Annual Injury Incidence Research Articles

Bado type III Monteggia fractures have a high injury- and treatment-related complication rate: a single center study of 73 fractures.

Monteggia fractures can be problematic injuries. The aim of this population-based study is to evaluate the risk of complications according to the Bado types, clinical outcome, and incidence. 72 children (median age 6, range 2-11 years) with 73 Monteggia fractures treated during 2014-2022 were identified from the institutional fracture register. Timing of diagnosis, complications, and method of treatment were registered. Outcomes were assessed at mean 4 years (1-9) follow-up in 68 (94%) children. The census population (< 16 years old) in Helsinki metropolitan area during the study period was assessed. Bado types I (n = 43) and III (n = 27) comprised all but 3 of the fractures. Diagnosis was made on admission in 57, and with a 1-8-day delay in 16 children. 8 children had sustained an associated nerve injury. 35 children were treated operatively, 7 after failed closed treatment. 4 reoperations were performed, including 3 ulnar osteotomies. The risk of complications (odds ratio [OR] 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-14) and closed treatment failures (OR 12.3, CI 1.3-118) was higher in Bado type III than in type I injuries. 60 children attended for clinical follow-up, all had congruent radio-humeral joints and full range of elbow and forearm motion. Mean PedsQL was 94 (72-100) and QuickDash 3 (0-13). 8 additional children reported normal elbow functions by phone. The calculated mean annual incidence of Monteggia injuries was 2.9/100,000 children. Monteggia fractures are rare (2.9/100,000 yearly). Bado type III injuries are associated with a high risk of complications.

Upper extremity orthopedic softball injuries presenting to the emergency department: epidemiology across the lifespan

ABSTRACT Background Softball is a popular lifetime sport due to its inclusion of both fastpitch and slowpitch varieties, although associated injuries are common. Objective To compare softball injury rates across patient sex, age, race, injury location, mechanism, and activity. Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for all upper extremity softball injuries in patients 10–85+ years old presenting to United States emergency departments between 2012 and 2021. Results Significantly more of the 178,303 total weighted upper extremity injuries occurred in female (68.1%) than male (31.9%) athletes (p < .001). Male patients (mean 34.9 ± 13.6 years) were older than female patients (17.4 ± 8.4; p = .019). The average incidence rate of UE injuries from 2012–2021 was 187.9 per 100,000 persons, with a significant decrease in injury incidence across the timespan (p < .001). The lowest annual injury incidence (74.7 per 100,000 persons) occurred in 2020. In patients 10–18 years old, female patients accounted for 95.1% of all injuries, whereas male patients accounted for 72.1% of all injuries in patients aged ≥23. Compared to male patients, females more frequently experienced hand (p < .001), lower arm (p = .007), shoulder (p < .001), and wrist (p < .001) injuries in patients 10–18 years old, finger (p < .001), upper arm (p = .016), and wrist (p < .001) injuries in patients 19–22, and finger injuries (p < .001) in patients aged 23 +. Across all ages, the greatest proportion of injuries were treated and released (p < .001). Most injuries occurred while fielding (41.8%) and due to player-ball contact (36.8%). Conclusion Softball injury ED presentations declined across a decade, including a precipitous drop and rebound effect due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Across the lifespan, upper extremity injuries progressively shifted from female-predominant in younger athletes to male-predominant in adults.

Trends in severity of work-related traumatic injury and musculoskeletal disorder, Ontario 2004-2017.

Traumatic injury surveillance can be enhanced by describing injury severity trends. This study reports trends in work-related injury severity for males and females over the period 2004-2017 in Ontario, Canada. A weighted measure of workers' compensation benefit expenditures was used to define injury severity, obtained from the linkage of workers' compensation claims to emergency department (ED) records where the main injury or illness was attributed to work. Denominator counts were obtained from Statistics Canada's Labor Force Survey. Trends in the annual incidence of injury, classified as low, moderate, or high severity, were examined using regression modeling, stratified by age and sex. Over a 14-year observation period, there were 1,636,866 ED records included in the analyses. Overall, 57.6% of occupational injury records were classified as low severity, 29.5% as moderate severity, and 12.8% as high severity conditions. There was an increase in the incidence of high severity injuries among females (annual percent change (APC): 1.52%; 95% CI: 0.77, 2.28), while the incidence of low and moderate severity injuries generally declined for males and females. Among females, injuries attributed to animate mechanical forces and assault increased as causes of low, moderate, and high severity injuries. The incidence of concussion increased for both males (APC: 10.51%; 95% CI: 8.18, 12.88) and females (APC: 16.37%; 95% CI: 13.37, 19.45). The incidence of severe work-related injuries increased among females in Ontario between 2004 and 2017. The methods applied in this surveillance study of traumatic injury severity are plausibly generalizable to applications in other jurisdictions.

Epidemiology of Injuries Among National Basketball Association Players: 2013-2014 Through 2018-2019.

Understanding the epidemiology of injuries to athletes is essential to informing injury prevention efforts. The incidence and impact of basketball-related injuries among National Basketball Association (NBA) players from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 is relatively stable over time. Descriptive epidemiology study. Level 3. Injuries from 2013-2014 through 2018-2019 were analyzed using the NBA Injury and Illness Database from an electronic medical record system. Descriptive statistics were calculated for injuries by season, game-loss, and onset. Incidence rates were estimated using Poisson models and linear trend tests. Between 552 and 606 players participated in ≥1 game per season during the study. Annual injury incidence ranged from 1550 to 1892, with 33.6% to 38.5% resulting in a missed NBA game. Game-loss injury rates ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes from 2014-2015 through 2018-2019 (P = 0.19); the rate was lower in 2013-2014 (5.0 injuries per 10,000 player-minutes), partly due to increased preseason injury rates and transition of reporting processes. The 6-year game-loss injury rate in preseason and regular season games was 6.9 (95% CI 6.0, 8.0) and 6.2 (95% CI 6.0, 6.5) injuries per 10,000 player-minutes; the rate in playoff games was lower (P < 0.01) at 2.8 (95% CI 2.2, 3.6). Most (73%) game-loss injuries had acute onset; 44.4% to 52.5% of these involved contact with another player. From 2013-2014 through 2018-2019, over one-third of injuries resulted in missed NBA games, with highest rates of game-loss injuries in preseason games and lowest rates in playoff games. Most game-loss injuries had acute onset, and half of those involved contact with another player. These findings - through reliable data reporting by team medical staff in an audited system - can guide evidence-based injury reduction strategies and inform player health priorities.

Mortality Trends in Chest-Abdominal Trauma Patients Before and After the Establishment of Trauma Centers in South Korea

Purpose: We sought to assess mortality trends in chest-abdominal trauma patients, before and after the implementation of the Project Supporting Establishment of Trauma Centers (PSETC) in the Republic of Korea.Methods: Data from the National Health Insurance Service claims database between 2009 to 2017 were analyzed. Patients with chest-abdominal trauma were defined as those with relevant main diagnosis codes and claims for emergency medical management fees. Mortality and cumulative data were analyzed for each year to compare mortality before and after the establishment of regional trauma centers across Korea (2014).Results: In total, 29,127 patients were included in the analysis. While the annual incidence of trauma-related chest-abdominal injuries increased, mortalities decreased. In particular, the trauma incidence rate among patients over 50 years increased during the study period. Mortalities at trauma centers did not change year by year after the PSETC. Before and after 2014, when trauma centers operated under the PSETC, mortalities decreased [trauma cases before the PSETC; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 14,321 (mortality 5.61), after the PSETC; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 14,806 (mortality 4.96)].Conclusion: The number of patients treated for chest-abdominal injuries increased from 2009 to 2017 in Korea, whereas mortalities decreased over the same period.

Impact of feed, light and access to manipulable material on tail biting in pigs with intact tails

BackgroundTail biting (TB) is a welfare issue with economic consequences due to infections and ill-thrift. This study aimed to reduce tail injuries in a high-performing non-tail-docking pig herd.ResultsDuring eleven years preceding the trial, the annual incidence of tail injuries registered at slaughter in pigs from the herd increased from 3% (equivalent to the national mean) to 10%. It was positively correlated to a high weight gain and negatively correlated to daylight length.The overall incidence of tail injuries during the four years preceding the trial was 9.2% with significant differences between four identically structured buildings for fatteners (I < II < III < IV).The feed was enriched with amino acids, minerals and fibres. The buildings used different illumination strategies, I: standard fluorescent tubes with an invisible flickering light of 30–40% for 14 h daily, II: non-flickering led light for 14 h daily, III (control) and IV: standard fluorescent tubes for 2 h daily. IV had free access to manipulable material (hay-silage), while I–III was offered 100–200 g daily.During the adaptation period (6 months), the incidence of tail injuries decreased significantly in all buildings to a mean of 5.4%. The largest decrease (from 11.4 to 4.3%) was obtained in IV.During the trial period (12 months), the mean incidence of tail injuries decreased in all groups to a mean of 3.0%. There were no differences in treatment incidences of individual pigs due to TB between groups, but the use of enriched pellets due to TB in pens was lowest in II. The low incidence of tail injuries was retained during the post-trial period (6 months) when all buildings used artificial illumination for two hours per day.ConclusionsThe incidence of TB in fast growing non-tail-docked pigs in the herd was successfully reduced by supplementing the feed with amino acids, minerals, vitamins and fibres. Additional manipulable material accelerated that process and non-flickering illumination may have had an impact in preventing TB.The results obtained do not support the need for tail-docking of pigs, provided that the needs of the pigs in terms of feed ingredients, stocking density and access to manipulable materials are fulfilled.

A79: Epidemiology of Athletic Injuries in China College Rock Climbing Athlete

Purpose: Originating from mountaineering, rock climbing has encountered fresh opportunities for growth since its inclusion in the Olympics, and there is a growing awareness of the associated injury risks. Methods: Using questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics methods, this paper studied the epidemiological characteristics of sports injuries among Chinese college rock-climbing athletes by 6 Chinese university rock-climbing teams. Results: The incidence of sports injury was as high as 87.10%, and the annual incidence of injury was 3.39 times/year. The number of injuries was mainly 1 time (43.55%), and the number of injuries was less in 4 (8.06%;) or 5 times (1.61%). A total of 105 injuries occurred, involving 107 body parts. Finger injuries were the most frequent, 30 times (28.04%), and followed by knee joint 12 times (11.21%). The most common injuries were abrasions (39.25%) followed by strains (26.17%) and impact injuries (13.08%). The incidence of acute injury was much higher than that of chronic injury, with 73 acute injuries (69.52%) and 32 chronic injuries (30.48%). UIAA1 injury was the most, 93 times (88.57%), followed by UIAA2 injury 10 times (9.52%). UIAA3 injury was once (0.95%). The most injuries occurred during training with 88 times (83.81%), followed by 11 times in competition (10.48%) and 6 times in other times (5.71%). Rock climbing events had the most injuries with 53 times (50.48%), followed by 32 times (30.48%), speed 15 times (14.29%) and other 5 times (4.76%). The factors influencing the occurrence of injury include risk factors and inducing events. The most important risk factors were the awareness of injury protection (P &lt; 0.05), sufficient preparation activities (P &lt; 0.05), wearing professional climbing shoes (P &lt; 0.05), and qualified protectors (P &lt; 0.05). Insufficient warm-up (n=41; 26.28%), the athlete's own technical movement error (n=35; 22.44%), excessive exercise load (n=25; 16.03%) were the most major injury-inducing event. Conclusion: Chinese college rock climbers face a high incidence of injuries, affecting various body sites and manifesting in numerous injury types. The injuries tend to be of a relatively mild degree, and the risk factors are complex and variable. It is crucial for the Chinese community to approach rock climbing injuries with reason, diligently avoid associated risk factors, enhance support for rock climbing injury research, and foster the healthy and rapid development of rock climbing among Chinese college students.

Overview of Occupational Injuries Among Registered Nurses in Washington State, 2007 to 2019.

Registered nurses (RNs) represent the largest segment of the health care workforce and have unique job demands and occupational health considerations. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence, cost, and causes of occupational injuries among RNs in Washington State and to quantify the cumulative cost and burden of each type of injury, relative to all injuries among RNs. Annual injury claims data covered under Washington State workers' compensation (WC) fund were analyzed over a 13-year period (2007-2019). Annual mean incidence and cost of injuries were calculated and stratified by nature, source, and event/exposure. Negative binomial regression models were used to examine trends in injury incidence over time, for injury incidence overall, and by the most common injury classifications. Between 2007 and 2019, 10,839 WC claims were filed and accepted for Washington State RNs (annual M = 834), totaling more than US$65 million. No significant trend in overall injury incidence was observed (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.94, 1.05]). The most common injury exposures were bodily reaction and exertion, contact with objects and equipment, falls, and assaults and violent acts. To our knowledge, this is the first broad study of the incidence and costs of occupational injuries among RNs across all workplace settings. We identified high-cost, high-frequency incidence rates of musculoskeletal, sharp, and violence-related occupational injury claims, highlighting intervention targets. Implications for Occupational Health Practice: Policy makers, health systems, and occupational health nurse leaders can use this information to identify priority areas where evidence-based occupational health and prevention programs are most needed.

Annual incidence and prevalence of injuries in elite male academy cricketers: A 4-year prospective cohort study

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of injuries; time-loss and non-time loss, in elite male academy cricket. DesignProspective cohort analysis. MethodsAnnual injury incidence and prevalence from all cricket related injuries were calculated for 348 male academy players (under-13 to under-18) from the 18 First-Class County Cricket clubs in England and Wales across four years (2017/18, 2018/19, 2020/21 and 2021/22), in accordance with the updated consensus statement for injury surveillance methods in cricket. ResultsThe average annual injury incidence was 115.0 injuries/100 players/year, with similar rates between time-loss (59.7 injuries/100 players/year) and non-time loss injury incidence (55.3 injuries/100 players/year). On average, 8.5 ​% of players were unavailable on any given day of the year due to injury. Match injury incidence (48.8 injuries/100 players/year) was higher than cricket-based training (25.2 injuries/100 players/year), gym-based training, illness, and ‘other’ injury incidences. Match bowling was the activity associated with the highest total (17.7 injuries/100 players/year), time-loss (10.3 injuries/100 players/year) and non-time loss (7.4 injuries/100 players/year) injury incidence. The lumbar spine was the body location most frequently injured (15.3 injuries/100 players/year) and was the most prevalent body location injured (2.9 ​% of players). ConclusionsThe findings from this study provide, robust evidence of the extent of the injury problem in elite male academy cricketers. Bowling poses the greatest risk to players and the lumbar spine is the most common and prevalent injury location.

Spinal cord injury: global burden from 1990 to 2019 and projections up to 2030 using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.

Spinal cord injuries, often resulting from spine fractures, can lead to severe lifelong symptoms such as paraplegia and even mortality. Over the past few decades, there has been a concerning increase in the annual incidence and mortality rates of spinal cord injuries, which has also placed a growing financial strain on healthcare systems. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of spinal cord injuries by estimating their global incidence, prevalence, and the impact in terms of years lived with disability, using data obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. In this study, we utilized data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study, a widely recognized source for global health data. Our methodology involved estimating the global incidence and prevalence of spinal cord injuries while also assessing the impact on years lived with a disability. We analyzed this data comprehensively to identify patterns and trends and made predictions. This research delved into the evolving trends in the global burden of spinal cord injuries, identified key risk factors, and examined variations in incidence and disability across different Socio-demographic Index (SDI) levels and age groups. Briefly, in 2019, the global incidence and burden of YLDs of SCI significantly increased compared to 1990. While males had higher incidence rates compared to females. Falls were identified as the primary cause of SCI. Trend projections up to 2030 revealed a slight decrease in ASIR for males, an upward trend in age-specific incidence rates for both sexes and a similar pattern in age-standardized YLD rates. Additionally, our findings provided crucial groundwork for shaping future policies and healthcare initiatives, with the goal of mitigating the burden of spinal cord injuries, enhancing patient outcomes, and fortifying prevention efforts. Understanding the global burden of spinal cord injuries is essential for designing effective healthcare policies and prevention strategies. With the alarming increase in prevalence rates and their significant impact on individuals and healthcare systems, this research contributes vital insights to guide future efforts in reducing the incidence of spinal cord injuries, improving the quality of life for affected individuals, and reducing the economic burden on healthcare systems worldwide.

Epidemiologic trends of domestic violence–related ocular injuries among pediatric patients: data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2008-2017

PurposeTo study the epidemiology of all domestic violence (DV)–related ocular injuries among pediatric emergency department (ED) patients in the United States. MethodsThis is a retrospective, cross-sectional study of isolated children (<18 years of age) with a diagnosis of DV and primary or secondary diagnosis of ocular injuries in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2008-2017. We calculated annual incidence of DV-related ocular injuries and prevalence by demographic variables, including age, sex, and income quartile. Median charges, median length of inpatient hospital stay, and factors associated with hospitalization were also measured. ResultsFrom 2008 to 2017, there were 4,125 ED encounters, with an average incidence of 0.56 per 100,000 population (males, 50.0%; mean age [SE], 9.2 [0.3]). Patients in the lowest income quartile (42.6%) and with Medicaid insurance (63.2%) were the most prevalent. The most common known perpetrator was a family member (29.4%). Most ED encounters took place at southern regional (28.6%), metropolitan teaching (67.1%) and designated trauma hospitals (57.8%). Contusion of the eye/adnexa and being struck by or against an object were the most common ocular diagnosis and known mechanism of injury, respectively. An estimated 12.4% of patients were admitted with a median hospital stay of 4 (IQR, 2-6). Median charges during the study period were $27,415.10 (IQR, $13,142.70-$54,454.90). ConclusionsDV-related ocular injuries were most prevalent among patients with a low socioeconomic status. Given the historical underreporting of DV, future studies are warranted to identify more specific social determinants of health that contribute to such presentations.

Management of Hand and Wrist Injuries in NCAA Division I Football Players From a Single Institution: Factors Associated With Epidemiology, Surgical Intervention, and Return to Play

Background: Upper extremity injuries account for approximately 16.9% of football injuries in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Purpose: To determine the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of hand/wrist injuries in collegiate football athletes so as to identify factors associated with surgical intervention and delayed return to play (RTP). Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed hand/wrist injuries that occurred within a single NCAA Division I football team from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2020. Data analyzed included player position, college seniority, injury characteristics, injury management, surgical procedures performed, and timing of RTP. A univariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with increased risk for surgical intervention and delayed (&gt;21 days) RTP after hand and wrist injury in this cohort. Results: Overall, 124 patients with 168 hand/wrist injuries were identified (9.9 wrist/hand injuries per year). Sprain of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) was the most common diagnosis (19.6%). Surgery was required in 22% of injuries, with injury of the UCL of the thumb MCP joint (8/37) being the most common indication. Injuries occurring during competitive games (odds ratio = 4.29; 95% CI, 1.2-15.9) were associated with an increased risk for surgery. Most (70%) injuries did not lead to time missed from football, whereas the remaining 30% resulted in an average of 33 ± 36 days missed. Conclusion: Over 17 athletic seasons, the annual incidence of hand and wrist injury in these NCAA Division I football players was 9.9 injuries per year, with 22% requiring surgical treatment. Injury to the UCL of the thumb MCP joint was the most common injury and indication for surgery, and 30% of injuries resulted in approximately 1 month lost. Injuries sustained in games were associated with operative management and delayed RTP.

Sport-related major trauma incidence in young people and adults in England and Wales: a national registry-based study

ObjectivesData on sport and physical activity (PA) injury risk can guide intervention and prevention efforts. However, there are limited national-level data, and no estimates for England or Wales. This study...

The epidemiology of crib-related head injuries: A ten-year nationwide analysis

IntroductionFalls from cribs resulting in head injury are understudied and poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to advance current understanding of the prevalence, descriptive characteristics of injury victims, and the types of crib fall-related head injuries (CFHI) using queried patient cases from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. MethodsUsing the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's System NEISS database, we queried all CFHIs among children from over 100 emergency departments (EDs). Patient information regarding age, race, sex, location of the incident, diagnoses, ED disposition, and sequelae were analyzed. The number of CFHI from all US EDs during each year was also collected from the database. ResultsThere were an estimated 54,799 (95% CI: 30,228–79,369) total visits to EDs for CFHIs between 2012 and 2021, with a decrease in incidence of approximately 20% during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2019: 5616 cases, 2020: 4459 cases). The annual incidence of injuries showed no significant trend over the 10-year study period. An available subset of 1782 cases of head injuries from approximately 100 EDs was analyzed, and 1442 cases were included in final analysis. Injuries were sorted into three primary categories: unspecified closed head injury (e.g., closed head injury, blunt head trauma, or traumatic brain injury), concussion, or open head injury and skull fracture. Unspecified closed head injuries were the most common of all head injuries (95.4%, 1376/1442). Open head injuries (14/1442, 0.97%) and concussions 3.6% (52/1442, 3.6%) were rare. Most injuries involved children under the age of 1 (42.6%) compared to children who were 1, 2, 3, or 4-years old. About a fourth of patients had other diagnoses in addition to their primary injury including scalp/forehead hematomas, emesis, and contusions. Female patients were more likely to present with other diagnoses in addition to their primary head injury (Difference: 12.3%, 95% CI: 9.87%–15.4%, p < .0001). ConclusionDespite minimum rail height requirements set by the Consumer Safety Product Commission (CPSC), head injuries associated with crib falls are prevalent in the United States. However, most injuries were minor with a vast majority of patients being released following examination and treatment.

Epidemiology of head injury in a tertiary care hospital in south India

Introduction: The annual incidence of traumatic brain injury is around 28-70 million in the world which causes morbidity and mortality. In India, around 1 million suffer from severe head injury and the mortality rate is around 1 lakh per year. As time progresses there is an observable increase in rates of Head injuries. This study focuses on the epidemiology of traumatic head injury in a tertiary care centre (Madras Medical College, Chennai- India) Materials and methods: This study is a prospective study covering all head injury cases admitted from January 2022 – December 2022 in our tertiary care centre. These patients are treated according to the protocol of the Institute of Neurosurgery. This study covers the management, discharge and follow-up of these patients. Results: The total number of patients admitted with head injuries from January 2022 to December 2022 was 2061. Among them, RTA tops head injury mortality and morbidity. Among RTA, Two-wheeler-associated injuries were most common. Drunken driving, and not wearing helmets and protective gear played a vital role in head injuries. Conclusion: Primary prevention can be the key to reducing the national burden of head injuries.

Musculoskeletal injury profile in individuals training for the police recruitment exam

BACKGROUND: Each year, exams to become a police officer are held by the Police Academy Directorate in our country and various musculoskeletal injuries are seen during the preparation period. The aim of this study was to determine the musculoskeletal injury profiles of individuals training for police recruitment exams.METHODS: This study was a descriptive and retrospective study. This study was planned to be multicentric and was carried out in the three-sports medicine outpatient clinics. Individuals who trained for police recruitment exams, and applied to sports medicine outpatient clinics due to musculoskeletal injury/injuries were assessed. The participant’s age, gender, symptoms, onset of symptoms, injured body region, and injury types were recorded. Diagnosis were classified according to the Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) v.13.RESULTS: Data from 137 patients (100 females, 37 males) were analyzed. The mean age was 24±2.2 years. A total of 210 injuries occurred. The annual injury incidence rate was 21.74 per 1000 hours of training. The most frequently injured body region was the lower leg (N.=52, 31%). Almost half of injury-related musculoskeletal disorders (N.=96, 46%) were classified as muscle/tendon injuries, followed by bone injuries (N.=47; 22%) and cartilage/synovium/bursa (N.=32; 15%).CONCLUSIONS: Muscle-tendon injuries are the most common injury type in individuals training for the police recruitment exams.

Incidence of Eye Trauma in Children Associated With Foam Bullets or Foam Darts From Nonpowder Guns

This case series estimates the annual incidence of pediatric eye injuries associated with recreational use of nonpowder guns at an ophthalmologic emergency department in France.

Increasing trend in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu injuries presenting to U.S. emergency departments – a 10-year analysis and injury profile

ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate injury trends in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) participation by presenting to U.S. emergency departments over a 10-year period and formulate an injury profile. Methods The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for martial arts related injuries from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021. Codes and narratives were examined to compile data for patients sustaining BJJ-related injuries. Results From 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021 there were 7,722 (NE = 282,315) ED-diagnosed martial arts related injuries with 911 (NE = 36,023) BJJ-related injuries identified. Regression analysis demonstrated an increasing trend in the annual incidence of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu injuries presenting to the ED (R2 = 0.934; SE = 2.069: p < .0001). Average age was 25.68 years of age (range 4–83). The most common injury diagnoses were sprains/strains and other/not listed at 27.68% and 26.39%. The most commonly injured body parts were the upper trunk, and the shoulder comprising 13.66% and 12.14% of injured body parts, respectively. The most commonly fractured region was toes, at 14.15% of all fractures. The most common dislocations occurred at the shoulder and knee, at 32.49% and 28.45% of dislocations, respectively. The most common mechanisms of injury specifically identified were indeterminate contact between players, fall onto ground, or fall onto another player comprising 18.62% and 17.17%, of injuries, respectively. Conclusion There was an increasing trend of BJJ-related injuries presenting to U.S. Emergency Departments. The most common diagnoses and body parts injured were sprains/strains and upper trunk and shoulder, respectively. The most commonly fractured and dislocated regions were toes and shoulder, respectively. The most common mechanisms of injury were indeterminate contact or falling. This study provides novel information concerning trends in injury and injury profiles for Brazilian Jiu Jitsu related injuries.

Incidence and Risk Factor of Unintentional Fall Related Injuries Among Children in Tamil Nadu, India

Introduction: Injuries are a major global public health problem. There are very few community-based studies on childhood injury from India in this study, we identified the distribution and risk factors for fall-related child injuries in the Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nādu community. Methodology: A descriptive analysis was done among 710 children of age up to 14 years residing in the Kattankulathur region in Tamil Nādu. The appropriate number of samples were recruited using the cluster sampling method by dividing the subjects into separate clusters and from each cluster 40 samples were obtained. The information on fall-related injury was collected according to mechanism of ‘injury’ Results: The annual incidence of fall-related injuries was 9.1 %. About 72.3% of children had injuries at home and 36% of the persons had fractures in the upper limb. 42% of children had disability in their hands. The age, gender, education and type of family was significant to injury. Conclusion: Our study reported a higher incidence of Fall injuries in Tamil Nādu when compared other studies done in India. Male children are the most common victims of injury and also identified homes, roads/streets as the most common places for the occurrences of fall injury in children.

Pediatric all-terrain vehicle (ATV) related head injury rates and patterns: A 10-year nationwide analysis

IntroductionThe use of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) carries significant risk of permanent injury and death, disproportionately affecting children. These injuries commonly affect the head and are especially severe among children as they are often unhelmeted and more likely than adults to experience rollover injuries. Many studies examining patients with ATV-related injuries are single-center cohort studies, with few focusing specifically on head injuries. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the annual incidence of ATV-related head injuries between 2012 and 2021, classify and compare head injury types, and identify descriptive characteristics of ATV-related head injury victims. MethodsUsing the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database, we queried all head injuries associated with operating or riding an ATV in children under 18 years-old from over 100 emergency departments (EDs). Patient information regarding age, race, sex, location of incident, diagnoses, and sequelae were analyzed. We also collected the estimated number of ATV-related head injuries from all US EDs using the NEISS algorithm provided by the database. ResultsUsing the NEISS algorithm we identified 67,957 (95% CI: 43,608 - 92,305) total pediatric ATV-related head injuries between 2012 and 2021. The annual incidence of ATV-related head injury was similar throughout this study period except for a 20% increase during the COVID-19 pandemic period of 2019–2021 (2019: 6382 injuries, 2020: 6757 injuries, 2021: 7600 injuries). A subset of 1890 cases from approximately 100 EDs were then analyzed. Unspecified closed head injuries were the prevailing type of injury (38%, 900/1890), followed by concussions (27%, 510/1890). More severe injuries included intracranial hemorrhages in 91 children (3.8%, 91/1890). Injuries of all types were predominantly seen in 14–17 year-old's (780/1890, 41%) and in males (64.1%, 1211/1890). In addition, ATV-associated injuries were significantly more common in those coded as white (58.0%, 1096/1890) than any other racial group. ATV-associated accidents among children younger than 9 more commonly occurred at the home compared to accidents involving children older than 9 (57% vs. 32%, p < 0.0001). ConclusionATV-related head injuries cause a significant annual burden among children, with growing incidence in recent years. Further research may wish to explore potential benefits of helmet use and supervision of younger children in possible prevention of these accidents and their associated economic and non-economic costs.