Coastal Andhra Pradesh Research Articles

Enhancing sesame yield and profitability through refurbished tractor-drawn seed drills in coastal Andhra Pradesh

Enhancing sesame yield and profitability through refurbished tractor-drawn seed drills in coastal Andhra Pradesh

Assessing the performance of cocoa grown under different cropping systems in various soils of coastal Andhra Pradesh

Assessing the performance of cocoa grown under different cropping systems in various soils of coastal Andhra Pradesh

Study on phenology of mango (Mangifera indica L.) commercial varieties of coastal Andhra Pradesh

Study on phenology of mango (Mangifera indica L.) commercial varieties of coastal Andhra Pradesh

Frequency of Glutathione S-transferase Polymorphisms in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh: A Case-Control Study

Frequency of Glutathione S-transferase Polymorphisms in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh: A Case-Control Study

Growth parameters and economics of rice varieties under aged seedling transplantation in north coastal Andhra Pradesh

Growth parameters and economics of rice varieties under aged seedling transplantation in north coastal Andhra Pradesh

Distribution, characteristics and ecological risk of microplastics in beach sediments along the Northern coast of Andhra Pradesh, India

Microplastics (MPs) are among the most important emerging contaminants found in marine habitats globally, mandating to comprehend the nature and extent of its pollution in coastal environments before suggesting any mitigation measures. This study aims to investigate the level of MPs contamination in the sediments of 31 beaches along the Northern coast of India's second-longest coastline, the Andhra Pradesh coastline. The sediment samples were analysed to determine the presence of MPs and to investigate their abundance, morphology, spatial distribution, and polymer composition. An aggregate of 346 MP particles were recovered from all the 31 locations by analysing a 20 g sample from each site, with size ranging from 50 to 2000 μm. The average abundance estimated was 564 particles/kg with fibres (89.667 %) as the dominant shape followed by films (8.17 %), fragments (1.88 %) and foam (0.31 %). Transparent, black and blue coloured particles were majorly observed while, other colours identified were brown, red, yellow, pink and green. The predominant polymer type identified by ATR-FTIR and µ-Raman Spectroscopy was polyethylene terephthalate, followed by polypropylene, polystyrene, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, and polyester. Further this study also performed a preliminary ecological risk assessment of MPs for the northern Andhra Pradesh coast using PLI and RQ. The PLI computed was >1, indicating pollution. Additionally, 15 of the locations examined have RQ values greater than 1, indicating potential threat to the ecosystem. The findings have provided insights into the risks that can be posed by MPs throughout the Northern coast of Andhra Pradesh, highlighting the absolute necessity of creating effective plans for their control and reduction.

Incidence of Rice Stem Borers in Coastal Andhra Pradesh with Emphasis on <i>Sesamia inferens</i> (Walker)

A roving survey was conducted in the rice crop grown in coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh during rabi, 2021-22 and 2022-23. Overall mean stem borer incidence varied from 13.59% - 14.83% in both the seasons. Larvae of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), Sesamia inferens (Walker), Chilo polychrysus (Meyers) and Chilo auricilius (Dudgeon), were recorded from four districts during the survey. Among the stem borers, S. incertulas was the most predominant species (53.37%) followed by S. inferens (44.7%). Natural larval parasitization (21%) of S. inferens by Cotesia flavipes Cameron was observed in West Godavari district. The biology of S. inferens was studied on rice cv. MTU 1121. The average larval period recorded was 32.40± 0.35 days. Total life cycle of S. inferens ranged between 41-65 and 46-73 days for male and female moths, respectively. Current study suggests that S. inferens could be a potential threat to rice cultivation in coastal Andhra Pradesh.

Studies on the Flora and Vegetation of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India

In this paper a brief account of the vegetation and flora of the Coastal Andhra Pradesh has been given based on field observations and plant collections made during four tours. The enumeration includes 257 species with short ecological annotations under each.

Effect of Varieties and Dates of Sowing on Seed Yield of Sunhemp

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Stattion, Amadalavalasa to identify a suitable sunhemp variety and sowing window during Khariff or obtaining higher yields in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh. The soil of experimental site was sandy loam in texture, medium in alkaline reaction (pH: 8.24), non-saline (EC: 0.22 dS m-1), low in organic carbon (0.5%), low in available nitrogen (219.3 kg ha-1), low in available phosphorus (22.18 kg P2O5 ha-1) and medium in available potassium (268.3 kg K2O ha-1). The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four main plot treatments, three subplot treatments and with three replications. The main treatments comprised of four dates of sowing viz., D1: 1st may,D2:15th may,D3:1st june and D4: 15th june. The sub plot treatments comprised of three varieties viz., V1: K12 yellow, V2: K12 black and V3: SH 4. All the cultural practices were adopted as per the recommendations of University. The results of the experiment indicated that growth and yield of sunhemp was significantly influenced by variety as well as date of sowing. It was evident that sowing of sunhemp in North Coastal AndhraPradesh on 15th June was optimum as it recorded shorter plant height (224.8 cm), early flowering i.e flower initiation at 80 days, 50% flowering in 91 days, higher plant population and significantly higher seed yield (2.35 q/ha) was recorded. Among the varieties tested SH 4 produced taller plants exhibited early flowering and finally recorded significantly higher seed yield (2.16 q/ha). However, plant population did not vary significantly among the varieties. Interaction between dates of sowing and varieties indicated that for seed crop K12 black and SH 4 of sunhemp can be sown between 1st june to 15th June in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh for getting higher seed yield of sunhemp as the seed yield of the above two varieties and dates of sowing were atpar.

Notes on some newly recorded fish from Andhra Pradesh coast, India

Eleven fish species, namely Heniochus singularius Smith & Radcliffe, 1911; Entomacrodus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1836); Pomacentrus similis Allen, 1991; Myripristis berndti Jordan & Evermann, 1903; Myripristis seychellensis Cuvier, 1829; Sargocentron cornutum (Bleeker, 1854); Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758); Pardachirus pavoninus (Lacepède, 1802); Paraplotosus albilabris (Valenciennes, 1840); Canthigaster papua (Bleeker, 1848), have been documented for the first time in Andhra Pradesh state of India associated with artificial reef and rocky shoreline habitats. Additionally, E. thalassinus has been recorded for the first time in India from this study. The study provides detailed descriptions of the diagnostic characteristics and distribution of these ten species. These findings highlight the richness of fish fauna along the Andhra Pradesh coastline of India.

Impact of using active learning principles on perception of medical students toward e-learning environment

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a transition from face-to-face to e-learning, which caught many medical educators unaware. However, it is imperative to develop skills as an e-educator through the application of active learning (AL) principles based on Bloom’s taxonomy. This study highlights the effect of using AL principles on the perception of students toward an e-learning environment using Dundee ready education environment measure (DREEM) questionnaire. The aims of this study were as follows: (1) to introduce the AL principles during online teaching learning sessions. (2) To assess the feedback on the module among the students. (3) To evaluate the change of perception of students toward the e-learning environment through the DREEM questionnaire. Materials and Methods: An educational interventional study was carried out among (76) undergraduate students of a medical institution in coastal Andhra Pradesh. Perception toward the e-learning environment was collected through the DREEM questionnaire online before and after the intervention (application of AL principles as per the Bloom’s taxonomy during online T/L sessions). Statistical analysis: The data thus collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 statistical software, descriptive and inferential statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results: The Global DREEM score was 122 which was 62 before the intervention. Similarly, 68% reported positive perception which was only 37% initially. Students’ social self-perception scored lowest initially, but scores were improved to 2nd highest after the intervention. For a few items such as teacher-centered, nonstimulating teaching, not being able to memorize, lack of motivating environment, feedback, feeling lonely, bored, and not having a good support system, the individual scores were negative, i.e., <2 which became positive, i.e., >3.5 after. Conclusion: There was a significant change perceived by the students toward the e-learning environment with increased DREEM scores. Thus, this study concludes use of AL principles in online platforms is effective in improving students’ perception of the e-learning environment. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Interpersonal and communication skills.

Impact of michaung cyclone effect on different crops in N.T.R district of South Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Impact of michaung cyclone effect on different crops in N.T.R district of South Coastal Andhra Pradesh

ENHANCING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKPEA THROUGH FOLIAR NUTRITION UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

The study was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam for three years (2020-21, 2021-22, 2022-23) for assessing the productivity of chickpea using foliar nutrition under rainfed conditions of the Krishna Agro Climatic Zone of South Coastal Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and was replicated thrice. The experiment consisting of eight treatments viz., control (RDF:N20:P50:K0 kg ha -1), application of water soluble NPK, Zn, Fe, soluble monophosphate and soluble potassium nitrate at different stages alone and in combinations. Pooled analysis (2020-2023) of the experimental results revealed that along with recommended dose of fertilizers (N20:P50:K0 kg ha-1) foliar application of Zn @ 0.2% at pre flowering, water soluble monophosphate @1% at flowering and water soluble potassium nitrate @1% at pod filling stage recorded significantly higher seed yield (1871 kg ha-1) and protein content (22.90%) which was on par with foliar application of Fe @ 0.5% at pre flowering, monophosphate@1% at flowering and potassium nitrate @ 1% at pod filling stage with seed yield (1821 kg ha -1) and (22.63%) protein content, both the treatments recorded BCR of 1.9.

RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIOME, SOIL ENZYMES AND GROUNDNUT YIELD AS INFLUENCED BY ADDITION OF BIOCHAR AND FERTILIZERS IN IRRIGATED ALFISOL OF NORTH COASTAL ANDHRA PRADESH

The field experiment was conducted in irrigated Alfisols of North coastal Andhra Pradesh tostudy the effect of biochar and chemical fertilizers on rhizosphere microbiome, soil enzymes andyield performance of groundnut crop (variety K-6) during rabi, 2018-19. Biochar application tosoil significantly increased soil bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population. At pod developmentstage, the highest number of bacterial count (39.0 x106 CFU g-1 soil) was observed in T5 (100%RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1) which was on par with all the biochar applied treatments (T3, T4, T6, T7,T8). The Biochar applied @ 6 t ha-1 (T5 & T8) significantly increased the bacterial population ascompared to non-biochar applied treatments (T1 & T2). Fungal and actinomycetes populationfollowed the similar trend of bacterial count. Soil urease activity was significantly superior inbiochar applied treatments (T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8) compared to non biochar applied treatments (T1and T2). With increased rates of biochar application the urease activity markedly increased insoil. Similar trend was noticed with respect to dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alkalinephosphatase enzymes in soil in response to addition of biochar. At pod development stage, thehighest leaf area index (3.16) was recorded with 100% RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1(T5) which wassignificantly higher than T1 (control), T2 (100% RDF) and T6 (75% RDF + biochar @ 2 t ha-1). Thehighest drymatter accumulation of 2951 kg ha-1 at peg penetration and 6428 kg ha-1 at poddevelopment was observed in T5 (100% RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1) which was on par with T3(100% RDF + biochar @ 2 t ha-1), T4 (100% RDF + biochar @ 4 t ha-1), T8 (75% RDF + biochar @6 t ha-1) treatments. Groundnut pod yield was highest (4019.58 kg ha-1) in treatment received100% RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1, which was on par with T4 (100% RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1) and T8(75% RDF + biochar @ 6 t ha-1).

Migration Behaviour of Rural Youth from Agriculture in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Due to increased industrialization, a growing service sector, improved food security, easier access to healthcare and educational opportunities in cities, and growing young ambitions, the migratory norm of rural youth has been continuously rising over the past 25 years. The study conducted during 2023 and 2024 aimed to ascertain youth migration patterns from the rural districts of Srikakulam and Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh. The results showed that the main reasons behind youth movement from rural areas were inconsistent income, low employment, and recurrent crop failures. The respondents have shown a medium level of attitude towards agriculture. The Direct indicators with a mean average of (2.23) and perception migration indicators with a mean average of (2.88) have been noticed. Independent variables such as age, farming experience, proximity to towns/cities, annual income, self-reliance, and self-confidence were positively correlated. A positive significance level has been found for education, occupation, farm skill, years of stay in native, migration experience, economic motivation, achievement motivation, and income expectancy, which are negatively correlated with non-farm skills and risk orientation.

Relative incidence and abundance of stem borer complex in rice growing areas of Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Relative incidence and abundance of stem borer complex in rice growing areas of Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Production and Marketing Practice of Maize in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh

The results of the research conducted during the 2023-24 period offer significant insights into the production and marketing practices of maize farmers in the Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts of Andhra Pradesh. This distribution indicates that the majority of growers are moderately engaged in marketing activities, with a notable proportion demonstrating high engagement. The proportion of variability in the dependent variable that is explained by the independent variables was 0.775 suggesting that the 15 variables selected in the study account for a significant 77.5 per cent of the variability in the marketing behavior of these maize growers. This strong predictive value underscores the importance of the identified factors in influencing marketing practices. These insights can be instrumental in tailoring interventions and training programs to enhance the marketing skills of maize growers, ultimately contributing to better market integration and increased profitability.

Economic Viability and Marketing Networks of Finger Millet in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is vital in global agriculture for its nutritional value, adaptability, & capacity to tackle food security challenges. Data was gathered during 2024 from farmers, local traders, wholesalers and retailers in three districts of the North coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, i.e., Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, & Visakhapatnam, to know the major marketing channels of finger millet. This study analyzes the cost structure and marketing margins in finger millet production across three channels, detailing each stage from farmers (net price Rs. 3300-3320 per quintal) to retailers. Channel 1 had a final retail price of Rs. 5000 with a margin of Rs. 1681, Channel 2 reached Rs. 5500 with a margin of Rs. 2000, and Channel 3 peak at Rs. 6500 with a margin of Rs. 3170. Additionally, it details the costs per acre, with a gross return of Rs. 37950 and a net return of Rs. 1471, revealing a return per rupee of 1.04. The findings highlight the impact of each marketing stage on consumer prices.

Canonical Correlation Among Paddy Growers’ Soil Health Card Knowledge Perception and Adoption in Andhra Pradesh

The research employs canonical correlation analysis to explore the interplay between Soil Health Card (SHC) knowledge, perception, and adoption among paddy growers in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh for the years 2023-2024. Effective paddy cultivation demands careful management throughout all stages—from transplanting to post-harvest—tailored to local conditions. In response to soil degradation and the need for improved agricultural productivity, the Gujarat administration launched the Soil Health Card initiative. This study aims to reveal the relationships and factors influencing SHC utilization in the region. By examining these variables, the research seeks to enhance agricultural practices and promote sustainable farming. The findings will provide valuable insights for authorities, rural extension centres, and other stakeholders involved in SHC programs. Understanding the factors that drive or hinder SHC adoption will help develop targeted strategies to increase awareness, shift perceptions, and encourage broader implementation among paddy growers. Ultimately, this research supports the goal of advancing soil health management practices and fostering agricultural sustainability in Andhra Pradesh.

Development of Synoptic Analogue Model for Quantitative Precipitation Forecast over Cauvery basin, India

Daily Average Areal Precipitation (AAP) data of South West Monsoon Season for 2012 to 2020 in respect of sub-basins of Cauvery river basin were collected alongwith synoptic systems causing rainfall in the sub-basins. Five synoptic systems namely Depression/Deep Depression, low/well marked low(WML) pressure area, Upper air cyclonic circulations(UAC), off-shore trough(OST)/OST with embedded cyclonic circulations, east-west shear zone are considered in the study. Rainfall(AAP) caused by these systems considered are 11-25mm, 26-50mm, 51-100mm and > 100mm. Number of days for which these systems caused rainfall under each range was computed. The rainfall range with highest frequency for the particular system is taken as Synoptic Analogue Model. OST/OST with embedded cyclonic circulation has contributed significantly to rainfall in all the sub-basins. Depression/Deep Depression over Rayalaseema, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry, South Interior Karnataka or North Interior Karnataka provides > 50mm rainfall in Harangi basin. Depression/Deep Depression over Rayalaseema, Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry, South Interior Karnataka or North Interior Karnataka provides > 50mm rainfall in Harangi basin. Low/Well Marked Low over Telangana provides > 50mm rainfall in Hemavathy basin. Upper Air Cyclonic circulation(UAC) over Rayalaseema provides > 50mm rainfall in Kabini basin. UAC over Rayalaseema, South East Bay of Bengal or West Central Bay of Bengal off Coastal Andhra Pradesh leads to >100 mm rain in Harangi. UAC over Coastal Karnataka and North Interior Karnataka or OST from Konkan Goa/Maharashtra to Karnataka leads to >100 mm rain in Upper Vaigai.
 
 Key words- Aerial Average Precipitation, QPF, Cauvery river basin, Synoptic Analogue Model