Analysis Ofthe Data Research Articles

Promoting Reciprocal Relationships with Flexibility, Coaching, and Teaching (PRRFCT Match): A Virtual Parent-Mediated Intervention Package for Young Children with Developmental Disabilities.

This study aimed to evaluate Promoting Reciprocal Relationships with Flexibility, Coaching, and Teaching (PRRFCT Match), a parent-mediated naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention package. An expansion from an earlier pilot study (see Kunze et al., 2021), PRRFCT Match incorporates virtual coaching between a novice coach and parent to implement evidence-based, applied behavior analytic (ABA) techniques during play to increase engagement and decrease unengaged behavior exhibited by their young child with developmental delays(26-50 months old). Ten parent-child dyads were matched with a coach in this concurrent multiple baseline design across participants. Simulating the clinical training level of a novice early interventionist, nine graduate student clinicians received training as coaches on PRRFCT Match implementation and weekly supervision by a research team member. All aspects of training and intervention were delivered virtually. A visual analysis of the data combined with Tau-U revealed a strong basic effect between clinician coaching and parent strategy use. For child participants, a visual analysis and Tau-U results suggest that most increased engagement and decreased their unengaged behavior during the intervention. High variability, overlap, and high engagement at baseline are discussed. This study shows promise for the PRRFCT Match intervention package. The ABA technologies mediated by parents during play increased child engagement and decreased unengagement for most participants.

Pregnancy-related complications in patients with endometriosis in different stages

BackgroundEndometriosis is one of the most common and costly diseases among women. This study was carried out to investigate pregnancy outcomes in women with endometriosis because of the high prevalence of endometriosis in reproductive ages and its effect on pregnancy-related complications outcomes.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study performed on 379 pregnant women with endometriosis who were referred to the endometriosis clinic of the Avicenna Infertility Treatment Center from 2014 to 2020. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed for the endometriosis group and healthy mothers. The group with endometriosis was further divided into two groups: those who underwent surgery and those who either received medication alone or were left untreated before becoming pregnant. The analysis of the data was done using SPSS 18.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 33.65 ± 7.9 years. The frequency of endometriosis stage (P = 0.622) and surgery (P = 0.400) in different age groups were not statistically significant. The highest rates of RIF and infertility were in stages 3 (N = 46, 17.2%) (P = 0.067), and 4 (N = 129, 48.3%) (P = 0.073), respectively, but these differences were not statistically different, and the highest rate of pregnancy with ART/spontaneous pregnancy was observed in stage 4 without significant differences (P = 0.259). Besides, the frequency of clinical/ectopic pregnancy and cesarean section was not statistically different across stages (P > 0.05). There is no significant relationship between endometriosis surgery and infertility (P = 0.089) and RIF (P = 0.232). Most of the people who had endometriosis surgery with assisted reproductive methods got pregnant, and this relationship was statistically significant (P = 0.002) in which 77.1% (N = 138) of ART and 63% (N = 264) of spontaneous pregnancies were reported in patients with endometriosis surgery. The rate of live births (59.4%) was not statistically significant for different endometriosis stages (P = 0.638). There was no stillbirth or neonatal death in this study. All cases with preeclampsia (N = 5) were reported in stage 4. 66.7% (N = 8) of the preterm labor was in stage 4 and 33.3% (N = 4) was in stage 3 (P = 0.005). Antepartum bleeding, antepartum hospital admission, preterm labor, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, abortion, placental complications and NICU admission were higher in stage 4, but this difference had no statistical difference.ConclusionEndometriosis is significantly correlated with infertility. The highest rates of RIF and infertility are observed in stages 3 and 4 of endometriosis. The rate of pregnancy with ART/spontaneous pregnancy, preterm labor, preeclampsia and pregnancy-related complications is higher in stage 4. Most of the people who had endometriosis surgery with assisted reproductive methods got significantly pregnant. Clinical/ectopic pregnancy, cesarean sections, and live birth were not affected by the endometriosis stages.

A pilot exploration of staff and service-user perceptions of a novel digital health technology (Virtual Engagement Rehabilitation Assistant) in complex inpatient rehabilitation

Purpose Digital health technologies have the potential to advance rehabilitation. The Virtual Engagement Rehabilitation Assistant (VERA) is a digital technology, co-designed to increase service-user engagement and promote self-management. This qualitative study explored staff and service-user perceptions of implementing VERA on a UK complex inpatient rehabilitation ward. Methods Purposively sampled service-users were allocated to VERA for up to six weeks. The Non-adoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread and Sustainability (NASSS) framework underpinned service-user post-intervention interviews and staff focus groups, and structured analysis of the data. Seven service-users were interviewed. Nine staff contributed to focus groups. Results A framework analysis identified themes (and subthemes) structured by the NASSS framework domains: 1. Nature of Clinical Condition, 2. Technology (Ease of Use, Holding Information/Resources in a single Digital Location, Appointments), 3. Value Proposition (Structuring Time, Feedback, Unexpected Benefits) 4. Adopters (Confidence in using Technology, Usefulness), 5. Wider Organisation. Ease of use and storage of key information in a single location were beneficial. Reliability, and provision of accurate and timely feedback to staff and service-users, were identified as essential. Conclusions A blended approach is required to meet staff and service-user needs. The potential for VERA in a community setting was identified and requires further investigation. Learning from VERA will support development of other digital technologies and their implementation.

A community based intervention to modify preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in children: a randomized controlled trial based on PRECEDE PROCEED model

ObjectivesIran ranks among the top six countries globally with a significant incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Using planning models is one community-based intervention to promote preventive behaviors. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model (PPM) in modifying preventive behaviors related to CL in children through mother training in a community intervention.MethodsA randomized controlled trial based on the PPM model was conducted on 168 mothers (intervention (n = 84) and control group (n = 84) with 10 years old children in the rural areas of Iran. Mothers from 7 village areas were randomly allocated to the intervention (2 village) and control groups (5 village). The intervention group received a program comprising eight 90-minute training sessions and environmental interventions. In this study, we utilized the PPM as a framework to design the questionnaires on Leishmaniosis prevention behavior. Participants in both groups completed the questionnaires at baseline (before the intervention), immediately after the intervention, and at the 2-month follow-up. Analysis of the data was conducted utilizing SPSS20, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsCompared to the control group, the intervention group showed significant increases in knowledge, enabling factors, reinforcing factors, attitude, and preventive behaviors related to Cutaneous Leishmaniasis over time from baseline to follow-up (P < 0.001). No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the alterations of the PPM construct, knowledge, and preventive behaviors within the control group from pre-intervention to follow-up.ConclusionsCommunity (education and environmental) intervention based on PPM is feasible and acceptable to modify preventive behaviors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in children by increasing a mother’s knowledge and attitude as well as changing enabling and reinforcing factors.Trial registrationIRCT20160619028529N8.

Using subtle variations in groundwater geochemistry to identify the proximity of individual geological structures: a case study from the Grimsel Test Site (Switzerland)

Understanding groundwater flow and the evolution of groundwater chemistry in networks of fractures in crystalline rock is of fundamental interest for geothermal projects, nuclear waste disposal, and groundwater resources. Groundwater chemistry at a given location is typically conceived of being of a specific ‘type’ (e.g. meteoric, juvenile, connate, marine), with associated chemical types controlled through water-rock interactions. Minor chemical variations between groundwater sample locations with the same chemical type are generally considered as ‘noise’ in the geochemical data. Here, we argue that this noise contains useful information on the mineral phases encountered by the groundwater as it travels through specific flow pathways. We analyse the spatial variability of groundwater chemistry around the Grimsel Test Site (GTS), Switzerland, where groundwater is hosted in two lithologies: the Central Aar Granite and the Grimsel Granodiorite, where flow occurs predominantly in a fracture network created by brittle reactivation of ductile shear zones. Groundwater chemistry is analysed using principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses, which identify two groundwater types based on their chemistry. The primary control on groundwater type is the host rock lithology (granite/granodiorite). While the spatial variability of groundwater chemistry within each of the two lithologies is small, statistical analysis of the data shows similar groundwater chemistry in borehole intervals that are crosscut by similar geological structures, implying a structural control on groundwater chemistry. Our research shows that subtle chemical variations in groundwater provide information on fracture network connectivity and the proximity of geological features, that specific volumes of groundwater has interacted with. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Sustainable geological disposal and containment of radioactive waste collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/radioactive

A Social Cognitive Career Theory Study of Agricultural Mechanical Trade Workers

Attracting and retaining skilled workers in agriculture is a global problem. Shortages of essential workers disrupt supplies of goods and services from the point of production on farms through manufacturing, transport, to ultimate consumption. The global pandemic’s effect on food supply was a salutary lesson in the effects of a diminished agricultural workforce. Agricultural mechanics are vital to productivity. The present research used the social cognitive career theory to explore agricultural mechanics’ careers. An exploratory qualitative study deployed interviews to collect data from N = 19 mechanical trade workers. Interviews were centered on participants’ descriptions of their work regarding theoretical constructs including self-efficacy, outcome expectations, satisfaction, dispositional traits, and contextual affordances. Reflective thematic analysis of the data produced concordance with key constructs of the social cognitive career theory sufficient to justify its utility for research with this specific agricultural occupation. This research makes an important contribution to the literature of vocational psychology which can and should contribute to solving the complex problem of supporting a workforce needed for agriculture’s ongoing challenge of feeding and clothing the world’s growing population.

Daily Case Trends of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused immense and immeasurable disruption to billions of lives worldwide, and the strain on healthcare workers and facilities will undoubtedly be seen for years to come. Many factors impact the incidence and prevalence of COVID-19 in states, such as policies and legislation, funding, partisanship of the statehouse, vaccination rates, and rurality. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the differences in the daily positive cases between Indiana and Washington State and examine the respective ways each state tried to mitigate the morbidity and mortality of the virus. Indiana and Washington State were chosen as the states have similar populations in different geographical locations in the country and varying responses to the pandemic. Data was obtained from the respective state health departments over a period of two and a half years from March 2020 to December 2022. Independent t-tests were used for the analysis of the data between Indiana and Washington. Overall, Indiana had a higher daily positive case rate when compared to Washington. Indiana had a lower vaccination rate and had more hospitalizations and deaths compared to Washington and the US population as a whole. The difference in the findings of each state could be attributed to the partisanship of the state and the ways in which partisanship influences the enacting of legislation and policies intended to mitigate disease, as well as public health funding allocated by the state.

A retrospective study of the relationship between the presence of complaints and the identified pathological changes in the temporomandibular joint

Introduction. In the practice of an orthodontist, diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are an urgent problem due to their widespread, diverse clinical manifestations.Goal. To study the relationship between the identified anatomical and functional disorders of the TMJ, as risk factors for complications during orthodontic treatment, and the presence of characteristic complaints in the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ.Materials and methods. According to the type of organization and the ratio of data collection time, the scientific study belonged to a longitudinal retrospective study, according to the type of observation: case-control. A retrospective analysis of 102 outpatient medical records of patients who sought medical help from an orthodontist at a dental clinic was carried out. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the presence of a newly diagnosed disease of the temporomandibular joint, mandatory radiological diagnostic methods. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the TMJ in the patient who sought medical help was used as a radiation diagnosis. As part of the scientific study, the structure of pathological changes in the TMJ was analyzed, the relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology was studied.Results. The analysis of the data showed that the MR examination of the TMJ reveals pathological changes in patients who sought orthodontic care, both with complaints and with an asymptomatic course of diseases. Data analysis did not show a statistically significant relationship between the presence of complaints and the revealed pathology in the case of degenerative (χ2 = 0.123; p &gt; 0.05), inflammatory changes in the TMJ (χ2 = 0.123; p &gt; 0.05) and pathological disorders of the masticatory muscles (F = 0.704; p &gt; 0.05). The relationship is statistically significant, but weak for ventral dislocation without reposition (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.107) and the dorsal arrangement of the disc (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.101). In the case of ventral dislocation of the articular disc with the reposition, the relationship is statistically significant, of medium strength (p &lt; 0.05; φ = 0.284).Conclusions. The results of a retrospective analysis of medical documentation confirm the need for instrumental research methods for all patients, regardless of whether they have any complaints at the stage of determining the optimal tactics of orthodontic intervention to obtain diagnostic information on the state of the TMJ in order to prevent the risks of complications during orthodontic treatment.

Examination of the Activities in the 5th Grade Turkish Course Book in Terms of Digital Competence

In this study, the activities in 5th grade Turkish textbook were examined in terms of digital competence. The case study design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the research. In this context, an attempt was made to reveal the adequacy of the activities in the textbook in terms of digital competence. For this purpose, a list of criteria was created by the researcher. The data was obtained through document analysis using the criteria list from the activities in this textbook. Descriptive analysis technique was used to interpret the data. As a result of the findings obtained from the analysis of the data, it was determined that examined only 10 of the 329 activities and 41 of the 128 preparatory studies were capable of measuring digital competence. Although 32 percent of the preparatory studies fill the gap of activities in terms of directing students to internet resources, it has been determined that they mostly measure the "access to information" item, while other items are measured very little or not at all. Since access to information alone will not be sufficient to gain digital competence, it has been concluded that the activities in this textbook are not sufficient in terms of digital competence.

Palliative Social Work Services for Cancer Patients in Southeast Nigeria: An Exploration

Palliative social work services are essential for addressing the complex psychosocial needs of cancer patients, particularly in resource-constrained areas like Southeast Nigeria. Despite the recognition of social work in palliative care for cancer patients, effective delivery faces significant challenges impacting both social service delivery and patient outcomes. This study investigates the provision of palliative social work services for cancer patients using in-depth interviews with 18 participants (six social workers and twelve cancer patients) from two hospitals in Southeast Nigeria. Participants were purposefully sampled based on their roles in providing or receiving palliative care support. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that social work palliative services encompass psychosocial support, spiritual guidance, and educational resources. However, social workers encounter barriers such as emotional stress, burnout, communication gaps, financial constraints, and socio-cultural factors. The study suggests that regular debriefing sessions and educational programs could improve palliative care delivery. Policy advocacy is recommended to recognize and support the pivotal role of palliative social workers in cancer care. Future research should explore innovative strategies using quantitative methods to overcome barriers and enhance palliative social work effectiveness across diverse cultural and healthcare contexts, ultimately improving social service delivery to cancer patients and advancing social service research.

Nephrotransplantectomy Using Radiosurgical Techniques

Introduction. Aſter the loss of kidney transplant function, patient curation can be a difficult task. Nephrotransplantectomy (NTE) is the method of choice between reduction of immunosuppression with the abandonment of a non-functioning kidney transplant and embolization. This is an operation with potentially significant indicators of blood loss, complications and mortality. Along with traditional NTE, we began to use endovascular isolation of the allograſt as a method of preoperative preparation before its removal.The aim of the work is to investigate the effect of the use of radiosurgical minimally invasive techniques on the surgical tactics of nephrotransplantectomy, the degree of blood loss, the frequency of complications and blood transfusion.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the data of 52 patients aſter NTE was performed. Depending on the method, patients are divided into two groups. In group 1 (main, n = 22), the operation was performed with pre-performed endovascular embolization of the graſt arteries (EEAT), in group 2 (control, n = 30) — without EEAT. The analysis of the results of the examination, intra- and postoperative indicators in patients by groups was carried out.Results. In group 1, intraoperative blood loss was 10–80 ml, on average (35.4±19.9) ml; in group 2 — from 100 to 600 ml, on average (289.7±138.4) ml (p &lt; 0.001). In group 2, damage to the main vessels occurred more oſten (n = 4) (13.3 % vs. 0 %), hemotransfusion was performed in 53.3 % of cases (n = 16) to correct posthemorrhagic anemia. Postoperative complications in the control group were recorded in 8 patients (26.7 %).Discussion. Preventive endovascular embolization of the arteries of a kidney transplant significantly reduces the frequency ofintra- and postoperative complications, allows nephrectomy to be performed on a planned basis andin a delayed manner.

PREPARATION TIMES FOR ELECTIVE ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the relationship between preparation times and operative procedures for elective orthopaedic surgery. A clearer understanding of these relationships may facilitate list organisation and thereby contribute to improved operating theatre efficiency.MethodsTwo years of elective orthopaedic theatre data was retrospectively analysed. The hospital medical information unit provided de- identified data for 2015 and 2016 elective orthopaedic cases, from which were selected seven categories of procedures with sufficient numbers to allow further analysis - primary hip and knee replacement, spinal surgery, shoulder surgery (excluding shoulder replacement), knee surgery, foot and ankle surgery (excluding ankle replacement), Dupuytrens surgery and general orthopaedic surgery. The data analysed included patient age, ASA grade, operation, operation time, and preparation time (calculated as the time from the start of the anaesthetic proceedings to the patient's admission to Recovery, with the operating time [skin incision to skin closure] subtracted). Statistical analysis of the data was undertaken.ResultsA total of 1596 procedures performed over the two year period were analysed. Preparation times for the different procedures were assessed, along with the relationship to the procedure complexity. Neither age nor ASA correlated strongly with preparation times. Spine procedures had greater preparation times than hip and knee arthroplasty. Greater uniformity in preparation times for hip and knee arthroplasty was seen across the anaesthetic group than operative times across the surgeon group.DiscussionPreparation times are just one aspect that may be evaluated with regard to theatre utilisation. This study did not address the theatre turn-over time between cases, which includes transfer of the patient from the admitting/pre-operative area into the theatre.ConclusionPreparation times for elective procedures follow a pattern which may be used to inform list planning, with the potential for greater theatre efficiencies with regard to list utilisation and staff allocation.

"Hearing the pupils' voices through my own struggles": A qualitative study of return to work among school counselors who are breast cancer survivors.

For breast cancer survivors, returning to work is an important step for their personal, financial, and psycho-social recovery. Returning to work as a school counselor can be particularly challenging because of the demands of their job and stress at work. This qualitative study examines return to work among school counselors who are breast cancer survivors. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 survivors of breast cancer stages I-III between the ages of 32 and 55, and up to ten years after the completion of chemotherapy. Interviews focused on the discovery of the illness, treatment period, ramifications of the diagnosis on various aspects of life, and implications for work. Using thematic analysis of the data collected, analysis of the findings revealed three key themes: 1) "Everyone is replaceable": The significance of disruptions in work continuity for school counselors who are breast cancer survivors. 2) "From Zero to a Hundred": Challenges Faced by Counselors in Returning to Work after Breast Cancer Recovery.3) "It's hard to listen to counselees' problems when I am immersed in my own crisis": How surviving breast cancer affects return to work among school counselors. Findings highlight the unique needs of these counselors and the challenges they face upon returning to work. The study discusses recommendations for school principals including training, advocacy, and awareness to support survivors and improve their return to work.

Analyses of industrial air pollution and long-term health risk using different dispersion models and WRF physics parameters

AbstractThis study consists of three main sections. The first section delves into a performance analysis centered around modeling PM10, NOx, and CO emissions from a cement factory. It examines the effectiveness of various factors, including meteorological data, physics models, and air quality dispersion models, in producing accurate results for atmospheric simulations. The second section covers the dispersion direction and concentrations obtained by visualizing the dispersion maps. The third section covers an analysis of heavy metals emitted from the facility, taking into account potential risks in the region such as cancer, acute and chronic effects, and long-term respiratory risks. This study made use of meteorological models (WRF, AERMET, and CALMET), air quality dispersion models (AERMOD and CALPUFF), a health risk analysis model (HARP), and various sub-models (MMIF and CALWRF). Satellite meteorological data were obtained from NCEP and ERA, with the majority of meteorological data based on the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS)/Final Operational Global Analysis (FNL) from Global Tropospheric Analyses and Forecast Grids used for the WRF model. In the daily results, AERMOD showed the highest concentration values, but CALPUFF had greater concentrations throughout the annual period. The winter season had the highest concentrations of pollutants. Although there are differences among the physics models used in this research, the conclusions produced are consistent. Analysis of the data from the HARP model suggested that cancer risk levels exceeded the threshold of one person per million. However, the proportion of exceedance instances is rather small in comparison to the receptor points.

Experiences of the family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in north Indian region: A qualitative inquiry

IntroductionFamily caregivers with schizophrenia struggle with psychological, social, and other challenges due to stigma, lack of adequate information, and maladaptive coping strategies. We aimed to explore the experiences of caregivers of persons with schizophrenia (PwS) to comprehend the emotional challenges and other burdens and coping strategies utilized. MethodsWe subscribed to a phenomenological approach and interviewed nine caregivers in-depth. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and translated from Hindi to English. Thematic analysis was performed using the seven-step Colaizzi's method. ATLAS.ti.22 was used for the analysis of the data. ResultsFive themes emerged from the data: 1) general understanding of schizophrenia, 2) emotional burden, 3) Disruption in personal and socio-occupational life, 4) challenges in caregiving, and 5) coping strategies. Caregiving adversely affected the quality of life socially and financially. Schizophrenia stigmatized families, trapped them in their homes, and left them no choice but to get support from informal networks. Also, caregivers experienced a lack of healthcare facilities in the vicinity and reported a substandard level of formal care. ConclusionGiving care to PwS entails financial, social, emotional, and physical burden. Feelings of frustration, helplessness, uncertainty, and loss are common. Transformation of personal, professional, and social life are usual consequence of caregiving. Generally, caregivers cope through addictions or spiritual means. Significant perceived requirements include a lack of knowledge about the condition and how to manage it as well as inadequate support services. Emotional and financial support and community support services near home may ease the burden of caregiving for PwS.

Comprehensive Wheat Straw Processing with Deep Eutectic Solvent to Deliver Reducing Sugar

AbstractPretreatment is one of the bottlenecks in the cost and energy-efficient biomass valorization. Deep eutectic solvents are potential candidates for being used to address these challenges. In this work, the deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride, and acetic acid was studied for its use in wheat straw fractionation. The pretreated biomass was assessed concerning the lignin and glucan content. Under optimized time and temperature conditions, defined using Doehlert matrix chemometric tool, of 3 h 47 min and 139.6 °C, the processed wheat straw contained as much as 42.5 ± 0.42 wt.% and 38.59 ± 1.26 wt.% of glucan and lignin contents, respectively. The need for biomass washing after the pretreatment with deep eutectic solvents and before the enzymatic hydrolysis step was also evaluated. The obtained enzymatic hydrolysis results, i.e., glucan to glucose yield of 27.13 ± 0.25 vs. 25.73 ± 0.08 for washed or unwashed biomass correspondingly, are equally good substrates. Fractal kinetic analysis of the data showed similar values of k and h for both glucose and xylose reactions between washed and unwashed biomass. This confirmed that biomass washing is an unnecessary step, which in turn opens room for biomass processing intensification.

The backyard: Cumulative trauma of children from East Jerusalem who were removed from their homes

BackgroundFew studies examined child abuse and neglect and its consequences in the context of a complex socio-political reality such as East Jerusalem. Additionally, research typically addresses trauma resulting of child maltreatment from the perspective of the children. Yet, little is known about the perceptions of the parents whose children were removed from their home by court order. ObjectiveThis study explored the perceptions of families in East Jerusalem whose young children were removed from their home by an Israeli court order. Specifically, the parents' perceptions of the trauma experienced by their children and of the responses of their children to the removal from home. MethodsSemi-structured interviews with 22 caregivers (13 mothers, 8 fathers, and one aunt) of children at risk from East Jerusalem. The qualitative analysis was based on the principles of grounded theory. ResultsThe analysis of the data revealed five risk factors attributed by the parents to their children's situation: Their young age, the abuse and neglect, the secondary victimization, the removal from home, and living in a conflict zone such as East Jerusalem. ConclusionsThese risk factors of the children who are at the center of this study result in a cumulative trauma which intensifies their vulnerability. The lack of early childhood educational services in East Jerusalem places these children under the radar of the social service. Therefore, it is essential for policymakers to provide the necessary resources to these families.

Risk Factors of Hyperbilirubinemia after Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Objective: To explore the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia after acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). Methods: Retrospective analysis of the data of 150 patients with ATAAD surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from 2021 to 2023. There were 117 males and 33 females. They were divided into patients according to the highest postoperative plasma total bilirubin level. Two groups, 85 cases in the hyperbilirubinemia group (HB group) total bilirubin (TBIL) &gt;51.3 µmol/L; 65 cases in the non-hyperbilirubinemia group (NHB group) (TBIL &lt;51.3 µmol/L). Two independent samples t-test was used to compare the two groups of samples, binary logistic regression analyzed the risk factors leading to postoperative HB, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyzed the critical values of the risk factors. Result: The incidence of postoperative HB was 56.7%. The preoperative plasma TBIL had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.213 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.044–1.410, p = 0.012). The operation time had an OR of 1.019 (95% CI: 1.008–1.030, p = 0.001). The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time had an OR of 1.053 (95% CI: 1.019–1.087, p = 0.022). The aortic cross-clamp time had an OR of 1.030 (95% CI: 1.006–1.055, p = 0.015). ROC curve analysis revealed critical values for preoperative plasma TBIL, operation time, CPB time, and aortic cross-clamp time as 12.95 µmol/L, 387.5 min, 190.5 min, and 117.5 min, respectively. Conclusion: HB is a frequently observed complication after surgery in patients with ATAAD, and it is associated with a poor prognosis. Several risk factors contribute to the increased occurrence of HB, including preoperative serum TBIL levels, operation time, CPB time, and aortic cross-clamp time.

The effect of conscious mindfulness-based informative approaches on managing symptoms in hemodialysis patients

IntroductionThe research was conducted to determine the effect of conscious mindfulness based informative approaches applied in hemodialysis patients on reducing stress and managing symptoms.MethodsThis research was conducted as a real experimental model with a control group. Research population consisted of 160 hemodialysis patients. The sample of the study was determined as 120 hemodialysis patients in total, 60 in the experimental and 60 in the control group, as a result of the power analysis. After the pre-test application, a mindfulness-based stress reduction program was applied to the experimental group. In the analysis of the data collected in the research, percentage, frequency, chi-square analysis, t-test for independent groups, t-test for dependent groups were used by means of SPSS for Windows 22.00 statistical software package.ResultsThe t-test analyses of the differences between pre-test and post-test scores of hemodialysis patients in the experimental group were found to be significant in favor of the post-tests.DiscussionIt was found out that the conscious mindfulness-based informative approaches decreased the perceived stress and anxiety of the patients in the experimental group, whereas increased their levels of conscious mindfulness and symptom management.

Factors Affecting the Mental Health of Youth After the Great Kahramanmaras Earthquake Disaster

This study aims to determine the extent of the psychological effects of the Kahramanmaraş earthquake disaster, which is widely regarded as one of the most significant disasters of the century, on young people based on their direct or indirect exposure and to investigate the impact of these issues on life satisfaction. Data were collected from 337 individuals who were continuing their advanced education at a state university in Turkey, using a demographic information form, life satisfaction scale and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21. In the analysis of the data, t-test, Pearson correlation test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were employed. The results of the analyses indicated that as the intensity of exposure to disaster news increased, the stress, depression, and anxiety levels of the participants also increased. Individuals who experienced the earthquake personally and participated in volunteer aid activities demonstrated higher depression and anxiety scores and DASS21 scale total scores than those who did not directly experience the earthquake but followed the news and those whose relatives experienced the earthquake. There was no significant difference in the intensity of following earthquake news between men and women among the participants. However, it was determined that the intensity of following earthquake news from media and social media tools positively and significantly predicted the life satisfaction of the participants. These findings provide insights for future mental health interventions and social work practices for young people affected by the earthquake.