Analysis Of Variance Technique Research Articles

The Effect of Career Anxiety on High School Students' Career Decision Making

This study aimed to examine the effect of career anxiety on high school students' career decision-making. The study group of the research consists of a total of 449 students, 146 boys (32.5%) and 303 girls (67%), who continue their education in different high schools in Konya center and districts. Research data was obtained using the "Personal Information Form" prepared by the researchers, the "Career Anxiety Scale" developed by Çetin-Gündüz and Nalbantoğlu-Yılmaz (2016) and the "Vocational Decision Making Inventory" developed by Çakır (2004). A relational screening model based on a descriptive method was used in the research. In the analysis of the data, parametric statistical techniques such as t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey test, correlation and regression analysis techniques were used according to the normality test. According to the research findings, there is a significant relationship between both career anxiety regarding family influence and career anxiety regarding career choice and all sub-dimensions of career decision-making. In addition, there is a low level positive relationship between students' career concerns related to family influence and the sub-dimensions of internal conflicts, not knowing oneself well enough, lack of profession and field knowledge, and irrational beliefs about career choice, and a moderate positive relationship between the students' career concerns and the external conflicts sub-dimension. It was found that there was a relationship.

Optimization of design and fuel parameters of a DI CI engine through desirability function and RSM for lower emissions and clean environment

In the present investigation an attempt was made to control the NOx and smoke emission of a DI CI engine by simultaneously varying design and fuel factors of the engine. Four design factors and four fuel factors with three levels were chosen and test matrix were designed as per L18 orthogonal array. Experiments were conducted with different combinations of chosen design and fuel factors as per the designed test matrix and the responses (NOx, smoke and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC)) were recorded for 18trials. Significance and interaction of the tested factors were obtained through analysis of variance technique. Desirability function through RSM approach was employed to investigate the optimum combination of tested factor levels for lower NOx, smoke and BSFC. At optimum level of factors both NOx and smoke emissions of the engine was reduced without any increase in its BSFC. This investigation reveals that combination of fuel and design factors have the ability to reduce the NOx and smoke simultaneously without any compromise on engine performance.

Experimental Investigation of the Surface Roughness for Aluminum Alloy AA6061 in Milling Operation by Taguchi Method with the ANOVA Technique

The surface roughness of the machined parts is the most important parameter to predict the performance of mechanical components. Moreover, predicting the optimal machining parameters conditions is the preferable method for cost reduction and achieving the desired surface quality of the product. This study investigates three cutting parameters, such as depth of cut, spindle speed, and feed for the milling aluminium alloy AA6061, to predict the surface roughness quality. The experimental work utilized a manual milling machine with a coated carbide cutter. Furthermore, the experiments were arranged using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array (OA) method. The average surface roughness (Ra) was measured and converted to signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and then analyzed in the statistical method of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, the optimal combination set speed, feed, and depth of cut was 2400 rpm, 30 mm/min, and 0.5 mm, respectively. Also, according to the ANOVA test, the most influential parameter was the spindle speed among the selected parameters, with the highest P value of (66.42%). In comparison, the lowest P value is a depth of cut (5.34%). Furthermore, spindle speed was the only significant factor statistically. By selecting a high spindle speed (2400 rpm), surface quality was enhanced, but the preferable level was low for depth of cut and feed.

A study on microstructural, mechanical properties and optimization of wear behavior of friction stir processed AlCrCoFeNi High Entropy Alloy reinforced SS410 using response surface methodology

The equimolar High Entropy Alloy (HEA) is incorporated on the surface of SS410 steel to enhance the mechanical properties for the current industrial scenario. The objective of the present work is to make a first attempt at surface modification of SS410 steel with gas atomization synthesized AlCrCoFeNi HEA powder through Friction Stir Processing (FSP). The microhardness and ultimate tensile strength of the FSP-HEA sample are increased by 41.3 % and 39.1 % respectively due to the high degree of refined grains with 2.84 μm and evenly distributed HEA particles. The wear rate of FSP-HEA samples is optimized by response surface methodology with process parameters including applied load, sliding distance, and sliding velocity. The most influential factor and regression model are derived from experimental results that predict the wear rate by the analysis of variance technique. The worn surface of FSP-HEA samples is evaluated by morphological analysis with corresponding induced wear mechanisms. The minimum wear rate is achieved by optimum process parameters along with higher hardness through particle-stimulated nucleation mechanism, Hall-Petch relation, and dynamic recrystallization. The grain refinement, barrier effect, and grain growth hindrance of HEA particles lead to enhancement in the strength of processed HEA samples.

Examination of the relationship between mathematical and critical thinking skills and academic achievement

In today’s world, it is important for individuals to have critical thinking and mathematical thinking skills, which are high-level thinking skills. In advanced education systems, it is among the important priorities that students not only learn knowledge but also acquire high-level thinking skills. This study aims to examine the relationship between mathematical and critical thinking skills and academic achievements of secondary school students. In the study, relational screening model, one of the quantitative research models, was used. The research was carried out in a province located in the southern region of Turkey in the 2022-2023 academic year with students studying in secondary school (n=346) who were determined by maximum variation method selected from the types of purposeful sampling. Mathematical thinking scale and critical thinking scale was used as a data collection tool. In the process of analyzing the data, one-way analysis of variance and regression analysis techniques were used. According to the research findings, it was observed that there was a relationship between the critical thinking and mathematical thinking skills of the students, both the critical and mathematical thinking skills of the students did not differ significantly according to gender, and the mathematical thinking skills differed significantly according to the grade level. In addition, it was concluded that both mathematical and critical thinking skills of the students increased according to their grade levels. In addition, students’ critical skills and academic achievement together explained 25.0% of the total variance of mathematical thinking skills. In other words, as students’ critical thinking skills and academic achievement increase, their mathematical thinking skills also increase.

Working in the “Neo-Liberal Hegemony”: An Investigation on Entrepreneurial Mindset of Internal Labor Market Based on Individual Differences

Neo-liberal economy, distinguished by its emphasis on innovation and competition driven by buyer’s authority, necessitates workforce to cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset (EM) for self-improvement. The aim of this study is to investigate the EM among employees in the neo-liberal economy. The objective is to discern the attributes associated with EM within the internal labor market, while also investigating the influence of individual variances upon these attributes. We obtained our samples by administering a set of questionnaires to a cohort of 261 individuals employed in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located within the geographic scope of China. Our investigation has probed into the facets of the EM, encompassing innovativeness, need for achievement, risk-taking, autonomy, and proactiveness. These components were subjected to rigorous scrutiny through the utilization of t-tests and analysis of variance techniques, with the objective of detecting noteworthy disparities among gender, age, educational attainment, and salary scale in relation to these five dimensions of EM. Furthermore, we have bolstered our research findings with supplementary evidence derived from additional correlation analyses. Our study’s findings reveal that age and educational levels do not manifest substantial variations in EM. However, we do observe significant distinctions in EM across varying income levels and genders. Additionally, this paper addresses the implications of our findings, delineates the limitations encountered in our study, and elucidates potential directions for future research. This paper’s originality stems from its unique analysis of the interaction between neo-liberal economic policies and individual entrepreneurship in China, as seen through the perspective of its generation raised post-market transformation.

Maximum Aligned Directional Derivative (MADD) Technique for Planar Structure Analysis in Space

Interplanetary discontinuities are the most common intermittent structures in the solar winds, whose jump conditions conform to the Rankine–Hugoniot relations. The identification and analysis of such planar structures rely on an accurate determination of the normal vectors. In this study, we perform a benchmark test of a technique designed to estimate the dimensionality and orientation of the magnetic fields based on four spacecraft measurements. Such a technique operates on the fact that in a strictly planar magnetic field, three columns of ∇ B are all aligned and the characteristic direction corresponding to the maximum aligned directional derivative (MADD; i.e., the maximum of ∣∇B·r^∣ ) can be considered the normal vector of the structure. A benchmark test of this technique, using both the simulation data and numerical models of planar structures, shows that the MADD technique can identify planar magnetic field structures efficiently. For a discontinuity with translational and rotational motion, MADD is able to estimate its normal vector with second-order precision and the speed of motion with first-order precision. Two demonstrations of the MADD application to the tangential discontinuity and shock structures are presented to show its efficiency and superiority. In principle, MADD is suitable for all types of planar structures in space. Compared with the minimum variance analysis and timing techniques, MADD is superior in the study of intermediate shocks that exhibit magnetic coplanarity and rapid spatial evolution.

Ability to Write Scientific Work for Class XI Students of SMA Negeri 4 Sidenreng Rappang Based on Direct Observation

This research aims to determine the ability of class XI students at SMA Negeri 4 Sidenreng Rappang in writing scientific papers based on direct observation. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data source was obtained from class XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Sidenreng Rappang. totaling 40 students taken as a sample of 20% of 208 students. Data was obtained by means of participant observation, documentation, and written tests and then processed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The data collected in this research will be analyzed using percentage variance analysis techniques and processed by creating a list of raw scores, while for standardization purposes, measuring each student's abilities is carried out by transforming the raw scores into scores on a scale of 10 - 100. Next, determine the percentage of student mastery of the material being tested with criteria of 85% and above with the lowest score being 65 on a scale of 10 -100. The results of this research show that the frequency and percentage of class %) who scored less than 65.student at SMA Negeri 4 Sidenreng Rappang able to write scientific papers, because they have achieved the specified target, namely 85% for a score of 65 and above on the 10-100 assessment scale.

Predicting physico-mechanical and thermal properties of loofa cylindrica fibers and Al2O3/Al-SiC reinforced polymer hybrid composites using artificial neural network techniques

The physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of loofa fiber-alumina (Al2O3) and loofa fiber-aluminum silicon carbide (Al-SiC) reinforced with epoxy, vinyl-ester, and polyester hybrid composites were experimentally studied. The polymer hybrid laminates were fabricated using an ultrasonication probe-assisted wet-layup technique. The outcomes show that flexural, impact, and tensile characteristics were higher for loofa fiber-Al-SiC reinforcement than other samples due to minimal voids and uniform dispersion of fillers within the matrices as observed from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Minimum water absorption and thickness swelling characteristics were examined for the composite specimen reinforced with loofa fiber-Al-SiC fillers. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed, and the laminate was observed to be thermally stable up to 436 °C. Also, forecasting models were simulated using an artificial neural network (ANN) to perceive schemes in data by varying certain factors. The outcomes collected signified that loofa fiber-Al-SiC-based laminate could substitute traditionally applied materials and provide real-world directions. A one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) technique was performed to check the significance between the physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of developed polymer hybrid composites and found significant under a 95 % confidence level. Based on the results, the loofa fiber-Al-SiC reinforced polymer hybrid laminate exhibited improved tensile, impact, and flexural characteristics along with remarkable thermal stability, recommends multi-faceted applications in industries demanding lightweight yet strong materials like automotive and aerospace field, where structural integrity and decrement in weight are dominant.

Analysis of the Application of the Mini Story Theater Learning Model (TMK), Story Poster Making (PPK), and Lectures (CPM) in Islamic Religious Education Learning

This study aims to analyze the application of the Mini Story Theater (TMK) learning model, Making Story Posters (PPK), and Lectures (CPM) in learning Islamic Religious Education. This study uses a quantitative approach with quasi-experimental methods. The research population consisted of all 92 students in class VII junior high school, with a sample of three classes randomly selected using the cluster random sampling technique, class VII A as the experimental group 1 with the treatment of the Theater Mini Story or TMK learning model; class VII B as the experimental group 2 was treated with the learning model Making Story Posters or PPK; and class VII C as the control group was given the learning model of Lecture Delivery of Materials or CPM. The research instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. The research data were analyzed using the analysis of variance technique (ANOVA) one-line testing of more than two samples using SPSS 26. The results revealed that there were no differences in students' understanding of the Acts of the Prophets and Apostles (KNR) in PAI subjects between students using the learning model Story Mini Theater (TMK), Story Poster Making (PPK), and Lectures (CPM).

The Population and Level of Attack By Pod-Destroying Pests on Several Soybean Varieties as Information for The General Public and Especially Biology Education Students

Soybean productivity in Jambi province is lower than national soybean productivity. One of the problems in increasing soybean production is pest attacks. This research aims to determine the population and level of attack by pod-destroying pests on several soybean varieties (Glycine max (L) Merrill). The research design used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) which consisted of 5 treatments with 5 groups. Each treatment was repeated 5 (five) times, so that the total experiment consisted of 25 experimental units. The data analysis technique used is the analysis of variance technique and is followed by Duncan's multiple distance test (DNMRT) at the α = 5% level. The research results show that there are 3 types of pod destroying pests on soybean plants, namely E. zinkenella, R. linearis and N. viridula. Pod sucking attacks were seen in the five soybean varieties, attacks began to appear at 73 days after planting and 80 days after planting. The attack rate was observed at 73 HST with an attack rate of 9.69 - 5.04%. At 80 DAT observations, it was seen that the attack rate was increasing, the highest attack rate occurred on the Anjasmoro variety at 26.22% and the lowest attack rate was on the Jayawijaya variety at 7.43%
 

ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE KİNDARLIK DUYGUDURUMU İLE YAŞAM DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between grudge mood in university students and their satisfaction with life. The study group consisted of a total of 520 university students, 320 of whom were female and 200 of whom were male. The study was carried out in two steps. In the first step, a development study was carried out to measure the grudge mood in individuals using the ‘Grudge Mood Scale." For this purpose, a item pool was created with the views of relevant literature and field workers. The created items were appilied to 335 university students and analyzed with Exploratory Factor Analysis. According to the Exploratory Factor Analysis, the scale consists of four sub-dimensions. This four-dimensional structure it was applied to 350 students and analyzed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results of confirmatory factor analysis have shown that the fit indices of the scale indicate a good fit with a four-factor structure. To test the validity and reliability of the developed scale, internal consistency coefficient, split-half reliability, content validity, test-retest reliability, and scale-related validity analyses were conducted. As a result of the analyses, it was concluded that the developed 'Grudge Mood Scale' is a valid and reliable scale.
 In the second step of the research, the relationship between grudge mood and life satisfaction was examined. Grudge Mood Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale and Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools. After the normality examination of the data, the Pearson Moment Product Correlation and Multivariate Variance Analysis techniques were used. According to the results of the analysis, there is a negative and significant relationship between university students' grudge mood and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the relationship between grudge mood and life satisfaction varies significantly according to the students' genders. The findings obtained from this study were interpreted in the context of the literature and recommendations were made.

Optimization and prediction of CBN tool life sustainability during AA1100 CNC turning by response surface methodology

The aluminium alloy (AA1100) was familiar with automotive flexible shaft coupling applications due to its high strength, good machinability, and superior thermal and resistance to corrosion characteristics. Machining tool life drives the prominent role for deciding the product quality (machining) act aims to productivity target with zero interruptions. The novelty of this present investigation is the focus on increasing tool life during the complexity of CNC turning operation for AA1100 alloy by using CBN coated insert tool with varied input parameters of spindle speed (SS), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (DOC). Design of experiment (L16), analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical system adopted with response surface methodology (RSM) is implemented for experimental analysis. The turning input parameters of SS, f and DOC are considered as factors and its SS (900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 rpm), f (0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25), and DOC (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm) values are treated as levels. The investigational analysis was made with the ANOVA technique and the desirability of high tool life with input turning parameters was optimized by RSM, and sample no 11/16 was predicted as high tool life and performed with extended working hours compared to other samples. The RSM optimized best turning parameter combinations are 0.1 mm DOC, 0.2mm/rev to 0.25mm/rev f, and 1300 rpm–1500 rpm SS, facilitating a higher tool life of more than 20min.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Awareness and Prevalence of Unidentified Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Health System Employees.

To evaluate awareness about cardiovascular (CVD) risk among a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of health system employees. Cross-sectional study. Voluntary survey of health system employees during an annual CVD awareness and screening event. 759 health system employees. We performed initial CVD screening measurements (blood pressure, body mass index) and collected patient-reported answers to questions about their own CVD risk factors (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, overweight, smoking, physical inactivity and family history of CVD) and whether or not they believed that CVD is preventable. Subjects were offered in-depth follow-up CVD screening (lipid panel, hs-CRP, hemoglobin A1c), if interested. Continuous measures were compared across sex and racial/ethnic subsets using a t test and analysis of variance technique. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the employee's willingness to undergo further comprehensive screening. African American, Hispanic, and Asian employees were younger than white employees (P < .0001). More than one-quarter of African Americans reported a history of hypertension, a higher rate than for other subgroups (P = .001). The rate of self-reported diabetes was highest in African American and Asian employees (P = .001). African Americans had a 54% reduced odds of electing to pursue follow-up CVD screening (odds ratio: .46, 95% confidence interval = .24-.91, P = .025). Presence of CVD risk factors and knowledge of their importance differ among racial and ethnic groups of health system employees in our cohort as does interest in pursuing follow-up screening once risk factors are identified. Development of evidence-based customization strategies by racial and ethnic group may improve understanding of and interest in CVD risk factors and advance prevention. The data from this study will inform future research and strategies for employee health promotion.

Differential health outcomes of the COVID‐19 pandemic among minority populations: An analysis based on Chicago's neighborhoods

AbstractBackgroundThe study examines the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on different ethnic and racial groups. It aims to investigate the existence or nonexistence of significant variations in COVID‐19 health outcomes among two ethnic and racial minorities that resided in Chicago neighborhoods during the onslaught of the pandemic. Researchers have traditionally studied health disparities by comparing the health of minorities representing “underserved” populations and those with adequate healthcare. This study focuses on the heterogeneity of health outcomes between different minority populations, mainly Black and Hispanic, traditionally considered underserved populations.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study uses secondary data from a public reporting site. The unit of analysis is neighborhood units based on US postal zip codes that are cross‐referenced with the US Census Bureau's zip code tabulation area codes. We used Chicago neighborhood data and applied geographic analyses to describe the patterns of similarities and differences in the outcomes of the COVID‐19 pandemic among neighborhoods with different ethnic and racial minorities residing in them. Using the one‐way analysis of variance technique, we also tested research hypotheses about the COVID‐19 outcome differences and/or similarities among the neighborhoods.ResultsOur findings show that although Hispanic neighborhoods disproportionately carried a higher burden of infection by the disease, the mortality due to the illness or the case fatality rate was not much higher than in the other neighborhoods. In contrast, African American neighborhoods did experience significantly higher case fatality rates—although their infection rate was not statistically significantly higher than the average infection rates of the other Chicago neighborhoods.ConclusionsMinority status creates distinct adverse effects on different minority groups. The patterns of distinct outcomes need to be well understood through further studied and considered by policymakers when health policies are designed to address the impact of health disparities.

Review of the Relationship Between High School Students’ Career Adaptability Levels and Their Attachment Styles

This research is a descriptive study in the relational screening model that aims to examine the relationship between the career adaptability levels and attachment styles of high school students. The study group consists of a total of 582 students, 362 girls and 220 boys, who are attending the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades in 4 high schools in the central districts of Adana. The age range of the participants is between 14 and 19 years old. In the study, data on the career adaptability of adolescent students were obtained by using the &amp;lsquo;Career Adaptability Skills Scale,&amp;rsquo; the data on attachment styles were obtained by using the &amp;lsquo;Relationship Scales Questionnaire,&amp;rsquo; and the data on personal information were obtained by using the &amp;lsquo;Personal Information Form&amp;rsquo; prepared by the researcher. In the analysis of the data of the study, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, analysis of variance and standard multiple regression analysis techniques were used. According to the results of the research, while there was a significant relationship between career adaptability abilities and secure, fearful and obsessive attachment, it was seen that there was no relationship with indifferent attachment. When the results of multiple regression analysis are examined, it is seen that attachment scale sub-dimensions are a significant predictor of career adapt-abilities. The only predictor of high school students&amp;rsquo; career adapt-abilities is secure attachment. Other variables were found to be meaningless.

Nurturing Cultural Heritages and Place Attachment through Street Art—A Longitudinal Psycho-Social Analysis of a Neighborhood Renewal Process

The Faro Convention emphasizes the link between cultural heritage and place-related identity, highlighting their role in fostering environmental and community belonging. Urban renewal projects centered around contemporary and street art have gained popularity worldwide but often exhibit unclear impacts on local populations. Few studies have explored this topic using a psychological and longitudinal approach. Addressing this research gap, our study analyzed changes in place attachment and neighborhood image five years after implementing a street-art-based renewal project in a Milan suburb. Moreover, the project’s impact on the neighborhood’s historical “personality” as perceived by residents and citizens (n = 296) was examined. A survey was designed and administered to compare trends in these variables between 2017 (project start) and 2022, applying content analysis and analysis of variance techniques. Results showed that street art inspired by local history and culture had a positive effect on residents’ place attachment and local image, without disrupting community traditions. However, no significant impacts were found among non-residents. These findings highlight the significance of urban renewal policies that prioritize a district’s social and cultural history. Such policies not only safeguard the citizens’ well-being and foster place attachment, but could also revitalize the local imagery, promoting innovation and creativity.

SULFUR APPLICATION IMPROVES THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) HYBRIDS

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a globally prominent oil seed. Sulfur is a vital nutrient that plays a crucial role in the growth and development of crop plants. Compared with other crops, oilseed crops require more sulfur for their role in oil biosynthesis and as an essential constituent of amino acids, vitamins, proteins, and enzyme structure. Its deficiency results in poor utilization of NPK and, ultimately, crop reduction in yield and quality. Hence, the study investigated the effect of different levels of sulfur on the harvest and quality attributes of various sunflower hybrids. The experiment comprised four sulfur levels (0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg per ha) and four sunflower hybrids coded as C124 × RH344, C112 × RSIN82, C116 × RH344, and C208 × RH445. The recorded data underwent analysis statistically using Fisher’s analysis of variance technique, and treatment means comparison followed Tukey’s honest significant difference test (HSD) at a 5% probability level. The results showed maximum plant height at maturity (75.80 cm), head diameter (17.90 cm), leaf area per plant (2,309.21 mm2), 100-achene weight (10.60 g), achene yield (2,806.61 kg ha-1), harvest index (26.58%), and oil content (48.46%), while minimum days to flower initiation (40.33 days) were evident when sowing hybrid C124 × RH344 with an application of 20 kg per ha sulfur.

Advancements in multivariate analysis of variance

The Journal of Chemometrics is pleased to announce a special issue focused on multivariate analysis of data from designed experiments. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is the standard method for analyzing data from experimental designs. The classical ANOVA methods are however univariate and do not handle multiple collinear response variables. Designed experiments with multivariate outputs are prevalent across various scientific disciplines, necessitating methods that appropriately consider both the experimental design and the multivariate nature of the data. Several multivariate ANOVA techniques have been presented already. The most prevalent approaches involve combining ANOVA with PCA (principal component analysis) or other exploratory component-based techniques in different ways. Some commonly used methods in this context include ASCA, ANOVA-PCA, AComDim, and fifty-fifty MANOVA. These methods integrate ANOVA and PCA in different ways to extract meaningful information from multivariate data. Additionally, there are alternative methods that replace PCA with partial least squares (PLS) regression, which allows for the utilization of PLS-specific validation and variable importance routines. One major advantage of all these methods is that they not only offer interpretation and variable importance metrics from latent variable-based methods but also provide estimates of multivariate effect sizes accompanied by corresponding significance testing. Despite the progress made in recent years, the field of multivariate analysis of data from designed experiments is still young. Several open questions remain unanswered, and there is a need to make the methodology available to a broader audience. The aim of this special issue was therefore to stimulate and explore advances in methods, applications, and software for multivariate ANOVA. The collection of papers includes methodical improvements, practical applications, a tutorial, and a software demonstration. Application areas range from spectroscopic control of fermentation processes to metabolomics and gene expressions. Overall, this issue showcases the power and applicability of multivariate ANOVA methods in a wide range of domains.

Examination of 5-6 Years Old Children’s Social Problem Solving Skills with According to Social Status

The purpose of the study is to examine social problem solving skills of 5-6 years old children with according to social status. The study sample consists of 132 children aged 5-6 with normal development and who attend preschool education in a school in İstanbul under the Ministry of National Education (MEB). In this study, conducted through the relational screening method, data were collected with the personal information form, Preference Based Sociometry Technique and the WALLY Social Problem Solving Scale. The Personal Information Form was filled in by the teachers separately for each child. The Preference Based Sociometry Technique and WALLY Social Problem Solving Scale were carried out on the children individually by one of the researchers. Because study data had a normal distribution, the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, one of the parametric techniques, Simple Linear Regression technique, One-Way Variance Analysis (ANOVA) and Bonferroni techniques were used. According to the study results, there is a positive relationship between social problem solving levels, being like by peers and social preference levels. It is evident that social problem solving significantly predicts being liked by peers, being disliked by peers and social preference levels. There is no significant relationship between social problem solving and social impact; social problem solving does not predict social impact. In addition, it is evident that social status (popularity, rejection, being excluded, being controversial) of young children significantly differs according to social problem solving levels.