Analysis Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Articles

Work is the best medicine: A qualitative analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder and supported employment

AbstractCo‐occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) negatively impacts employment outcomes for individuals with serious mental health conditions (SMHCs). This study examined how employment might help individuals manage PTSD. Sixty‐eight employed individuals with SMHCs and co‐occurring PTSD responded to two open‐ended questions focused on how work impacted the management of PTSD symptoms and their perceived need for support from a job coach. Findings revealed themes about benefits of work on PTSD symptom management and types of provider support desired. Study implications are discussed.

A panel network analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms across the perinatal period.

The perinatal period is marked by a higher risk of experiencing depressive, anxiety, and/or trauma-related symptoms, a phenomenon that affects millions of individuals each year. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms commonly co-occur but have rarely been examined together beyond prevalence estimates in the perinatal period. Our study aimed to explore patterns of associations among OCD and PTSD symptoms to elucidate within- and between-person effects and how these effects may change over time. Participants (N = 270) were recruited during pregnancy from an academic medical center affiliated with a midwestern university. PTSD, OCD, and depressive symptoms were assessed at pregnancy, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postpartum. A panel graphical vector autoregression model was used to estimate networks. The temporal network provided information regarding directed predictive effects between symptoms, and hyperarousal, neutralizing, and ordering were the most stable and predictive symptoms across time. The contemporaneous network, which yields undirected partial correlations between symptoms at a given moment, indicated that there were positive associations between intrusions and avoidance, hyperarousal and negative alterations in cognitions and mood, as well as between hyperarousal and dysphoria. This study identified hyperarousal and neutralizing as the PTSD and OCD symptoms with the strongest stability, predictive power, and association with other symptoms. Clinically, this indicates that screening for hyperarousal and neutralizing symptoms may identify individuals who could maximally benefit from treatment in the perinatal period. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Neuromolecular analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder – the dysregulation in neuronal and signalling pathways

Neuromolecular analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder – the dysregulation in neuronal and signalling pathways

An Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Quality of Life Among Adults Living with HIV in Western Uganda.

HIV/AIDS remains a significant global public health issue, profoundly impacting infected individuals. Living with HIV involves complex mental health dynamics, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) being a prevalent challenge. This study aims to examine the correlation between PTSD and quality of life among HIV-positive individuals in western Uganda. Conducted between May and July 2023, this facility-based cross-sectional study surveyed 439 participants from four HIV clinics in southwestern Uganda. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires, analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression (p<0.05). Respondents had a mean age of 40.6 years, with 68.3% female, 54.9% married, and 55.1% lacking formal education. The reported PTSD prevalence among HIV-positive individuals was 33.7%, significantly correlating with reduced overall quality of life (β = -4.52; p<0.001). The social quality of life had the highest mean score of 14.24 (±3.45) while the environmental quality of life had the lowest mean score 11.89 (±2.68). Our study reveals a concerning prevalence of PTSD, affecting 1 in 3 individuals, emphasizing the pressing need for comprehensive mental health support within HIV care settings. We observed a significant negative impact of PTSD on overall quality of life, particularly in physical and social aspects. Integrating mental health screening into routine HIV care is crucial, using validated tools like the PSTD Checklist Civilian Version, alongside training for healthcare providers to recognize PTSD symptoms in the context of HIV diagnosis and treatment.

Network analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder in a treatment-seeking sample of US firefighters and emergency medical technicians

BackgroundFirst responders, including firefighters and emergency medical technicians (EMTs), are under extreme stress from repeated exposure to potentially traumatic events. To optimize treatment for this population, it is critical to understand how the various posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom factors are associated with one another so these relations may be targeted in treatment. MethodUsing a sample of treatment-seeking firefighters/EMTs (N = 342), we conducted a partial correlation network analysis of the eight-factor model. A Bayesian directed acyclic graph (DAG) was used to estimate causal associations between clusters. ResultsApproximately 37 % of the sample screened positive for probable PTSD. Internal re-experiencing and external re-experiencing had the strongest edges. In the DAG, internal re-experiencing was the parent node and was potentially predictive of external re-experiencing, negative affect, dysphoric arousal, and avoidance. LimitationsData were drawn from a treatment-seeking sample that may not generalize to all firefighters/EMTs. ConclusionsThe current findings are consistent with prior research suggesting re-experiencing plays a critical role in developing and maintaining PTSD symptoms. Future research should investigate non-treatment-seeking first responders, as well as EMTs and firefighters as individual populations.

Application of Drug Efficiency Index Metric for Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Treatment Resistant Depression Gene Expression Profiles

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe mental illness with grave social, political, economic, and humanitarian implications. To apply the principles of personalized omics-based medicine to this psychiatric problem, we implemented our previously introduced drug efficiency index (DEI) to the PTSD gene expression datasets. Generally, omics-based personalized medicine evaluates individual drug action using two classes of data: (1) gene expression, mutation, and Big Data profiles, and (2) molecular pathway graphs that reflect the protein–protein interaction. In the particular case of the DEI metric, we evaluate the drug action according to the drug’s ability to restore healthy (control) activation levels of molecular pathways. We have curated five PTSD and one TRD (treatment-resistant depression) cohorts of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and microarray hybridization (MH) gene expression profiles, which, in total, comprise 791 samples, including 379 cases and 413 controls. To check the applicability of our DEI metrics, we have performed three differential studies with gene expression and pathway activation data: (1) case samples vs. control samples, (2) case samples after treatment or/and observation vs. before treatment, and (3) samples from patients positively responding to the treatment vs. those responding negatively or non-responding patients. We found that the DEI values that use the signaling pathway impact activation (SPIA) metric were better than those that used the Oncobox pathway activation level (Oncobox PAL) approach. However, SPIA, Oncobox PAL, and DEI evaluations were reliable only if there were differential genes between case and control, or treated and untreated, samples.

Bibliometric analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder in forensic medicine: Research trends, hot spots, and prospects.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has various risk factors, complex pathogenesis, and diverse symptoms, and is often comorbid with other injuries and diseases, making forensic diagnosis difficult. To explore the current research status and trends of PTSD, we used the Web of Science Core Collection databases to screen PTSD-related literature published between 2010 and 2021 and CiteSpace to perform bibliometric analysis. In recent years, PTSD-related research has grown steadily. The countries and institutions with the most research results were the United States and England, and King's College London and Boston University, respectively. Publications were identified from 2,821 different journals, including 13 forensic-related journals, but the journal distribution was relatively scattered and there was a lack of professional core journals. Keyword co-occurrence and clustering identified many hot topics; "rat model," "mental health," and "satisfaction" were the topics most likely to have a clear effect on future research. Analysis extracted nine turning points from the literature that suggested that neural network centers, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and biomarkers were new research directions. It was found that COVID-19 can cause severe psychological stress and induce PTSD, but the relationship needs further study. The literature on stress response areas and biomarkers has gradually increased over time, but specific systemic neural brain circuits and biomarkers remain to be determined. There is a need to expand the collection of different types of biological tissue samples from patients with different backgrounds, screen PTSD biomarkers and molecular targets using multi-omics and molecular biology techniques, and establish PTSD-related molecular networks. This may promote a systematic understanding of the abnormal activation of neural circuits in patients with PTSD and help to establish a personalized, accurate, and objective forensic diagnostic standard.

Investigation and Analysis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Coping Style of Health-care Workers after Fighting COVID-19 in Wuhan, China

Introduction: The global spread of COVID-19 is occurring at an alarming rate. Nevertheless, there appears to be insufficient attention directed towards the mental state of frontline health-care workers along with provision of appropriate interventions. The purpose of this study is to assess the levels of post-traumatic psychological stress among healthcare workers and to provide a foundation for hospital administrators to develop pertinent psychological intervention strategies.Method: For this study, a network questionnaire was administered to 249 health-care workers from 5 hospitals in Wuhan, China who had experienced outbreaks of COVID-19. The questionnaire contained items pertaining to the participants' baseline demographic characteristics, the Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist-Civilian Version and coping style questionnaire.Results: The positive rate of PTSD was 8.03%. Female (p = 0.006), non-only-child family (p = 0.006), suspected or confirmed with COVID-19 (p = 0.005), and general current physical condition (p < 0.001) associated with higher Post-traumatic stress disorder ChecklistCivilian Version score. The primary coping mechanisms for psychological disorders encompassed problem-solving and seeking external assistance.Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of psychological stress disorder in health-care workers who had experienced outbreaks of COVID-19, which can be attributed to the negative coping styles. In order to mitigate the incidence of psychological stress disorder in a timely manner, it is imperative to highlight the mental well-being of healthcare workers and implement effective interventions.

An Analysis Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) OF Main Character In “A Private War” Film

The purpose of this study is to analyze the gestures and speech shown by the main character of the film who have mental disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder. In the analysis, the researcher took "A Private War" film as a subject of this research with a case study of mental disorders, namely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The researcher used qualitative method in descriptive form it tells the story of the main character (Marie Colvin), a war journalist who suffers from mental disorders after experiencing a traumatic event while covering a war. The results of this research show the description of 10 gestures and 5 speeches main character with post-traumatic stress disorder they are experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event that causes intense fear, helplessness, or horror, Act or feel as if the event is happening again, flashbacks or a sense of reliving it, sleep disturbances and alcoholism, nervous and easily worried, having experienced terrible events, something is disturbed, and this has caused the emergence of memories associated with an event, and It is hard to believe in strangers they meet. Researcher hopes this research will be useful for readers to understand mental disorders, especially post-traumatic stress disorder.

Addressing the limitations of confirmatory factor analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder: An application of exploratory structural equation modeling.

Addressing the limitations of confirmatory factor analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder: An application of exploratory structural equation modeling.

A Genome-Wide Association Study and Polygenic Risk Score Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Metabolic Syndrome in a South African Population.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-related disorder that frequently co-occurs with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. To provide insight into these co-morbidities, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis to identify genetic variants associated with PTSD, and determined if PTSD polygenic risk scores (PRS) could predict PTSD and MetS in a South African mixed-ancestry sample. The GWAS meta-analysis of PTSD participants (n = 260) and controls (n = 343) revealed no SNPs of genome-wide significance. However, several independent loci, as well as five SNPs in the PARK2 gene, were suggestively associated with PTSD (p < 5 × 10–6). PTSD-PRS was associated with PTSD diagnosis (Nagelkerke’s pseudo R2 = 0.0131, p = 0.00786), PTSD symptom severity [as measured by CAPS-5 total score (R2 = 0.00856, p = 0.0367) and PCL-5 score (R2 = 0.00737, p = 0.0353)], and MetS (Nagelkerke’s pseudo R2 = 0.00969, p = 0.0217). These findings suggest an association between PTSD and PARK2, corresponding with results from the largest PTSD-GWAS conducted to date. PRS analysis suggests that genetic variants associated with PTSD are also involved in the development of MetS. Overall, the results contribute to a broader goal of increasing diversity in psychiatric genetics.

A gender comparative analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder among a community-based cohort of people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada

BackgroundWhile exposure to traumatic events and subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common among people who use drugs (PWUD), little is known about gender-based differences associated with PTSD in this population. We explore gender-based differences in factors associated with a probable PTSD diagnosis in a cohort of PWUD from Vancouver, Canada. MethodsData were collected through the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS) and the AIDS Care Cohort to Evaluate Exposure to Survival Services (ACCESS), two community-recruited cohorts of PWUD. Participants were administered the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate social-structural factors and substance use patterns and behaviours associated with a probable PTSD diagnosis, stratified by self-identified gender. PTSD symptom clusters and brief descriptions of the worst traumatic event experienced were also reported. ResultsBetween December 2016 and December 2018, of 797 eligible participants, 295 (37.0%) identified as women. PTSD was more commonly reported in women compared to men (53.2% vs. 31.5%, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis involving men, no correlates were associated with PTSD. In multivariable analysis involving women, PTSD was positively associated with exposure to violence (AOR: 3.66; 95%CI: 1.14–11.72), daily stimulant use (AOR: 2.32; 95%CI: 1.32–4.08) and heavy alcohol use (AOR: 3.84; 95%CI: 1.84–8.00), and negatively associated with being in a stable relationship (AOR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.25–0.84). ConclusionsGender-based differences in PTSD diagnosis among a cohort of PWUD point to the need to develop gender-focused and trauma-informed health and social services to meet the immediate needs of PWUD living with PTSD.

A profile analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms among Chinese Shidu parents

ABSTRACT Background Due to the one-child policy implemented in China, most families have only one child. When parents experience the death of their only child, these parents receive the label ‘Shidu parents’. Shidu is a major public health issue in China. However, the patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms that are present in this population remain unclear. Objective This study aims to identify profiles of PTSD and depressive symptoms among Shidu parents and to explore the predictors of profile membership. Methods A total of 363 participants (M age = 61.5 years, SD = 7.5) were asked to complete questionnaires assessing PTSD, depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and demographic information. Latent profile analyses and multivariate logistic regressions were used. Results Three distinct profiles were identified: low (39.4%), moderate (32.8%), and high symptoms (27.8%). Parents who were younger and perceived lower levels of support from family and significant others were more likely to experience higher levels of PTSD and depressive symptoms. Conclusions These results indicate that the severity of PTSD and depressive symptoms tightly cohere, providing evidence for the co-occurrence of PTSD and depressive symptoms after bereavement. The findings provide valuable information for the development of tailored professional interventions for bereaved parents.

Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, Anxiety, and Resiliency Within the Unique Population of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Survivors.

BackgroundMental health after spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), a cause of myocardial infarction in young women, remains largely unexplored. We assessed the prevalence and severity of psychiatric symptoms after SCAD.Methods and ResultsIndividuals with confirmed SCAD who consented to the Mayo Clinic “Virtual” Multicenter SCAD Registry were sent the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Diagnostic Scale for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale, 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey, and an SCAD‐specific questionnaire. Among 782 patients contacted, 512 surveys were returned. Most respondents were women (97.5%), with median age at time of SCAD and survey completion of 47 and 52 years, respectively. Eighty‐two percent had at least one trauma, with mild or more posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in 28%. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in 41% and 32%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, those of younger age at first SCAD and low resiliency scored higher on measures of trauma, anxiety, and depression. Those with higher anxiety sensitivity had more severe anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Emotional and social quality of life was higher in those with high resiliency scores. Time from SCAD event to survey completion was associated with lower Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 score severity.ConclusionsSurvivors of SCAD have significant rates of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety, which are associated with lower quality of life specifically among those with lower resiliency. Given the prevalence and potential impact, screening and treatment for the psychological distress is advised. Behavioral interventions targeted toward resiliency training may be beneficial for this patient population.

A network analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociation in trauma-exposed adolescents

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociation have long been recognized to co-occur, leading the DSM-5 to introduce a dissociative subtype of PTSD into its nomenclature. Most research to date on the dissociative subtype has focused on adults. The current study aimed to extend this research to an adolescent sample and to examine symptom-level associations between PTSD and dissociation using network analysis. The analysis was conducted with 448 trauma-exposed detained US adolescents (24.55% female; mean age 15.98 ± 1.25 years). A network consisting of 20 DSM-5 PTSD symptoms was constructed, followed by a network consisting of 20 PTSD symptoms and five dissociative items. Expected influence bridge centrality was estimated to examine items with the most/strongest cross-construct connections (i.e. between PTSD and dissociation). The PTSD symptoms concentration problems, amnesia and recurrent memories and the dissociative items depersonalization, derealisation and can’t remember things that happened had the highest bridge centrality values. These symptom-level associations extend our understanding of the PTSD-dissociation relationship by pointing to specific symptoms of PTSD and dissociation that may drive the co-morbidity between the two constructs. These findings may inform future intervention efforts.

Physical and Mental Health Consequences of War-related Stressors Among Older Adults: An Analysis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Arthritis in Northern Vietnamese War Survivors.

We examine the impacts of trauma exposures and family stressors associated with the Vietnam War on musculoskeletal health and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outcomes in elderly Vietnamese who were widely impacted by the war as young adults. Noting that wars' impacts extend beyond male veterans in most survivor populations, we give attention to male and female war survivors placed in a variety of roles vis-a-vis the war. Utilizing data from the 2010 Vietnam Health and Aging Pilot Study (N = 405), we use logistic and Poisson regression models to estimate the effect of wartime trauma exposures and family stressors on disabling arthritis and PTSD symptoms in male and female northern Vietnamese adults aged 55 and older. The odds of experiencing recent PTSD symptoms are greater in respondents who report involvement in killing/causing severe injury and who observed war atrocities. In women, PTSD is positively correlated with war era child death and spousal separation. Arthritis also exhibits a significant, positive association with killing/causing severe injury. Our study provides insights into the burden of conflict upon health among populations of the global south that survived war and are now entering older adulthood. The pattern of results, indicating greatest suffering among those who inflicted or failed to prevent bodily harm or loss of life, is consistent with the concept of moral injury.

Analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder in children with road traffic injury in Wenzhou, China

ABSTRACTObjective: Road traffic accidents are the leading health threat to children and cause significant long-term mental health problems. This study aimed to characterize posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children suffering from road traffic injuries (RTIs) in Wenzhou, China.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 537 children (aged 1 to 13 years old) with RTIs. The epidemiological features, PTSD incidence, clinical manifestation, and risk factors were analyzed based on a customized PTSD risk factor questionnaire. The outcome factors were also evaluated by means of the logistic regression method.Results: The PTSD incidence was 24.77% in children with RTIs. The incidence of PTSD was related to the personality, family environment, and family care of the children. It was found that early psychological intervention and reasonable family care from the family might promote physical and mental welfare as well as contribute to the development of more effective treatments to prevent PTSD.Conclusion: For susceptible children, in addition to dealing with the somatic injury, psychological intervention and family care should be carried out as early as possible.

Analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder in rescuers and firefighters

To investigate the occurrence and associated factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in rescuers and firefighters. The PTSD of 264 rescuers and firefighters who had participated in rescue was evaluated using the self-designed fireman general situation questionnaire and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). The factors associated with the occurrence of PTSD were also analyzed. The incidence rate of PTSD in the subjects was 8.3%. The PTSD rate of special service corps (12%) was significantly higher than that of other subjects (P<0.05). The incidence of PTSD was highest in the rescuers and firefighters above the third rank, but without significant differences (P>0.05). The PTSD rate of married rescuers and firefighters was significantly higher than that of unmarried subjects (P<0.05). The PTSD rate of subjects addicted to drinking was significantly higher than that of non-drinking subjects (P<0.05). Subjects with more frequent attendance were more susceptible to PTSD compared with those with less attendance. The incidence rate of PTSD is high in rescuers and firefighters who have attended rescues. It is necessary to implement both short-term and long-term counseling programs for stress management and intervention in order to reduce the psychological trauma after rescue and improve the mental health of rescuers and firefighters.

Symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Anxiety among Adolescents following the 2010 Yushu Earthquake

Background: This study was undertaken three years after the Yushu earthquake with the aim of exploring the differences in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety symptoms between different groups. The survey was conveyed in Yushu Tibetan autonomous regions Ethnic School and the number of the participants was about one thousand. Method: T-test and chi-square test are mainly used to examine the correlation. In particularly, comprehend bivariate correlation analysis. Results: Three years following the disaster, 8.9% of participants reported PTSD and 49.3% displayed anxiety symptoms. A difference analysis of PTSD and anxiety symptoms across gender and grade subgroups suggested that there were no signi?cant gender differences in the anxiety and PTSD scores. However, there was a significant grade difference for anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the prevalence of PTSD was low among Tibetan adolescent. But the better of living environment and the customs habits did not change their anxiety level. This study may be useful for strengthening directing and evaluating mental health needs, as well as providing information on the psychological impact of the earthquake on this particular ethnic group in China.

Heterogeneity in clinical presentations of posttraumatic stress disorder among medical patients: Testing factor structure variation using factor mixture modeling

The present study used factor mixture modeling to explore empirically defined subgroups of psychological trauma victims based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and latent class analysis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. We sampled 310 medical patients with a history of trauma exposure. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the 4-factor emotional numbing PTSD model yielded the best model fit. Using latent factor means derived from this model and the 4-factor dysphoria PTSD model (indexing severity on PTSD factors), 3 latent classes of participants were identified using factor mixture modeling. The 3-class model fit the data very well and was validated against external measures of anxiety and rumination.