUC, 0.711; p < 0.001), but not significant for Insall-salvati ratio. A steeper PTS angle, decreased notch width index, and transverse notch angle are significantly associated with the presence of MD-ACL. These factors should be considered during diagnosis or when determining the treatment strategy for symptomatic MD-ACL patients. Level IIIb.

A case of mucoid hypertrophic degeneration of anterior cruciate ligament with ganglion cyst causing extension block treated with arthroscopic debridement of the cyst and partial debulking surgery

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Mucoid degeneration of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an uncommon cause of knee pain and restriction of movements. It uncommonly presents with a coexisting ACL ganglion cyst. Typically present between ages of 40-60 years, however, the true incidence and symptoms are variable. We present our experience with one such case with loss of knee extension treated with arthroscopic debulking. The patient regained both full range of motion and resolution of symptoms after the treatment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Ultrasound-guided Aspiration of a Ganglion Cyst of Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Outpatient Clinic

Symptomatic ganglion cysts within the knee joint are rare, and the mainstay of treatment for these cases has been surgical excision. We present a case of a ganglion cyst of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) treated with ultrasound-guided aspiration in an outpatient clinic. A 45-year-old woman presented to the hospital with posterior right knee pain after falling down. We were able to identify well circumscribed 2.2cm mass confined to ACL on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We performed percutaneous needle aspiration of the ACL ganglion cyst under ultrasound (US) guidance. The patient's symptoms improved immediately after the procedure and she had no complications. Four weeks later, follow-up revealed that the patient's symptoms had disappeared. Six months later, a recurrence of a ganglion cyst was confirmed on follow-up and was treated in the same way.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst and Mucoid Degeneration: A Review.

Mucoid degeneration and ganglion cyst are two distinct non-traumatic lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) that most commonly occur discretely but occasionally coexist. They are relatively uncommon, and their exact aetiopathogenesis is still not clear. ACL ganglion cyst occurs more frequently among relatively younger patients compared to mucoid degeneration. They could be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally while evaluating the knee for other pathologies. Symptomatic cases of the two conditions present with nonspecific chronic pain, painful limitation of terminal flexion and extension, and mechanical block (among other symptoms), similar to that of other internal derangement pathologies of the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice, and diagnostic criteria are defined. Arthroscopic management of these conditions efficiently provides an improvement in symptoms without instability. Computed tomography scan guided aspiration is also useful in selected cases of ACL ganglion cyst. ACL ganglion cyst and mucoid degeneration should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic knee pain and stiffness of unspecified etiology.

Diagnosis and treatment of ganglion cysts of the cruciate ligaments

To explore the diagnosis and treatment of ganglion cysts of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) of the knees. Retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with ganglion cysts of ACL and PCL as confirmed by arthroscopy and pathology. All patients were followed up at the clinic in a mean period of 2years, and their symptoms including arthralgia, swelling and interlocking of the affected knees disappeared. Normal ranges of joint motion were restored successfully. Ganglion cysts of the cruciate ligaments can easily be detected by MRI and should be arthroscopically resected, not only treated by ultrasound but also by CT-guided paracentesis. Complete resection of the cyst and cyst walls is recommended to avoid recurrence. Positive diagnosis of this disease can be improved by clinical manifestations and specific MRI findings. Trauma and chronic strain were the primary etiological factors responsible for ganglion cysts that were more common in ACL than PCL.

Large Intra-Articular Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ganglion Cyst, Presenting with Inability to Flex the Knee

A 41-year-old female presented with a 3-month history of gradually worsening anterior knee pain, swelling and inability to flex the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large intra-articular cystic swelling anterior to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), extending into the Hoffa's infrapatellar fat pad. Following manipulation under anaesthesia and arthroscopic debridement of the cyst, the patient's symptoms were relieved with restoration of normal knee motion. ACL ganglion cysts are uncommon intra-articular pathological entities, which are usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally by MRI. This is the first reported case of an ACL cyst being so large as to cause a mechanical block to knee flexion.

CT-guided aspiration of an anterior cruciate ligament ganglion cyst with mucoid degeneration: A case report

We report a symptomatic case of mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament with a ganglion cyst that was treated successfully with percutaneous CT-guided aspiration.