Anonymous Responses Research Articles

Chillbot: Content Moderation in the Backchannel

Moderating online spaces effectively is not a matter of simply taking down content: moderators also provide private feedback and defuse situations before they cross the line into harm. However, moderators have little tool support for these activities, which often occur in the backchannel rather than in front of the entire community. In this paper, we introduce Chillbot, a moderation tool for Discord designed to facilitate backchanneling from moderators to users. With Chillbot, moderators gain the ability to send rapid anonymous feedback responses to situations where removal or formal punishment is too heavy-handed to be appropriate, helping educate users about how to improve their behavior while avoiding direct confrontations that can put moderators at risk. We evaluated Chillbot through a two week field deployment on eleven Discord servers ranging in size from 25 to over 240,000 members. Moderators in these communities used Chillbot more than four hundred times during the study, and moderators from six of the eleven servers continued using the tool past the end of the formal study period. Based on this deployment, we describe implications for the design of a broader variety of means by which moderation tools can help shape communities' norms and behavior.

Rehabilitation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: a survey of members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons

Surgeons disagree about whether patients should undertake home physical therapy (HPT) or formal physical therapy (FPT) after undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). Recent studies suggest that HPT is as effective as FPT, but surgeons who perform RTSA may believe that FPT continues to have a role. Our primary purpose was to describe the opinions and self-reported practices of surgeons who perform RTSA regarding prescribing physical therapy (PT) after surgery. We also sought to identify factors associated with prescription of FPT. A survey was distributed electronically from May to September 2023 to the 1076 members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons who were practicing in the United States at that time. Of these surgeons, 237 (22%) responded to the survey. Anonymous responses were collected via Qualtrics, including demographic data and information about the RTSA implant systems used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze surgeon characteristics, implant types, and rehabilitation practices. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify surgeon, procedure, and implant characteristics associated with the likelihood of FPT prescription. Because some respondents reported using multiple RTSA implant types and some did not answer implant-specific questions, a total of 225 RTSA implant types were included. Forty-six percent of respondents reported that they recommended FPT for every patient; 64% said they typically prescribe FPT. A smaller proportion of respondents who had completed a hand and upper-extremity fellowship said that they prescribed FPT compared with those who had not completed such a fellowship. However, PT prescription was not associated with any other studied characteristics, such as number of years in practice or whether the surgeon tended to repair the subscapularis. On average, respondents estimated that 92% of their patients received either FPT or HPT. Respondents also reported varying timeframes for starting PT activities after surgery. For example, 50% of respondents reported recommending passive shoulder range of motion below the shoulder level within the first postoperative week, whereas 73% recommended waiting 2-6 weeks for active shoulder range of motion below shoulder level. Most surveyed surgeons prescribe FPT and/or HPT after primary RTSA, with a slight preference for FPT. Surgical factors did not influence rehabilitation preferences. Further randomized studies to investigate the impact of PT on clinical outcomes of RTSA are needed.

A structural equation model analysis of the relationships between career indecision, sense of control, self-efficacy, rumination and depression in high school students

This study examined the links between career-decision making and mental health. Levels of career indecision, rumination, general self-efficacy, sense of control, and depression in 275 high school students were assessed. Anonymous responses to five valid and reliable scales were analysed using structural equation modelling. A conceptual model was postulated and tested for goodness of fit. The results yielded that perceived external constraints acted as a significant mediator between career indecision and depression. Ruminative brooding significantly moderated the link between career indecision and perceived external constraints. The structural equation analysis on the adjusted model demonstrated an overall good model fit. The study highlights the intricate linkages and effects between students’ career decision making, thinking patterns, perceptions of external barriers, and mental health. Levels of depression and career indecision are heightened in the present study. The mechanistic model and associated findings of the study support the necessity of providing targeted interventions for high school students that concurrently address mental health concerns alongside career-decision making, whilst also ameliorating problems associated with self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and negative thought patterns.

Gender identity in Klinefelter Syndrome: a patient-centered approach to treatment

Introduction There is increasing evidence that gender dysphoria (GD) is more prevalent in the Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) population than in males in the general population; however, the exact incidence is uncertain. The aim of this study was to further explore the prevalence of gender-related issues, the role that physical characteristics play in gender identity, and the issues surrounding Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) in KS. Methods As part of a registered Quality Improvement Project (QIP), one online 23-point questionnaire on KS patient attitudes toward gender identity was shared with members of the Klinefelter Syndrome Association (KSA). In total, 139 anonymous responses were collected between December 2021 and January 2023. The questionnaire was developed with the guidance of multiple clinicians (including gender psychiatrists, urologists, psychosexual medicine specialists, and endocrinologists) and patient Delphi rounds. Data was reviewed and analyzed by 4 independent researchers within the QIP team. Results Only 53% of KS patients responding to this survey fully identified as male and 19% stated that they did not enjoy living as the sex on their birth certificate, with 43% considering changing aspects of their physical appearance to better match their gender. Regarding HRT, 67% of respondents were receiving Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT). 63% wanted TRT and 17% wanted estrogen, including 6% of TRT users who would prefer estrogen instead. 36% that were currently receiving TRT did not identify as male, and 3 participants stated that they have GD. Conclusion These results indicate that a significant proportion of KS patients do not fully identify with the male gender and are unhappy living as the sex on their birth certificate. Although TRT worked for most, its use should be discussed carefully with those with gender identity concerns.

A Survey of Perspectives and Educational Needs of Canadian Oncology Residents on Artificial Intelligence.

This study evaluated the perspectives and educational needs of Canadian oncology residents with regard to artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, exploring the influence of factors such as program of choice, gender, and tech literacy on their attitudes towards AI. An ethics-approved survey collected anonymous responses from Canadian oncology residents from December 2022 to July 2023. Comparisons by demographics were made using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. A total of 57 residents and fellows responded out of an expected 182, with representation from each oncology training program in Canada. Over half of the participants were male (63.2%), with radiation oncology programs being better represented than medical oncology programs (68.4% vs. 31.6%). There was balanced representation across all years of training. Most trainees (73%) were interested in learning more about AI, and many believed the topic should be formally taught during residency (63%), preferably through workshops (79%). Among evaluated factors, tech literacy showed the most impact over AI perspectives, driving a perception shift towards viewing AI as an improvement tool, rather than as a threat to professionals. In conclusion, Canadian oncology residents anticipate AI's growing influence in medicine but face educational deficiencies. Gender, oncology discipline, and self-reported tech literacy impact attitudes toward AI, highlighting the need for inclusive education.

Global survey on point-of-care ultrasound (pocus) use in child surgery

PurposeTo undertake a global assessment of existing ultrasound practices, barriers to access, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) training pathways, and the perceived clinical utility of POCUS in Child Surgery.MethodsAn electronic survey was disseminated via the GICS (Global Initiative of Children’s Surgery) network. 247 anonymized responses from 48 countries were collated. 71.3% (176/247) worked in child surgery.ResultsUltrasound was critical to practice with 84% (147/176) of requesting one daily or multiple times per week. Only 10% (17/176) could access emergency ultrasound < 1 h from request. The main barrier was a lack of trained personnel. HIC surgeons were more likely to have ultrasound training (24/29; 82.8%) compared with LMICs (74/147; 50.3%) (p = .001319; CI 95%). Self-perceived POCUS competence was associated with regularity of POCUS use (p < 0.001; CI 95%). Those who already practice POCUS most commonly use it for trauma, intussusception, and ultrasound-guided procedures. Majority (90%; 159/176) of child surgeons would attend formal POCUS training if available.ConclusionsUltrasound is critically important in children’s surgery globally, however, many surgeons experience barriers to timely access. There is a strong interest in learning POCUS for relevant pediatric surgical applications. Further research is needed to evaluate the best methods of training, accreditation, and governance.

Assessing sterility techniques in bronchodilator responsiveness testing by practicing allergists in North America

BackgroundThe American Thoracic Society (ATS) has published general guidelines for sterility when testing for bronchodilator responsiveness. However, the extent to which practicing allergists implement sterility measures is currently unknown. ObjectiveThis study aims to understand the adherence to ATS guidelines for sterility among practicing allergists. MethodsA questionnaire was approved and distributed by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) in 2015 to all its members. Anonymous responses were recorded and tabulated after a 3-week period. ResultsOut of 6800 surveys sent to AAAAI members, 496 allergists participated in the survey (response rate 7.3%). Metered dose inhalers (MDI) with a spacer and nebulizers were the most common bronchodilator administration techniques as indicated by 59.35% and 58.52% of responses, respectively. While 69.25% of allergists consider their bronchodilator administration techniques to be sterile, 14.05% did not consider their administration technique to be sterile, and 16.70% were unsure. For maintaining sterility, 38.75% of responses indicated using a new disposable attachment for reused inhalers, 18.71% of responses indicated using a new inhaler for each patient, and 9.13% reported wiping inhalers with a cleaning agent. ConclusionsNearly a third of allergists practiced either unsterile measures or were unsure. To increase adherence to sterility measures among North American allergists, promoting guideline awareness and proposing updated guidelines focused on the most common bronchodilator administration techniques is essential.

Perceptions of the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship Graduates: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Leadership.

Despite increasing numbers of faculty identifying as underrepresented in medicine (URiM) over the last few decades, URiM representation in academic medicine leadership has changed little. The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine funded the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship (LTSF) to target this population and provide a framework for scholarly success. Based on responses to open-ended questions from a leadership survey, we characterize how early-career URiM family medicine faculty view leadership and assess attitudes and perceptions of leadership development. A survey, developed by survey experts from multiple institutions and consisting of multiple-choice and open-ended questions, was sent to the first two cohorts after the LTSF program. All LTSF participants identified as URiM and as early-career (5 years or less since fellowship or residency) family medicine faculty. Fellowship faculty collected anonymous survey responses through Qualtrics (Qualtrics, LLC). We conducted thematic analysis with emergent and iterative coding by two experienced qualitative researchers. All of the fellows surveyed (N=19) completed the survey. The qualitative researchers identified the following themes: leadership development (with subthemes of collaborative scholarship and request for mentoring), and barriers to leadership and scholarship (with subthemes of lack of time, lack of support, and diminished opportunities for advancement). These themes represent lessons learned from URiM faculty participating in a single faculty development fellowship. Collaborative scholarship, both as an early-career faculty need and a leadership responsibility, is a new contribution to the existing literature. While identified by URiM family medicine faculty, these themes are likely familiar to early-career faculty across all medical specialties and faculty identities. These lessons can guide senior academic leaders in preparing early-career faculty for leadership in academic medicine.

(044) AN INNOVATIVE AND NON-INVASIVE METHOD OF REDUCING PAIN UTILIZING VIBRATION DURING IUD INSERTION: PATIENT REACTIONS AND ONE PROVIDER’S APPROACH

Abstract Introduction Pain is commonly experienced during Intrauterine device (IUD) insertion and a possible barrier to this form of contraception. Pharmacological methods and non-pharmacological techniques are available to reduce pain during this procedure, but the efficacy varies on a case-by-case basis and data is conflicting regarding doses. Additional techniques are needed to increase the likelihood of a more patient centered approach to address pain experienced during IUD placement. Objective The purpose of the current project is to describe exploratory use of vibration and propose it as an innovative pain management technique during IUD insertion. Methods Recognizing that the umbilicus and the distal third of the vagina are embryologically connected, the current clinician hypothesized that external vibration applied to the umbilicus by a patient during IUD placement may reduce pain. Starting in 2017 external umbilical vibration was added to a previously established list of pain reduction options available during IUD placement at one clinical practice. Patients were consulted prior to IUD insertion and the list of multiple options discussed as part of regular practice. Patients and the provider determined the methods of pain reduction that best fit the individual patient’s needs based on their previous experiences, apprehension, and other concerns related to the procedure. Clinician observation and recall of response and reactions following the use of vibration will be shared. Results A detailed description of the umbilical vibration technique will be provided. Provider recall and summary of anonymous patient responses will be discussed, as well as the possible implications for gynecological care. Verbal and non-verbal responses from patients who elected to use umbilical vibration, or a combination of umbilical vibration and other techniques, to reduce pain have been overwhelmingly positive. No negative experiences with this non-invasive technique have occurred. Conclusions Umbilical vibration may serve as an effective, low-cost option to reduce pain during IUD placement. Providers considering this technique should be comfortable discussing vibration and open to this type of patient centered care. Umbilical vibration as a pain reduction technique for IUD insertion could be utilized in a trauma informed practice. A more in-depth study to further explore the intricacies of this technique is in preparation. Disclosure No.

A survey on the management practices of graves’ disease by Egyptian physicians and a comparison to similar reports from USA, Italy, China, and Brazil

BackgroundGraves’ disease is the commonest cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine replete areas. Following universal salt iodization, most Egyptians are considered iodine sufficient. The present study aims to report a survey of real-life practices in the management of graves’ disease among Egyptian physicians and compare them to other similar reports.MethodsAn online survey was sent to members and affiliates of Alexandria thyroid association. Egyptian physicians were surveyed about initial diagnostics workup, management of an index case of uncomplicated graves’ disease not desiring pregnancy. Two modified scenarios were proposed to the index case to survey the impact on treatment preferences. Anonymous responses were collected, analyzed, presented, and compared to other published similar reports.ResultsSixty-eight participated out of 120 invited physicians (56.67%). Initial workup included TSH receptor antibodies 46/68 (67. 6%), thyroid ultrasound 45/68 (66.2%), and thyroid scintigraphy 25/68 (36.8%). Treatment preferences in the index case were antithyroid drugs (ATD’s) 52/68 (76.5%), radioiodine 12/68 (17.5%), and surgery 4/68 (6%). Compared to other reports, treatment preferences were almost identical to Italian ones, ATD’s (77.1%), radioiodine (16.2%), and surgery (4.5%). If the patient is complicated with graves’ orbitopathy, treatment preferences would change into ATD’s 37/67 (55%), radioiodine 1/67 (2%), radioiodine with corticosteroids 14/67 (21%), and surgery 15/67 (22%). If the patient is desiring pregnancy, treatment preferences would be ATD’s 32/68 (47%), radioiodine 5/68 (7.4%), and surgery 31/68 (45.6%).ConclusionA high participation rate was observed. Similar to other reports, medical treatment is the preferred modality of treatment in graves’ disease and surgery is the least utilized modality. Similar treatment preferences to Italians were observed in the index case.

AI in oncology: Resident perspectives by gender and tech literacy.

9055 Background: The integration of AI and ML in oncology demands that physicians adapt and grasp the basics for responsible use. We evaluated AI knowledge and perspectives among Canadian oncology residents, noting differences by program, gender, and tech literacy, and pinpointing education gaps. Methods: An ethics-approved survey collected anonymous responses from Canadian oncology residents, analyzing gender, program, and tech skills. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabs, and chi-square tests assessed associations; t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests compared groups. Results: A total of 57 (31%) residents and fellows, out of an estimated 182, participated, with representation from each oncology training program in Canada. Most of participants were male (63.2%) and most participants self-identified as white (42.1%) or Asian (22.8%). RO programs were better represented than MO programs (68.5% vs 31.6%) with balanced representation across all years of training. In our survey, women equally favored Medical Oncology (MO) and Radiation Oncology (RO) at 50%, but were more in MO (55.6%) than RO (26.3%). Men preferred RO (77.8%) over MO (22.2%). Tech literacy showed a gender gap, with more men (91.7%) feeling tech-savvy than women (8.3%). Tech-savvy respondents leaned towards RO (84%) and were younger (30 vs 33 years). They also showed more willingness to use AI, with a significant difference in willingness scores (1.52 vs 2.06). Despite gender not influencing AI attitudes significantly, tech literacy correlated with better AI understanding. High awareness of AI in medicine was reported (91.2%), with a strong belief in AI's future prevalence (96%). The majority were willing to use AI (86%) and recognized the need to understand it (74%). RO participants were more inclined towards AI education and usage than MO counterparts. The study highlighted a significant interest in AI learning (73%), with a preference for workshops (79%). Only 29% could describe AI, indicating a gap in AI education, despite 63% acknowledging its importance in training. Formal AI training was rare (12.3%), with a desire for more education, especially among RO residents. All findings had p&lt;0.05. Conclusions: Canadian oncology residents anticipate AI's growing influence in medicine but face educational deficiencies. Gender, program preference, and tech literacy impact attitudes toward AI, highlighting the need for inclusive education to bridge gaps and foster diversity in AI's medical application.

Rethinking time in preparing for and reflecting on teaching: Pedagogical partnership with student consultants as empowering educational development

How faculty choose&amp;mdash;or feel compelled&amp;mdash;to spend time on preparing for&amp;nbsp;and reflecting on their teaching is influenced both by capitalist notions of&amp;nbsp;efficiency and productivity and by human, relationship-focused conceptions&amp;nbsp;of growth. The educational development opportunities that faculty&amp;nbsp;are offered at the intersection of these influences can foster self-directed,&amp;nbsp;meaningful, and empowering ways to conceptualize and use time. This&amp;nbsp;article reports on a study that aimed to deepen understanding of how&amp;nbsp;faculty think about, experience, and make choices about time during and&amp;nbsp;after participating in a particular form of educational development: one-on-one pedagogical partnership with liminally positioned student consultants.&amp;nbsp;Anonymous survey responses revealed that, while participating in&amp;nbsp;this form of educational development, faculty experienced pedagogical&amp;nbsp;partnership as a useful/practical way to spend time, as a source of insights&amp;nbsp;into the student perspective on and experience of time, as inspiration to&amp;nbsp;use time to center student learning, and as a worthwhile investment of&amp;nbsp;time to grow as reflective practitioners. Survey responses showed that,&amp;nbsp;after participating in this form of educational development, faculty carried&amp;nbsp;forward new understandings of the importance of spending time outside&amp;nbsp;of class reflecting on teaching, of feeling more confident and capable in&amp;nbsp;planning for teaching, of using time differently in class, and of continuing&amp;nbsp;to invest time in revising their sense of self as a teacher in meaningful&amp;nbsp;learning relationships with students. The article concludes with recommendations&amp;nbsp;for educational developers who wish to support faculty in&amp;nbsp;rethinking time through creating or expanding opportunities to participate&amp;nbsp;in student-faculty pedagogical partnerships.

“You Guys Are Smaller!”: “Talking Back” to Microaggressions Through Poetic Inquiry

This article examines collective dialogues surrounding the confrontation of microaggressions through a unique combination of autoethnographic poetry and found poetry. Focused on my personal encounters as an Asian woman in academia, a mother of three young children, and an international employee residing in the United States, the autoethnographic poems serve as a platform for shared reflection and exploration. Following the sharing of these poems to undergraduate students, I invited their anonymous responses via a Padlet page, from which I crafted found poetry. By juxtaposing these two forms of poetic inquiry, this study aims to challenge dominant narratives, restore agency, and underscore the humanity and dignity of marginalized individuals. Furthermore, this article delves into methodological insights regarding the use of poetic inquiry as a catalyst for collective dialogic healing and transformative action. I seek to foster empathy, understanding, healing, and actionable change in the face of microaggressions.

What patients with cancer think about the dehospitalization. A survey of Cipomo.

Ministerial Decrete 77 (DM 77) promotes dehospitalization for chronic patients and defines out-of-hospital health facilities at this purpose. It has never been investigated how much patients with cancer know and judge this decree law. The Collegio italiano dei primari oncologi medici ospedalieri (Cipomo) carried out a survey with a dedicated questionnaire on oncological patients attending public hospital to investigate the liking of DM 77. Anonymous responses were obtained from 1.443 patients. Median age 64ys, 42% males, 21% live alone, 70% have a companion. 19% thinks that oral chemotherapy could be managed outside the hospital, 26.68% carried out follow-up (FU),19.15% parenteral therapy, 32.16% basic examinations. Home is preferred by 21.8%, a health facility close to home by 36.3%, hospital by 37.54%. 59.67% would like FU in hospital by their personal oncologist, 5.47% by GP, 35.41% by both together and 9.45% by oncologist outside the hospital. Asked what they might feel about being followed out of the hospital, 29.94% say of not being treated at its best, 12.68% of not being able to be visited in hospital anymore, 5.27% of being abandoned, 30.7% of being freer and 10.88% of feeling less sick. Regarding the use of new technical tools to favor dehospitalisation, 44.15% answered yes, 15.88% no and 30.07% did not know. About the distance or traveling time from home to the therapy administration side, 20.26% answered this should be no more than 15 km or 30 mins, 9.91% no more than 30 km or 45 mins, 5.47% no more than 50 km or 60 mins but 39.5% say that the distance does not matter to them but only the continuity of care. The question related to the inconveniences with going to hospital for therapy: 40.81% waiting time, 20.47% lack of parking, 17.02% rotation of doctors,12.76% travel time and 5.62% bureaucracy. The patients' answers suggest that dehospitalization could improve their quality of life, but at the condition of being able to maintain a close relationship with the personal oncologist.

Exploring Medical Student Experiences With Direct Observation During the Pediatric Clerkship.

Direct observation (DO) enables assessment of vital competencies, such as clinical skills. Despite national requirement that medical students experience DOs during each clerkship, the frequency, length, quality, and context of these DOs are not well established. This study examines the quality, quantity, and characteristics of DOs obtained during pediatrics clerkships across multiple institutions. This multimethod study was performed at 6 U.S.-based institutions from March to October 2022. In the qualitative phase, focus groups and/or semistructured interviews were conducted with third-year medical students at the conclusion of pediatrics clerkships. In the quantitative phase, the authors administered an internally developed instrument after focus group discussions or interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and quantitative data were analyzed using anonymous survey responses. Seventy-three medical students participated in 20 focus groups, and 71 (97.3%) completed the survey. The authors identified 7 themes that were organized into key principles: before, during, and after DO. Most students reported their DOs were conducted primarily by residents (62 [87.3%]) rather than attendings (6 [8.4%]) in inpatient settings. Participants reported daily attending observation of clinical reasoning (38 [53.5%]), communication (39 [54.9%]), and presentation skills (58 [81.7%]). One-third reported they were never observed taking a history by an inpatient attending (23 [32.4%]), and one-quarter reported they were never observed performing a physical exam (18 [25.4%]). This study revealed that students are not being assessed for performing vital clinical skills in the inpatient setting by attendings as frequently as previously believed. When observers set expectations, create a safe learning environment, and follow up with actionable feedback, medical students perceive the experience as valuable; however, the DO experience is currently suboptimal. Therefore, a high-quality, competency-based clinical education for medical students is necessary to directly drive future patient care by way of a competent physician workforce.

Virtual communities of practice for novice occupational therapists: a vehicle for learning, support and professional identity strengthening?

Healthcare practitioners delivering services in rural and underserved areas need timely access to appropriate knowledge to optimise the care they deliver. Novice generalist occupational therapists in South Africa experience this need as they respond to a high demand for hand therapy. Embedded within a study aimed at identifying their support and development needs, this article describes participants' experience of a virtual community of practice. A qualitative case study design was employed. Nine occupational therapists participated in a virtual community of practice that met fortnightly for meetings and interacted on WhatsApp. Data were collected through photo elicitation, facilitated reflection, and case discussions. An online survey questionnaire was used to evaluate participants' experience of this virtual community. Thematic analysis was applied to the anonymous responses submitted by participants (n=7). A number of strategies were employed to ensure the trustworthiness of results including prolonged engagement, member checking, peer examination, reflexive reading and writing, triangulation, and a dense description of participants to enable readers to evaluate the transferability of results. Three themes were generated from analysis. The first theme, versatile support, describes participants' experience of being helped and supported, appreciating the immediacy of support, and being able to share resources. A vehicle for learning captures participants' experience of mutual learning, opportunity to reflect, to acquire knowledge and skills, and develop their clinical reasoning. Finally, the community of practice was grounding: learning opportunities were contextually relevant and participants were able to consolidate their professional values and identity. Participants raised the importance of using online platforms that were accessible, recommended a group size of 5-10 members, and proposed 60-90-minute meetings held weekly or fortnightly. A virtual community of practice provided both support and professional development opportunities for therapists delivering hand therapy. Careful planning and implementation to upscale this intervention are recommended for rehabilitation personnel delivering care to underserved communities in South Africa. The logistics of virtual communities need to mitigate for connectivity difficulties, and online platforms should enable real-time support. Participant satisfaction and the evaluation of implementation outcomes should be considered in the design of virtual communities of practice.

Information Sharing in Neurosurgery Topics Among Pediatric Patients and Loved Ones Within the Reddit Community.

Introduction With crowd-sourced knowledge, patients arrive at their healthcare visits ready to play an active role. This exploratory study seeks to understand common concerns among patients and loved ones on Reddit, an anonymous internet forum. Ultimately, recognizing common concerns can aid providers in directing their conversations with patients. Methods Reddit posts in the "hot" tab of each subreddit were retroactively screened from September 1, 2022. Posts written within a five-year period were included. Posts by pediatric patients, loved ones, and pregnant patients experiencing the condition or whose fetus was diagnosed were included. Posts omitting the poster's age or individuals, outside of loved ones, who self-identified as over the age of 17 were excluded. Results A total of 12 subreddits and 286 posts were identified, with 37% of posts written by patientsand 63% of posts written by a loved one. R/scoliosis patients (n=29) and r/epilepsy loved ones (n=28) sought the most health advice. The subreddit r/hydrocephalus comprised the most post-operative treatment symptom questions. The r/cerebralpalsy subreddit sought the most advice related to daily activities. Discussion Patients within r/scoliosis, r/hydrocephalus, and r/epilepsy are asking health-related questions. Hydrocephalus patients utilize anonymous internet responses to prepare for upcoming healthcare visits. Individuals in r/cerebralpalsy are utilizing Reddit as a method of communication; understanding how these patients interact with social media can guide software development tailored for online interactions. The anonymity of Reddit prevents us from understanding the diversity of posters. Conclusion Reddit is an avenue to disseminate correct information to pediatric patients and loved ones. Healthcare providers can use the information gathered to tailor their discussions better.

Assessment of sustainability awareness and practice in a campus community

PurposeThis research paper aims to evaluate the sustainability knowledge and background of students, staff and faculty regarding current university sustainability practices and individual behaviors at Central Michigan University (CMU); to compare sustainability background and knowledge based on academic discipline of enrollment or employment; and to assess sustainability awareness and interest of the campus community to guide future sustainability initiatives and resources at CMU.Design/methodology/approachAn electronic cross-sectional survey was used to collect anonymous responses through Qualtrics, and then results were analyzed through SPSS. Analyses were performed based on the academic structures at CMU.FindingsThis research has found that students in STEM fields are more inclined to have pro-sustainability attitudes, knowledge and behaviors, compared to those studying the arts and business. Additionally, results indicate that there is a significant difference in knowledge between the students, and the staff and faculty respondents regarding sustainability knowledge and application, with the staff and faculty consistently demonstrating more pro-sustainability knowledge and behavior.Originality/valueWhile research has previously been conducted on sustainability attitudes and behaviors, this research is unique because it ties sustainability knowledge to academic discipline. Additionally, it serves to gauge which sustainability programs and topics members of the campus community are most interested in, and which areas they are most willing to support.

The impact of COVID-19 on school nursing: A qualitative survey of stressors faced by school nurses.

As students returned to school, school nurses were responsible for infection control, communication, and the preparation of supplies and facilities. School nurses in the Pacific Northwest US demonstrated a higher prevalence of mental health symptoms in the years since the pandemic began, suggesting that their experience may have been unique. This study aimed to explore the stressors of school nurses in the Pacific Northwest at two time points. This study is a qualitative, descriptive analysis of anonymous survey responses collected in June of 2021 (n=333) and between October and December 2021 (n=284). Self-identifying school nurses working in K-12 schools in Washington State were invited to participate. Participants completed open-ended survey questions designed to elicit their experiences during the pandemic. Four themes emerged from the data: (1) isolation from administration and the school community, (2) COVID-19-related workload, (3) disorganized and inconsistent communication, and (4) concern for students, themselves, and others. School nurses played a vital public health role during the pandemic. However, their effectiveness may not have been fully utilized and sometimes undermined. Lastly, our findings highlight the difficulties encountered in implementing the changing scientific and public health guidance during the pandemic.

Survey of collaboration supporting students who are deaf and hard of hearing.

Collaboration between teachers of students who are deaf and hard of hearing (TSDHH) and educational audiologists is essential when developing successful, comprehensive service delivery plans for students who are deaf and hard of hearing. Despite the importance, little is known about how these two professions work together. This study sought to describe the current state of collaboration between educational audiologists and TSDHH and to explore the barriers and facilitators to this collaboration. Anonymous survey responses from 752 educational audiologists and TSDHH showed that collaboration is considered valuable and is occurring frequently, via a variety of formats and despite significant barriers. More research is needed to understand how efforts to minimize barriers to collaboration might improve the quality of collaboration and ultimately impact the success of student support.