Analysis Of Word Forms Research Articles

MULTICOMPONENCE AS A STRUCTURAL PECULIARITY OF MILITARY TERMS IN FOREIGN MASS MEDIA INTO RUSSIAN TRANSLATION

This article delves into the important analysis of the structural peculiarities of multicomponent military terms, a topic of increasing importance due to the need to describe professional objects and concepts, identify complex ideas, and unearth new dimensions of the studied phenomena. The prevalence of multicomponent terminology in foreign mass media resources underscores its significance in the media landscape. The purpose of the article is to explore the structural characteristics of multicomponent military terms extracted from mass media sources, providing a Russian translation. We also seek to identify the primary formulas and constituent components of these terms. By doing so, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of how English military terms can be formed and the development of a terminological dictionary that will include the latest examples of multicomponent military terms. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its focus on a particular and specialized domain of terminological studies, which will help to comprehend the challenges associated with understanding the structural and semantic features of multicomponent military terms, their word formation and constituent components frequently used in their structural models. The results obtained can also serve as a foundation for other fields of terminology.The research methodology is a combination of different research methods, such as the method of continuous sampling, component analysis, and word-formation analysis, which are used to analyze the selected material, and the quantitative approach helps to deal with the numerical data. The systematized examples of multicomponent military terms, categorized into two-, three-, and four-component terms and compound terms with hyphenated spelling, are accompanied by the corresponding translation. The findings of this research will equip translators, researchers, and practitioners with a deeper understanding of the challenges and strategies involved in analyzing the structural models of multicomponent military terms, thereby enhancing their professional capabilities.

Methods of Teaching Russian Derivation as a Basis for Expanding the Vocabulary of Foreign Medical Students

The article raises the pedagogical problem of creating an integrated system of training foreign students receiving higher medical education using an intermediary language (English) for the state final certification, which takes place in Russian. The analysis of the texts of situational tasks in examination disciplines (therapy, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics) allowed us to identify their standard structure with the allocation of a finite number of typical syntactic blocks in the tasks, which allowed us to focus on their lexical content and, above all, on the systemic word-formation analysis of different parts of speech, understanding the meanings of words and their significant parts. The formation of students’ systematic understanding of language occurs through the use of functional-communicative, structural-semantic, component methods, modeling methods in word-formation refraction, methods of systematization and classification of word-formation material. This is facilitated by the innovative generalizing course “Scientific activity of a doctor” (8–10 semesters) developed by the authors, the purpose of which is to create motivational attitudes that ensure the use of system data of derivatology in teaching Russian as a foreign language. It is concluded that the creation of an idea of the Russian word structure and its assimilation, form the ability to correlate the basics of different types, to identify word-formation morphemes that make it possible to predict the meaning of previously unknown words and facilitate the understanding of a complex special text of clinical situational tasks, which contributes to the formation of a professional terminological dictionary of a medical university student. It is confirmed that methodological techniques that ensure knowledge of the semantics of communicatively significant derived lexical units make it possible to fully perceive and generate speech. Keywords: methods of teaching, derivation, linguodidactics, professional communication, bilingual education

ЭВФЕМИЗМЫ СО ЗНАЧЕНИЯМИ ‘УМИРАТЬ’ И ‘УБИВАТЬ’ В ТЕКСТАХ ХАКАССКИХ ГЕРОИЧЕСКИХ ЭПОСОВ «АЛТЫН-АРЫГ» И «АЙ-ХУУЧИН»

The heroic epics of the Turkic peoples in Siberia are the brightest achievement of their authentic culture. Due to the processes of urbanization, the diverging from the traditional way of life that are actively taking place in the Republic of Khakassia today, the mass bilingualism among the native speakers of the Khakas language, the switch to Russian by the Khakas younger generation, the loss of traditions in intergenerational transmission of folklore works, especially heroic epic, it is very important to study the linguistic features of Khakas folklore. The purpose of the article is to describe the features of semantic models of verbal euphemisms with meanings ‘to die’ and ‘to kill’, presented in Khakas heroic epics Altyn-Aryg and Ai-Khuuchin. Nominative units with similar meanings have not been previously studied in Khakas language and folklore studies. To achieve this goal, the method of contextual analysis, component analysis, and word formation analysis were used. Phrases with euphemistic verbal nominations, included in thematic group ‘death’ were identified with the help of the method of contextual analysis. Using the method of component analysis, the presence of seme ‘death as cessation of vital activity’ was confirmed in the verb semes. By word-formation analysis, models of the formation of euphemisms with meanings ‘to die’ (8 models) and ‘to kill’ (5 models) were established. The notion “to die” is conveyed by euphemisms formed according to such semantic models as “to lie down > to die”; “to fall down > to die”; “to cross > to die”; “to pass over > to die”; “to break off > to die”; “to transform > to die”; “to part > to die”; “to break (about a saddle pommel) > to die”. The notion “to kill” in the analyzed texts is conveyed through euphemisms formed using semantic models “to make somebody lie down > to kill”, “to make somebody cross > to kill”, “to drop > to kill”, “to tear > to kill”, “to eat > to kill”. Most of euphemisms are formed by metaphorical transfer; one semantic model is based on metonymic transfer (“to break (about a saddle pommel) > to die”). The analyzed units reflect archaism of the ideas reflected in them about death as a transition to the world of the dead, as the result of the interruption of a thread–like substance – a soul ‘tyn’, as the transformation of the external appearance (khubul- literary ‘to change', ‘to transform'), as the parting with the light world ‘akh charykh’

POLISEMI LEKSEM (上 Shàng) PADA SERIAL DRAMA《我的父亲母亲》Wǒ de fùqīn mǔqīn

Elements in language such as phrases, words, and sentences can be analyzed using linguisticstudies, including semantic studies related to language meaning. This article discusses thepolysemy of lexemes 上 (shàng) in the drama series 我的父亲母亲 (Wǒ de fùqīn mǔqīn).This paper uses a qualitative approach, using note-takingand listening and translationtechniques. Data was collected from Mandarin drama series sources and analyzed withreference to representative sources. 22 data were found and 14 data were described. Theresearch results show that there are many dialogues containing the lexeme 上(shàng),indicating that this word is often used in Mandarin both in writing and conversation. In wordformation analysis, the lexeme 上 (shàng) is a free morpheme that can form new words andmeanings. The findings show that the diversity of meanings is still related to basic meaningsand new meanings which must be seen from various aspects in forming meaning.Key words: lexeme 上 (shàng), meaning, polysemy

Экспрессивные способы создания новообразований в социальных сетях (на примере социальной сети «Telegram»)

The article analyzes expressive ways of creating new lexical units. The material consists of contexts of various contents extracted from the open resources of the Telegram messenger in the space of 2021–2023. Research methods and techniques include continuous sampling, the descriptive method with elements of interpretive analysis, word-formation analysis. New nominations formed with the help of contamination have been identified. Such word-forming neologisms are used to create a comic effect. The contaminated innovations that participate in the strategy of discrediting Orthodoxy are analyzed. New lexical units indicate a low communicative competence of the addresser. Tmesis nominations are characterized. It is proved that these media innovations have a special expressiveness, attract the user’s attention. The new nominations that have arisen as a result of the inter-word overlap are considered. It is confirmed that media innovations created with the help of inter-word overlay express evaluation and are a means of language play. The new nominations formed as a result of graphixation and its varieties are analyzed. Graphic hybrids participate in the creation of intentional ambiguity, express an individual element, stimulate the imagination of readers. New lexical units based on precedent phenomena are registered. It is established that such new nominations attract the attention of the addressee, disrupt predictability, enhance the expressiveness of the title. Such media innovations are noted, which have expletive and obscene lexemes in their structures as derivational bases. Aggressive nominations cause users to backlash, to violate ethical norms of speech behavior. The results of this paper may be of interest to teachers, students, cadets, as well as to anyone interested in active processes in the field of word formation.

«Coronavirus Pandemic» Conceptual Framework: Analysis of Verbal Representation in the English-Speaking Media

The article is devoted to the study of the "coronavirus pandemic" conceptual framework. The new conditions of existence could not but be reflected in the language — through the appearance of new words and phrases, as well as through the actualization of previously existing lexical units as a result of their transition from special spheres of functioning to general use, which in turn are united by one conceptual framework оf "coronavirus pandemic". The relevance of this work is determined by the constant development of the English language, the emergence of new lexical units that directly affect the expansion of vocabulary. This paper presents a selection of lexical units that verbalize the conceptual framework of the "coronavirus pandemic" in the English linguistic consciousness. The object of the study is the conceptual framework "coronavirus pandemic". The subject of the study is the lexical means of representing the concepts that make up the "coronavirus pandemic" conceptual framework. The purpose of this work is to study the linguistic ways of representing the conceptual framework of the "coronavirus pandemic" and to identify its structure. The empiric material is lexical units obtained by continuous sampling from English-language websites and online magazines for 2020-2022. The scientific novelty of the study lies in an attempt to study and model the conceptual framework of the "coronavirus pandemic" and consider the means of its representation. In this study, the following methods were used: continuous sampling method, analysis, synthesis, cognitive modeling method, contextual method, word-formation analysis, as well as quantitative analysis.

Types and functions of the neologisms in E. Zamyatin’s novel "We" (to the 140th anniversary of the birth)

The article examines the neologisms used in the text of E. Zamyatin ’s novel "We". The aim is to identify their types and determine their functions in the work. The research establishes the total number of word-formation innovations and concludes that potential words, primarily compound adjectives and adverbs, predominate in the inventory of neologisms in the text of the novel "We". Research methods: using word-formation analysis, the types of new formations are established. The functions of neoderivatives in the text are determined and systematised based on structural-semantic and linguostylistic analysis. The study identifies the primary methods of creating neologisms (compounding, compounding-suffixation, blending, suffixation) and highlights several genuine occasionalisms created by Zamyatin. The research demonstrates that the neologisms in the novel are multifunctional. They serve to create figurative characterisations of the personae, as well as the depicted phenomena and objects. Moreover, these neologisms perform the characterological and compression functions in conjunction with the nominative function proper (denote the realities of the Unified State). They contribute to the development of the recurring motifs in the work and largely determine its leitmotif structure. The paper emphasises that the nature of the neologisms in the novel "We" reflects the characteristics of E. Zamyatin ’s individual style as a whole and is associated with the aesthetic principles of neorealism the writer substantiated (creation of integral images, conveyance of visual impressions, and others).

ODNOS PREFIKSACIJE, KOMPOZICIJE I KOMBINOVANE TVORBE U SRPSKOM JEZIKU

The paper focuses on the analysis of some disputable examples from grammar books and relevant literature. The paper proposed how to establish the criteria in the analysis of word formation. The greatest number of the interconnectedness of word formation models can be found in the processes of prefixation, derivation, and compounding. The goal of the paper was to underscore controversial examples based on the selected examples and to provide a unique word-formation model justified by relevant criteria. One and the same example may result in two or even three word formation options with inconsistent analytical criteria. The selected examples confirm that the semantic criterion is predominant, but also that, by applying the crite- rion the last stage of word formation, unique and logical word formation models can be derived.

Linguocreative word-formation devices in political anthroponyms (the case of English internet memes)

The article looks at the linguocreative word-formation devices in political anthroponyms within the context of English internet memes. The research is relevant due to the existing necessity to thoroughly research linguistic creativity at the level of word formation in English internet communication. The methods used in the research include collecting and analysing empirical material, word formation analysis, definitional analysis, linguocreative analysis, discourse analysis, linguocultural analysis, semantic analysis. The results of the research show that such linguocreative word formation devices as the generation of linguocreative occasional telescopic lexemes derived from two derivational bases, linguocreative transformations of anthroponyms based on paronymic attraction and language game with abbreviations are widely spread in English memes. Telescopy is a word formation process which involves generating a linguocreative occasional lexeme derived from two anthroponyms. Linguocreative transformations of anthroponyms based on paronymic attraction entail the deformation of an anthroponym in order to show resemblance to a similar word for creating a pragmatic effect. Language game with abbreviations functions as a linguocreative ‘decoding’ of a political anthroponym, as a result of which the author provides the recipient with an original and usually humorous interpretation of the precedent name. According to the research, the derivatives, generated with the help of the above mentioned devices, have broad semantics, connotations and pragmatic underpinning. To conclude, English internet memes act as a platform for linguocreative word formation processes, furthermore, political anthroponyms have a strong linguocreative potential. The results obtained in the research can be successfully applied in the educational process on the theoretical level and in English language teaching.

Possibilities of regular word-formation in the poetry of Joseph Brodsky (based on the poems of the 1960s–1970s)

The article is devoted to regular word-formation in the fictional practice. The purpose of the work is to reveal the possibilities of the regular word-formation system based on the poetry of Joseph Brodsky. Within the framework of this study, we consider the concept of “productivity” and the approaches to differentiation between word-formation type and word-formation model definitions. We have formulated the meaning of the term “a word-formation category”. The article studies the structural and semantic aspects of regular derivatives: using the method of word-formation analysis, we have identified productive word-formation types for different parts of speech, actual categorical meanings and frequency morphemes. The article identifies stylistic features of specific morphemes and analyses the combination of different-style derivatives when the image and function of lexemes that implement different word-building types are created. In the corpus of regular derivatives, we reveal the productivity of “color” paradigms, which emphasizes their semantic importance for the poetic imagery of Joseph Brodsky. In the course of our study, we noted derivational lexemes of a different order – potential and occasional. Their basis is the usual system of language, which confirms the high potential of regular word formation for a poetic text. The article concludes that regular derivatives play an important role in constructing poetic imagery.

Новые соционимы в интернет-коммуникации 2000-2022 гг.: функционально-семантические характеристики

The object of the study is the actual socionyms functioning in the Russian-language Internet communication in 2000-2022. They reflect identities, characteristics that become the basis for the delimitation of the social space of society. The analysis includes semantic, motivological, word-formation analysis of socionyms, characterization of their usage, including usage in semantic formulas correlated with the dictionary of identity / characterization dictionary, determination of the tendency of socionyms to contexts with a certain sentiment. At the same time, a significant (down to zero marks) decrease in the frequency of analyzed socionyms in Russian-language Internet communication should be noted since February 2022. It is shown that socionyms function in formulas of identifying (self) definition, optionally in formulas of identifying spatial, event-related community. The described units refer mainly to the characterization dictionary, reflecting the stigmatization of groups based on individual socially significant properties (status-role, local, sociocultural) of subjects. The relevant parameters of group stigmatization expressed in the internal form of socionyms: “center” - “periphery” / “friends - newcomers”; “material well-being and its possible opportunities”, “values, goals and lifestyle” are determined. Significant dichotomies of semantic features in the meaning of the described socionyms are singled out, lexicalization of abbreviations, borrowing and shortening of words are determined as relevant types of word formation. The conjugation of most of the studied socionyms with contexts with negative tonality has been established. The signs associated with the denotation and reflected in the contexts of the functioning of socionyms are characterized.

SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY FORMATION IN THE MEDIA OF WESTERN RUSSIAN REGIONS

SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY FORMATION IN THE MEDIA OF WESTERN RUSSIAN REGIONS

Spelling of verbs with suffixes -ova-(-eva-)/-iva-(-yva-) in terms of grammatical aspect

The article aims to reveal the relationship between the orthogram in the verbal suffixes -ova-(-eva-)/-iva- (-yva-) and aspectual varieties and inter-aspectual correlation of Russian verbs. Another objective is to provide additional recommendations for choosing the correct suffix spelling. The relevance of the topic is due to the challenge of fostering a culture of conscious literacy which the modern school faces. To examine the factual material, the research employed observation, morphemic and word-formation analysis, as well as comparative-contrastive analysis. The existing recommendations for selecting the correct spelling of the suffixes -ova-(-eva-)/-iva-(-yva-) are based on the formal relationship between verb stems. However, taking account of the fact that the suffixes under consideration can result in perfectivation and imperfectivation of verbs might help to resolve this spelling issue. The study does not include verbs with the stressed suffix -ova-(-eva), verbs with the morphs -irova-, -izirova- and the suffix -stvova- in the controversial cases as the variants *-iryva-, *-iziryva-, *-stvyva- are unacceptable. Perfective verbs, including bi-aspectual verbs, are also excluded since their structure cannot contain the suffix -iva-(-yva-). The article notes the following regularity: imperfective verbs with the suffix -ova-(-eva-) acquire the perfective aspectual meaning while performing the function of a derivational base. Verbs with the suffix -iva-(-yva-) acquire the imperfective aspectual meaning performing the function of a derived unit. The specific morphemic structure of derivational bases determined the absence of prefixes in imperfective verbs with the suffix -ova-(-eva-) and the regular presence of prefixes, including etymological ones, in verbs with the suffix -iva-(-yva-). Based on these patterns, the paper formulates additional recommendations for choosing the correct vowel in the suffixes -ova-(-eva-)/-iva-(-yva-). These guidelines could be useful in the practice of teaching the Russian language at school.

Analysis of Word Formation Process in Register Used by English and Indonesian Football Commentary

This study examines the use of register and word-formation in football commentary, focusing on Indonesian and English commentators. With European countries being the center of the football industry, studying the commentary from these languages can provide insights for other countries, including Indonesia. The aim of this research is to identify the application of register and classify word-formation patterns in Indonesian and English football commentary. Linguistic theories from experts such as George Yule, Katamba, O’Grady and Guzman, and Stockwell and Minkova are utilized. A descriptive qualitative research method is employed, analyzing video documentation of matches using Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (SLBC) to collect data. The findings reveal 78 word formations in both Indonesian and English commentary, with compounding and coinage being the most frequent processes. The word-formation analysis found compounding, coinage, borrowing, derivation, reduplication, and abbreviation. Differences and similarities are observed in terms of word usage, word-formation patterns, and the background factors influencing them.

ANOMALIES IN AN ADVERTISING TEXT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE)

This article is devoted to anomalies, i.e. non-standard ways of using vocabulary in advertising texts, by means of which the communication is carried out. The interest in the study of the mechanisms of speech impact made this study relevant. The novelty of this study lies in insufficient research on anomalies in the language of advertising. The hypothesis of this study was the assumption that speech anomalies could be used in advertising texts, since they had been previously studied in fiction and article writing.
 The aim of the article is to demonstrate examples of non-standard, occasional use of the English language means in the texts of commercial advertising. In order to achieve it the following tasks were set: to describe the principles according to which a word, phrase or other formation can be considered anomalous; to find examples and systematize the types of anomalies used by copywriters in English-language advertising texts.
 Materials and methods. The material for the study involved the texts selected by random sampling from printed periodicals and online stores. To prove the logical or illogical use of words, we applied the analysis of semantic meaning, i.e. decomposition of meaning into components, as well as morphological analysis of word forms. These methods involve the use of English-English thesauri. At the sentence level, syntactic analysis was used.
 Results. The analysis showed that the examples of anomalous use of the vocabulary can be reduced to three groups: lexical-semantic, morphological and syntactic. As a result, we managed to show that the most numerous group is the first one, which includes examples of illogical combinations on the principle of animate-inanimate, incorrect designation of quality, concrete-abstract, violations of stylistic combination of words, as well as deformation of phraseological units. The second group is represented by morphological violations of word-formation patterns, simple conjunction of bases, changes in spelling. The third group – syntactic anomalies – is represented by examples of violations in cohesion and split infinitive.
 Practical implications. The results can be used by copywriters, marketers, who compose advertising texts not only in English, but also in Russian.

OIKONYM WITH FORMANT -YN-TCI – AN IMPORTANT SOURCE FOR THE RECOVERY OF FAVORABLE ANTHROPONYMS (IN NAMES OF THE KHMELNYCHCHYNA’S SETTLEMENTS)

Introduction. The article analyzes six oikonyms of the modern Khmelnychchynawith the formant -yn-tsi (Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Molomolyntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi). The motivation of their creative foundations (group names of residents) and derived from anthroponyms (not preserved in Ukrainian names) were interesting for analysis. An etymological interpretation of the corresponding personal names is offered: *Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ *Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ *Potra(ya), *Servata.
 Purpose. This paper intends to describe the primary (historical) forms of oikonyms Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Molomolyntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi. The study is an attempt to carry out their word-formation analysis and present the etymological analysis of the anthroponyms created for the corresponding oikonymos, and find out the motivation of their appellative semantics.
 Object of study. The author described the Khmelnychchyna’s oikonyms with the formant -yn-tsi:Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Molomolyntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi. The subject of the analysis is the word-forming characteristics these oikonyms, etymological (derivative and semantic) analysis of the creative anthroponyms *Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ *Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ *Potra(ya), *Servata.
 Research methods. In the analysis of oikonyms, the author used a descriptive method, with which he characterizes the word-forming structure of names Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Molomolyntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi. The article also uses the technique of etymological analysis – etymons of creative anthroponyms are established*Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ *Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ *Potra(ya), *Servata.
 Research results. The article defines possessives with the suffix -уn, basic for group names of residents, creative for oikonyms Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Molomolyntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi. He restored the anthroponyms created for them *Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ *Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ *Potra(ya), *Servata. The etymological forms for the specified personal names were established. The motivation behind the semantics of their foundations was clarified.
 Conclusions. The author explained the original (phonetic) forms Velborodyntsi, Volodryntsi, Mozhotуntsi, Servatуntsi based on the analysis of the historical forms of the oikonyms Verborodyntsi, Voludryntsi, Mushkutyntsi, Putryntsi, Syrvatyntsi. The name Putryntsi did not undergo structural changes during its functioning. The creative anthroponyms *Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ *Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ *Potra(ya), *Servata were mostly formed on local Ukrainian soil as nicknames (*Velboroda, *Volodra, *Molomola ‹ * Malomola, *Mozgota, *Putra(ya) ‹ Potra(ya)) and only the name *Servata was formed as a folk variant before the Christian Servatius. The study established the anthroponym’s etymons on the basis of etymological analysis. It is shown that these anthroponyms have a predominantly Slavic basis, with the exception of the genetically Latin name Servatius.

STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SURNAMES OF ODESA REGION MOTIVATED BY PROFESSION NAMES

Introduction. The article analyzes the surnames of Odesa formed from profession names. A thematic classification was made and 18 groups were selected. The word-forming features of the surnames in the Odesa region were considered. The relevance of the study is determined by: the almost complete absence in modern onomastics of regional studies of onyms formed from the names of professions; the importance of identifying the specificity of the functioning of onyms formed from profession names in Odesa and the influence of social processes on this specificity; the social and practical significance of the problems of nomination and the growing interest of the population in the issues of onomastics.
 The purpose of the study is to identify the structure, formation and distribution of onyms motivated by profession names and to determine the sociocultural components of anthroponyms related to professional activity. The subject of the research is the structural, semantic and functional features of onyms motivated by the names of professions. The object of the research is surnames formed from the names of professions.
 Materials and methods. As the main method for collecting and systematizing the material, the descriptive method was used. When comparing the regional characteristics of surnames formed from profession names, the comparative and comparative-historical methods were used extensively. The material of the research were the surnames found in printed and electronic telephone directories, as well as minutes books of the departments of the RAC. A total of 1,850 names were analyzed.
 Results. In conclusion, the analysis of the surnames in Odesa formed from profession names proves the high level of relevance of appellative vocabulary in the processes of their creation, establishes the reasons for the dominance of certain thematic groups of surnames.
 Сonclusions. The most numerous is the group of surnames formed from the names of craftsmen, and significantly fewer surnames were formed from the names of administrative positions and titles, from the names of church ministers, military affairs, trade, food industry, education and art. As a result of word-formation analysis, the largest number of surnames with the suffix -enk-, and the smallest - with the suffix -ets were indicated.

Action of the law of analogy in occasional word formation (based on the lyrics by E.A. Evtushenko and A.A. Voznesensky)

The article views analogy as one of the basic laws of language development. The action of the law of analogy is studied on the material of the occasional word creation of the poets of the 60-ies of the XX century E.A. Evtushenko and A.A. Voznesensky. The relevance of the study of occasionalisms is stipulated by insufficient knowledge of the interaction of regular and occasional word formation and the role of analogy in creating a poetic image. The main research method is the word-formation analysis of occasional units, which made it possible to analyze the derivational mechanism based on assimilation to ordinary regular models. Contextual analysis is applied, revealing the semantic side of the new lexeme. Component analysis was used to detect syntagmatic connections of occasional units. The author of the article notes the importance of the law of analogy not only in the choice of formants, but also in the procedure of the derivational process. The action of the law in the formation of occasional steps of word-formation nests is substantiated. The conditional entry of new units into the usual system and their ability to fill word-formation gaps are analyzed. In the course of the research, a lexical and word formation phenomenon of a different order was discovered a word formation paradigm, reflecting the processes of one word formation stage. The productivity of some root morphemes is traced in connection with their frequency in usage and participation in the formation of value concepts. The results of the analysis of language units confirm the importance of the law of analogy in the creation of occasionalisms and the expression of the authors assessment in general. In general, the results of the analysis of linguistic units confirm the high degree of significance of the law of analogy in the creation of occasionalisms and their use in poetic texts. The role of analogy as text formation means and a tool for constructing poetic imagery is emphasized. The conclusion is made about the systematic nature of the formation of lexical-derivational and semantic connections in the array of occasional vocabulary of E.A. Evtushenko and A.A. Voznesensky.

Renaming of Settlements of the East Kazakhstan Region in 1900-1917 as a Violation of the Stability of the Toponymic System

The object of the study is the toponymic space of the East Kazakhstan region in 1900-1917. The purpose of the article, based on the data of the State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, is to identify the problems that provoked the change of the toponymic system of East Kazakhstan in 1900-1917. As the main method, we used descriptive-analytical, involving systematization, description and sequential analysis of toponymic material. Methods of etymological, morphemic and word-formation analysis were used. The analysis of documents of the Semipalatinsk regional administration related to the change of names of settlements of the East Kazakhstan region and the renaming of Russian-language names of some settlements is presented. According to archival documents of 1910, it is clear that the attempt of the local (Kazakh) population to preserve the former names by translating into Russian was not carried out (Orders No. 10030 of August 19, 1910 and No. 4397 of March 15, 1910), while the names of counties where new settlers arrived and Russian-language names associated with the natural specifics of the location of the settlement and the economy of the population. As a result of the study, we see that the names of toponyms of the indigenous population of the region in the period under review have undergone changes created artificially.

Параметрический анализ работы В.О. Ключевского «Терминология русской истории»

Introduction. Terminological work, both in the world and in Russian science, was carried out, first of all, on the material of exact and technical disciplines. Arrangement of terminology of humanitarian knowledge has been in the focus of attention of researchers only in recent years. Thus, the aim of the work is to study the terminological system of historical knowledge by means of parametric analysis of the little-known course by V.O. Klyuchevsky “Terminology of Russian History”, which was first published in 1956 and practically was not studied by either historians or linguists, and this substantiates the novelty of the present work. Materials and Methods. The material of this course, studied with the help of historical-comparative, historical-typological, as well as general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, using parametric analysis and positional statistics, showed that the terminology proposed by V.O. Kluchevsky has a systemic nature and its structure is hierarchical. Nine parameters – archaeological, geographical, terminological, illustrative, source study, classification, chronological, economic, etymological – were singled out in the work. A conditional notion of the place of each parameter in the so-called “dictionary article”, which is determined by the boundary of the two parameters, was introduced. The notion of a “dictionary article” as applied to the course materials is conditional, since the course is not a dictionary proper. Analysis. Using statistical methods, the frequency of occurrence of each parameter in a certain place in each of the three parts of the course is identified. Statistical tables are formed, which make it possible to see the similarity and difference between the three parts of the course and to point out their features. This article traces not only the scientist’s fluency in ancient and modern languages, including rare ones, but also the ability to use linguistic techniques, such as historical-etymological and word-formation analysis, on the material of the “Terminology of Russian History.” Results. The semantic invariant in the construction of the parts of the course has been revealed. This is an additional evidence of the systematic nature of the historical terminology, which was suggested by V.O. Klyuchevsky. The hierarchical nature of the system of terms, created in the course by V.O. Klyuchevsky, has been determined. Contribution of the authors. Mustafa Ozturk developed the concept of the article, wrote the “Introduction” and “Results” sections. Y.G. Kokorina conducted parametric and statistical analysis, wrote the “Analysis” section, participated together with M.M. Vagabov in writing the “Materials and Methods” section, carried out the scientific editing of the entire text of the work. M.M. Vagabov wrote the “Discussion” section and, together with Y.G. Kokorina, the “Materials and Methods” section.