Analysis Of Fabric Structures Research Articles

A sustainable low temperature combined pretreatment process for cotton assisted by ultraviolet-C radiation

The textile sector stands out as one of the largest consumers of water. Its significant usage of natural resources, energy, and water - particularly in wet processing - has deleterious effects on the environment. To mitigate the industry's ecological footprint, this investigation delves into the viability of pretreating cotton grey fabrics utilizing Ultraviolet-C radiation. An efficient Ultraviolet-C-assisted single-step process has been developed, combining desizing, scouring, and bleaching. The grey cotton fabric is padded with a bleaching solution and exposed under Ultraviolet-C followed by a low-temperature washing. The process parameters like time of exposure under Ultraviolet-C, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, pH of the bleaching solution, and the temperature and duration of washing are optimized. The pretreated fabric is characterized by absorbency time, whiteness, strength, FTIR, WAXD, and SEM. The analysis of fabric structure using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Wide-angle X-ray diffraction indicates no significant alterations in the parent structure of the fabric. The combined process saves 71% water, 73% time, and 70% energy from the conventional technique without compromising the quality of the fabric. The dyeability test reveals that the combined pretreatment can have a 42% higher dye uptake than the control. The life cycle analysis of the innovative one-step combined pretreatment reveals that it can potentially reduce over 60% of the environmental impacts associated with conventional processes, thereby promoting sustainability. Furthermore, since minimal modifications to existing setups are necessary, implementing this process within the textile industry is highly feasible.

Rare Romanian Ethnographic Textiles—Reverse Engineering of Fabrics for Fashion Trends

(1) Investigating, collecting data with specific character, as well as registering and investigating data concerning ornaments and colors, patterns as expressive possibilities of designs of Romanian folk textile are important activities to do. The first goal of the research undertaken was to collect, preserve, and protect knowledge about old patterns and weaving techniques in selected regions of Romania, and the second to use old patterns for the modern needs of folk handicraft weaving and the clothing industry. (2) In the undertaken research, material was obtained from antique textiles, clothes, and paintings on canvas, from selected objects in the Maramureș region and Bihor region. The selection was made by the ReliefF method. The specimens of specification throw weight by the geometry method was used to characterize the types of weaving techniques. Principal component analysis methods were used to reduce the amount of data of the vector of textural features. (3) The research on selected Romanian textiles allowed for the construction of a model of texture features that describes them. The results include the specimens’ measurements, analysis of fabric structures, yarn specification, and the reconstruction of the fabrics. Based on the obtained results, a simulation of fashion trends was performed. (4) The analysis of individual components increased the knowledge of weaving techniques in the studied regions and may be an inspiration for contemporary design in local and regional handicrafts as well as in the clothing industry.

Improvement of Thermal Conductivity for Carbon Fabric Composites Base on the Fabric Structure

This paper presents the development of methods for improving the thermal conductivity of fiber reinforcing materials based on the fabric structures. The thermal analysis of fabric structure in thermal load calculation is performed by Fourier’s Law of Thermal Conduction and Steady-State Thermal calculation in Siemens NX. This study leads to the development of thermal conductivity in manufacturing technology of fiber reinforcing materials. Keywords: Thermal conductivity, fabric structure, polymer composite materials

Study of woven and non-woven fabric on water retention property for effective curing of concrete

The article reveals the development and analysis of fabric structure for its water absorption and retentivity property for concrete curing. The presence of moisture in concrete and curing time are influencing factor for concrete strength. Different fabric structures (woven and non-woven) of various densities are developed and analyzed for the water retentivity and drying rate at different condition of test. The non-woven structure has shown more retentivity than woven structure under different conditions of test. Analysis carried on the implication of water retentivity of fabric on compressive strength of concrete. The results reveal, the water absorption and retentivity are superior for non-woven compared to woven of same fabric density by its three-dimensional structure and space ratio. The concrete strength, cured with non-woven is 2.15 N/mm2 and it is higher than the woven of same fabric density of 370 GSM. The concrete cured with fabric density of 700 GSM and 750 GSM of non-woven have shown the maximum compressive strength of 19.95 N/mm2 and 20.05 N/mm2 respectively, almost nearing the result 20.1 N/mm2 of concrete fully immersed in water. It is suggested that non-woven of fabric density 750 GSM is optimum for curing and to attain the maximum concrete strength.

Fabric Structure for Moisture Retention Property and Its Application in Civil Engineering

The article reveals the development and analysis of fabric structure for its moisture absorbency property and its application in Civil engineering for curing of concrete. The presence of moisture in concrete and time of curing are the major influencing factors for concrete strength. Normal practice of curing is to wrap the concrete with jute woven fabric and spraying of water. The absorbency characteristics of different GSM (Gram per square meter) of woven and Non-woven fabric were studied. The Non-woven fabric absorbency is superior to woven fabric of same GSM by its three dimensional structure and high pore volume. The strength of concrete cured with Non- woven fabric is 2.1 N/mm2 higher than woven fabric of same 350 GSM. The difference in compressive strength of Non-woven fabric of 350 GSM and 750 GSM is 0.06 N/mm2 which is marginal.

Automatic Recognition Analysis of Fabric Structure Based on GLCM and BP Neural Network

At present, the work to analyze fabric structure still depends on artificial visual measurement, which is easily influenced by personal sight, mood, mental state as well as light condition. With the development of image processing technology and artificial intelligence, automatic analysis on fabric structure as a replacement of manual labor is of great possibility. In this study, features of fabric-image have been extracted by GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix). These features were analyzed by employing a three layer BP neural network. Three kinds of fabric structures such as plain, twill and satin was verified and the accurate recognition rate is very high to 93.45%.

Material Testing & Computational Mechanics — A New Philosophy for Architectural Fabrics

This paper proposes a new perspective on the analysis of fabric structures – the concept that material testing and computational mechanics are mutually dependent and, by implication, not to be considered as independent. Current representations of fabric stress-strain behaviour are based on plane-stress assumptions, and tend to simplify the available data (e.g. use of secant elastic moduli). Young's moduli and Poisson's ratios were determined for each test so as to provide the best fit plane to the scattered data points. These planar representations provided limited correlation with test data. The elastic constants do not comply with plane stress theory since coated woven fabrics are not homogeneous materials: They are composites with the interaction of orthogonal yarns making them act as a constrained mechanism. A new approach to incorporating fabric test data in structural analysis is proposed here: Use of direct correlation between pairs of stresses and strains. This avoids the inherent approximation in defining elastic constants or other parameters to quantify the fabric behaviour. A simple triangular interpolation scheme is recommended which is robust and avoids the risk of unreliable interpolation and extrapolation when using a functional representation of the data.

Design and analysis of fabric structures with the finite element method

The application of the finite element method for the design and analysis of fabric structures is discussed. The basic concepts are outlined, and illustrated with practical structures designed and analysed with the MARC General Purpose Finite Element Program. Difficulties associated with the strongly anisotropic nature of the fabric are considered and solutions to overcome these problems are offered.