Annual Trips Research Articles

A spatial statistical approach to estimate bus stop demand using GIS-processed data

This study integrates the fields of geography, urban transit planning, and statistical learning to develop a sophisticated methodology for predicting bus demand at the stop level. It uses a Generalized Additive Model that captures non-linear relationships and incorporates spatial dependence, improving traditional methods. It showcases a high predictive capacity with a pseudo R-squared of 0.79 during its validation, ensuring substantial explanatory power for new observations. A large number of variables, including land-use characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and transit supply, are analysed. These widely available predictors facilitate the transferability of the methodology to other urban areas. Transit supply predictor considers the number of annual trips per stop and area as well as the location of stops along the lines that serve them. GIS processing of the data allows the calculation of variables within the areas of influence of each stop, obtained by following the walkable street network. For the case study, the presence of universities, hospitals, and lodgings areas, as well as inhabitants and ratio of bus trips show a positive impact on bus demand. This geo-analysis process employs accurate disaggregated data, such as information on uses in each building, as well as methods for assigning socioeconomic information from local areas to residential buildings. This study highlights the complex relationship between the location of transit network stops, both along the bus line and in terms of geographical proximity, their transit supply, and its surrounding factors. The results indicate that there is spatial dependence for stops less than 1.15 km apart. The developed methodology provides reliable information to transit network planners for decision making. Specifically, this proposed methodology can contribute to designing new routes, optimizing stop locations, and estimating the impact of changes in the transit network or urban planning on bus demand. All these improvement measures promote sustainable urban mobility, consequently fostering environmental and social benefits.

Bikeshare–Metrorail Integration in Washington, D.C.: What are the Characteristics of Neighborhoods that Encourage Capital Bikeshare Trips to and from the Metrorail?

Bikeshare has gained popularity worldwide and can serve as a first mile/last mile feeder for public transport. In many bikeshare systems, docking stations near a metrorail station are popular trip origins and destinations and bikeshare can help increase the ridership of the metrorail system as well. The goal of this study is to identify the determinants of bikeshare trips between neighborhood stations and bikeshare docking stations near the metrorail in Washington, D.C. For this study, we divided the bikeshare stations in Washington, D.C., into two categories: docking stations near a metrorail station (defined as bikeshare docking stations within a quarter mile radius of metrorail stations) and neighborhood stations (bikeshare docking stations outside the quarter mile radius of metrorail stations). We used two stepwise linear regression models of bikeshare trips between neighborhoods and metrorail stations stratifying the analysis by the determinants of neighborhood docking stations into four categories: socio-demographic conditions, transportation related, land use, and points of interests. In the backward elimination model, expanding the bike trail supply by an additional 100 m was associated with an increase in 70 annual bikeshare trips between a neighborhood station and a docking station near the metrorail. The forward selection model showed that a 1% increase in the poverty rate of the neighborhood stations was associated with 52 fewer annual such bikeshare trips. This study also found that adding bikeshare docking stations near national parks and neighborhoods with higher population density can promote bikeshare that starts/ends near metrorail stations.

Motorcycle Police Training and Service Vehicle Development in Hungary


 The history of the police motorcycle service is almost 100 years old, dating back to the Horthy era in the mid-1920s in Hungary. A turbulent history has interrupted his development several times, but he has remained continuous. Staffing levels peaked in the 1990s, and technology has developed rapidly, focused, and strongly since 2017. As a result, effective implementation of the service's mission system will depend on training development that can move at a pace with technical development and deliver systemic results in implementing missions. In this article, the author examined the use of police personnel authorised to drive specialised motorcycles, their main functions and the determination of the seasonal mileage. A questionnaire survey of motorcycle police officers enrolled in the Basic Motorcycle Training and License Renewal Training Programme of the Police Education and Training Centre in 2022. According to aggregated data, the average annual trip of the country's total of 218 service vehicles is 3,599 km. The main patrol category 104 (officer, patrol leader, patrol commander, team commander) is significantly better with 6589 km/year, while the secondary patrol category 114 (event scene and investigation, district officer, patrol commander, driver category) is 2266 km on average in 2022. The results of the survey highlight the low average driving of motorcycle police. This is mainly because more than 50 per cent of trained officers do not have the major task of carrying out their duties on a service motorcycle. However, due to the high quality of their execution, the training system must be restructured to make it more effective.

Power quality enhancement for Thailand's wind farm using 5 MWh Li-ion battery energy storage system

Several studies have stated that an increase in wind power plants and unpredictable wind energy generation face several issues during over-voltage. In this study, an operational 8 MW wind farm in Nakhon Ratchasima province faced severe annual feeder trips 146 times, which is not permissible according to the manufacturers. The feeder trips are mainly attributed to high grid voltage caused by low load demand. This study developed a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to minimise feeder trips using DigiSILENT and utilized the higher feeder trip period of September to optimise BESS capacity with a 10 % grid load. Notably, a 5 MWh BESS maintained the grid voltage within an allowable range compared to the 1–4 MWh (increment of 1 MWh) throughout the operational period. Furthermore, a 5 MWh BESS was tested during low and high wind periods to assess the stability of over-voltage management. We found that the 5 MWh BESS controlled over-voltage and prevented feeder trips, resulting in enhanced power generation on selective days with high feeder trips, low wind speed, and high wind speed, generating 28.34 MWh, 0.33 MWh, and 76.67 MWh, respectively, compared to conditions without BESS. Additionally, we recommend that the 5 MWh BESS can enhance wind farm power stability and uphold the manufacturer's warranty.

Windfall money and outbound tourism: A natural experiment from lottery winnings

Income is a relevant factor for explaining outbound tourism demand. However, when working with regional- or country-level data, it is difficult to disentangle the role of income in stimulating tourism travelling from other factors that correlate with greater income levels. This paper exploits a natural experiment from Spanish Christmas Lottery to estimate the causal effect of income shocks on outbound tourism. We leverage the staggered and quasi-random assignment of lottery winnings across Spanish regions to estimate the elasticity of outbound annual trips and expenditure to windfall gains. Using difference-in-differences with the amount of lottery prizes as an indicator of treatment intensity, we show that lottery winnings per capita increase both the annual number of tourism trips and expenditure per capita. This effect operates during the first 2 years following the draw, which is likely explained by bandwagon and income multiplier effects.

MP49-09 EXPANDING SURGICAL GLOBAL OUTREACH: THE NEED FOR PEDIATRIC UROLOGIC CARE IN ECUADOR

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP49-09 EXPANDING SURGICAL GLOBAL OUTREACH: THE NEED FOR PEDIATRIC UROLOGIC CARE IN ECUADOR Luke Griffiths, Danielle I. Aronowitz, Jacob Smith, Leah Beland, Matthew D. Mikula, Charles Choy, Gainosuke Sugiyama, Heather McMullen, Joseph Marino, Victor Moon, Gene F. Coppa, Wayland Wu, Lane S. Palmer, and Rafael Barerra Luke GriffithsLuke Griffiths More articles by this author , Danielle I. AronowitzDanielle I. Aronowitz More articles by this author , Jacob SmithJacob Smith More articles by this author , Leah BelandLeah Beland More articles by this author , Matthew D. MikulaMatthew D. Mikula More articles by this author , Charles ChoyCharles Choy More articles by this author , Gainosuke SugiyamaGainosuke Sugiyama More articles by this author , Heather McMullenHeather McMullen More articles by this author , Joseph MarinoJoseph Marino More articles by this author , Victor MoonVictor Moon More articles by this author , Gene F. CoppaGene F. Coppa More articles by this author , Wayland WuWayland Wu More articles by this author , Lane S. PalmerLane S. Palmer More articles by this author , and Rafael BarerraRafael Barerra More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003297.09AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Access to safe surgical care is a continued public health concern in underdeveloped populations. Since January 2014, the Northwell Health Surgical Service Line Global Health Initiative has executed annual mission trips to Quito, Ecuador in partnership with Medical Missions for Children and local Ecuadorian foundations and hospitals. These trips have expanded to include general surgery, plastic surgery, critical care, as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery. Pediatric urologic services were identified as a potential area for further development. METHODS: Patients were prescreened and medically optimized by providers from the Padre Carollo Hospital Surgery Department. Patients were further evaluated onsite by Northwell surgeons and anesthesiologists. Most medical supplies were donated by Northwell Health and brought to the mission site by mission volunteers. All postoperative patients are evaluated and then follow with local surgical teams for any continued care. A needs assessment was performed to evaluate the urologic needs of this underserved population and identify low-risk urologic procedures that would best serve the community by improving quality of life with limited perioperative morbidity. RESULTS: Twenty-nine Northwell personnel volunteered, including 10 attending physicians/surgeons, 3 residents, and 16 additional support staff (Table 1). In total, 100 patients were screened with 71 procedures performed over 4.5 days. These procedures included 53 adult and 21 pediatric cases, representing a 25% increase from the 2020 mission (Table 2). Assessment survey identified a need for pediatric urology procedures, which included circumcision, orchiopexy, hydrocelectomy, and inguinal hernia repair. CONCLUSIONS: Northwell surgical missions continue to have an increasing impact in Quito, Ecuador. A needs assessment during the most recent mission trip suggested that the addition of a pediatric urology team would provide high-impact, low risk services to the underserved community. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e681 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Luke Griffiths More articles by this author Danielle I. Aronowitz More articles by this author Jacob Smith More articles by this author Leah Beland More articles by this author Matthew D. Mikula More articles by this author Charles Choy More articles by this author Gainosuke Sugiyama More articles by this author Heather McMullen More articles by this author Joseph Marino More articles by this author Victor Moon More articles by this author Gene F. Coppa More articles by this author Wayland Wu More articles by this author Lane S. Palmer More articles by this author Rafael Barerra More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Three Women Artists: Expanding Abstract Expressionism in the American West by Amy Von Lintel and Bonnie Roos

Reviewed by: Three Women Artists: Expanding Abstract Expressionism in the American West by Amy Von Lintel and Bonnie Roos Randolph K. Tibbits Three Women Artists: Expanding Abstract Expressionism in the American West. By Amy Von Lintel and Bonnie Roos. (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2022. Pp. 341. Illustrations, appendix, notes, bibliography, index.) From the late 1950s onward, Abstract Expressionism (Ab-Ex), which reigned supreme in the New York art world at mid-century but had begun to fade there, found renewed life and a new home in a seemingly unlikely location: the Texas Panhandle and surrounding areas. This development occurred thanks to a symbiotic partnership between a "closeted gay man" (2) and a number of New York City-based Ab-Ex artists, mostly women, who were underappreciated in the big city. That is one of the bold propositions advanced by the authors of this interesting and beautiful new book. [End Page 599] The Three Women Artists of the title, painter Elaine de Kooning, mosaic artist Jeanne Reynal, and sculptor Louise Nevelson, were not unknown in their lifetimes, but they have become the subjects of increased interest and regard in recent years as scholars and the viewing public have taken a closer look at the art and careers of women artists throughout history. Amarillo gallerist, teacher, and art promoter Dord Fitz, the closeted gay man, is little known, even to those who have an active interest in the art history of Texas. One of the valuable contributions of the book is its deft presentation of a rich and provocative story of "decentered" modernism, as the authors call it (2), in which important contemporary American art was as vital on the High Plains of Texas as in the sometimes myopic New York art world, with both places giving as well as taking as far the art itself was concerned. Fitz, an Oklahoman who had to reinvent himself after being fired from a plum academic job at the University of Kentucky following a 1951 arrest on morals charges, returned with his wife and children to Bannister Ranch in the western part of the state. He applied his experience in art and education to teaching art classes in northwest Oklahoma and surrounding areas of Kansas and Texas, fostering a patron base on which he could build when he opened his art gallery in Amarillo, and began showing and promoting avant-garde New York art. Through annual trips to New York, he established relationships with the artists he wished to show. He found De Kooning, Reynal, and Nevelson particularly responsive because he offered them the prospect of an appreciative public, and additional income from art sales and teaching, on a more gender-level playing field than they faced in New York, where male artists received significantly more attention. The authors assert that Fitz and the women artists who became his gallery stars meshed in part because of their shared experiences navigating gender and sexuality hurdles as they operated in male- and hetero-dominated environments. This is another of the refreshingly exciting threads of the story the book tells, one only recently being addressed in either Texas history or art history. Clearly Fitz thrived based on his connections to the New Yorkers, but the artists, and their art, profited too. All three spent time in Amarillo, where Fitz made sure they had the Texas experience. But in addition to entertaining visits, all three, especially De Kooning, who is quoted as saying, "I love Texas" (21), sold art, found new influences for their work, and developed mutually beneficial relationships with local patrons and students. This in a place that stereotypes often cast as indifferent, even hostile, to such things as abstract art. Von Lintel has already done a masterful job of showing how the Texas experience helped shape the art of the preeminent American Modernist, Georgia O'Keeffe. With this new volume, she and co-author Roos have made an equally important contribution to broadening our understanding [End Page 600] of Texas as both receptive home and active contributor to American art of this later era. Randolph K. Tibbits Houston Earlier Texas Art Group Copyright © 2022 The Texas State Historical Association

Research training experience of Vietnamese health sciences undergraduates visiting the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa.

The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), performs world-leading research on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and - more recently - COVID-19. A rigorous yet supportive academic culture has nurtured the careers of many successful health sciences researchers, some of whom have worked for the organization since its inception over 20 years ago. This focus on professional development is founded on a training programme that invests heavily in the individual with the payoff of strengthening the science base for HIV and tuberculosis research in South Africa. Those selected for mentorship are typically medical students from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, adjoining the headquarters of CAPRISA in Durban. Increasingly, however, the institute attracts international fellows from partnering organizations to experience the intellectually demanding, scientifically robust, cutting-edge research environment. The purpose of this voices piece is to narrate and critically evaluate the experience from the dual perspectives of host and visitor of a research training programme undertaken by three undergraduate health sciences students from Vietnam, enrolled at VinUniversity. This was the inaugural running of what is expected to be an annual summer trip to CAPRISA by Hanoi-based medical and nursing students. The formative educational experience in best practice tackling of infectious diseases in challenging clinical contexts demonstrated the importance of investing in research placement programmes for public health impact. The exchange has inspired each student to become a future leader in seeking bold, innovative, and strategic approaches to improve global health issues in their home country.

Capturing homosocial worlds in the photographs of the Rugby Club, 1885–1920

AbstractDuring the First World War, the Rev. Charles S. Donald, warden of the London‐based Rugby Club, sent several war time circulars to current and former club members. This article examines how Donald used the circular's photographs to sustain pre‐war links. It will therefore consider how snapshots from their annual camping trips and boxing heroes inscribed male intimacy and friendship. Touch will be shown to be a vehicle through which homosocial intimacy was expressed both in the moment the photograph was captured and during the war.

Conrad Seabaugh & Company: An Inside Look at an Illinois Hinterland Merchant

Conrad Seabaugh & Company: An Inside Look at an Illinois Hinterland Merchant

Cost Estimation of Fare-Free ADA Complementary Paratransit Service in Illinois

Instituting a free fare for ADA complementary paratransit service in the state of Illinois will expectedly increase the demand and associated costs of providing the specialized service. This paper proposes a method to estimate such demand and cost increases. Our results show an estimated average increase in annual ADA trips between 121 and 171 percent in the Chicago area. Given previous industry free-ride experiments, the latent demand exhibited by the large number of persons with disabilities living within ¾ mile of a fixed route, and the expected diversion of wheelchair riders currently using fixed routes, we believe it is not unreasonable to expect increases in ridership approaching 100 percent. Compared to the (2007$) baseline total statewide cost of $99.3 million, the estimated cost due to increased demand would be between $123.9 and $160.6 million.

Philip C. Benes

Philip C. Benes, 65, died Dec. 14, 2020, in Hanover Township, Ohio. “Phil was a devoted husband, father, and grandfather. He enjoyed his job and the people he worked with. He was a leader in his hobby of tropical fish keeping and was chairman of the Board of Trustees of the American Cichlid Association for many years and was made a Fellow of the ACA in 2010. He also held a leadership role in the Greater Cincinnati Aquarium Society. Phil was an avid fisherman and enjoyed our annual trip to Canada in search of walleye. He is greatly missed by family and friends.”—Janet Benes, wife Most recent title: Director of technology and product development, Nease Performance Chemicals Education: BS, biochemistry, University of Illinois, 1977 Survivors: Wife, Janet; son, Christopher; daughter, Nicole; three grandchildren To recognize your late loved one or colleague, submit obituary information at cenm.ag/obits.

ROADS IN JAPAN OF TOKUGAWA AND MEIJI PERIODS

The article covers socio-economic and cultural-domestic peculiarities of land transport routs functioning in Japan for more than three hundred years. In ancient times the development features of Japanese railroads were determined primarily by natural geographic factors. Early feudal period roads were used to transmit information, to deliver taxes, to transport people and goods, as well as for the transportation of troops purposes. Pilgrimage to holy places and annual trips of big feudal lords, accompanied by servants and cargo and heading to the supreme ruler in Edo added to these functions in the Tokugawa period. At those times journey along the Japanese five main roads (Gokaido) was not only rather a reliable means of commujnication, but also kind of fascinating. Roadside postal stations remained in Japanese national consciousness as exiting places of interest. Travel served as an escape from the heavy life of Japanese people, full of conventionalities, strict duties and regulations, transferring them to pleasant reflections and entertainment. In the Tokugawa era travelling was a long and rather unproductive occupation; its philosophy corresponded to the general logic and culture of that time. The railroads of Meiji epoch brought new dimensions to life, customs and culture of the Japanese. They created favourable conditions, removing the mental obstacles in mastering high European standards and way of life. As soon as railway traffic had been established, the united time scheme starts to be used in all the country, which was a novelty. The unified time contributed not only to the precision of the railway traffic, but accustomed people to more dynamism and rhythm of business life. This measure created one of the numerous conditions for the success of industrialization, modernization, and westernization of the country.

Sustainable Operational Analysis of the Cultivation of Indonesian Thunnus albacares by Bioeconomic Approach

Abstract This study aimed to describe the characteristics and cultivation conditions of Thunnus albacares in Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP, shore-port fisheries) of Labuhan Lombok, East Lombok. Data was collected by a simple random sample using a questionnaire for 30 fishing boats. Primary data was collected by interview with respondents and field observation, while secondary data was obtained from records of PPP in Labuhan Lombok, BPS and DKP, East Lombok. Results showed that East Lombok has a high potential for T. albacares cultivation as well as eco-friendly fishery cultivation; this is practiced by local fishermen who commonly use traditional boats sized 4-7 GT complete with fishing utilities, including handline rods and trolling rods. From a biological aspect, there was open access to T. albaceros in 2006, followed by biological overfishing in 2007, and economic overfishing in 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) reached 922,518.18 kg per year (MSY level 3,313 per year). The resource optimization of T. albaceros reached the peak of maximum economic yield (MEY) valued at IDR 24,693,982,361, with fish haul efforts from 2,063 annual trips yielding 791,270.90 kg of tuna per year.

Using multivariate adaptive regression splining (MARS) to identify factors affecting the performance of dock-based bikesharing: The case of Chicago’s Divvy system

This study explores factors contributing to the uneven success of past expansions of dock-based public bikesharing systems, in which middle- and - higher-income neighborhoods have tended to benefit considerably more than poorer neighborhoods. After a review of the differing performance of the three phases of expansion by Chicago's Divvy bikeshare system, this study uses multivariate adaptive regression splining (MARS) to select among more than 100 community- and station-level factors to explain variations in Divvy system usage at the station level. MARS demonstrates that neighborhood racial and ethnic diversity, proportion of condominium units, and job accessibility to public transit are strongly and positively correlated with total annual station trips, whereas percentage unemployed, average distance to Divvy stations, and percentage of residential foreclosures are negatively correlated. Model results are compared with those of earlier studies to foster insights into ways to more accurately predict the use of bikesharing systems across urban neighborhoods.

Electric Vehicle Charger Placement Optimization in Michigan Considering Monthly Traffic Demand and Battery Performance Variations

Limited charging infrastructure for electric vehicles (EVs) is one of the main barriers to adoption of these vehicles. In conjunction with limited battery range, the lack of charging infrastructure leads to range-anxiety, which may discourage many potential users. This problem is especially important for long-distance or intercity trips. Monthly traffic patterns and battery performance variations are two main contributing factors in defining the infrastructure needs of EV users, particularly in states with adverse weather conditions. Knowing this, the current study focuses on Michigan and its future needs to support the intercity trips of EVs across the state in two target years of 2020 and 2030, considering monthly traffic demand and battery performance variations. This study incorporates a recently developed modeling framework to suggest the optimal locations of fast EV chargers to be implemented in Michigan. Considering demand and battery performance variations is the major contribution of the current study to the proposed modeling framework by the same authors in the literature. Furthermore, many stakeholders in Michigan are engaged to estimate the input parameters. Therefore, the research study can be used by authorities as an applied model for optimal allocation of resources to place EV fast chargers. The results show that for charger placement, the reduced battery performance in cold weather is a more critical factor than the increased demand in warm seasons. To support foreseeable annual EV trips in Michigan in 2030, this study suggests 36 charging stations with 490 chargers and an investment cost of $23 million.

First person profile: Ching-Hon Pui, MD: An internationally renowned pediatric oncologist, Dr. Pui helped to push the cure rate for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia to more than 90.

First person profile: Ching-Hon Pui, MD: An internationally renowned pediatric oncologist, Dr. Pui helped to push the cure rate for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia to more than 90.

Understanding bidder behaviour: The case of the Mamelodi contract

The South African government has had a nearly 17 year moratorium on new commuter bus contracts. In late 2017, the government lifted this moratorium which enabled the Gauteng Provincial Government to design a service for a number of operating areas, one of which was for the Mamelodi township to the east of Pretoria.From the outset, some operators expressed their reservations about the quality of the supporting information, especially the lack of detailed passenger and route information, and the lack of an escalation formula for the seven year contract. Bidders viewed these aspects as major cost risks that made it difficult to determine a competitive price for the service.The purpose of the research is to investigate how bidding companies viewed the Mamelodi contract when tendering for the service and to compare the results of the bidding process amongst the respective bidders. To achieve this objective a single case study strategy was followed. Use was made of a structured questionnaire to interview the bidding companies, documentary analysis such as the detailed specifications of the Mamelodi contract as well as obtaining financial and operating information from the bidding companies that could serve as a basis of comparison on how the companies responded to the tender requirements. These sources of information were triangulated to arrive at observations and conclusions.The results of the research indicated that there were major variances in annual passenger trip estimates, passenger revenue estimates, subsidy requirements and overall tender amounts, amongst the bidders. This is mainly as a result of incomplete passenger information and a lack of detailed route information, the lack of an adequate escalation formula and a requirement that bidders had to sub-contract 30% of their services to smaller operators. The higher costs for the service, compared to the cost of the incumbent operator, resulted in the tender not being awarded.Recommendations are that contracting authorities ought to supply as much information as possible in the design of public transport contracts in order to receive truly cost competitive bids. This ought to include detailed passenger numbers and related passenger fares (to determine overall revenue) and detailed route and network kilometres so that the bidders can determine their operating costs. In addition, contracts ought to include adequate escalation formulae (especially the correct weighting of cost elements) and where there are special requirements, such as sub-contracting of services, that such requirements can be reasonably executed by bidders.

Bikesharing, equity, and disadvantaged communities: A case study in Chicago

Abstract Bikeshare systems are rapidly becoming more prevalent in metro and micropolitan areas around the world. However, low-income populations, people of color, and transit-dependent households are not highly representative of the bikeshare user’s profile. Some bikeshare programs in the United States, such as Divvy in Chicago, try to address this equity problem by promoting their systems among low-income communities. Currently, there is limited research estimating bikeshare ridership in these communities and quantitatively analyzing the impacts of financial barriers in disadvantaged areas at the station level. This research fills this gap by analyzing the current utilization of bikeshare systems among disadvantaged populations. The study develops a Negative Binomial regression model to estimate bikeshare ridership using data from Chicago’s bikeshare system. The results show that bikeshare stations in disadvantaged communities generate around two-thirds of the average annual trips across all stations. The employment rate plays an important role in increasing bikeshare ridership, especially for disadvantaged areas. Additionally, the research found that the proportion of trips by annual members is significantly lower in disadvantaged communities than in other areas. However, interestingly, residents in disadvantaged communities tend to make longer bikeshare trips once they are annual members. Their dependence on bikeshare systems may result from accessibility improvement (e.g., work commute by bikeshare). Based on all the findings, we discuss planning implications for more socially inclusive and equitable bikeshare systems.

Treating Family Members of Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People: An Interview With Eric Yarbrough, M.D.

Treating Family Members of Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People: An Interview With Eric Yarbrough, M.D.