Anonymous Objects Research Articles

Why the anonymous and everyday objects are important: using the Science Museum’s collections to re-write the history of vision aids

The history of nineteenth-century spectacles and eyeglasses is unusual in the extent to which it has incorporated objects and material evidence. However, both collectors and historians have favoured the pristine object or the object with noteworthy providence at the expense of more utilitarian frames. By drawing upon my experience as a Collaborative Doctoral Partnership (CDP) student at the Science Museum, this article reflects on how large anonymous and primarily uncatalogued collections can be fruitfully used in historical research. By case-studying the retail and design of vision aids, it argues that everyday or anonymous objects – the broken, scratched, un-named – are a valuable historical source. It highlights the usefulness of material culture for exploring the experiences of use or of users that otherwise leave little trace and proposes how problems of interpretation can be overcome through the study of a range of additional sources: business records, trade catalogues, advertising material, imagery, popular literature and medical literature. Whilst researching an anonymous collection is labour-intensive, the material evidence of utilitarian and noteworthy spectacles and eyeglasses allowed the experience of nineteenth-century vision aid wear and vision testing to be fully explored and communicated to both an academic and non-academic audience.

Temporal Minimal-World Query Answering over Sparse ABoxes

AbstractOntology-mediated query answering is a popular paradigm for enriching answers to user queries with background knowledge. For querying the absence of information, however, there exist only few ontology-based approaches. Moreover, these proposals conflate the closed-domain and closed-world assumption and, therefore, are not suited to deal with the anonymous objects that are common in ontological reasoning. Many real-world applications, like processing electronic health records, also contain a temporal dimension and require efficient reasoning algorithms. Moreover, since medical data are not recorded on a regular basis, reasoners must deal with sparse data with potentially large temporal gaps. Our contribution consists of two main parts: In the first part, we introduce a new closed-world semantics for answering conjunctive queries (CQs) with negation over ontologies formulated in the description logic $${\mathcal E}{\mathcal L}{{\mathcal H}_ \bot }$$ , which is based on the minimal canonical model. We propose a rewriting strategy for dealing with negated query atoms, which shows that query answering is possible in polynomial time in data complexity. In the second part, we extend this minimal-world semantics for answering metric temporal CQs with negation over the lightweight temporal logic and obtain similar rewritability and complexity results.

A generalization model for multi-record privacy preservation

Privacy preservation becomes a more and more serious problem in data publication, which has drawn dramatic attention in research and development. Recently, several privacy preservation models and algorithms have been proposed for publishing data. However, most of the previous methods suffer from more than one drawback as follows: (i) Could not be used on multi-record datasets. (ii) Only guarantee one-way generalization. (iii) User privacy preferences are ignored. In order to satisfy higher privacy requirements and make it suitable for multi-record publishing datasets, a bidirectional personalized generalization (BP-generalization) model is proposed as a new solution in this paper. The rational is to focus anonymous objects on both relational and set-valued information. First, we merge tuples with the same attribute values in multi-record datasets to ensure the validity of quasi-identifier anonymity. Second, by enforcing l-diversity on equivalence groups and k-anonymity on fingerprint buckets respectively, privacy preservation model may resist bi-directional chain attack. Finally, a new hierarchical generalization strategy is also proposed for personal privacy preservation of sensitive attributes, then different generalization rules can be adopted for different levels of sensitive values. Extensive experimental results on two datasets show that the performance of our method is better than state-of-art techniques in terms of efficiency and information loss.

RDF-based signature algorithms for computing differences of IFC models

The capability to accurately detect changes between successive versions of the IFC representation of a BIM model would enable the development of generic change management functionalities for construction projects. Unfortunately, IFC models consist mostly of anonymous objects without stable identities; therefore the computation of differences between versions is complicated. When IFC models are converted into an RDF representation, the uniform graph structure offers new algorithmic opportunities. We study how to assign unique and stable identities to anonymous nodes based on signatures generated from their graph environment, and present the Short Paths Crossings Algorithm (SPCA) that computes sets of paths with limited length from anonymous nodes taking into account their crossings. Empirical tests show that SPCA produces significantly smaller difference sets for IFC-derived graphs than previous algorithms for RDF change detection.

Cultural Tourism in Cultural Corridors, Itineraries, Areas and Cores Networked

Cultural Corridors are essential for the development of cultural tourism. Cultural heritage outside corridors formed powerful cores and areas in Bulgaria's territory that can work in network and wedge to European corridors. This will be implemented in full interaction, complementary actions and will be sought synergy, innovation, preservation of culture and spirituality. This concept is illustrated on the basis of several examples. Regional network of cultural tourism products integrating cultural, tourist and travel information infrastructure for cultural itineraries will create conditions for flexible regulation of tourist flows. Instead of limited number of incremental tourist destinations that overload the main cultural sites it will be offered networks of related thematic destinations. They will evenly distribute tourist flows satisfying tourist interest in full range of cultural objects and will express the cultural identity of the territories. These tourism products will be thematic, organized around certain recurrent themes related to the topics of European cultural itineraries. In this way they get clear European dimensions and will be integrated into the European network. This is the chance an anonymous object to receive European value associated with the relevant topic. It will be stimulated new ideas and tools for innovation in consumption of heritage that is a challenge in the context of local socio-economic and cultural development. In these cores and areas of cultural heritage, natural monuments, ecosystems and collections of art, traditions and crafts can be formed also tourism clusters improving local economy and supporting entrepreneurship.

A capacidade comunicativa do objeto anônimo

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre os objetos de design anônimo sob a perspectiva analítica da semiótica. Partindo das contribuições desenvolvidas na Itália sobre o design anônimo e sobre a história do design, especialmente por Eco (1982) e Bassi (2007), recupera a hipótese, sugerida por Eco, de que os objetos de design anônimo comunicam de forma sintética e eficaz não apenas o que fazem, mas como devem ser usados . Sustenta-se que é precisamente essa característica que distingue os objetos anônimos das produções em massa. Por fim, por meio de uma comparação entre dois objetos à primeira vista idênticos, um anônimo e uma cópia de baixa qualidade, procura-se mostrar a relação entre a configuração do objeto – as relações entre as partes que o compõem – e as comunicações de uso.

The Equivalence of Reduction and Translation Semantics of Java Simple Closures

FGCJ is a minimal core calculus that extends Featherweight Generic Java, FGJ, with lambda expressions for Java Simple Closures. It has been introduced to study, in a reduction semantics framework, properties of Java Simple Closures, including type safety and abstraction property. F is a source-to-source, translation rule system from Java 1.5 extended with lambda expressions, back to ordinary Java 1.5. It has been introduced to study, in a translation semantics framework, the design and the implementation features of lambda expressions, including simple closures, this transparency, not local variables and relations with anonymous class objects. In this paper we prove that the reduction semantics and the translation semantics commute in FGACJ. Where FGACJ is a minimal core calculus that extends FGCJ, by adding Java interfaces and anonymous class objects and that allows a restricted definition of translation semantics F.

Analysis of Deterministic Tracking of Multiple Objects Using a Binary Sensor Network

Let consider a set of anonymous moving objects to be tracked in a binary sensor network. This article studies the problem of associating deterministically a track revealed by the sensor network with the trajectory of an unique anonymous object, namely the multiple object tracking and identification (MOTI) problem. In our model, the network is represented by a sparse connected graph where each vertex represents a binary sensor and there is an edge between two sensors if an object can pass from one sensed region to another one without activating any other sensor. The difficulty of MOTI lies in the fact that the trajectories of two or more objects can be so close that the corresponding tracks on the sensor network can no longer be distinguished (track merging), thus confusing the deterministic association between an object trajectory and a track. The article presents several results. We first show that MOTI cannot be solved on a general graph of ideal binary sensors even by an omniscient external observer if all the objects can freely move on the graph. Then we describe restrictions that can be imposed a priori either on the graph, on the object movements, or on both, to make the MOTI problem always solvable. In the absence of an omniscient observer, we show how our results can lead to the definition of distributed algorithms that are able to detect when the system is in a state where MOTI becomes unsolvable.

Sweat: A Memory of Waste

Sweat: A Memory of Waste

Comments on Handling Objects in Spreadsheets

This note discusses a framework for handling objects of a given object oriented library through spreadsheet functions. We first describe the simple and natural representation of object references through strings (object handles). A small set of spreadsheet functions then allows object instantiation and method invocation. Based on this framework we discuss various aspects, e.g., how to ensure consistent object dependency via the spreadsheet cell dependency tree, how to mimic anonymous objects, and how to implement concurrency (asynchronous worksheet functions).The concepts discussed here are implemented in an Excel object handler for Java libraries called Obba, which can be viewed as a reference implementation of the proposed API.

From Ethnographic Object to Modernist Icon: Photographs of African and Oceanic Sculpture and the Rhetoric of the Image

Photographs of African and Oceanic sculpture performing under both artistic and documentary guise are examined in this article for the rhetoric of the image, the embedded messages and significations that inflect the way one reads and understands photographs. Unraveling the complex process through which conventional, anonymous object photographs of African and Oceanic sculptures gave way to self-consciously artistic compositions in the first decades of the twentieth century, this study elucidates the way in which these images functioned in the promotion of non-Western objects as modern art within an epochal shift in modernist aesthetics. This investigation into competing notions of a corresponding photographic aesthetic that arose provides new insights into the symbiotic relationship between and among galleries, museums and photographers in advancing modernist strategies of representation and the manner in which non-Western sculpture was transformed from artifact to art to fit this paradigm. The trajectory explored here from anonymous object photographs reproduced in publications such as Carl Einstein's Negerplastik (1915) to modernist images of African and Oceanic art by photographers Charles Sheeler (1883–1965), Man Ray (1890–1976) and Walker Evans (1903–1975) reveals how conventions and understandings of the medium and the context in which photographs were seen have inflected interpretations of both the images and the objects rendered.

The influence of gestational age on depressive reactions, stress and anxiety of pregnant women and their partners in relation to prenatal diagnosis

Prenatal diagnosis is usually performed in the early weeks of gestation in order to avoid medical and emotional maternal risks in the event of fetal malformation. This study examines emotions such as depression, stress and anxiety in pregnant women and their partners with regard to the week of gestation in which the prenatal diagnosis was made.In total, 452 pregnant women (between 7 and 40 weeks' gestation) and 274 partners participated in this study. The pregnant women were divided into four groups of 113 subjects each according to length of pregnancy (group 1 = 7-75 weeks' gestation, group 2 = 16-18 weeks' gestation, group 3 = 19-23 weeks' gestation and group 4 = 24-40 weeks' of gestation). Depression, stress and Spielberger state-trait anxiety levels were measured before the prenatal examination, and stress and state anxiety were assessed after prenatal examination. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA).After the prenatal examination, the mean values of state anxiety (p = 0.032) and stress (p = 0.030) showed statistically significant differences in the pregnant women. Their partners only showed statistically significant differences in the stress values (p = 0.048) after examination.In conclusion, emotional stress related to the prenatal diagnosis seems to be largely independent of gestational age. Ultrasound scans give the parents-to-be a clearer image of their unborn child, as their perception of the fetus is transformed from that of an anonymous object into an individual.

Survey of late-type and irregular southern galaxies on plates taken with the UK 1.2-m Schmidt telescope. IV

view Abstract Citations (4) References (19) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Survey of late-type and irregular southern galaxies on plates taken with the UK 1.2-m Schmidt telescope. IV Corwin, H. G., Jr. ; de Vaucouleurs, A. ; de Vaucouleurs, G. Abstract The completion of a survey of late-type and irregular southern galaxies, based on 148 UK 1.2-m Schmidt film copies or plates and covering the interval from the south pole to Dec. = -22 deg, presents morphological types, luminosity classes, and inner and outer diameters for 500 galaxies of type Scd and later along with some peculiar and irregular systems. Tabulations are given of data for (1) 83 objects in the Second Reference Catalog of Bright Galaxies and (2) 417 other, mostly anonymous objects, as well as (3) a finding list of the 1269 galaxies catalogued in previous papers of this series, including 65 anonymous late-type objects having outer diameters greater than 5 arcmin, of which some are partly resolved dwarf systems. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: January 1982 DOI: 10.1086/113082 Bibcode: 1982AJ.....87...47C Keywords: Astronomical Catalogs; Galactic Structure; Schmidt Telescopes; Southern Sky; Galactic Evolution; Luminosity; Photographic Plates; Tables (Data); Astronomy full text sources ADS |

Cygnids and Taurids-Two Classes of Infrared Objects

In a study of the anonymous objects from the IRC Survey, we have found that about 10 percent have large long wave excesses. These infrared stars seem to belong to two classes, one group like NML Cygni (Cygnids) and the other like NML Tauri (Taurids).

The Depot in Aix and Archival Sources for France Outre-Mer

In October 1966 the Depot des Archives d'Outre-Mer was inaugurated at Aix-en-Provence. The rapid disintegration of the French colonial empire between 1958 and 1961 created this depository, when nearly a thousand tons of official papers were quickly repatriated from French governor-generalships in Africa and Asia. Far from being a simple reflection of the materials already held by the central colonial ministry in Paris, they were the essential complement of that collection. Their presence under one roof in France has been a windfall for scholars. While these overseas records are, of course, valuable to historians concerned with, for instance, Senegal or India, they are even more a part of the history of France. The importance of this distinction is confirmed by the French government's adoption of a policy of dividing local colonial with the successor states when they achieved independence. The French left behind a quantity of documents as great or greater than that which they took to Europe. What the French removed and have now made available at Aix, subject to the fifty-year rule, are the archives of sovereignty. This choice has ensured that these documents would be, by and large, the products of men from France itself, who went out, often temporarily, as administrators, soldiers, or judges to participate in their nation's share of European colonial expansion during the century and a quarter after 1830. Until 1918 at least, which is the present open-date, the indigene figures in these records chiefly as the anonymous object of colonial administration; and the locally born French citizen of European descent, even when he was numerous as in Algeria, plays a secondary role, since in no French colony was he being groomed for an eventual assumption of full political power. In general, the French retained for themselves official files that

The Rotating Credit Association: A "Middle Rung" in Development

The building up of a variety of institutions, serving the purpose of promoting individual savings, and organizing them and making them fruitful to the saver and to the community, should be given a high priority in every development plan. To be effective, the institutions have to be adapted to different individual needs and possibilities and must fit into the community patterns; they must aim at encouraging planned and "goal-directed" savings. Even if, at least in the beginning, the financial results would not constitute more than a trickle of new capital disposal, the effects in rationalizing attitudes and mobilizing ambitions might be crucially important. --Gunnar Myrdal, in An International Economy (p. 360)