Anglo-papal Relations Research Articles

New Books across the Disciplines

New Books across the Disciplines

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy, by Barbara Bombi

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy, by Barbara Bombi

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy by Barbara Bombi

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy by Barbara Bombi

Bishop Bateman and Bury St Edmunds: The Two Laws Clash

Abstract Bishop Bateman’s assertion of his authority over the exempt abbey of Bury St Edmunds in 1345 brought him into conflict with a house closely linked to both papacy and Crown, and came at a time of Anglo-papal tensions. Bateman was no anti-papalist but, as a legal rigorist, wanted to satisfy himself about Bury’s claims to exemption and restrain its monks’ extra-mural misbehaviour. He had some basis for this in canon law, but the ensuing lawsuit at the papal curia seemed to be going against him until swept aside by a writ of prohibition. The monastery looked to the Crown as its chief protector, and the English courts asserted royal rights aggressively. They found Bateman and his commissaries in contempt for breaching the prohibition and for asserting that only the pope could confer exemption; the abbey’s papal privileges were only confirmations of royal charters. They confiscated Bateman’s temporalities and imposed massive fines, and the pope was powerless to intervene. This amounted to a repudiation of 250 years of canon law, harking back to the eleventh-century Eigenkirche. But Edward III needed Bateman as a diplomat, and imposed a compromise under which both sides withdrew their suits and he pardoned the bishop. As Anglo-papal relations settled after 1350, the Crown let canon law stand and did not enforce the doctrines developed in this case. Edward was content with bringing his bishops to heel, and the two systems resumed their normal co-operation. Still, the courts had set a new precedent for royal control.

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy by Barbara Bombi

Anglo-Papal Relations in the Early Fourteenth Century: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy by Barbara Bombi

Between Papacy and Empire: Cardinal Henry Beaufort, the House of Lancaster, and the Hussite Crusades

Abstract Cardinal Henry Beaufort’s career as papal legate and anti-Hussite crusader was as scandalous as it was brief. Commanded in 1427 by Pope Martin V (1417–31) to spearhead Christendom’s efforts to extirpate the Hussite heresy in Bohemia, Beaufort eventually succeeded in raising a crusading army in England in the summer of 1429 with money from the papacy and the proceeds from taxation levied in the Holy Roman Empire. Beaufort then shocked contemporaries by taking his crusading army not to Bohemia, but instead to France, where it was deployed in support of Lancastrian ambitions. Current scholarship fails to make full sense of Beaufort’s career as anti-Hussite crusader because it has largely viewed it through the prism of Anglo-papal relations. This article will demonstrate that Beaufort’s crusading legation can be far better understood when situated in its contemporary continental context. Framing Beaufort’s career more carefully in the context of papal and imperial politics makes possible a fundamental reassessment of his crusading legation, and highlights hitherto unrecognised factors which pushed him to the fore of the efforts to crush Hussitism. A close study of the responses to Beaufort’s anti-Hussite efforts also points to the hope and concern he generated across Christendom, revealing how historians have underestimated the importance of Beaufort’s legation to the crusading movement in the fifteenth century and the interest which crusading legations could arouse among contemporaries.

Prelude to Forgery: Baldwin of Bury meets Pope Alexander II

Abstract This article argues that we can only understand Bury St Edmunds’ post-Conquest dossier of forged Anglo-Saxon royal diplomas by viewing it alongside that house’s earlier acquisition of an authentic papal privilege from Alexander II (Oct. 1071). That is, the hitherto overlooked failure of that the genuine papal document to find any acceptance in 1070s England necessitated Bury’s recourse to royal forgery. The implications of this go well beyond Bury. Abbot Baldwin’s initial optimism in eliciting papal support sprang from the renewed strength of Anglo-papal relations in the decades preceding the Norman Conquest. The genuine document’s failure, and the subsequent turn to forging royal texts, is mirrored by an almost total absence of evidence of petitions for papal support in the post-Conquest decades. In light of this, we must be wary of attempts to date any part of the wider corpus of forged papal documents for English beneficiaries within these same immediately post-Conquest years: the failed application of even genuine papal acta under the new Anglo-Norman regime suggests that attempts to forge similar specimens would have been highly unlikely in this period. The article’s appendix comprises the first full critical edition of the Alexander II privilege, together with an English translation.

Andrea Sapiti: His Origins, and His Register as a Curial Proctor

The article concerns the register of Andrea Sapiti, who was the proctor of Edward II and Edward III at the papal curia during the first four decades of the fourteenth century and had among his clients a number of English prelates and royal officials. Andrea Sapiti was a Florentine notary who moved to Avignon in the early fourteenth century, soon becoming the main advisor of Walter Reynolds, archbishop of Canterbury. His career was unique and favoured his family, which managed to establish connections in England, France, Italy and Ireland. The register of Sapiti sheds new light on the system of petitioning the papal curia at the time. The article analyses two case studies, which provide new evidence on communication between English and papal administrative systems and indicates interesting issues concerning the papal policy on benefices in England and more generally Anglo-papal relations on the eve of the Hundred Years’ War. The register of Andrea Sapiti is matched with documents produced by the apostolic chancery and chamber, the English royal chancery as well as episcopal and local records. Three documents, which are analysed in detail in the article, are edited in two appendices.

:England, Rome and the Papacy 1417-1464: The Study of a Relationship

Part 1 Personnel: the resident Royal Proctor some English Curiales hospices and pilgrims the English network rewards using the system. Part 2 Diplomacy: Martin V and Henry V Martin V and the minority government Anglo-Papal relations 1431-1447, 1447-1458 Pius II and England. Part 3 Theory and belief: Pope and council episcopate and papacy.

The Benefice as Property: an Aspect of Anglo-papal Relations during the Pontificate of Martin V, 1417–31

In the reign of Pope Martin V relations between the papacy and the English Crown were dominated by the struggle of the papacy to obtain the repeal of the Statutes against Provisors. The outlines of the story are well known, and recently Dr Davies has filled in the political details, particularly concerning bishoprics: Martin V, having tried from the outset of his pontificate to persuade the Crown to repeal die Statutes, finally lost patience and, in 1427, suspended the Archbishop of Canterbury as legatus natus until Chichele pleaded the papal case before Council and Parliament.

The Cardinal Protectors of England: Rome and the Tudors before the Reformation

A personal and political history, unpredictable and often tragic, of the series of Italian cardinals who undertook, at the invitation of the crown, to serve the king and England in the papal court. It also investigates fully the character of Anglo-papal relations in the two generations before the break with Rome. The familiar story of Henry VIII's campaign to divorce Catherine of Aragon is presented in its full context and from a Roman point of view. The account begins with the origins of the cardinal protectorship under Henry VII and concentrates on the long and intimate relationship of Henry VIII and Wolsey with Giulio de'Medici (later Pope Clement VII) and Lorenzo Campeggio, the cardinal protectors of England from 1514 until 1534 and the two Roman churchmen most involved in the divorce. The important matter of papal provisions to bishoprics in England and Ireland as well as in Scotland and elsewhere is studied against a background of European diplomacy and personal intrigue.

Ireland and Anglo-papal relations, 1880-85

The search for a solution to the Irish question in the 19th century led to several attempts to obtain the support of the papacy for the policies of the English government. Though England and the papacy never maintained formal diplomatic relations, mattels of common interest were dealt with by a succession of agents resident in Rome. Around 1850 began the practice of getting an envoy formally accredited to Tuscany to reside in Rome and to treat with the Vatican. The most famous of these was Odo Russell (later Lord Ampthill) whose stay in Rome lasted from 1858 to 1870. After the disappearance of Tuscany as a separate state in 1860 his accreditation was to Naples. In 1861, on the fall of Naples, he ceased formally to be accredited. The pope would not, of course, treat with any envoy accredited to the new kingdom of Italy. Russell kept the government’s view of Irish problems before the pope and may have been partly responsible for Pio Nono’s condemnation of Fenianism in January 1870. Russell’s successor, Sir Henry Jervoise, remained only until 1874 when he was withdrawn by Lord Derby and not replaced.

Works of Art from Rome for Henry VIII: A Study of Anglo-Papal Relations as Reflected in Papal Gifts to the English King

Works of Art from Rome for Henry VIII: A Study of Anglo-Papal Relations as Reflected in Papal Gifts to the English King

England and the Roman Curia under Innocent III

The relations of England with the Curia in the thirteenth century is hardly a subject neglected by historians. From A. L. Smith to C. H. Lawrence stretches a long line of scholars who have been concerned during the last sixty years or so with the impact of papal authority on this country in that century. Meanwhile, on the continent, the vast output of studies on papal doctrine and curial machinery elucidate the particular question of England's links with Rome. When so much has been written, and where so many experts are in the room, it is temerarious to say more. I do not intend to present a startling new view of Anglo-papal relations in the time of Innocent III. My object is much more modest. For the last few years Mrs. Cheney and I have been tracing as much as possible of the correspondence between the Roman Curia and England during that pontificate, 1198–1216. All I want to do is to offer a few facts and figures and reflexions which come from our search.

Financial Relations of the Papacy with England, 1327–1534. By William E. Lunt. (Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, ii). Pp. xviii + 840. Cambridge, Mass.: Medieval Academy of America, 1962. n.p.

Financial Relations of the Papacy with England, 1327–1534. By William E. Lunt. (Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, ii). Pp. xviii + 840. Cambridge, Mass.: Medieval Academy of America, 1962. n.p.

Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, II. Financial Relations of the Papacy with England, 1327-1534.

Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, II. Financial Relations of the Papacy with England, 1327-1534.

Cardinal Consalvi and Anglo-Papal Relations, 1814–1824. By <italic>John Tracy Ellis</italic>, Assistant Professor of History in the Catholic University of America. (Washington: Catholic University of America Press. 1942. Pp. xi, 202. $2.50.)

Cardinal Consalvi and Anglo-Papal Relations, 1814–1824. By John Tracy Ellis, Assistant Professor of History in the Catholic University of America. (Washington: Catholic University of America Press. 1942. Pp. xi, 202. $2.50.) Cardinal Consalvi and Anglo-Papal Relations, 1814–1824. By Ellis John Tracy, Assistant Professor of History in the Catholic University of America. (Washington: Catholic University of America Press. 1942. Pp. xi, 202. $2.50.) Herbert C. F. Bell Herbert C. F. Bell Wesleyan University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 48, Issue 4, July 1943, Pages 785–786, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/48.4.785 Published: 01 July 1943

<italic>Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327</italic>. By William E. Lunt, Scull Professor of English Constitutional History, Haverford College. [The Mediaeval Academy of America, Publication No. 33, Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, I.] (Cambridge: Mediaeval Academy of America. 1939, Pp. xv, 759. $6.00.)

<italic>Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327</italic>. By William E. Lunt, Scull Professor of English Constitutional History, Haverford College. [The Mediaeval Academy of America, Publication No. 33, Studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, I.] (Cambridge: Mediaeval Academy of America. 1939, Pp. xv, 759. $6.00.)

Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327. (studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, I.)

Financial Relations of the Papacy with England to 1327. (studies in Anglo-Papal Relations during the Middle Ages, I.)