Food Products Of Animal Origin Research Articles

Development of a real-time PCR protocol for the detection of chicken DNA in meat products

Food falsification is a pressing issue in today’s food industry, with fraudulent substitution of costly ingredients with cheaper alternatives occurring globally. Consequently, developing straightforward and efficient diagnostic systems to detect such fraud is a top priority in scientific research. The aim of the work was to develop a test system and protocol for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect in food products of animal origin the substitution of expensive meat raw materials for by-products of poultry processing. For this, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used, which allows determining the qualitative and quantitative substitution in raw and technologically prepared products. Other methods for detecting falsification – enzyme immunoassay (ELISA/ELISA) or express methods in the form of a lateral flow immunoassay are less informative. The extraction of nucleic acids for real-time polymerase chain reaction depends on the source matrix, with higher concentrations obtained from germ cells and parenchymal organs. Extraction from muscle and plant tissues is more challenging, but thorough grinding of these samples improves nucleic acid concentration by 1.5 times using DNA extraction kits. The selection of primers and fluorescent probes through GenBank and PCR Primer Design/DNASTAR software enables efficient amplification and identification of target chicken DNA fragments in various matrices.

Distribution of Listeria monocytogenes serogroups in food of animal origin produced in Poland during 2013–2022

Listeria monocytogenes is an important food-borne pathogen that causes severe disease in humans. Many different foods products may be vehicles of these pathogenic strains. The aims of this study were to identified serogroups L. monocytogenes isolates by using PCR and analyze the distribution of serogroups in different food products of animal origin. L. monocytogenes isolates from ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products (n = 1,571), non-meat RTE food (n = 237), and non-RTE products (n = 189) were collected during years 2013-2020. A total of 899 (45.0%) isolates, irrespective of the origin, were classified to serogroup IIa. The remaining 1,098 strains belonged either to serogroups IVb (478; 23.9%), IIc (347; 17.4%) or IIb (273; 13.7%), respectively. In the predominant group products, i.e. RTE food of meat origin, serogroup IIa (702; 44.7%) was the most common followed by IVb (334; 21.3%), IIc (300; 19.1%), and IIb (235; 14.9%), respectively. The statistical differences were observed between the prevalence of L. monocytogenes serogroup IIb in sausages and cold cuts (P < 0.0001), cold cuts and delicatessen food (P < 0.001), as well as strains of serogroup IVb from sausages and cold cuts (P < 0.001). The prevalence of serogroup IIa was statistically higher among strains of milk and milk products origin than RTE fish and fish products (P < 0.05). The differences (P < 0.0001) were also observed in the distribution of L. monocytogenes of serogroup IIa from mixed food and milk as well as fish products. Additionally, the occurrence of serogroup IVb in mixed food differed compared to other food categories, i.e. milk and fish products (P < 0.0001). The obtained results confirmed the presence of L. monocytogenes serogroups IIa and IVb in food of animal origin, including RTE products, that are responsible for listeriosis in humans and suggested that these food products may pose a potential health problem, particularly to sensitive groups of people.

Analysis of Meat Microbial Contamination on the Beef Supply Chain in Makassar City

The source of bacterial contamination begins when the animal is slaughtered until the meat is consumed. Slaughterhouses (RPH), slaughterhouses (TPH) and traditional markets are the greatest possibility for meat to be contaminated with bacteria. The research began by taking samples of fresh beef purchased from the Makassar City Slaughterhouse (RPH), Slaughterhouse (TPH) and sales stalls in the market. The meat samples that were obtained were then tested for TPC, Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp, pH, meat color and water holding capacity at the UPT Laboratory for Quality Testing of Livestock Products at the South Sulawesi Province Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service. It was concluded that there was e-coli microbial contamination in beef originating from RPH and TPH, salmonella showed negative results and the total plate count (TPC) was still within normal limits for microbial contamination and there was an influence of handling meat originating from RPH in the meat supply chain on meat quality of food products of animal origin.

Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics.

Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers' health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and priorities in food safety and quality. In addition, globalized and complex food supply chains have increased rapidly and contribute to a growing problem affecting local, regional and global food systems. Animal origin food products such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs and fish and fishery products are included in the most commonly adulterated food items. In order to prevent unfair competition and protect the rights of consumers, it is vital to detect any kind of adulteration to them. Geographical origin, production methods and farming systems, species identification, processing treatments and the detection of adulterants are among the important authenticity problems for these foods. The existence of accurate and automated analytical techniques in combination with available chemometric tools provides reliable information about adulteration and fraud. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present the advances made through recent studies in terms of the analytical techniques and chemometric approaches that have been developed to address the authenticity issues in animal origin food products.

Analysis of the demand for nutrients, ingredients, and food products of animal origin for the purpose of import substitution

Management of current scientifi c research and development is based on the life cycle of a product (goods), which begins with a marketing justifi cation for a development project and an analysis of the relevance of the problems. Therefore, the results of the author’s study of the potential demand for such items as raw materials, ingredients, food products, etc., which need to be developed in the context of industrial import substitution in our country, may be useful.

New approaches to the determination of organochlorine pesticides in food products and food raw materials

Introduction. The current methods for determining the residual amounts of organochlorine pesticides – 4,4-dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane (DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (α, β, γ isomers) in food products and food raw materials, subject to mandatory declaration for their content, despite a fairly high sensitivity, are characterized by low measurement selectivity and are based on the use of obsolete equipment, time-consuming sample preparation. 
 Material and methods. In the work, the method of gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection on a gas chromatograph “Khromatek-Kristall 5000.2” was used. Sample preparation was carried out by the method of matrix solid-phase dispersion, based on the destruction and dispersion of the analysed sample together with florisil in order to obtain a free-flowing dry mixture.
 Results. The effectiveness of the method has been proven by validation on 16 model samples of food products of animal origin of various compositions. The versatility of the analysis procedure is ensured by the systematization of food products according to their structural and mechanical properties into groups: liquid, having a finely dispersed structure and a high water content (group A); viscous and pasty products having a fine structure (group B); products of animal origin requiring grinding and dispersion (semi-solid and solid), having a high water and/or fat content, not free-flowing (Group B); dry products of animal origin (dried or freeze-dried), and/or free-flowing powdered products with a low water content that require wetting, grinding and dispersion (Group D). Ingredient composition (water, fat, protein, hydrocarbons) does not significantly affect the stability and reproducibility of the developed method.
 Limitations. The method has been tested and validated on samples of food products of animal origin. 
 Conclusion. The developed method for the determination of DDT and its metabolites, HCH (isomers α, β, γ), providing a range of measured concentrations (0.01–1.0 mg/kg) will make it possible to control the content of substances in all groups of food products of animal origin identified in the TR CU 021/11 “On food safety”, including products for baby food.

The Sosialisasi Pangan Darurat: Pengasapan Pangan Asal Hewani di Kelompok Sari Tani Kecamatan Cugenang Kabupaten Cianjur

Cianjur is a high-risk area for seismic disasters, so it is important to pay attention to emergency food supplies. One type of emergency food that could be developed is smoked foods of animal origin (PAH). The activities carried out are aimed at generating enthusiasm and enhancing the skills of the community so that they can continue to process food products of animal origin and can produce them independently. So that Cianjur, especially Cugenang district, becomes a disaster-resilient area. future area. PKM activities were carried out on August 18, 2023 at Sari Tani Group's business location, Wangun Jaya Village, Cugenang District, Cianjur, West Java, with Sari Tani Group partners. The steps taken to implement PKM activities included discussion, socialization, and evaluation of the activities (pre-test and post-test). The results of PKM activities show a change in the level of understanding of participants about influencing factors, processing steps and methods that can be applied in smoking technology of original food products. animals, from 20% to 93.33%. PKM results also showed changes in participants' level of knowledge about correct methods according to regulations of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the role of smoke chemicals in the process. disinfection and any negative effects that may arise from root-based disinfection technology from 6.67% to 86.67%.

Candidate genes associated with heat stress and breeding strategies to relieve its effects in dairy cattle: a deeper insight into the genetic architecture and immune response to heat stress.

The need for food products of animal origin is increasing worldwide. Satisfying these needs in a way that has minimal impact on the environment requires cutting-edge technologies and techniques to enhance the genetic quality of cattle. Heat stress (HS), in particular, is affecting dairy cattle with increasing frequency and severity. As future climatic challenges become more evident, identifying dairy cows that are more tolerant to HS will be important for breeding dairy herds that are better adapted to future environmental conditions and for supporting the sustainability of dairy farming. While research into the genetics of HS in the context of the effect of global warming on dairy cattle is gaining momentum, the specific genomic regions involved in heat tolerance are still not well documented. Advances in omics information, QTL mapping, transcriptome profiling and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genomic regions and variants associated with tolerance to HS. Such studies could provide deeper insights into the genetic basis for response to HS and make an important contribution to future breeding for heat tolerance, which will help to offset the adverse effects of HS in dairy cattle. Overall, there is a great interest in identifying candidate genes and the proportion of genetic variation associated with heat tolerance in dairy cattle, and this area of research is currently very active worldwide. This review provides comprehensive information pertaining to some of the notable recent studies on the genetic architecture of HS in dairy cattle, with particular emphasis on the identified candidate genes associated with heat tolerance in dairy cattle. Since effective breeding programs require optimal knowledge of the impaired immunity and associated health complications caused by HS, the underlying mechanisms by which HS modulates the immune response and renders animals susceptible to various health disorders are explained. In addition, future breeding strategies to relieve HS in dairy cattle and improve their welfare while maintaining milk production are discussed.

Monitoring of Tetracycline Group Antibiotic Residues in Various Food Products of Animal Origin in the Turkish Market

The aim of this study was to detect the presence of antibiotic residues in foods of animal origin, including 42 pieces of chicken gizzard and 46 pieces of bovine kidney and 102 chicken eggs belonging to various brands. These samples were gathered from December 2020 to April 2021 in the Aegean province of Turkey. A sensitive, simple, rapid, experimentally convenient and cost effective RP-LC method with high recovery output was developed. The method was thoroughly validated for the optimized parameters and produced satisfactory results. The analysis of bovine offal by the developed RP-LC method showed the presence of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline residues in 14 (30.43%) kidney samples. Chlortetracycline was detected in 7 (16.67%) chicken gizzard samples. In addition, the analysis of chicken eggs revealed the presence of oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues in nine egg samples (8.82%). Since, the amount of antibiotic residues in these samples was below the detection limit, quantification could not be carried out. Only one (0.98%) of the 102 egg samples exceeded the MRL (267.1 mg/kg) for oxytetracycline concentration. According to the study's overall findings, it is recommended that tetracycline antibiotics should be regularly checked in a variety of foods made from animals because they were found in 32 out of 190 analysed samples. Tetracycline residues may pose dangers to human health, so it's important to conduct further research and more information should be given for both producers and consumers.

Investigation of transformation products of selected veterinary drugs generated by electrochemistry, microsomal assays, hydrolysis & photolysis

The knowledge of transformation pathways and transformation products of veterinary drugs is important for health, food and environmental matters. Residues (original veterinary drug and transformation products) are found in food products of animal origin and also in the environment (e.g., soil or surface water). Several transformation processes can alter the original veterinary drug, ranging from biotransformation in living organism to environmental degradation processes like photolysis, hydrolysis, or microbial processes. In this thesis, four veterinary drugs were investigated, three ionophore antibiotics Monensin, Salinomycin and Lasalocid and the macrocyclic lactone Moxidectin. Ionophore antibiotics are mainly used to cure and prevent coccidiosis in poultry especially prophylactic in broiler farming. Moxidectin is an antiparasitic drug and is used for the treatment of internal and external parasites in food‐ producing and companion animals. The main objective of this work was the usage of different laboratory approaches to generate and identify transformation products. The identification was conducted using high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS). A major focus was put on the application of electrochemistry for simulation of transformation processes. The electrochemical reactor, equipped with a three‐electrode flow‐through cell, enabled the oxidation or reduction by applying a potential. Derived transformation products were analyzed by online coupling of the electrochemical reactor and a HR‐MS and offline by liquid chromatography (LC) combined with HR‐MS. The main modification reaction of the identified transformation products was different for each investigated veterinary drug. Monensin was showing decarboxylation and demethylation as main modification reactions, for Salinomycin mostly decarbonylation was occurring and for Lasalocid methylation was prevalent. For Moxidectin I observed oxidation (hydroxylation) reaction and adduct formation with solvent. In general, for salinomycin and Lasalocid more transient transformation products (online measurement) than stable transformation products (offline measurements) were detected. In contrast, the number of transformation products using online and offline measurements were identical for monensin and moxidectin. As a complementary approach, metabolism tests with rat or human liver microsomes were made for the ionophore antibiotics. Monensin was investigated by using rat liver microsomes and identified transformation products were based on decarboxylation and demethylation. Salinomycin and Lasalocid were converted by human and rat liver microsomes. For both substances were more transformation products found by using human liver microsomes. The transformation products of the rat liver microsome conversion were redundant, the transformation products were also found at the human liver microsome assay. Oxidation (hydroxylation) was found to be the main modification reaction for both. In addition, a frequent ion‐exchange between sodium and potassium was identified. The last two experiments were performed for one substance each, the hydrolysis of monensin and the photolysis of moxidectin was investigated. The transformation products of the pH‐ dependent hydrolysis were based on ring‐opening and dehydration. Moxidectin formed several transformation products by irradiation with UV‐C light and main modification reactions were isomeric changes, (de‐)hydration and changes of the methoxime moiety. In summary, transformation products of the four investigated veterinary drugs were generated by the different laboratory approaches. Most of the identified transformation products were identified for the first time. The resulting findings provide an understanding for clarifying the transformation behavior.

Major food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens of livestock origin: Review

Animal food-borne microbes are pathogens that jeopardize food safety and cause illness in humans via natural infection or contamination. Most of those microbes are bacteria that have considerable impacts on public health. Their survival and pathogenicity are due to toxin production, biofilm development, spore formation, disinfection resistance, and other traits. However, detailed information about them is scattered across scientific literature.
 We aimed to compile information about major zoonotic bacteria linked with human food of livestock origin and describe their typical features, transmission modes, detection, and preventative approaches. In particular, we addressed the following pathogens that cause food-borne disease worldwide: Campylobacter, Salmonella, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Brucella, Clostridium, Mycobacterium, Colibacilus, and some others.
 Many of those bacteria have substantial reservoirs in food animals, and food products of animal origin are the primary vehicles of their transmission. Human beings become affected by food-borne zoonotic bacteria if they consume raw animal products or foods produced by using unstandardized slaughtering methods or unsanitary preparation and handling procedures. These zoonotic bacteria and their toxins can be detected in food by culturing, serological, and molecular diagnostic methods. They are effectively controlled and prevented by good hygiene, good management practices, cooking, and pasteurization protocols. 
 In addition, there is a need for a centralized surveillance and monitoring system, as well as higher awareness in society of the occurrence, prevention, and control of bacterial pathogens related to food animals.

Toxicological characteristics of the probiotic drug Bioseven

Ukraine's food security is determined by the production of a sufficient number of high-quality, ecologically harmless, complete food products of animal origin. Bacterial preparations based on live microbial cultures - pre and probiotics - have become widely used in most countries of the world, including Ukraine, in the technological process of growing agricultural animals, especially poultry. The purpose of the work was to conduct a toxicological characterization of the probiotic preparation Bioseven. The following research methods were used to obtain scientific information: zootechnical, zoohygienic, morphological, biochemical, statistical. The research was conducted on white Wistar rats of both sexes. Healthy animals with the ap propriate body weight were used in the experiments. Fluctuations in body weight in the respective groups did not exceed ±10.0 %. Animals were kept in groups in cages in compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. It was established that when Bioseven was administered to white rats in doses of 1000, 2500, 5000 mg/kg, all animals remained alive and clinically healthy: the behavior of the animals was typical for this species of rodents. Activity, grooming, breathing rate, feed and water consumption in all groups did not differ significantly and were within physiological norms, no signs of intoxication were registered. Under the conditions of intragastric administration of the drug Bioseven LD 50 for white mice and rats is more than 5000 mg/kg of body weight. The use of the drug Bio-seven in the above doses for 30 days leads to kidney and liver damage in the animals of the third experimental group (10-fold dose). The application of the drug Bioseven to the animals of the two experimental groups did not show probable changes in the morphological and biochemical indicators of the blood compared to the control. The level of endogenous intoxication of the body of white rats (SZE) did not change between experimental animals. Thus, the toxicological characteristics of the probiotic preparation Bioseven indicate the absence of a suppressive effect of the probiotic Bioseven on the metabolic processes of the body of laboratory animals. Key words: probiotic, toxicological characteristics, suppressive effect, biochemical, ecologically harmless, complete, food products, animal origin, food safety, consumer.

Clostridioides difficile in food and food products of animal origin in Assam, India

ObjectiveConsidering the paucity of information about food-associated Clostridioides difficile from India, a study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of C. difficile in a variety of foods of animal origin, together with molecular strain characterization and antimicrobial resistance. MethodsA total of 235 samples comprising raw meat and meat products, fish products, and milk and milk products were screened for C. difficile. Toxin genes and other parts of PaLoc were amplified in isolated strains. The resistance pattern towards commonly used antimicrobial agents was studied by the Epsilometric test. ResultsC. difficile was isolated from 17(7.23%) different food samples of animal origin, including toxigenic (6) and non-toxigenic (11) isolates. In four toxigenic strains, the tcdA gene could not be detected under used conditions (tcdA-tcdB+). However, all strains had binary toxin-associated genes (cdtA and cdtB). The antimicrobial resistance was highest in non-toxigenic C. difficile isolates in food of animal origin. ConclusionMeat, meat products and dry fish, but not milk and milk products were contaminated with C. difficile. Contamination rates were low with diverse toxin profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns among the C. difficile strains.

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella Serotypes Isolated from Environment, Humans, Animals, and Animal Products in Morocco: A Systematic Review

Several studies have been carried out in Morocco on Salmonella contamination in humans, domestic and wild animals, food products, and the environment. This bacterial genus is responsible for several infections and foodborne illnesses worldwide. The epidemiological situation of contamination by Salmonella is worsened by the development of antibiotic resistance to the main antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine. The purpose of this study was to review the leading research carried out in this field, emphasizing the antibiotic resistance of this bacterium to antibiotics in humans and animals. Although some studies could not demonstrate the presence of Salmonella in the environments studied, the prevalence of contamination remained relatively high in humans, animals, food products, and the environment. The most critical contaminations were observed in poultry farms and poultry meat. Salmonella causes 42.8% of food poisoning cases in Morocco. It is the second most common cause of poisoning after pesticide poisoning. Morocco ranks first in the Middle East and North Africa for human salmonellosis, with a prevalence of 17.9% (1997-2012). Its prevalence in food products, especially those of animal origin, is very high and could reach 52.9% in turkey meat. Food products have been studied more for their contamination by Salmonella species. Meat products accounted for 17.35% of food poisoning cases. This study revealed that the isolation rate of Salmonella from food products of animal origin was dominated by isolations from meat products, with prevalence rates of 41.76 % from red meat and meat products and 25.88% from poultry meat, followed by prevalence rates of 12.44 % from fish products and 11.80 % from eggs. On the coast of Agadir, the incidence rates of Salmonella were 6.8% and 4.1% in sediment and seawater, respectively. This occurrence was 2.38% in the surface waters of Oued Khoumane. The development of resistance, particularly multi-resistance to antibiotics of therapeutic interest in both humans and animals, is alarming, especially with the ease of transmission of the bacterium to humans and facilitates its dissemination. Research findings indicated that 93.02% of isolates of Salmonella from humans, 79.37% of the strains isolated from poultry, and 46.27% of isolates from food products were resistant to at least one antibiotic.

POTENSI DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PETERNAKAN AYAM KAMPUNG DI KOTA PADANG PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

Food independence is a reference for a country in solving various problems related to the availability of the necessities of life for people who do not depend on other countries, especially the livestock sector. Prioritizing the development of local livestock such as native chickens as producers of food products of animal origin, able to answer challenges in the world of animal husbandry as it is today. This study aims to: (1) conduct an analysis of the factors that influence the development of free-range chicken in the city of Padang, (2) provide an alternative strategy based on the potential of the city of Padang for a better free-range chicken development effort. This research was conducted by conducting surveys and direct observations at the research site. The research was carried out in three stages: 1) Identifying and analyzing external factors from the free-range chicken development effort, 2) Identifying and analyzing the internal factors of the free-range chicken development business, and 3) Creating alternative strategies for the development of free-range chicken livestock in the city of Padang. From the results of the study, it is known that the city of Padang has a carrying capacity index of 9.2 which means that it is included in the category of good carrying capacity for the development of free-range chicken businesses. Keywords: Strategy, Native Chickens, Carrying Capacity Index

Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella strains isolated from food products of animal origin in Ukraine between 2018-2021

Salmonellosis is a zoonotic infection of humans and animals. In recent years, an increase in the number of resistant strains of Salmonella from animals and animal products have been recorded. We conducted microbiological testing and antibiotic resistance profile of 34 Salmonella strains isolated from foods of animal origin between 2018 to 2021 in Ukraine. Twenty isolates were successfully assigned to six different serovars [S. Enteritidis (n=13, S. Infantis (n=2), S. Schwarzengrund (n=1), S. Livingstone (n=2), S. Vuadens (n=1) and S. Hadar (n=1)], and 14 isolates remained untyped. Most of the isolated strains were recovered from poultry products. The strains were tested for six antibacterial groups: quinolones, aminoglycosides, β-lactams, cephalosporins, phenols, and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors by disc diffusion method. The highest level of resistance was recorded to 4th generation cephalosporins, e.g., cefepime (88.2%). The lowest level of resistance was to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone (5.9%). No resistance was found to imipenem and aminoglycoside antibiotics, particularly gentamicin and amikacin. The study results are of concern because antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes can cause human infections by penetration and transmission at any stage of the food production cycle. Further research is required to monitor the contamination of food products of animal origin with salmonellosis pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant strains.

Absence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Italian Lagomorph Species Sampled between 2019 and 2021.

The zoonotic hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) causes most autochthonous human hepatitis E cases in Europe, which are due to the consumption of raw or undercooked food products of animal origin. Pigs and wild boars are considered the main reservoirs of this genotype, while rabbits are the reservoir of a distinct phylogenetic group named HEV-3ra, which is classified within the HEV-3 genotype but in a separate clade. Evidence for the zoonotic potential of HEV-3ra was suggested by its detection in immunocompromised patients in several European countries. HEV-3ra infection was found in farmed and feral rabbit populations worldwide and its circulation was reported in a few European countries, including Italy. Furthermore, Italy is one of the major rabbit meat producers and consumers across Europe, but only a few studies investigated the presence of HEV in this reservoir. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of HEV in 328 Italian hares and 59 farmed rabbits collected in 3 Italian macro-areas (North, North-Central, and South-Central), between 2019 and 2021. For this purpose, liver samples were used to detect HEV RNA using broad-range real-time RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR. Using 28 liver transudates from hares, the ELISA test for anti-HEV IgG detection was also performed. Neither HEV RNA nor anti-HEV antibodies were detected. Further studies will be conducted to assess the HEV presence in Italian lagomorphs to establish the role of this host and the possible risk of transmission for workers with occupational exposure, to pet owners and via food.

The use of phytobiotics-based films as a condition of improving food quality and reducing waste

The study analyses the biodegradation degree of biodegradable phytobiotic-based films for packaging food products of animal origin. During the research the authors have completed the following tasks: studied the biodegradation degree of starch-and gelatin-based films, the structure of biodegradable natural polysaccharides-based polymers, water absorption of biodegradable edible films, the chemical stability of biodegradable natural polysaccharides-based polymers, pH and water activity. The study of the biodegradation parameters of phytobiotic edible films will allow the development of a new approach to the production process of edible packaging with an extended shelf life based on concentrated cranberry and lingonberry juice. The study has also evaluated the biodegradation parameters of edible protective coatings for products of animal origin. All the samples had almost complete biodegradation in one month’s time. The biodegradation rate is directly proportional to the presence of plant polysaccharides. The article presents the product characteristics of boiled-smoked meat products in biodegradable packages and describes a production process of meat products with phytobiotic coatings, including additional operations for preparing coating compositions, their application to raw smoked products, as well as drying of coatings on product’s surface. The research has shown that all studied firm samples are biodegradable.

Technical and technological provision of ecologically safe production of agricultural products, harmonized with natural human needs

Purpose. Determine the relevance of technical and technological support for ecologically safe production of agricultural products, harmonized with natural human needs. Methods. Comparative-analytical, agro-analytical and statistical research methods were used. Results. By analyzing the results of scientific research and practical recommendations of nutritionists and producers of agricultural products, a set of measures aimed at preserving the state of the environment, orienting people to natural nutrition and maintaining the appropriate level of soil fertility was determined. Conclusions 1. The use of large doses of chemically produced nutrients by plants has had a negative impact on the environment and the quality of food products. 2. One of the urgent problems of agricultural production is the emission of greenhouse gases from the production of food products of animal husbandry and poultry farming. 3. The use of livestock and poultry waste without transforming it into organic fertilizers through composting leads to soil contamination with heavy metals and harmful organisms. 4. To preserve soil fertility, it is necessary to attract natural elements, the deposits of which are sufficient in Ukraine, as well as sources of plant origin. Keywords: global warming, production of food products of animal origin, natural human nutrition, organic fertilizers, compensation of organic fertilizers in the soil.

Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on growth, meat quality, selenium concentration and biochemical traits serum of pigs

Natural substances of plant origin play an important role in the protection of animal health and the improvement of the quality and health safety of food products of animal origin. The research was carried out to determine the effect oregano essential oil, as a feed additive on the production effects, quality and chemical composition of meat, as well as on the level of selenium in pig tissues and selected serum biochemical indicators. The study did not show a significant effect of the preparation containing oregano oil used in the feeding of fattening pigs on the body weight of fattening pigs, their growth rate, as well as feed intake and utilization. Chemical analysis showed that pigs receiving the addition of oregano oil achieved significantly higher (p0.05) content of dry matter and protein in the Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. The LD muscle colour assessment showed that supplementation of the pig diet during the fattening period with oregano oil had a significant effect on the yellow colour component of meat (higher b* values; p0.05). Supplementation with oregano oil contributed to a significant reduction in serum triglyceride concentration (p0.05). The results of this study suggest that supplementation of the pigs' diet with oregano oil contributes to the increase in the yellowness of meat and the content of dry matter and protein as well as to the decrease in the concentration of triglycerides in the serum.