Antenna For Ultra-wideband Applications Research Articles

Wideband Fabric Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications using for Medical Applications

Traditional cancer detection imaging techniques suffer high costs, high false negatives, high false positives,and pain. The microwave imaging techniques overcome the limitations, which depend primarily on antenna design. If an antenna is wearable and implantable, the imaging system gives better results with less pain and cost. A wide band fabric antenna that operates at the ultra-wideband frequency with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) on breast phantom is verified. The proposed design has Jeans material as a substrate and the copper patch as a radiating element. The patch is designed in a circular shape with an M-type slot to suppress the spurious modes. The designed antenna model is commonly used for monitoring microwave imaging and has dimensions of 28X30X1.6 mm3. The proposed antenna design covers 2.3-8 GHz frequency with a broadside radiation pattern. The gain over the operating frequency is about 2.3-4.5 dB, and the efficiency is 55 %–79 %. The antenna model was designed and simulated in CST microwave studio. The performance of an antenna is tested on breast cancer to detect the presence of tumor cells in the breast. The antenna analysis on the phantom was done by considering the tumor location and corresponding results are presented. By varying the sizes of the tumor the antenna performance is analysed. The simulated SAR values of the proposed antenna design on breast phantom are under the limits of FCC.

Compact Multi-slotted Printed Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications in Medical Telemetry

In this study, the two designs of the compact microstrip patch antennas, exhibiting ultra wideband characteristics are presented. The design offers an overall bandwidth of 4.7 and 5.2 GHz with a return loss of −35dB and −40 dB, respectively. The presented designs of the antennas are targeted for applications in medical telemetry. Geometrical optimizations for the slotted rectangular patch antenna loaded with notches are carried out to enhance the bandwidth over the ultra wideband. Unlike the conventional way, the microstrip patch antenna is optimized by considering an infinite substrate. The effect of finite substrate on the bandwidth of the microstrip patch is investigated leading to better results in terms of simplicity, compact size, and bandwidth. Also, it is perceived that the partial ground plane, which is incorporated, improves the antenna’s bandwidth drastically and also the reflection coefficient. The prototype of the two presented designs is formulated by creating notches with three slots naming it to be MPA1, and the other one without slots and with only notches naming it to be MPA2 for observing the relative effect of slots and the partial ground plane on the bandwidth. A very close agreement is confirmed between the simulated and the experimental values of the reflection coefficient and the bandwidth. The maximum percentage bandwidth of 85% is attained in the case of MPA2, while a maximum gain of 2.39 dBi is achieved for MPA1, which offers flexibility to manufacturers for use.

Quad-Element MIMO Antenna with Enhanced Isolation for UWB Applications

This study proposes a quad-element MIMO antenna for ultra-wideband applications. Several design evolutions have been carried out in order to achieve a UWB impedance bandwidth and good positive gain across UWB frequency ranges. In MIMO antenna construction, the best-performing antenna design is used as a basic radiator element. S-parameters, gain, radiation pattern, and diversity performance findings are used to investigate dual and quad-element MIMO antenna designs with various layouts. As a result, the proposed quad-element MIMO antenna operates in the frequency range of 3.5-11.2 GHz with >-20dB isolation in the majority of the operating band. The ECC and DG values are both less than 0.006 and greater than 9.9, respectively, while the MEG and CCL are within acceptable ranges. The simulated findings agree well with the measured results.

Designing an E-shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra-wide Band Application using Line Feeding

This paper presents the plan and reenactment ofthe super wideband working recurrence Eshape microbandrecieving wire for different remote applications. This recievingwire will give the vital broadband in different applicationslike remote detecting, biomedical applications, portable radiosatellites, remote correspondences, and then some. This recievingwire structure gives a usable recurrence scope of 3.14-10.6 GHz,making the radio wire appropriate for the super wideband. Theperformance of the designed antenna was analysed in termsof gain, return loss, VSWR, Axial Ratio, Conjugate MatchingFactor, Antenna Efficiency, Current Distribution, Impedance ofAntenna, Radiation Pattern. The proposed recieving wire isplanned utilizing a polyimide substrate with a substrate tallnessof 1.6 mm. Axial ratio is less than 0 dB. For the frequency zeroGHz the Conjugate Matching Factor is -forty-five dB, for thefrequency four.6 GHz the Conjugate Matching Factor is zero dBand for the frequency five GHz the Conjugate Matching Factoris -five Db. For the frequency of 4.6 GHz with a return loss of-24dB .The smith chart of E Patch Antenna is 5.253+j55Ω, Theradiation efficiency at the frequency 5.65GHz is 88 per cent. TheAntenna Efficiency for the frequency 4.5 GHz is 80 %.

Low Profile Textile Flower Shaped Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications

Low Profile Textile Flower Shaped Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications

Design and Analysis of a New Fractal Compact Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications

Design and Analysis of a New Fractal Compact Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications

Measurement Engineering to Design a Truncated Ground Plane Compact Circular Ring Monopole Patch Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications

In this paper, using in-depth simulations and measurements, a simple and compact design is engineered for making a circular ring microstrip patch antenna radiating element which is suitable for different ultra wide band (UWB) applications. This design approach is different because it has not utilized the usual method of using a set of electromagnetic equations and calculations to make the radiating antenna. Measurements and simulations were performed on Microwave CST. Using this measurement engineering approach, novelty of proposed antenna structure is obtained by making the required changes in the ground plane. The measurements showed that truncating the ground plane by a square shape structure of 2.5 mm by 2.5 mm size at the feed point was practically significant to provide an impedance bandwidth \(\left( {S_{11} < - 10\;{\text{dB}}} \right)\) ranging from 2.75 to 32.035 GHz with a VSWR which is less than 2. For this entire bandwidth the directivity has shown a variation from 0.8 to 7.9 dBi. The compact size (33 mm × 28 mm × 1.57 mm), low design complexity, very high bandwidth, good directivity and satisfying VSWR has made this antenna unique among all previously presented UWB antennas.

Design of Circular Microstrip Textile Antenna for UWB Application

The proposed work illustrates the small circular wearable antenna for ultra-wide band (UWB) application. The designed work consists of a circular top patch of 15 mm radius and two square slots of dimensions 6 mm2 at center and 10 mm2 at the top of patch are created. The partial ground plane concept is used to get a wide bandwidth with a dimension of 27 mm × 50 mm. To describe the wearable applications, the light weight jean material is used as a non-conducting dielectric material with the εr of 1.7 and the substrate height of 1 mm. The designed antenna is resonating at the frequency range of 2.27 GHz to 15.18 GHz for ultra-wide band (UWB) applications. Also the bending performance of the proposed antenna is investigated at the radius of 80 mm and the angle of 0˚. The simulated and measured results of S11 parameter of the proposed antenna are below −10 dB for 2–16 GHz UWB frequency range. The group delay of antenna also is calculated and simulated values of group delay vary from 0.0473 ns to 0.4502 ns and measured 0.1217–0.9852 ns for the wide frequency band. The different antenna parameters are analyzed for this frequency band and the designed antenna is validated on VNA of 20 GHz.

Compact stepped slot antenna for ultra-wideband applications

AbstractIn this paper, a compact stepped slot antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is proposed. A very small size and UWB bandwidth operation are achieved by integrating a stepped slot in the back side of the antenna. This stepped slot is excited by using a 50 Ω-feed line in the top side of the antenna. The antenna is characterized by an impedance bandwidth between 3.05 GHz and more than 12 GHz. The dimensions of the antenna are 17 mm × 8 mm × 1.27 mm, which leads to the most compact size compared with other works in the literature. The integrated stepped slot is divided into additional elementary slots, where each elementary slot has a matching point. Adding these elementary slots allows to increase further the operating bandwidth. The radiation pattern of the compact stepped slot antenna is omnidirectional in the H-plane and bidirectional in the E-plane. The measurement results agree well with the simulated ones in terms of impedance matching and radiation pattern.

MIMO Antenna Design and Optimization with Enhanced Bandwidth for Wireless Applications

This paper demonstrates a compact MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) fractal type antenna for ultra-wide band applications. The proposed antenna is manufactured on a lowcost substrate material and the design is analyzed for various iterations in terms of reflection coefficient, gain, and bandwidth. The 50 Ω transmission line feed is used for both fractal patches and a metamaterial structure is used as the ground plane. The proposed design achieved a wide-band frequency response between 5.8 and 15 GHz, with the reflection coefficient of less than –10 dB. Reduced mutual coupling, positive gain and stable radiation patterns were observed throughout the operating band as well. The bandwidth of 9.2 GHz is achieved with the use of a metamaterial structure on the ground plane. The ECC and diversity gain obtained prove the excellent diversity performance of the antenna. The design was simulated using HFSS software and was tested in a lab.

Simulation and fabrication of a high-isolation very compact MIMO antenna for ultra-wide band applications with dual band-notched characteristics

In this paper a very compact dual band-notched two-port multiple-input multiple-output antenna with low mutual coupling is presented for portable ultra-wideband systems. This antenna with overall size 18 × 35 × 1.6 mm3, consist of two identical monopole elements which fed by two 50 Ω coplanar waveguide lines and fabricated adjacent to each other on the top side of a FR-4 substrate with shared ground plane. To reduce the mutual coupling between elements, a rectangular stub was introduced between them and then it modified to a T-shaped stub. For further reduction, a rectangular slot etched out of the connected ground plane. Due to the results, proposed antenna achieves wide impedance bandwidth at each port, from 2.3 to 12 GHz covering the whole UWB spectrum except at two eliminating bands. Although this antenna has small size and simple structure, the mutual coupling between elements is lower than −20 dB. By etching out two rectangular single complementary split-ring resonators from the radiating patch, dual band-notched characteristics are obtained in WiMAX and WLAN bands. Envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.035, nearly omnidirectional pattern, 90% radiation efficiency despite lossy substrate, high multiplexing efficiency (>−1 dB) except at two notches and peak gain near 6dBi are some other characteristics of this design.

Design and investigations of novel compact RSS antenna for ultra-wide band applications

In current scenario, many researchers are focused on antenna design with an emerging technology of ultra-wide band (UWB) applications. UWB provides many advantages such as high gain, low VSWR, minimum return loss and omni-direction radiation pattern which are best suitable for medical applications. The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has a frequency band of (3.1-10.6) GHz for this research. In this paper, a novel rectangular stair slot (RSS) antenna is proposed to achieve UWB with simple structure and compact size. The overall size of the designed antenna is 33 × 19 × 1.9 mm3 with FR4 substrate. It is fed with 50 Ω micro-strip lines with a truncated ground line. In addition, bandwidth is enhanced by introducing the step-cut in the left corner of radiating patch. The proposed antenna is simulated in Ansoft HFSS simulator. The performance of antenna is exhibited by investigating a various parameters such as return loss, VSWR, gain, directivity, impedance, group delay and radiation pattern. The designed antenna is fabricated with eleven lab and measured with the help of vector network analyser.

Design and investigations of novel compact RSS antenna for ultra-wide band applications

In current scenario, many researchers are focused on antenna design with an emerging technology of ultra-wide band (UWB) applications. UWB provides many advantages such as high gain, low VSWR, minimum return loss and omni-direction radiation pattern which are best suitable for medical applications. The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has a frequency band of (3.1-10.6) GHz for this research. In this paper, a novel rectangular stair slot (RSS) antenna is proposed to achieve UWB with simple structure and compact size. The overall size of the designed antenna is 33 × 19 × 1.9 mm3 with FR4 substrate. It is fed with 50 Ω micro-strip lines with a truncated ground line. In addition, bandwidth is enhanced by introducing the step-cut in the left corner of radiating patch. The proposed antenna is simulated in Ansoft HFSS simulator. The performance of antenna is exhibited by investigating a various parameters such as return loss, VSWR, gain, directivity, impedance, group delay and radiation pattern. The designed antenna is fabricated with eleven lab and measured with the help of vector network analyser.

A novel compact planar antenna for ultra-wideband application

ABSTRACTA novel compact antenna for ultra-wideband application is investigated and presented. The proposed structure consists of a modified patch with rectangular parasitic elements at the top, whereas a defective ground plane is etched on the flame retardant FR-4 substrate at the bottom with a 50 Ω feed line. The magnitude of S11 < −10 dB of the structure is 2.7–11 GHz which accounts for the fractional bandwidth of 121.1%. The overall volume of the structure has a compact dimension of 20 × 20 × 1.6 mm3. The gain and antenna efficiency of the structure are 3.34 dB and 79.8%, respectively. The structure exhibits stable radiations across the band of operation. Measured and simulated results of co and cross(X)-polarization are in relatively good agreement. All these properties suggest that the proposed structure finds its applications in WiMAX-band 3.5 and 5.5 GHz, WLAN-band 5.2 and 5.8 GHz, data links to satellites along with various other applications in the wireless communication field.

Improved Characteristics of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for UWBRADAR Applications

Background &amp; Objective: In this paper, a simple design of antipodal Vivaldi antenna for ultra-wideband Radar applications is presented. Methods: The antenna provided to operate across the entire UWB spectrum sins it covers a very wide frequency band from 2.43 up to 13 GHz with better return loss characteristics. In addition, the antenna offers high and flat gain in this band. The numerical designs of the antennas have been performed by using the commercially available software CST MW, which it’s printed on Taconic substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and thickness 1.6 mm. Results and Conclusion: The antenna has a compact dimension of 40 × 50 mm2 achieve satisfactory impedance matching and radiation efficiency.

Single Feed Dual Polarized Patch Antennas for Ultra-Wideband Applications

In this paper, the design of a single feed dual polarized patch antenna for ultra wideband applications is presented. The two single feed dual-polarized patch antennas are designed to operate at lower band and upper band of the ultra-wideband frequency range. These antennas together operate at the entire frequency range of ultra wideband. The designed antennas are optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The antenna prototypes are fabricated and measured. Various input and radiation parameters of the designed antennas are presented and analyzed. The bandwidth of lower band antenna is 3.15 GHz to 6.48 GHz and of the upper band antenna is 5.92 GHz to 10.6 GHz. The antennas together covers the entire frequency band of ultra-wideband that is from 3.15 GHz to 10.6 GHz. The proposed antennas are simple and easy to fabricate with low cost. The radiation patterns of the designed antenna are omnidirectional and the other parameters are acceptable as per the standards. The proposed antennas are suitable for dual polarized ultra-wideband wireless communication systems.

Fish‐shaped ultra‐wideband patch antenna with tilt‐folded patch feed

This article introduces a low-profile fish-shaped antenna for ultra-wideband applications. The proposed antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 132% (4.28 to 21 GHz) with a size of 0.199 λ L × 0.256 λ L × 0.092 λ L (where λ L is the wavelength at 4.28 GHz). By using a U-shaped slot and stepped arms on the upper patch, as well as a tilt-folded patch feed, four resonances are produced and then wide bandwidth is achieved. By introducing a shorting wall standing between the fish-shaped patch and the ground plane, the antenna size is reduced. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna provides excellent performance in different bands, meaning that acceptable gain and stable radiation patterns are obtained simultaneously.

High‐gain dual‐polarized antenna for ultrawideband applications

In this article, a high-gain and dual-polarized antenna with UWB operation is proposed. The antenna is composed of two tapered dipoles as radiating elements, which are arranged orthogonally and fed perpendicularly to achieve polarization diversity. A metallic cavity reflector is placed behind the radiator for high gain radiation entire the operating bandwidth. To validate the design method, an antenna prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed design has good performance with |S11| ≤ −10 dB and isolation ≥20 dB over a frequency band 3.2-8.8 GHz, equivalently to about 93.3%. In addition, unidirectional radiation pattern and broadside gain of from 8.1 to 11.8 dBi are obtained across the operating bandwidth.

Metamaterial inspired CPW‐fed compact antenna for ultrawide band applications

A small size, planar and co-planar waveguide fed metamaterial inspired antenna is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) application. The main radiating element consists of three split-ring resonators (SRR) and placed along one axis. Moreover, coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed line along with modified ground plane is used to improve the impedance matching. The physical size of proposed antenna is 25(W) × 22 (L) × 1.6 (H) mm3. The CPW-fed metamaterial inspired antenna provides bandwidth of 10.4 GHz from 3.1 to 13.5 GHz based on the 3:1 (voltage standing wave ratio [VSWR] <2). Over the range of UWB frequency, peak realized gain varies from 2.5 to 4 dBi. The proposed antenna provides omnidrectional radiation patterns. Further, fidelity factor of the proposed antenna is also calculated and measured. The calculated fidelity factor is suitable for UWB applications. Finally, prototype of the antenna is developed and tested using network analyzer. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.

Enhanced bandwidth reconfigurable single and dual band-notch antenna by using DGS for UWB and KU applications

In this article, a dual band notch reconfigurable antenna for ultra-wide band applications by switchable band notch characteristics is reported. The antenna includes rectangular patch with two L-shaped strips, rectangular and L-shaped slits on the ground sheet. To create much wider impedance bandwidth, slits on the ground sheet have been added. To create dual band notch characteristics, the L shaped strips on the radiating patch are connected using two PIN diodes in order to control the band rejection range. The reconfigurable antenna includes single and dual band notch 4.5–6.5 and 9–10.5 GHz. The presented antenna with final size of 12×18×1.6 mm3 is manufactured on an affordable FR-4 substrate and tested. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement.