Analysis Of Quantitative Variables Research Articles

Influence of Basic Life Support on Donor Organs in Uncontrolled Donors After Cardiac Death

The aim of this study was to determine whether the application of basic life support (BLS) in patients who have experienced cardiac arrest and are subsequently referred to as uncontrolled asystole donors has any influence on the achievement of organs for subsequent transplantation. Demographic data, BLS, cause of death, emergency response times, and organ donations were collected. The analysis of quantitative variables following normal distribution is shown as mean (SD), and Student t distribution was used for comparison purposes. The analysis of variables that did not follow the normal distribution is shown as median (IQR), and Wilcoxon test was applied for comparison purposes. A total of 91 cases of possible uncontrolled donor transfers were analyzed. Basic life support was provided to 61 patients (67.7%), whereas no BLS was provided to 27 patients (23.3%). Of the group that received BLS, 39 (73.6%) were effective donors compared with the non-BLS group, in which 22 (62.9%) were effective donors (P=.28). We did not find an association between performing BLS compared with non-BLS and organ donation.

Comparison of self-expanding metal stent results in esophagogastrostomy and esophagojejunostomy anastomotic leak: a three-center retrospective analysis

Purpose: Our aim was to compare the efficacy and complications of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) in anastomotic leaks related to esophagogastrostomy (EG) and esophagojejunostomy (EJ). Methods: Demographic characteristics, types of surgery, anastomotic leak detection time, clinical findings, diagnostic methods, radiological and endoscopic findings, biochemical findings, efficacy and complications of SEMS, morbidity, and mortality rates of 17 patients who underwent SEMS due to EG (8 cases) or EJ (9 cases) anastomotic leakage after esophageal and gastric tumor resection between 2013-2019 were compared. Mann-Whitney U test was used in the analysis of quantitative variables, Fisher Exact and Fisher-Freeman-Holton tests were used in the analysis of categorical variables. Results: While early term SEMS migration was not observed in the EG group, it was observed in 5 (55.5%) cases in the EJ group (p=0.564). In the EJ group, laceration in the jejunal loop due to SEMS migration was observed in 1 (11.1%) case, and intestinal perforation was observed in 1 (11.1%) case. The amount of anastomotic leakage after SEMS was significantly decreased in the EG group compared to the EJ group (p=0.028). C-reactive protein values were lower and albumin levels were higher in the EG group compared to EJ group (p=0.093, p=0.078, respectively). Mortality was seen in 1 (12.5%) patient in the EG group and in 5 (55.5%) patients in the EJ group (p=0.131). The mean age of those who developed mortality was higher than those who did not (p=0.015). Conclusion: While SEMS is effective in EG anastomotic leakage, its success rate is low in EJ anastomotic leakage.

Comparison of Effects of Two Drugs (Pregabalin & Celecoxib) on 24 hours Post-Operative Pain Intensity in Patients Undergoing Tibia Fracture Surgery

Background: Celecoxib is widely used in post-operative cases because of its ability to reduce postoperative opioid drug use. Currently, the use of this drug is common in post-operative cases. In various studies, pregabalin was used for the management of pain after spinal surgery to reduce the need for opioids. Objectives: Since the treatment of tibia fractures and surgery is painful and has a long-term recovery, this study aimed to compare the effect of two drugs (pregabalin and celecoxib) on pain severity at 24 h postoperatively in patients having tibia fracture surgery. This would mark significant progress in taking the proper drug. Methods: In this probability clinical experiment, the sample consisted of 50 patients scheduled for tibia fractures, who were selected from the table of random numbers. Then, the patients were assigned into two groups: celecoxib (Group C) and pregabalin (Group P). In the first group, celecoxib was administered to patients at 1 h pre-operatively at a dose of 200 mg and 1 h post-operatively at a dose of 200 mg. In the second treatment group, patients received pregabalin at 1 h pre-operatively at a dose of 200 mg and 1 h post-operatively at a dose of 200 mg orally. Then VAS (visual analog scale) scores were recorded at 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery. Finally, using SPSS software, qualitative variables were compared according to their percentage by the Chi-square test. For quantitative analysis of variables, the mean value of each group was calculated. The comparison of means was made by t-test. Results: The VAS score was considerably lower at 24 hours after surgery in the pregabalin group than in the celecoxib-treated group. However, after 6 and 12 h of surgery, no statistically meaningful difference was observed. A less analgesic effect was observed in the group treated with celecoxib than pregabalin, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Pregabalin improves postoperative pain, and it has more analgesic effects than celecoxib.

The Influence of Air Pollution on the Development of Allergic Inflammation in the Airways in Krakow’s Atopic and Non-Atopic Residents

Until now, the simultaneous influence of air pollution assessed by measuring the objective marker of exposition (1-hydroxypirene, 1-OHP) and atopy on the development of allergic airway diseases has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the pathomechanism of the allergic response to PM2.5 in atopic and non-atopic patients. We investigated the changes in peripheral blood basophil activity of patients after stimulation with the birch pollen allergen alone, the allergen combined with PM2.5 (BP), PM2.5 alone, a concentration of 1-OHP in urine, and a distance of residence from the main road in 30 persons. Activation by dust alone was positive for all concentrations in 83% of atopic and 75% of non-atopic assays. In the group of people with atopy, the simultaneous activation of BP gave a higher percentage of active basophils compared to the sum of activation with dust and birch pollen alone (B + P) for all concentrations. The difference between BP and B + P was 117.5 (p = 0.02) at a PM concentration of 100 μg. Such a relationship was not observed in the control group. The correlation coefficient between the distance of residence from major roads and urinary 1-OHP was 0.62. A Pearson correlation analysis of quantitative variables was performed, and positive correlation results were obtained in the atopy group between BP and 1-OH-P. Exposure to birch pollen and PM2.5 has a synergistic effect in sensitized individuals. The higher the exposure to pollutants, the higher the synergistic basophil response to the allergen and PM in atopic patients.

<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong>A revision of <em>Calamus</em> (Arecaceae, Calamoideae, Calameae, Calaminae)</strong></p>

A revision of Calamus was carried out based on morphological data. Eight thousand, six hundred and thirty-three herbarium specimens were examined and scored for 14 quantitative and 157 qualitative variables. Application of the Phylogenetic Species Concept to 516 preliminary species of Calamus resulted in recognition of 411 phylogenetic species. Of these, 38 are recognized as new (C. barisanensis, C. brevissimus, C. brunneus, C. calciphilus, C. densifloropsis, C. disjunctus, C. divergens, C. exiguus, C. furvus, C. gaharuensis, C. goramensis, C. heteracanthopsis, C. hosensis, C. impressus, C. insolitus, C. insularis, C. johanis, C. kinabaluensis, C. kubahensis, C. latus, C. lengguanii, C. lobatus, C. notabilis, C. obiensis, C. oresbiopsis, C. oxleyoides, C. pahangensis, C. powlingii, C. saltuensis, C. seropakensis, C. spinosus, C. sulawesiensis, C. tambingensis, C. tapanensis, C. trigynus, C. vinaceus, C. viridis, C. wedaensis). Analysis of quantitative variables and geographic distributions resulted in the division of 11 species into 36 subspecies. Eight species were considered to be ochlospecies (C. erioacanthus, C. inermis, C. javensis, C. melanochaetes, C. micranthus, C. moseleyanus, C. plicatus, C. siphonospathus). Nomenclature, descriptions, and distribution maps are provided for all species. Images of the type specimens of all new species are provided as well as images of most qualitative variables. One hundred and forty–three species are illustrated with images from living plants.

Quantitative analysis of variability in an integrated model of human ventricular electrophysiology and β-adrenergic signaling

In ventricular myocytes, stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors activates critical cardiac signaling pathways, leading to shorter action potentials and increased contraction strength during the “fight-or-flight” response. These changes primarily result, at the cellular level, from the coordinated phosphorylation of multiple targets by protein kinase A. Although mathematical models of the intracellular signaling downstream of β-adrenergic receptor activation have previously been described, only a limited number of studies have explored quantitative interactions between intracellular signaling and electrophysiology in human ventricular myocytes. Accordingly, our objective was to develop an integrative mathematical model of β-adrenergic receptor signaling, electrophysiology, and intracellular calcium (Ca2+) handling in the healthy human ventricular myocyte. We combined published mathematical models of intracellular signaling and electrophysiology, then calibrated the model results against voltage clamp data and physiological changes occurring after stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors with isoproterenol. We subsequently: (1) explored how molecular variability in different categories of model parameters translated into phenotypic variability; (2) identified the most important parameters determining physiological cellular outputs in the model before and after β-adrenergic receptor stimulation; and (3) investigated which molecular level alterations can produce a phenotype indicative of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Major results included: (1) variability in parameters that controlled intracellular signaling caused qualitatively different behavior than variability in parameters controlling ion transport pathways; (2) the most important model parameters determining action potential duration and intracellular Ca2+ transient amplitude were generally consistent before and after β-adrenergic receptor stimulation, except for a shift in the importance of K+ currents in determining action potential duration; and (3) decreased Ca2+ uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, increased Ca2+ extrusion through Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and decreased Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum may contribute to HFpEF. Overall, this study provided novel insight into the phenotypic consequences of molecular variability, and our integrated model may be useful in the design and interpretation of future experimental studies of interactions between β-adrenergic signaling and cellular physiology in human ventricular myocytes.

IMPACT OF MENTAL HEALTH AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDER DUE TO THE USE OF ALCOHOL IN THE PERNAMBUCO POPULATION: AN ANALYSIS FROM NATIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS

Introduction: Alcohol abuse does not characterize a state of character or weakness, it is a physical and psychological dependence that manipulates a dependent’s conduct and interposes between the individual, a family and other social relationships. There are 3.3 million deaths per year, due to harmful use of alcohol, and ranks as the third disease that kills the most in the world. In Brazil, it is estimated that 4.2% of the population most likely to be abused or addicted, alarming compared to the world average. Objective: To analyze the prevalence data in new cases of mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use, from 2014 to 2018 by sample of municipalities in the state of Pernambuco with more than 100 new cases in the period. Methodology: This is a study in secondary databases, conducted from the Brazilian Basic Data indicators, an integral tool of the health information system, using quantitative analysis of variables. Results: There was a reduction of 8% in new cases in 2018 when compared to 2014. The municipality of Vitoria de Santo Antao had a greater relative reduction of new cases in the period, from 82 in 2014 to 5 new cases in 2018. Paulista presented 559 fewer new cases when comparing 2018 and 2014, this being the largest absolute reduction among the municipalities. Men were 18 times more dependent than women, and the population aged 30 to 59 years had 4.6 times more new cases than the other age groups. Discussion: It is generally observed that there were significant reductions in the number of new cases when evaluating all municipalities in Pernambuco. This may be associated with the expansion of preventive public health education policies aimed at raising awareness of the use and abuse of the population and the role of multidisciplinary teams towards the dependent patient, with a view to the integral attention of the dependent and his personal relationships, fundamental to maintaining mental health. Conclusion: The data analysis showed that despite the reduction of hospitalizations related to alcohol abuse, there is still a need for new public policies in relation to these patients, focusing on the male gender and the potentially active age population, since the reduction of the incidence of these patients. cases over the years and reflects a direct reduction in mental and behavioral disorders in the state of Pernambuco population.

INCIDENCE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA IN THE POPULATION OF PERNAMBUCO: AN ANALYSIS FROM NATIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS

Introduction: Schizophrenia is idiopathic chronic psychosis characterized by distortions of thought, perception, inadequacy and affective dullness. The main risk factors are connected by genetic, neurobiological and psychosocial functions. In Brazil, it is estimated that over 2.5 million people are carriers of the disease, alarming given the social damage that the disease can bring. Objective: To analyze the prevalence data in new cases of schizophrenia from 2014 to 2018 by sample of municipalities in the state of Pernambuco with more than 100 new cases in the period. Methodology: It is a study in secondary databases, conducted from the Basic Data indicators of Brazil, an integral tool of the health information system, using quantitative analysis of variables. Results: There was a 25% reduction in new cases in 2018 compared to 2014. The municipality of Garanhuns had the largest absolute and relative reduction of new cases in the period, from 467 to 6.. The cities of Caruaru, Serra talhada and Igarassu also had a reduction in the number of cases. In contrast, in the municipality of Araripina there was an increase in the number of cases in the period. In the municipality of Recife there was the highest incidence among the municipalities, with 7,209 hospitalizations, 66% of the total cases in the state. Discussion: With the exception of the municipality of Araripina, it is generally observed that there were significant reductions in the number of new cases when evaluating the totality of the municipalities of Pernambuco. This may be associated with the expansion of preventive public health education policies aimed at raising awareness of the population about the disease, improving the effectiveness of treatment over the years and the assistance of multiprofessional health teams in psychosocial care centers, with a view to reintegration of these patients in the social context and reduction of public expenses related to hospitalizations. Conclusion: Data analysis showed the effectiveness of multiprofessional programs and public policies related to schizophrenia in Pernambuco. The decreasing number of new cases over the years is evident and reflects greater state assistance with the population’s mental health.

INCIDENCE OF MOOD DISORDER IN RECIFE POPULATION: AN ANALYSIS FROM NATIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS

Introduction: Mood Disorders are characterized by changes in affective life, towards depression (with or without associated anxiety) or mania. These are usually accompanied by a change in the overall level of activity. Most of these disorders tend to be recurrent, causing severe damage to the life of the patient and those around him, especially the family. Objective: To describe the prevalence data in new cases of mood disorders between 2014 and 2018, by sample of type of care, gender and age group in the city of Recife. Methodology: This is a study in secondary databases through the Basic Data indicators of Brazil, an integral tool of the health information system, using quantitative analysis of variables. Results: We analyzed the data regarding hospitalizations and concluded that Recife represented 76.8% of hospitalizations performed in Pernambuco, and 81% of cases represented urgent hospitalization. The age group most frequently led to hospitalization was between 30 and 39 years old (25.5%), followed by 40 to 49 years old (24.7%) and 50 to 59 years old (20.7%). Together, ages 10 to 14 and from 80 onwards accounted for only 0.066% of all cases. The brown color presented 71.9% of the hospitalizations and the white presented 21.6% of the cases. Regarding the prevalence between genders, 64.8% of hospitalizations corresponded to females. The total amount spent by public coffers in 2018 was 12.9% higher than 2017, but 15.3% lower than the average of the period analyzed. It is also noteworthy that the Ulysses Pernambucano Psychiatric Hospital received 77.3% of the notified hospitalizations and the average stay for 2018 was the lowest in the historical series (17.6), 28.1% lower than the average of the analyzed period (24.5). Discussion: In general, it was observed that the municipality of Recife, and especially the Ullysses Pernambucano Psychiatric Hospital, covers the vast majority of hospitalizations for mood disorders. Being a woman and being in the economically active age group were identified as important risk factors. In addition, the proportion of urgent care indicates the severity of the problem. Conclusion: Analyzes of these data show the need for the implementation of health prevention and promotion policies in the context of mood disorder, focusing on the economically active age group and female gender, as well as a greater need to internalize the means of health promotion. health available to the population, since not all patients have access to large centers, making it impossible to properly treat the disorders studied..

IMPACT OF MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS DUE TO THE USE OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN PERNAMBUCO: AN ANALYSIS FROM NATIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS

Introduction: Psychoactive substances can cause disorders that differ from each other and varying severity and diverse symptomatology. Enabling complications in the family and social environment of the user, in addition to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Alcohol is a psychoactive substance most used by the Brazilian population, followed by caffeine, opiates, cannabinoids, cocaine and crack, with high levels of simultaneous use of two or more substances. In Brazil, it is estimated that psychoactive imports will increase, especially among young people. Objective: To analyze data from years 2014 to 2018, for example from the state of Pernambuco state with more than 100 case cases in the period. Methodology: This is a study in secondary databases, conducted from the Basic data indicator of Brazil, using the health information system, using the quantitative analysis of variables. Results: The number of new occurrences between 2014 and 2018 increased by 1.4 times. Of a total of 2971 cases, 75.3% were treated non-urgently and sometimes more often than women. The working age population (between 15 and 60 years old) presented 94.3% of new cases among those under 15 years old and over 60 years old, with the largest number of new cases in the range of 20 to 29 years old, representing 34%. Discussion: In general, there was a significant increase in the number of new cases in the population of the state of Pernambuco. Men and their age status have been progressively classified as important risk factors for mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use. In addition, a proportion of emergency care indicates a severity of the disorder that has occurred. Conclusion: Injections in psychoactive therapies focus on health focused on psychoactive disorders, with emphasis on health promotion focused on males. The case to disregard the increasing increases of new cases over the years is to enable the dissemination of conflicts that affect the user, increasing morbidity and mortality, but also family members and social inclusion.

Galenic Preparations of Therapeutic Cannabis sativa Differ in Cannabinoids Concentration: A Quantitative Analysis of Variability and Possible Clinical Implications.

Introduction: Magistral preparations of therapeutic cannabis are extracted from standardized products imported from Holland or from the Florence Military Pharmaceutical Chemical Works, but extraction protocols differ among galenic laboratories. This study assessed the inter-laboratory variability in concentrations of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) among different magistral oil preparations.Methods: 219 samples of Bediol, Bedrobinol, Bedrolite or FM-2 70 or 100 mg/ml in oil were collected from 3 laboratories. Concentrations of CBD, CBN, THC, and THCA were quantified by high-pressure liquid chromatography; inter-laboratories variability was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test.Results: A significant variability in CBD and THC concentrations was found for Bediol 70 mg/ml samples from 2 laboratories [for CBD: median 5.4 (range 4.8–6.6) vs. 6.1 (4.9–7.2) mg/ml, p = 0.033; for THC: 3.6 (3.1–3.9) vs. 4.0 (2.6–5.1) mg/ml, p = 0.020]. As for Bediol 100 mg/ml, a significant variability emerged in THC concentrations among the three considered laboratories [5.7 (-) vs. 4.2 (1.5–4.8) vs. 5.2 (4.2–6.9), p = 0.030]. No significant inter-laboratory variability emerged for Bedrocan and Bedrolite. Concentrations of CBD, CBN, and THC were <LOQ in all Bedrocan samples, and CBN and THCA were <LOQ in all Bedrolite samples. As for FM-2, a significant inter-laboratories variability was found for CBD concentrations.Conclusion: Quantitative variability of cannabinoids in magistral preparations might impact on the efficacy and safety of therapeutic cannabis. A standardized protocol is needed to guarantee a homogeneous product and patients’ therapeutic continuity.

Clinical, Paraclinical and Imaging Characterization of a Population of Colombian Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder at the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia

INTRODUCTION:Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an inflammatory syndrome of the central nervous system, different from multiple sclerosis, that is associated with aquaporin-4 IgG antibodies (AQP4-IgG). The new nomenclature defines a unified term of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), seropositive or seronegative according to the AQP4-IgG positivity. OBJECTIVES:Demographic, clinical, imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytochemistry characterization of patients diagnosed with NMOSD at the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI), Bogotá, Colombia, during 2006-2017. METHODS:A descriptive observational longitudinal study of patients diagnosed with NMO according to the International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders 2015 evaluated in HUSI during 2006-2017. An analysis of quantitative variables was performed with mean, standard deviation, median and interquartile range (IQR), and of qualitative variables with absolute numbers and percentages. A Wilcoxon sign-rank sum test was performed for paired data to evaluate the correlation between visual acuity (VA) and EDSS disability scale at admission and discharge after treatment. RESULTS:Data was collected for 37 patients. The mean age was 42 years-old. The form of presentation was optic neuritis (ON) in 81.1% of the cases. In patients who presented as ON, it was typical in 21.6%, atypical in 43.2% and bilateral in 18.9% of them. An average of 4.6 plasmapheresis (PPH) were performed; at discharge 45.9% presented a visual acuity (VA) lower than 20/800. The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) on admission was 2.8 (SD 1,4) and 2.2 (SD: 1,4). at discharge. CONCLUSION:Colombian NMOSD patients have shown an increasingly frequent phenotype variability Including a higher proportion of patients with bilateral optic neuritis, smaller number of patients with oligoclonal bands pattern II and with typical lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) in MRI with seropositive NMO and a greater number of cases debuting with partial segment partial myelitis.

\u2018Telling our story... Creating our own history\u2019: caregivers\u2019 reasons for participating in an Australian longitudinal study of Indigenous children

BackgroundImproving the wellbeing of Indigenous populations is an international priority. Robust research conducted with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is key to developing programs and policies to improve health and wellbeing. This paper aims to quantify the extent of participation in a national longitudinal study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous Australian) children, and to understand the reasons why caregivers participate in the study.MethodsThis mixed methods study uses data from Wave 6 of Footprints in Time, the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children. We conducted descriptive analysis of quantitative variables to characterise the sample and retention rates. We applied conventional content analysis to 160 caregivers’ open-ended responses to the question, ‘Why do you stay in the study?’, identifying themes and overarching meta-themes.ResultsThe study has maintained a high retention rate, with 70.4% (n = 1239/1671) of the baseline sample participating in the study’s 6th wave. We identified seven themes related to why participants stay in the study: telling our story, community benefit, satisfaction, tracking Study Child’s progress, study processes, receiving study gifts, and valuing what the study stands for. These related to two meta-themes: reciprocity, and trust and connection. Caregivers reported that participation was associated with benefits for their family and community as well as for the study. They identified specific features of the Footprints in Time study design that built and maintained trust and connection between participants and the study.ConclusionsOur findings support the assertion that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people want to be involved in research when it is done ‘the right way’. Footprints in Time has successfully recruited and retained the current-largest cohort of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia through the use of participatory research methodologies, suggesting effective study implementation and processes. Participants indicated ongoing commitment to the study resulting from perceptions of reciprocity and development of trust in the study. Footprints in Time can serve as a successful model of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health research, to promote good research practice and provides lessons for research with other Indigenous populations.

To describe the prevalence data in new cases of leprosy in the years 2013 to 2015 in Pernambuco

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It has eminent persistence in Brazil, which occupies the second place in the ranking with the highest number of new cases in the world. The upper airways are the main entrance and exit port for the bacillus, and the transmission occurs in close and prolonged contact with the carrier. Objective: To describe the prevalence data in new cases of leprosy in the years 2013 to 2015 by sample of municipalities of the State of Pernambuco with more than 100 new cases. Methodology: It is a study in secondary databases, through the Basic Data indicators of Brazil, a tool integral to the health information system, using quantitative analysis of variables. Results: Jaboatao dos Guararapes and Petrolina are municipalities that presented a significant increase in the number of new cases, contrasting the values from 2013 to 2015, with 256 and 283 respectively. On the other hand, Olinda and Recife in the same period, presented an expressive decrease, in which Olinda in 2013 obtained 225 new cases; in 2015, the number of new cases was 207. Recife was the municipality that presented the most expressive results of reduction of cases: from 603 new cases in 2013 to 484 new cases in 2015. Discussion: Although some municipalities present a reduction in new cases, in general it can be said that there were significant increases in the number of new cases when all counties. Conclusion: The analysis of these data show the need to reorganize on the deficiencies present in the programs and policies related to leprosy, as disregard the growing increases in new cases over the years is to allow the spread of a disease that can lead the individual to severe disability.

한국의류산업학회지 논문의 양적정보에 대한 연구동향

To predict and foster professional research issues for the present and future, it is important to understand the stream of research trends. This study is to provide information of research trend through analysis of quantitative variables in 1,374 articles from the first issue to the present(2015) of the Fashion and Textiles Research Journal. As a result, in the former periods, articles in the field of textile science & technology and fashion design & historical concerns, and articles that used experiments and others as a research method were dominant; in the latter periods, articles in the field of fashion marketing & merchandising and apparel production & technology, and articles that used survey as a research method were dominant. According to each detailed research field and method, there were significant differences in the number of pages, authors and references of articles. In addition, it was found that the number of pages and the number of references increased sharply in the latter period, indicating that the contents of the papers were more detailed and faithful to references of other studies. Through the analysis of this study, it was found that Fashion and Textiles Research Journal published a variety of articles in the academic fields. The research information analyzed in this study will contribute to the future design for the research as well as the academic societies.

39 Evaluation of plasma concentration of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF AA) in the prediction of preeclampsia

Introduction Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease with severe complications for the mother and neonate and amid all aspects related to the development of the disease, we highlight the angiogenic biomarkers. These markers are increasingly being studied to help in understanding the pathophysiology of PE, and of these markers is the PDGF AA, a protein directly involved in cell proliferation and migration of placental vasculogenesis. Objective This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of PDGF AA as a factor in PE prediction compared to serum biomarker levels in pregnant women who developed the disease and in healthy pregnant women. Methods This study is a case-control linked to a cohort, which included the participation of 1.417 pregnant women with gestational age between 20 and 25 weeks, who were interviewed and had blood collected for analysis before the development of the disease. Through interviews and medical record analysis (after delivery), we selected 30 women who had a confirmed diagnosis of preeclampsia and 90 healthy pregnant women. The dosage of PDGF AA was made to these participants and enabled us to analyze and compare the plasma concentration of this biomarker in healthy pregnant women and in women who developed preeclampsia. For the analysis of quantitative variables was used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and where this assumption was not observed, logarithmic transformations in the response variable were used. Results We found no significant difference in the age of pregnant women, BMI, gestational age and heart rate. The values of the comparison between the two groups showed a significant difference in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001) and diastolic (p ± 167.7 and in healthy patients was 337.80 ± 305.1 (p = 0.48), no significant difference. Conclusion We conclude that serum levels of PDGF AA is not effective as a predictor of preeclampsia, since the difference observed between healthy pregnant women and pregnant women who developed the disease is not significant.

Prevalence and associated factors of hospital malnutrition in a general hospital; Perú, 2012

Hospital malnutrition is a prevalent problem that cause higher morbidity and mortality, poorer response to treatment and higher hospital stay and cost. To determine the prevalence and factors associated with hospital malnutrition in a peruvian General Hospital. Cross-sectional study including 211 hospitalized patients in Medicine and Surgery wards. Demographic, clinical and anthropometrical indicators' data was collected. Multivariate analysis was binary logistic regression. All tests had a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Prevalence of hospital malnutrition was 46.9%. Prevalences of caloric and protein malnutrition were 21.3% and 37.5%, respectively. Bivariate analysis found that hospitalization in Surgery wards was associated with a major risk of caloric (OR = 4.41, IC 95% [1.65-11.78]) and protein malnutrition (OR = 2.52, IC 95% [1.297-4.89]). During the analysis of quantitative variables, significant associations between number of comorbidities and caloric malnutrition (p = 0.031) was found, and also between the beginning of food intake changes and the presence of protein malnutrition (p = 0.031). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between diagnosis of neoplasm and presence of caloric malnutrition (OR = 5.22, IC [1.43-19.13]). Prevalence of hospital malnutrition was near 50%, as in similar studies. Protein-caloric malnutrition prevalences obtained, differ from the ones in a previous study in this hospital, which is explained by the different diagnostic criteria and particular characteristics of groups of patients, such as procedence ward and comorbidities. An association between protein-caloric and hospitalization in a Surgery ward was found; the reasons should be investigated in further studies.

A quantitative analysis of variability in brachial plexus anatomy

The aim of this study was to quantify the lengths of nerve segments within the brachial plexus. Twenty cadavers were dissected bilaterally, giving a total of 40 brachial plexuses for measurement. Individual lengths of plexus segments were measured and recorded, and means and standard deviations were calculated for all data. Differences between the means were statistically evaluated using the Student's t-test. Only 3 of 16 segments were found to be longer in women on average, which included the anterior division of the superior trunk, the anterior division of the middle trunk and the posterior division of the inferior trunk. All three cords (medial, lateral, and posterior) were found to be significantly different between genders, the longer segments being in males. Significant bilateral differences were also observed when right and left brachial plexuses from each cadaver were compared. Extra lateral heads (ELHs) to the median nerve were found in 50% of brachial plexuses, the anatomy of which varied bilaterally as well as between genders. Awareness of this variability is important both to anatomists and to clinicians who operate on and around the brachial plexus.

Shape of the Lateral Mandibular Outline in Lemuridae: A Quantitative Analysis of Variability Using Elliptical Fourier Analysis

While several morphometric analyses in lemurids have focused on the craniofacial complex, the characterization of their mandibular morphology has received less attention. The mandibular outline, in lateral perspective, was quantified using elliptical Fourier analysis, in an osteological sample encompassing 189 lemurid mandibles (66 Eulemur, 51 Hapalemur, 22 Lemur and 50 Varecia), and compared using multivariate statistical techniques. The taxonomic value of this outline in Lemuridae was demonstrated by the existence of significant separations between the four genera studied. In particular, the mandibular morphology of Hapalemur was markedly different from that in the group Eulemur-Lemur-Varecia. Excluding Hapalemur from analysis, the distinctions between Eulemur, Lemur and Varecia were enhanced suggesting the existence of more subtle intergeneric differences in mandibular morphology. Variation in mandibular form was greatest in Hapalemur and smallest in Eulemur and Varecia (as demonstrated by the mean values of interindividual distances); variation was higher in Lemur than in Eulemur and Varecia, but not higher than in Hapalemur. This morphological diversity may be related to functional adaptation in response to particular dietary habits. The patterns of intergeneric and intrageneric shape variations of the mandible in Lemuridae presented here provide a valuable resource for the analysis of variation among living and fossil lemurids.

Quantitative Analysis of Variability and Uncertainty with Known Measurement Error: Methodology and Case Study

The appearance of measurement error in exposure and risk factor data potentially affects any inferences regarding variability and uncertainty because the distribution representing the observed data set deviates from the distribution that represents an error-free data set. A methodology for improving the characterization of variability and uncertainty with known measurement errors in data is demonstrated in this article based on an observed data set, known measurement error, and a measurement-error model. A practical method for constructing an error-free data set is presented and a numerical method based upon bootstrap pairs, incorporating two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation, is introduced to address uncertainty arising from measurement error in selected statistics. When measurement error is a large source of uncertainty, substantial differences between the distribution representing variability of the observed data set and the distribution representing variability of the error-free data set will occur. Furthermore, the shape and range of the probability bands for uncertainty differ between the observed and error-free data set. Failure to separately characterize contributions from random sampling error and measurement error will lead to bias in the variability and uncertainty estimates. However, a key finding is that total uncertainty in mean can be properly quantified even if measurement and random sampling errors cannot be separated. An empirical case study is used to illustrate the application of the methodology.