Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Adjusting Interface Action and Spacing for Control of Particle Potential.

As the core issue of physical chemistry, how to acquire, control, even adjust surface charging of colloidal particle is far from being completely understood. So poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) is first introduced with different chain lengths onto crude anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (150-200 nm) through two-step surface modification. Along with rising basic nonionic polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBS) concentration, those modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NH-PLMA) with the low grafting amount (0.33-4.86 wt.%) and the short chain of the grafted PLMA fragments (layer thickness: 3.0-6.9 nm) underwent charge reversal from being positively to negatively charged in nonpolar isododecane solution. And the more modified ones (PLMA grafting amount: 11.10%; layer thickness: 9.5 nm) remained original electropositivity under same conditions. Based on molecular dynamics simulation, once the repeating unit number exceeds 12, these long grafted PLMA chains will bring about strong steric hindrance to increase interface spacing and weaken interface action against PIBS absorption. This may propose a unique strategy for adjusting or stabilizing surface potential of colloid particles by grafted polymer chains. It is anticipated to provide a facile, precise, and promising control to electronic ink for electrophoretic display.

Halogen-doped 2D reduced graphene oxide with TiO2 nanocomposite for water remediation application

Water contamination by organic and inorganic pollutants has been a challenging problem impacting living organisms. The current study explores the photocatalytic property of nanocomposite based on iodine-doped reduced graphene oxide with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) for methyl orange (MO) dye degradation. A nanocomposite of TNPs with iodine-doped reduced graphene oxide (TIR) is prepared using the hydrothermal technique. The physicochemical properties of nanocomposite were explored by various techniques such as an X-diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transforms the infrared spectrum, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectrum (EDX), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The XRD reveals the crystalline structure of the TIR nanocomposite. The anatase TNPs with an average particle size of 9.68 ± 2.1 nm are confirmed by HRTEM. The Raman spectrum confirms the presence of iodine molecules with a peak at 101 cm−1, and the EDX spectrum confirms the presence of iodine molecules with 15.31 % elements in the TIR nanocomposite. The MO dye degradation efficiency of 96.12 % with 120 min UV exposure for TIR suggests that the iodine-doped nanocomposite is a promising photocatalyst for water remediation.

Photocatalytically reactive surfaces for simultaneous water harvesting and treatment

Atmospheric water harvesting provides decentralized and sustainable supplies of fresh water in areas away from natural water resources. However, an important challenge is that water sources such as fog are subject to contamination from airborne pollutants, especially near population centres. Here we demonstrate a rationally designed system that can capture fog at high efficiency while simultaneously degrading organic pollutants. At the heart of our design is a wire mesh coated with anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in a polymer matrix. Once activated by sunlight, the photoactive titanium dioxide layer decomposes organic molecules such as diesel, even in the absence of sunlight; moreover, the wettability of the mesh surface is engineered to enhance water extraction. In outdoor tests, the device can maintain a good fog harvesting performance as well as a water treatment efficiency of >85%. The continuous production of water with passive purification demonstrated in our study provides an energy-free solution to address water scarcity.

Effect of zircon and anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles on glass fibre reinforced epoxy with mechanical and morphological studies

In recent years, researchers have been interested in incorporating inorganic nanoparticles into thermosetting epoxy composites to improve their mechanical properties. This research explores the diffusion of ball milled zircon (ZrSiO4) and anatase TiO2 nanoparticles with glass fibre reinforced epoxy polymer (GFRP) composites at the same weight percentages (0:0, 2.5:2.5, 5:5, and 7.5:7.5) to improve mechanical properties. The ZrSiO4 and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by an ultrasonic liquid processor, and composites were fabricated using the compression molding technique. The void percentage was calculated from the theoretical and measured densities of composites. Mechanical tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM standards. The particle sizes of zircon and titanium dioxide were calculated as 70.5 nm and 64.5 nm, respectively, using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which reveals the fibre pullout, damaged interfaces, filler dispersion, and voids in specimens. The chemical composition, crystalline structure, and size were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the GFRP composite with Zircon and TiO2 incorporated at a concentration of 5:5 wt% has a greater tensile strength of 74.34%, a tensile modulus of 18.14%, a flexural strength of 33.55%, a flexural modulus of 33.61%, a shore "D" hardness of 4.66%, and a capacity to absorb energy of 61.14% in notched specimens with neat GFRP. With filler addition, the percentage of elongation at failure in the 5:5 wt percent for the tensile test is 44.36%, and the flexural test is 24.38% higher than the neat sample. Hence, this work improves the GFRP composites' mechanical and structural properties.

Anatase titanium oxide nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes-modified carbon paste electrode for simultaneous determination of avanafil and doxorubicin in plasma samples

Patients who receive anticancer drugs, might experience loss of sexual desire together with erectile dysfunction as one of cancer medications’ adverse effects. This might have a negative effect on their psychological functioning and quality of life and accordingly phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors as sex stimulants are used. One of the recently FDA-approved members of this class of drugs is avanafil (AVN) that is administered to assist in improving penile erection. Because of the seriousness of the cancer patient's health condition, it is mandatory to recognize the possible pharmacokinetic interactions in case of administering other drugs at the same time. Therefore, a sensitive sensor derived from carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was designed for the simultaneous determination of AVN and the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) in spiked and real rabbit plasma samples. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to fully characterize the fabricated electrode. The modified electrode offers a considerable improvement in voltammetric sensitivity toward oxidation of AVN and DOX, compared to the bare electrode. A good separation was achieved between the oxidation peak potentials of AVN (1.4 V) and DOX (0.8 V). The effect of different voltammetric parameters on the peak separation and sensitivity for both drugs was studied to select the optimum experimental conditions. It was found that the optimum pH for the simultaneous determination of both drugs was obtained utilizing a Britton-Robinson buffer (BR) of pH 3.0. Furthermore, the electrochemical oxidation of AVN and DOX was evaluated with different modified carbon paste electrodes using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry (SWAdASV). The analytical curves for the quantitative simultaneous determination of AVN and DOX exhibited acceptable linearity within the concentration range from (0.10–6.0 μmol L−1 for AVN) and (5.0–35.0 μmol L−1 for DOX) in spiked rabbit plasma. Detection and quantitation limits were determined to be 0.035 and 0.10 μmol L−1 in the case of AVN and 1.3 and 4.0 μmol L−1 in the case of DOX, respectively. The method was effectively applied for the analysis of AVN in real rabbit plasma samples after the coadministration of DOX. Moreover, the proposed voltammetric method was useful as a therapeutic drug monitoring method to investigate the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between AVN and DOX in real rabbit plasma. An increase in the level of AVN in rabbit plasma was observed after administering DOX, and accordingly, the dose of AVN should be adjusted and monitored.

Shockwave impact on the stability of anatase titania nanoparticles

The stability of anatase titania nanoparticles was investigated under exposure to repeated loading of shockwaves produced in a diaphragm-driven high-pressure shock tube. The titania samples were exposed to 20 shocks with pressure, temperature, and steady exposure time in the range of 20.5 – 26 bar, 1399 – 2101 K, and 1.74 – 1.83 ms, respectively. The crystal structure and surface morphology were analyzed before and after the shockwave treatment using various characterization techniques. After repeated shock exposure, there was reduction in crystallite size by ~ 40%, modification in the surface charge, and an increase in the hydroxyl groups in titania. The onset of phase transformation from anatase to rutile was observed after 20 shocks. This work gives insights into the structural changes induced by shockwaves in anatase nanoparticles which can help improve their performance as a catalytic support in heterogeneous catalysis.

Computational Study of Interaction and Removal of Benzopyran by Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle

Most gas emissions by motor automobiles include unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and other oxides (NxOy, SOx, etc.). There are many hydrocarbon compounds in car exhaust, such as benzopyran, formaldehyde, butadiene, and so on. In this study, anatase titanium dioxide nano-particles (aTiO2-NPs) filters are investigated to prevent the entry of unburned hydrocarbons. Benzopyran is one of the most important aromatic compounds in car exhaust gases, which is very dangerous. The probability of its interaction with titanium oxide nanoparticles is simulated and evaluated according to chemically active sites of aTiO2-NP. Calculations were performed using the DFT calculation on the basis set LC-ωPBE/6-311 + G** method. The obtained data show that Ti–O chemically active site has a greater tendency to adsorb benzopyran due to its polarity (Dipole moment for 3rd of Ti–O = 6.93 D). By adsorbing benzopyran in the Ti–O position, the gap energy of aTiO2-NP decreases (E g = 3.09 eV), and its conductivity increases. The results showed that the nano-adsorbent of aTiO2-NP has high efficiency in the adsorption of benzopyran from the environment. Due to the exhaust temperature of the car and the photocatalytic properties of the aTiO2-NPs nano-adsorbent, it can be used as an adsorbent with high performance and longevity, and good stability in high-temperature ranges.

Transport of anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles in soils in the presence of phosphate: mechanisms and numerical modeling

Transport of anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles in soils in the presence of phosphate: mechanisms and numerical modeling

Removal of Cibacron Blue P-6B dye from aqueous solution using synthesized anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Thermodynamic, kinetic, and theoretical investigations

Dye pollution is a serious issue in the water, especially since textile mills are the primary source. Nanomaterials have been used to solve this problem in many ways, resulting in several researches. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are successfully produced in this study using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation process with a maximum intensity wavelength of 365 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements are used to examine the morphology and form of nano-synthesized. The anatase phase crystal structure was proved by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The uptake of Cibacron Blue P-6B dye was improved when TiO2 NPs were added. At a contact duration of 70 min, Cibacron Blue P-6B dye adsorption onto TiO2 nanoparticles was faster. The adsorption process was best described by Freundlich isotherm (R2 > 0.981) and pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.9866) models. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated using the experimental van't Hoff equation. The TiO2-Dye adsorption process was simulated theoretically by the principles of the Density Functional Theory (DFT) using the Gaussian 09 package software. Furthermore, the regeneration process of TiO2 was addressed. It was found that the breaking bond energy was lower than the activation energy required for TiO2 recovery.

Tuning Photophysical Properties of ZnO/TiO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films by Controlling Anatase Titania Content

The influence of the anatase titania nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) content on the structural and optical properties of ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites (ZTNCs) was demonstrated. The solution blending method was employed to prepare the ZTNCs with various ratios prior to their deposition onto glass substrates to form thin films. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques revealed that the crystallite size, grain size, and particle size of each TiO2 and ZnO NPs are almost equal. In addition to these techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidenced the homogeneity distribution of the TiO2 within the ZnO NPs. The structural properties of the wurtzite ZnO NPs such as crystallite size, lattice strain, dislocation density, bond length (L) of Zn–O, energy density (u), lattice stress (L S), Young’s modulus, and unit cell volume (V), can be tuned by incorporation of anatase TiO2 NPs in various content. Moreover, the optical properties of the wurtzite ZnO NPs such as absorbance, optical energy band gap (E g), energy gap tail (E u), steepness parameter (σ), and emission intensity can be tuned by incorporation of anatase TiO2 NPs in various contents. The E g and σ of ZnO NPs were decreased to reach at 2.41 eV and 0.0051, respectively, whereas the E u was increased to 4.598 eV upon the increment content of TiO2 NPs.

In-vitro pH-responsive release of imatinib from iron-supplement coated anatase TiO2 nanoparticles

Targeted drug delivery is one such precision method of delivering medication inside the human body which can vanquish all the limitations of the conventional chemotherapeutic techniques. In the present study, two types of nanoparticles (NPs) were chosen for the in-vitro pH-responsive release study of the drug, Imatinib, namely anatase Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and iron-capped TiO2 NPs, designated as Fe@TiO2 NPs. The novelty of this work lies behind the use of commercially available iron supplement ‘Autrin’ meant for human consumption, as the material to coat the TiO2 NPs to synthesize Fe@TiO2 NPs. The synthesized NPs were analyzed by XRD, HR‐TEM, SAED, EDX and VSM. UV–Vis spectroscopy was performed for absorption studies. Fe@TiO2 NPs showed superparamagnetic behavior and thus they are able to ensure the facile transfer of Imatinib via external magnetic fields. The results obtained from in-vitro drug release studies depicted that both TiO2 NPs and Fe@TiO2 NPs showed a controlled pH-sensitive delivery of the loaded Imatinib molecules. Moreover, both types of NPs do not result in the formation of ROS under human physiological conditions. These results can lay the foundation to the development of efficacious targeted drug delivery systems in the healthcare sector.

Carbon-doped anatase titania nanoparticles: similarities and differences with respect to bulk and extended surface models.

C-Doping of titania nanoparticles is analyzed by using all-electron density functional theory-based calculations considering the (TiO2)84 nanoparticle as a realistic representative of nanoparticles in the scalable regime. Several sites are evaluated including substituting oxygen (CO) and titanium (CTi) sites as well as interstitial (Ci) situations. The formation energy of such a doped structure is studied as a function of the oxygen chemical potential (or oxygen partial pressure). Our calculations predict that low partial oxygen pressure favors the formation of C-doped (TiO2)84 NPs at oxygen and interstitial sites. For the former, the most stable situation is for O sites at the inner part of the nanoparticle. Interestingly, the substitution of O by C at facet sites requires formation energies as those reported in previous studies where the bulk anatase and surfaces models were considered. However, C-doping - at other low coordinated sites not presented in extended models - is even more favorable which shows the need to employ more realistic models for nanostructures involved in photocatalytic processes.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance thrombosis through triggering the phosphatidylserine exposure and procoagulant activation of red blood cells

BackgroundExpanding biomedical application of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) is raising the public concern on its potential health hazards. Here, we demonstrated that TiO2 NPs can increase phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and procoagulant activity of red blood cells (RBCs), which may contribute to thrombosis.ResultsWe conducted in vitro studies using RBCs freshly isolated from healthy male volunteers. TiO2 NPs exposure (≦ 25 μg/mL) induced PS exposure and microvesicles (MV) generation accompanied by morphological changes of RBCs. While ROS generation was not observed following the exposure to TiO2 NPs, intracellular calcium increased and caspase-3 was activated, which up-regulated scramblase activity, leading to PS exposure. RBCs exposed to TiO2 NPs could increase procoagulant activity as measured by accelerated thrombin generation, and enhancement of RBC-endothelial cells adhesion and RBC-RBC aggregation. Confirming the procoagulant activation of RBC in vitro, exposure to TiO2 NPs (2 mg/kg intravenously injection) in rats increased thrombus formation in the venous thrombosis model.ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that anatase TiO2 NPs may harbor prothrombotic risks by promoting the procoagulant activity of RBCs, which needs attention for its biomedical application.

Simultaneous detection of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in milk using a bias potentials controlling-based photoelectrochemical aptasensor

It is important to develop highly-active photoelectrochemical (PEC) materials and use novel sensing strategy for constructing high-PEC-performance sensors with multiplex detection abilities, owing to the simultaneous presence of multiple antibiotic residues in food. Herein, a bias-potential-based PEC aptasensor was prepared for the trace detection of dual antibiotic analytes, enrofloxacin (ENR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP), which often coexist in milk samples. Here, two materials were developed with excellent PEC performance: three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene-loaded copper indium disulfide (CuInS2/3DNG) and Bi3+-doped black anatase titania nanoparticles decorated with reduced graphene oxide (Bi3+/B-TiO2/rGO). By applying different bias potentials to the two materials near one ITO electrode, the cathodic current generated by CuInS2/3DNH and the anodic current generated by Bi3+/B-TiO2/rGO could be clearly distinguished without interfering with each other. Then, ENR and CIP aptamers were respectively modified onto the surface of CuInS2/3DNH and Bi3+/B-TiO2/rGO to construct a PEC aptasensor for the sensitive detection of ENR and CIP. Under optimal conditions, the proposed aptasensor exhibited wide linear ranges of ENR (0.01–10000 ng/mL) and CIP (0.01–1000 ng/mL), and relatively low detection limits of 3.3 pg/mL to ENR and CIP (S/N = 3). The aptasensor was successfully applied to the detection of ENR and CIP in milk samples.

Dye and activated carbon from Canarium ovatum Engl. as photosensitizer and counter electrode for Titania-based dye sensitized solar cell

Natural dye from exocarp and activated carbon from charred shells of Canarium ovatum Engl nut was used in the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Anatase titania (titanium dioxide, TiO2) nanoparticles was used as semiconducting layer deposited on a transparent conductive indium tin oxide glass using doctor blade method. TiO2 film thickness and soaking time in dye were varied to show response in terms of fill factor (FF), short circuit current density (Jsc), open circuit photovoltage (Voc), and conversion efficiency (η). In a 2.0 cm2 active surface area tested under solar irradiance, assembled DSSC at optimum conditions garnered 0.768 desirability with FF, Jsc, Voc and n values of 0.601, 6.293 mA/cm2, 0.446 V, and 1.792, respectively.

Fabrication of PVA/Ag-TiO2 nanofiber mats for visible-light-active photocatalysis

Visible-light-active nanomaterials for the photodegradation of organic compound in water were fabricated using facile techniques. In this work, anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were coupled with plasma-reduced silver (Ag) to shift its sensitivity to visible light. The NPs were subsequently immobilized in electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The PVA/Ag-TiO2 nanofiber mats (NFMs) were subjected to plasma etching to partially expose the embedded NPs and improve photosensitivity. The NFM sample exposed to oxygen plasma exhibited 51% removal of methylene blue in water under visible light irradiation. Compared to the untreated NFM sample, plasma treatment resulted to a 20% increase in dye removal efficiency. In addition, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis of fishpond wastewater using the NFMs under visible-light irradiation was conducted. With the NFMs, there was a 32% decrease in TOC concentration while in the absence of the catalyst, a 142% increase was measured. The results showed the effectivity of the catalysts to counter the biochemical reactions that took place in the actual wastewater samples. Moreover, the immobilization of visible-light-active Ag-TiO2 NPs in PVA would extend its service life as well as minimize its environmental risk, making the NFMs ideal for removing organic compounds in wastewater.

Porous Silica Microspheres with Immobilized Titania Nanoparticles for In-Flow Solar-Driven Purification of Wastewater.

In this paper, inorganic silica microspheres with interconnected macroporosity are tested as a platform for designing robust and efficient photocatalytic systems for a continuous flow reactor, enabling a low cost and straightforward purification of wastewater through solar‐driven photocatalysis. The photocatalytically active microspheres are prepared by wet impregnation of porous silica scaffolds with Trizma‐functionalized anatase titania (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs). NPs loading of 22 wt% is obtained in the form of a thin and well‐attached layer, covering the external surface of the microspheres as well as the internal surface of the pores. The TiO2 loading leads to an increase of the specific surface area by 26%, without impacting the typically interconnected macroporosity (≈60%) of the microspheres, which is essential for an efficient flow of the pollutant solution during the photocatalytic tests. These are carried out in a liquid medium for the decomposition of methyl orange and paracetamol. In addition to photocatalytic activity under continuous flow, the microspheres offer the advantage that they can be easily removed from the reaction medium, which is an appealing aspect for industrial applications. In this work, the typical issues of TiO2 NPs photocatalysts are circumvented, without the need for elaborate chemistries, and for low availability and expensive raw materials.

Short Preirradiation of TiO2 Nanoparticles Increases Cytotoxicity on Human Lung Coculture System.

Anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in a large range of industrial applications mainly due to their photocatalytic properties. Before entering the lung, virtually all TiO2 NPs are exposed to some UV light, and lung toxicity of TiO2 NPs might be influenced by photoexcitation that is known to alter TiO2 surface properties. Although the TiO2 NPs toxicity has been extensively investigated, limited data are available regarding the toxicity of TiO2 NPs that have been pre-exposed to UV light, and their impact on humans remains unknown. In this study, five types of TiO2NPs with tailored physicochemical features were characterized and irradiated by UV for 30 min. Following irradiation, cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory response, and oxidative stress on a human lung coculture system (A549 epithelial cells and macrophages differentiated from THP-1 cells) were assessed. The surface charge of all samples was less negative after UV irradiation of TiO2 NPs, and the average aggregate size was slightly increased. A higher cytotoxic effect was observed for preirradiated TiO2 NPs compared to nonirradiated samples. Preirradiation of TiO2 NPs had no significant impact on the pro-inflammatory response and oxidative stress as shown by a similar production of IL-8, TNF-α, and reactive oxygen species.

An innovative filtration based Raman mapping technique for the size characterization of anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) is of significant importance in the production quality control, applications and study of their toxicological effects. In this study, we developed a filtration-based Raman mapping technique as a rapid approach for the analysis of different sizes and concentrations of anatase TiO2-NPs. Four different sizes of TiO2 standards: 173, 93, 41, and 8 nm measured by electron microscopy techniques were dispersed using a probe sonicator with sodium pyrophosphate as a dispersing agent. The resulting hydrodynamic diameter measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was stabilized at 192, 289, 325, and 360 nm respectively as a negative correlation with the ones by TEM. These NPs were then collected on a 0.1 μm (pore size) filter membrane with a vacuum pump and scanned using a Raman imaging microscope. The result shows that the 100 × objective lens was more capable of detecting the smallest size particles (8 nm) and lowest concentration (0.0004 g L−1) evaluated than the 20 × objective lens. Moreover, at low concentrations (i.e. 0.0004 and 0.004 g L−1), we established a linear correlation between the map area covered by the particles and the particle size measured by TEM. While at higher concentration (i.e. 0.04 g L−1), a positive correlation was established between the particle size and its corresponding Raman intensity. These results demonstrated a successful application of Raman mapping technique in rapid characterization of the size of anatase TiO2-NPs as small as 8 nm, which will facilaite the TiO2-NPs research, production, and applications.

Toxicity evaluation of TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in toothpaste products

The present study evaluates the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) that were extracted from toothpaste products by solid-liquid extraction method. The NPs structures were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV) was also used to determine the band gab energy of these NPs. The XRD results indicated that the mixture of TiO2 NPs was formed (anatase and rutile titanium dioxide nanoparticles). XRD results also indicated the crystalline size of NPs, which were small and ranging from 2.5 to 53.2 nm. The toxicity effect of TiO2 NPs was evaluated on Chlorella vulgaris micro marine algae over 3 days. The results indicate a negative effect on the growth algae and concentration of chlorophyll a during the early growth stages. In contrast, at the late growth stages these NPs had a positive effect. Also, the toxicity effect of TiO2 NPs was evaluated on Jurkat, HepG2, T-47D and S180 cancer cell lines. Cells were cultured with various concentrations of TiO2 NPs (10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL) for 48 hours using the Water-Soluble Tetrazolium (WST) method. The results showed that the TiO2 NPs had a negative effect on the growth of the Jurkat, T-47D and S180 cancer cell lines. In contrary, a positive effect was seen on the HepG2 cell line.