Anand Agricultural University Research Articles

Effects of Weather Conditions on Pod Yield in Groundnut Varieties

Experiments were conducted at the Department of Agricultural Meteorology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during the Summer of 2015 and 2016 with four varieties of groundnut (GG-2, GG-20, GJG-31 and TG-26) sown on three different dates to study the effect of weather parameters and agrometeorological indices on pod yield of groundnut. The results of the present investigation indicated that pod yield of groundnut was negatively correlated with maximum, minimum and mean temperature during most of the phenophases except P9 (pod maturity to physiological maturity), where the mean temperature has varied between 32.70C to 35.10C during pod maturity to physiological maturity. In our experiment, we have found that more than 33.90C is required for adequate seed development, resulting in higher test weight and higher pod yield. Agrometeorological indices have a significant and positive correlation with pod yield only during P7 (pod initiation to pod development) phase.

Effect of IBA Concentration (Indol Butaric Acid) and Growing Condition on Performance of Cuttings in Mogra (Jasminum sambac)

An experiment was laid out to study influence of different levels of IBA and growing condition on cuttings of Mogra (Jasminum sambac) at Sheth D. M. polytechnic in Horticulture College, Anand Agricultural University, Model farm, Vadodara during 2022 to 2024. The study was conducted using completely randomized design with factorial concept and three replications for each treatment. Total 10 treatment combination of two factors viz., growing condition (open and NVPH) and IBA concentration (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm) were compared with control (deepen in distilled water). IBA significantly improved the performance of cuttings under naturally ventilated poly-house condition. 1500 ppm IBA concentration recorded significantly lower days to sprout (13.83 days), higher shoot length at 30, 45 and 60 DAP (2.80 cm, 7.64 cm and 11.63 cm), root length (4.18 cm), number of leaves at 30, 45 and 60 DAP (2.87, 6.03 and 8.47), fresh weight (11.63g), dry weight (4.18g) and survival percentage (66.11%). Where as in growing condition, naturally ventilated poly-house recorded significantly lower days to sprout (13.27 days), higher shoot length at 30, 45 and 60 DAP (2.40cm, 7.26 cm and 11.80 cm), root length (3.89 cm), number of leaves at 30, 45 and 60 DAP (2.72 , 4.80 and 7.85), fresh weight (11.80 g), dry weight (3.89 g) and survival percentage (64.56%). Semi hardwood cuttings of Jasminum sambac treated with 1500 ppm IBA concentration treatment for 5 min and planted in polybags under Naturally ventilated poly-house showed promising growth with higher sprouting and survival percentage as compared to other treatments. It was recommended to propagate semi hardwood cuttings of Jasminum sambac with 1500 ppm IBA concentration for 5 min and plant them in naturally ventilated polyhouse to get maximum sprouting percentage and quality planting material.

Effect of Different Seed Treatment on Germination of Fishtail Palm (Caryota urens) under Naturally Ventilated Poly-house Conditions

An investigation was conducted to study the effect of different seed treatments comprising of mechanical scarification, chemical and plant growth regulator on germination of Fishtail palm (Caryota urens) seeds under naturally ventilated poly-house at sheth D. M. Polytechnic in Horticulture College, Anand Agricultural University, Vadodara during 2021 to 2023. There were total 12 treatments under study which was replicated trice and statistically analysed by completely randomized design at 90 days after sowing. The results revealed that treatment T12 i.e. seeds treated with GA3 1000 ppm for one day recorded significantly lesser days to initiation of germination (46.33 days) along with higher germination percentage (86.67 % and 85.00 %), germination rate index (5.90 %/day and 5.70 %/day) and germination index (255 and 243.67), coefficient of velocity of germination (6.18 and 6.02), timpson’s germination index (1275 and 1218), modified timpson germination index (42.50 and 40.61) and survival percentage (88.33 and 86.67) at 90 days after sowing during first and second year respectively. While, seed without any treatment kept in open condition treatment T1 showed poor performance in germination percentage as well as survival percentage. Thus, Fishtail palm (Caryota urens) seeds soaked in solution of 1000 ppm GA3 along with sowing them in polybags and kept under NVPH condition provides better germination and survival.

Simulation of Summer Groundnut for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits Using CROPGRO-Peanut Model

Field experiments were carried out at College farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The DSSAT v 4.6 CROPGRO-Peanut model was used to predict the phenology of groundnut crop under combinations of three sowing dates and four groundnut cultivars. The model was calibrated with a 2015 dataset of growth and phenological parameters for estimating the genetic coefficients of all four cultivar and was validated with a 2016 dataset of the same parameters. Result found that the model was able to reasonably simulate the pod yield, kernel yield and haulm yield with per cent error ranging (± 10.06) between observed and simulated value for all cultivars under different sowing dates Simulations of yield and yield attributing characters using the calibrated model were found to be quite accurate.

Heritability and Genetic Advance Studies on Fruit Yield and It’s Attributes Traits in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

The present investigation was conducted at the Main Vegetable Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during the period of 2023-2024. The experimental material comprised twelve generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, B1, B2, B11, B12, B21, B22, B1S and B2S of four families involving eight diverse cultivars of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) used to study the heritability and genetic advance of brinjal for yield and shoot and fruit borer incidence. The experiment was laid out in a compact family block design with three replications. Higher magnitude of heritability along with a higher value of genetic advance as per cent mean was estimated for day to first flowering in family 2, plant height in family 1 and family 4, leaf blade length in family 4, leaf blade width in family 2, fruit length in all families, fruit girth in family 3 and 4, fruit weight in all families expect to family 2, fruits per plant in family 2, fruit yield per plant in all families expect family 4 and shoot and fruit borer incidence in family 2 which suggested preponderance of additive gene effect. The higher value of heritability coupled with the higher value of genetic advance shows higher selection efficiency, permitting plant breeders to efficiently select individuals or groups of individuals. In crops like brinjal, high narrow sense heritability estimates are particularly beneficial for developing enhanced varieties through the fixation of additive gene effects.

Effect of Potassium and Zinc on Soil Properties and Fraction of Potassium and Zinc in Soil

A field experiment was carried out on Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during rabi season of the year 2020-21. The experiment comprising nine treatment combinations consisted of three levels of potassium (0, 20 and 40 kg/ha) and three levels of zinc (0, 2.5 and 5.0 kg/ha). These treatments were evaluated in Randomized Block Design (factorial) with four replications. The soil of the experimental plot was loamy sand in texture, alkaline in reaction, low in organic carbon and available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus, potassium and zinc. Results of the experiment revealed that the available K2O in soil was significantly increased due to application of 40 kg K2O/ha (K2) and was found to be at par with application of 20 kg K2O/ha (K1). All other chemical properties of soil (pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P2O5, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) were not differ significantly due to application of different levels of potassium. Levels of zinc also failed to produce its significant effect on chemical properties of soil except available Zn in soil as it was significantly increased with the treatment of Z2 (5.0 kg Zn/ha) than control but was found to be at par with treatment Z1 (2.5 kg Zn/ha). Moreover, no any chemical property of soil differ due to the interaction of different levels of potassium and zinc. The water soluble K and exchangeable K fractions in soil significantly increased with the treatment of K2 (40 kg K2O/ha) otherwise non-exchangeable K, total K and different zinc fractions in soil did not differ significantly by the different levels of potassium. Different potassium fractions and total Zn fraction in soil were found to be non-significant under the different zinc levels but all the zinc fractions in soil (water soluble plus exchangeable Zn, carbonate bound Zn, Fe/Mn oxide bound Zn, organically bound Zn and residual Zn) significantly increased with the treatment of Z2 (5.0 kg Zn/ha) and was remained at par with treatment Z1 (2.5 kg Zn/ha). The interaction between potassium and zinc failed to influence significantly on potassium and zinc factions in soil.

Succession of Major Pests and Predatory Fauna in Okra

Investigations on pest succession in okra crops were carried out during kharif, 2023 at the Department of Entomology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. Pest succession based on crop growth stages showed that the population of sucking insect-pests viz., jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover), whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius.) observed from vegetative stage and remained up to crop matured while, red spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus incidence appeared from reproductive stage to maturity stage. Among the lepidopteran pests, the infestation of semi-looper, Anomis flava (Fabricius) started in the second week after germination and remained till maturity of the crop whereas, shoot and fruit borer (Earias insulana Boisd.) and fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) Hardwick) damaged the crop from the vegetative stage and remained up to crop maturity. Coccinellids and spider activity initiated with sucking insect-pest incidence and remained up to crop maturity. The weather parameters, Bright sunshine hours and maximum minimum temperature had significant relationships with A. biguttula biguttula, T. cinnabarinus, E. vittella and H. armigera. Whereas, relative humidity significantly negatively influenced the activity of red spider mite, E. vittella, H. armigera and positively on predator coccinellids. Furthermore, windspeed had a significant positive association with A. biguttula biguttula and E. vittella (shoot damage) while, negative with H. armigera larva.

ASSESSMENT OF EARLY BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN INDIAN POTATO CULTIVARS AND ASSOCIATED BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING DISEASE DEVELOPMENT

Among the twenty-three varieties of potato screened against early blight disease under field conditions during Rabi 2020-21 and Rabi 2021-22 in Gujarat at Anand agricultural University, Anand, varieties were categorized into resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), susceptible (S) and highly susceptible (HS). For biochemical analysis some varieties disease reaction revealed Kufri Lima as resistant, Kufri Himalini and Kufri Nilkanth as moderately resistant, Kufri Mohan and Kufri Chadramukhi as moderately susceptible Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Kesar as susceptible and Kufri Lalit as highly susceptible varieties to early blight disease. These varieties biochemical analysis revealed that healthy leaves of resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible varieties showed higher content of moisture, total soluble sugar and total chlorophyll as compared to diseased leaves. While diseased leaves of resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible varieties contained higher content of phenol and true protein compared to healthy leaves.

Chemical control of Alternaria and Corynespora leaf spot complex in Bt cotton

Cotton is an important cash crop of India as well as Gujarat, enjoying the pre-eminent status as 'White gold' and 'King of Fibres'. Cotton is widely affected by many diseases including Alternaria leaf spot and target spot or Corynespora leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata and Corynespora cassiicola, respectively. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of fungicides against leaf spot complex (Alternaria leaf spot and target spot) of Bt cotton. The field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2022 at Plant Pathological Research Farm, Department of Plant Pathology, BA College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University Anand, Gujarat. Fungicides were applied two times at 15 days interval after initiation of disease and results showed that among the tested treatments including control, Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC recorded significantly lowest disease intensity (18.50% and 17.92%) as compared to control (50.75% and 46.85%), with highest disease control (63.54% and 61.73%) for Alternaria leaf spot and target spot respectively. The highest yield (1968 kg ha ) and ICBR (1:10.62) was -1 recorded in Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC. The next best treatment found in terms of disease control was Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG. So in nutshell it was found that readymix fungicides were found best and also cost effective in managing both the diseases.. KEYWORDS :Alternaria alternata, Corynespora cassiicola, leaf spot, fungicides

Monitoring of Fall Army Worm <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (J E Smith)

Study on monitoring of male moth fall army worm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) was carried out in Agro-climatic zone-III at agricultural landscape of different farms of Anand Agricultural University, Anand during June 2020 to May 2022. A fifteen funnel shaped traps with lure for FAW were installed on border area and army-maize lure of Albero green organicz was suspended. The traps were arranged with at least 50 m distance between two traps which were spread over approximately 83 ha, Data from 104 standard meteorological week (SMW). Observation reveal that the counts ranged from 0.04 to 0.87 moths/trap/week from 24th SMW of 2020 to 23rd SMW of 2022. Higher numbers of non-target populations were captured in trap than the S. frugiperda. FAW moth catches/ week reported low positive correlation with bright sunshine hours (r=0.203) and very low positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.098); and markedly low negative correlation with evening relative humidity (r=-0.220), wind speed (r=-0.171) and rain fall (r=-0.126). It exhibited very low negative correlation with morning relative humidity (r=-0.048) and minimum temperature (r=-0.093).

Biochemical Characterization of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Leaves Infected with Little Leaf Disease

The experiment was conducted during September, 2023 to February, 2024 at the Department of Biochemistry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India. Total 28 genotype originating from a cross between a little leaf resistance parent AB 15-06 (S. melongena) and a susceptible parent GRB 5 (S. melongena). Disease incidence recorded from 14 each of highly resistant and susceptible genotypes and their parents AB 15-06 (Resistance against little leaf disease) and GRB 5 (Susceptible against little leaf disease) were selected for biochemical attributes comprised of chlorophyll (0.73–0.98 mg g-1), moisture (76.77–97.43%), phenol (0.43–3.26 mg g-1), total soluble sugar (2.36–4.57 mg g-1), membrane injury (24.56–69.87%). Correlation analysis of biochemical characters like chlorophyll and moisture were observed negatively correlated with disease incidence while rest of biochemical parameters total soluble solids, membrane injury and phenol content were positively correlated. Membrane injury (0.254), moisture (0.026), TSS (0.030), and phenol content (0.016) showed positive skewness whereas chlorophyll (-1.318), membrane injury (-1.540), moisture (-1.543), total soluble sugar (-1.160) and phenol content (-1.626) detected negative kurtosis. GCV, PCV and heritability analysis for all biochemical characters recorded were chlorophyll (36.46%, 36.5% and 99.82%), membrane injury (61.52%, 61.96% and 98.59%), moisture (7.55%, 8.73% and 13.44%), total soluble sugar (99.39%) and phenol content (46.76%, 46.83% and 99.67%).

A Comparative Study of Spacing and Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield and Economics of Okra

The present investigation was conducted at Horticultural Experimental Farm, B.A.C.A., Anand Agricultural University, Anand in kharif during 2022 and 2023. Ensuring balanced plant nutrients and spacing is essential for achieving optimal okra production. Optimal plant density supports uniform and healthy growth by effectively utilizing moisture, nutrients, and light, thereby maximizing okra yield. Single source of nutrients whether chemical fertilizers, organic manures or biofertilizers that cannot improve production, productivity and soil health. Sowing okra at 60 × 30 cm spacing observed better leaf area (433.06 and 568.01 cm2) and number of nodes per plant (15.57 and 23.46) at 60 and 90 DAS. While, maximum yield per plot (9.20 kg) and yield per hectare (14.19 t) was found in 45 × 30 cm spacing. Application of 25% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost + NPK consortium 1L/ha recorded maximum yield per plot (9.41 kg) and yield per hectare (15.33 t). With respect to treatment combinations, sowing of okra at 60 × 30 cm spacing with application of 25% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost + NPK consortium 1L/ha recorded the highest leaf area (458.88 and 598.27 cm2) at 60 and 90 DAS. However, maximum yield per plot (10.45 kg) and yield per hectare (16.13 t) was found in 45 × 30 cm spacing with application of 25% RDF + 50% RDN through Vermicompost + NPK consortium 1L/ha. On economic point of view, maximum net realization (218555.21 ₹/ha) and BCR (2.11) was obtained in 45 × 30 cm spacing with application of 25% RDF + 50% RDN through FYM + NPK consortium 1L/ha.

Response of Nano Dap on Yield and Nutrient Content of Wheat Grown in Loamy Sand Soil

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand to study the “Response of Nano DAP on Yield and Nutrient Content of Wheat Grown in Loamy Sand Soil” in rabi season during the year 2023-24. The experiment consisted of ten treatments and was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results proved that the combined application of conventional and nano DAP had a positive impact on most of the growth parameters. The application of 100% RDF N and P (T1), (75% RDF N and P + foliar spray with nano DAP @ 4 ml/L at 25 DAS) (T6) and 50% RDF N and P + Seed treatment with nano DAP @ 5 ml/kg seed + First foliar spray with nano DAP @ 4 ml/L at 25 DAS(T10) obtained significantly higher plant height, root length, root biomass, effective numbers of tillers, spike length, test weight, grain yield, straw yield. Similarly, nutrient content and uptake of N and P by grain and straw under T2 and T6 were significantly higher than rest of the treatments. Therefore, we may suggest for 75% RDF N and P + foliar spray with nano DAP @ 4 ml/L at 25 DAS and 50% RDF N and P + Seed treatment with nano DAP @ 5 ml/kg seed + First foliar spray with nano DAP @ 4 ml/L at 25 DAS for better realization of applied nutrients in terms yield responses.

ATTITUDE OF GIRL STUDENTS TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL ENTPRENEURSHIP

India is one of the most populated country in the world. It has third largest entrepreneurial ecosystem in the world. Agricultural entrepreneurship has wide scope in India. India has around 63 million enterprises, of which 11.4% are agricultural enterprises. Out of total enterprises, only 20% are women-owned. Entrepreneurial activities related to food processing, value addition, custom hiring services can generate employment for youth and reduce unemployment. Agricultural entrepreneurship provides huge scope to women to tap their entrepreneurial potential. It is crucial to enhance their attitude towards entrepreneurship to mainstream them in this sector. With this consideration, the present study was undertaken to investigate the attitude of girl students towards the agricultural entrepreneurship. It was conducted in Anand Agricultural University. 50 final year undergraduate girl students were randomly selected for the study. The responses were collected using specially designed interview schedule. It is found that majority of the girl students had highly favorable attitude towards agricultural entrepreneurship. Academic performance, Annual family income, Family type, agricultural entrepreneurship workshop was found positively significant. Locality was found positively related and academic performance was found negatively significant with the attitude of girl students towards entrepreneurship.

Phenol Profiling of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Leaves by LC-MS

Lab experiment was carried out at Department of Agricultural Biotechnology of Anand agricultural university, Anand, Gujarat during 2023-24. Study on phenol profiling was carried out by Liquid Chromatography Mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. Experimental materials for phenol profiling, fresh leaves of 28 genotypes of brinjal along with parents AB 15-06 (P1) and GRB 5 (P2) selected after three months of transplanting. Total 20 phenolic acids used as standard were; salicylic acid, gallic acid, hydroquinone, esculin hydrate, pyrocatechol, methylumbelliferone, umbelliferon, quercetin, coumaric acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, syringaldehyde, fraxetin, 4-hydroxy cinnamaldehyde, aminobenzoic acid, catechin hydrate, sinapic acid and epigallocatechin gallate. Out of Twenty, seven (ferrulic aicd, caffeic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, salicylic acid, syringaldehyde, chlorogenic acid) phenolic compounds were found to be present in detectable quantities in brinjal leaves.

Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield, Soil, and Plant Nutrient Status in Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Phule Mosambi

ABSTRACT Impact of integrated nutrient management on plant and soil nutrient status in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) cv. Phule Mosambi was investigated for two consecutive years i.e. 2019 and 2020 at the Horticultural Research Farm, College of Horticulture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) comprised of 11 treatments replicated thrice. Significantly higher yield was recorded with T11 [50% Recommended Dose of Nitrogen (RDN) + 20 kg farmyard manure (FYM)/tree +25% nitrogen (N) from Castor Cake + 10 ml Bio NPK Consortium + Micronutrient foliar spray (1% Grade IV)] (17.35 and 17.01 t/ha) which was at par with T10 (15.92 and 15.56 a t/ha) during 2019 and 2020, respectively. Amongst the treatments, T11 had increased the nutrient contents of soil as well as in plant and recorded maximum available nitrogen (N), available potassium (K), soil boron (B) content, plant nitrogen (N) content, plant iron (Fe) content, plant copper (Cu) content and plant boron (B) content in both the years whereas available phosphorous (P) was found higher in treatment T7 in both the years. Treatment T8 recorded highest soil copper (Cu) content in both the years. As far as plant zinc (Zn) content is concerned, it was found higher in treatment T9 in both the years.

Relationship between the Profile of Agricultural Students and their Career Aspiration about Prospects of Agripreneurship

Career aspiration refers to a long-term professional aim or goal that a person sets for themselves in their chosen career or profession. Aims: To ascertain the relationship between the profile of students and their career aspiration about prospects of agripreneurship. Study Design: Expost facto research design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was taken at four State Agricultural Universities of Gujarat. August 2023 – March 2024. Methodology: The study was conducted among the students from the agriculture faculty in four State Agricultural Universities of Gujarat which are Navsari Agricultural University, Junagadh Agricultural University, Anand Agricultural University and Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University. The respondents were M.Sc. (Agri.), Ph.D. (Agri.) and final year B.Sc. (Agri.) students from the main campus of each university. Expost facto research design was used. By simple random sampling technique, 25 students from each degree from four universities were selected. Thus, the total sample is 300. By interview method, responses were collected using an interview schedule. The relationship between the independent and dependent variable were analysed using statistical tools such as correlation and stepwise regression. Results: The variables such as age, source of information, risk taking ability, achievement orientation, leadership ability, critical thinking, self-confidence and innovativeness were significantly correlated with the level of career aspiration about prospects of agripreneurship at 1 per cent level of significance. The variables such as the source of information, achievement orientation, critical thinking, innovativeness and age were accounting influences and 41.00 per cent variation in career aspiration of the students. Conclusion: Hence, these variables should be taken care and need to improve for the change in career aspiration.

Growth, Yield and Quality of Linseed under Replacement Series in Legume Intercropping System

Among the oil seeds crops grown during rabi season, linseed is next in importance to rapeseed and mustard in area as well as production. This crop is often grown on marginal and sub marginal land in rainfed conditions as pure and mixed or intercrop. It is one among minor crops which is of economic value because of its common usage in animal feed, oil extraction, etc. There are many factors responsible for lack of productivity of linseed including crop failure. Therefore increasing productivity and avoiding the risk associated with complete crop failure intercropping is the way forward. Hence, a field experiment was conducted at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during two consecutive rabi season of the year 2019-20 and 2020-21 in Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of ninth different intercropping systems viz.; T1: sole chickpea, T2: sole linseed, T3: sole fenugreek, T4: (chickpea + linseed 2:1), T5: (chickpea + linseed 3:1), T6: (chickpea + linseed 4:2), T7: (chickpea + fenugreek 2:1), T8: (chickpea + fenugreek 3:1) and T9: (chickpea + fenugreek 4:2) with four replication. The results showed that the plant height of linseed at harvest, number of branches per plant at 60 DAS (Days after sowing) and at harvest was found significantly higher under treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the both years as well as in pooled results. Furthermore treatment T2 (sole linseed) recorded significantly higher number of capsules/plant during the year 2019-20, 2020-21 and on pooled base analysis, respectively but being comparable with treatment T4 (chickpea + linseed 2:1) during both the years. Maximum seed yield of linseed was obtained under treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the individual years and on pooled base analysis, respectively. Among the intercropping treatments, higher seed yield of linseed was obtained in the treatment T4 (chickpea + linseed 2:1). While the highest straw yield and harvest index of linseed was obtained in treatment T2 (sole linseed) during the year 2019-2020, 2020-21 and in pooled results. Treatment T2 (sole linseed) gave the highest crude protein (%) and oil content (%) during the both years as well as pooled results.

Multi Environment Analysis of Soybean Genotypes to Delineate Stability and Adaptability for Yield and Quality Parameters

The present investigation was carried out at three locations of Gujarat under the jurisdiction of Anand Agricultural University (AAU) during kharif-2022. Three diverse environments were selected for conducting an experiment. The experimental material comprised of 40 genotypes of soybean sown in a randomized block design with three replications at all environments. Based on the AMMI analysis for seed yield per plant, E3 was considered as the most suitable environment for seed yield per plant while, E2 was considered as the poor environment. The genotypes G4, G16 and G40 were considered as the most stable genotypes and had general adaptation for seed yield per plant among all the genotypes since they were least affected by the environment. The genotypes G15, G22, G24, G25, G27, G29, G32 and G39 performed well in the poor environment (E2). Genotypes G10, G20 and G33 had specific adaptability in potential environment (E3) Based on the AMMI stability value G24, G25 and G22 were considered as stable genotypes over environment while, G33, G20 and G35 were considered as unstable genotypes. According to the AMMI 2 biplot G15, G16, G22, G24, G25, G27, G32 and G39 were considered as high yielding with general adaptability. The vertex genotypes for E3 were G10, G12, G20 and G33. G31 was for E2 while, vertex genotype for E1 was G26.

Variability Study and DUS Characterization in Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)

Variability Study and DUS Characterization in Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.)