Analysis Of Peak-to-average Power Ratio Research Articles

Implementation of Omar Pigeon Space-Time (OPST) Algorithm to Mitigate the Interference and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Using RPR Mobile and HST-HM in the 5G

Nowadays, the 5G parameters play an eminent role in the massive Multiple-input, multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system for enriching high signal to noise ratio (SNR). 5G application has emerged in the role of artificial intelligence for involving the reduction of Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and Bit Error Rate (BER). In MIMO – OFDM system, the high PAPR is a tremendous drawback during the transmission of bit symbol with the number of sub-carriers in the signal. To avoid Intercarrier Interference (ICI) during transmission of the number of sub-carriers, the Omar Pigeon Space-Time (OPST) algorithm is implemented. Then, to overcome high PAPR in the uplink, the Hybrid Space-Time - Hadamard matrix (HST-HM) techniques are proposed and the Bit Error Rate (BER) is decreased abruptly. 5G parameters and specifications are incorporated in this OPST algorithm for avoiding interference during the data bit transmission in the MIMO – OFDM system. Realtors Property Resource (RPR) mobile app is developed for an experimental display of the information that occurs in the real-time uplink MIMO – OFDM system. Thus, the descriptive analysis and simulated results of PAPR, SNR, and BER are executed using the proposed system of HST with HM in the 5G Communication. The RPR mobile executes the outcomes through the OPST algorithm with a better system performance of the MIMO-OFDM system based on the 5G.

Reduction of PAPR in OTFS using normalized μ‐law and A‐law companding transform

In this letter, we propose a normalized ‐law and ‐law companding transform to reduce the peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) of the orthogonal time‐frequency space (OTFS) signal. The normalized ‐law and ‐law transforms reduce the peak power while keeping the same average power before and after the companding transform, which leads to lowering the PAPR. This letter also presents a theoretical analysis of PAPR and transform gain for validating the companding transforms. Simulations demonstrate that the normalized ‐law obtains better PAPR reduction and BER performance than the normalized ‐law and exhibits superior BER performance than the existing ‐law transform.

Fractional Wavelet Transform based PAPR Reduction Schemes in Multicarrier Modulation System

The future mobile communication system stimulates researcher to improve the spectral efficiency with reduced data loss by carrying out several works. High peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signal is the major drawback in the multicarrier transmission like orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. This study presents a novel way to improve the performance of the multicarrier transmission system with the reduction of PAPR. It is achieved by reconstructing the Fourier-based OFDM block with the help of fractional wavelet transform. This transform provides the accurate joint information of time and fractional frequency contents of the signal which highlights the proposed system. In this system, the wavelet transform is utilized to remove the usage of cyclic prefix and to improve the bandwidth efficiency. In addition, the analysis of PAPR in the FrWT-based OFDM is carried out with the help of selective mapping (SLM) and partial transmit sequences (PTSs) techniques. The simulated results are compared with the existing PAPR analysis of Fourier and wavelet-based OFDM systems. The proposed system shows reduced PAPR of 6.6 dB with SLM scheme and 4.8 dB with PTS scheme to achieve complementary cumulative distribution function of 10−3. The overall performance of the FrWT-OFDM transceiver is analyzed by means of bit error rate (BER) plots and it also shows BER reduction of 0.0028 with SLM scheme and 0.0012 with PTS scheme at high SNR of 16 dB.

Investigation of DC-Biased Optical OFDM With Precoding Matrix for Visible Light Communications: Theory, Simulations, and Experiments

Orthogonal frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) technology is widely used in visible light communication (VLC) to achieve high data rate transmission. However, the traditional direct-current (DC)-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) VLC systems suffer from the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which causes signal clipping distortion, and, thus, performance degradation. Furthermore, severe high-frequency fading due to the limited system bandwidth results in poor bit error rate (BER) performance. Precoding matrix (PM) techniques have been proposed to enhance the performance of VLC OFDM transmission, but a little or no work has been carried out in investigating the theory of PM used in OFDM VLC systems. In this paper, we aim to reveal the theory of PM-DCO-OFDM for a VLC system. To figure out the intrinsic laws of a PM method, we investigate the principles of PAPR reduction, clipping distortion optimization, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) distribution equalization. Based on the analysis of PAPR, we theoretically proved the simplicity of PM as a method to reduce the possibility of high PAPR by improving the autocorrelation performance of input symbols. The clipping distortion could be improved due to the reduction of high PAPR. Moreover, the relatively uniform SNR distribution can be achieved by PM through equalizing the clipping and channel noise, which is beneficial to improve the BER performance in high-frequency constrained systems. However, the PM method used in a DCO-OFDM VLC system should consider the transmitting power, modulation format, and transmission distance as a whole to achieve the transmission performance improvement. The simulation results demonstrate the complementary cumulative distribution function of PAPR can be reduced ∼3 dB, while the performance of clipping distortion power and clipping error probability are significantly improved. Furthermore, experiment is carried out with results showing that the PM method can improve the BER performance in the case that VLC OFDM transmission has enough transmitting power, but with the low transmitting power, the PM also can damage the BER performance. The simulation and experiment results are consistent with our theoretical analysis.

Fireflies Algorithm Based Optimal Scrambling to Reduce PAPR in SFBC Based MIMO-OFDM

Space Frequency Block Codes (SFBC) diversity technique with OFDM multicarrier system is efficient to overcome the effect of uncorrelated fading in frequency-selective fading wireless environment. But the critical problem existing in OFDM space frequency system is the data transmission with high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). This paper proposes the Firefly Algorithm (FA) based scrambling technique which reduces the PAPR. Subsequently, the analysis of PAPR and bit error rate (BER) of the proposed FA method is carried out and it is compared with other existing methods such as the traditional selective mapping scrambling, the optimization of scrambling like particle swarm and bee colony. The analytical and simulation outcomes show that the proposed FA based scrambling finds optimized phase set for the transmission of low PAPR signal as compared to other existing methods and it also achieve a low bit error rate.

Analysis of PAPR in optical OFDM systems with grouped LEDs

The need for multiple transmit chains poses a major challenge in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system utilising grouped light emitting diodes (LEDs) for the purpose of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction. Thus, recent study propose the use of pilot-assisted (PA) electrical PAPR reduction technique to further reduce PAPR and limit the number of transmit chains in the system. This paper presents the application of order statistics to derive the analytical solutions of PAPR distributions in the PA optical OFDM system utilising grouped LEDs. It is shown that the results obtained via analysis are in good agreement with that of computer simulations.