Analysis Apparatus Research Articles

Maximizing the number of allowable approximation errors when building a linear regression model

Subject of research: errors in approximation of a linear regression model within the framework of a logical-algebraic approach to data analysis. Purpose of the study: to develop an algorithmic method for solving the problem of maximizing the number of permissible approximation errors using a linear-Boolean programming computer. Methods and objects of research: the object of research is a linear regression model, the methods are linear regression analysis and mathematical programming apparatus. Main results of the study: an algorithmic method is proposed for maximizing the number of permissible absolute and relative errors in approximation of a linear regression equation, which reduces to solving linear-Boolean programming problems of a dimension acceptable for practical situations. Solving generated problems of this type should not cause computational problems due to a significant number of effective software tools, for example, the LPsolve program, which is freely available on the Internet.

The development of a method for increasing the reliability of the assessment of the state of the object

The object of the research is assessment of object with different degrees of embeddedness. The subject of the research is the process of assessing the state of objects using the apparatus of neuro-fuzzy expert systems, the apparatus of relational analysis and bio-inspired algorithms. The problem that is solved in the research is to increase the reliability of the assessment of the objects state, regardless of the number of attachments. The originality of the research is that: – possibility of increasing the reliability of the object state assessment due to the parallel use of two bio-inspired algorithms; – taking into account the degree of awareness of the object state, due to the application of correction coefficients for the degree of awareness; – construction of both object and relational models, which allows to increase the reliability of assessment of the objects state; – possibility of combining the results of the work of bio-inspired algorithms, which makes it possible to mutually verify the correctness of the work of each of the algorithms; – universality of solving the task of assessing the state of objects with different degrees due to the hierarchical nature of their description; – possibility of simultaneously searching for a solution in different directions; – adequacy of the obtained results. An example of the use of the proposed method is presented on the example of solving the task of determining the composition of an operational group of troops (forces) and elements of its operational construction. The specified example showed an increase in the reliability of the assessment of the objects state by an average of 20 % due to the use of additional improved procedures. It is advisable to use the proposed method to solve the problems of assessing the state of multidimensional objects in conditions of uncertainty and risks, which are characterized by high requirements for the reliability of the information obtained

Identification of material by X-ray fluorescence analysis with a pyroelectric X-ray generator

By changing the temperature of Lithium Tantalate (LiTaO3) single crystal at moderate vacuum conditions leads to generation of strong electric field. The uncompensated polarization during the heating or cooling of the crystal causes the ejection of electrons from either the dielectric layer on the surface of the crystal or from a metal target depending on the polarity. The electrons are accelerated and gain energy of up to 100 keV. The energy of these electrons can be determined by measuring the end-point energy of the X-ray spectrum that resulted from the electron interactions with the target. The conception of a pyroelectric accelerator enabled us to develop compact (portable) electron source, which does not require an external high-voltage and the use of hazardous materials. The compact and portable nature of pyroelectric-driven particle sources holds significant promise for applications in materials science, particularly for materials analysis methodologies. The research demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the X-ray signal generated by irradiation with electrons to identify elements in each sample. It is revealed that employing only the electron beam enables the successful acquisition of quantitative information regarding the sample structure through pyroelectric driven PD-PIXE analysis. These findings set the stage for the development of a compact and versatile apparatus for elemental analysis of materials based on a pyroelectric source.

Electrogastrography measurement systems and analysis methods used in clinical practice and research: comprehensive review.

https://www.prisma-statement.org/.

Modified projection generalized two-point two-stage extragradient quasinewton method for saddle point problems

Abstract. The purpose of this work is to investigate a new method mentioned in the article’s name. This method is designed for solving saddle problems with convexo-concave differentiable function that is defined on a convex closed subset of some finite-dimensional euclidean space and has «ravine» level hypersurfaces. The paper contains a brief survey of native publications devoted to new projection gradient methods for solving saddle problems. A mathematical statement of a saddle problem, information about solution method, some auxiliary inequalities, and method’s convergence are discussed in the article as well. Moreover, iterative formulas are exemplified for another perspective saddle method for convexo-concave differentiable saddle functions, which may be validated as well as formulas proved in this work. New auxiliary inequalities complete mathematical apparatus of convex analysis for justification of convergence and rate of convergence and have value also for justification of another methods of operations research. By using obtained inequalities, convex analysis and numerical mathematics, convergence of the saddle method for convexo-concave smooth saddle functions with Lipschitz partial gradients is proved. Under supplementary conditions, for twice continuously differentiable saddle functions, superlinear and quadratic rate of convergence of saddle method are proved, too.

Features of Bearing on Underwater Object Using Phase Information of a Differential Stereo Sensor

Introduction. Safety of navigation and development of underwater mineral deposits require the accurate detection of various underwater objects. The literature discusses the issues of tracking their motion and trajectory. Sonar methods are proposed to maintain high accuracy of underwater object positioning. High accuracy of the bearing of stereo sensors with an ultrashort base is noted. However, this equipment is sensitive to the sampling rate of the signals, which causes “sampling noise”. There are no publicly available publications dedicated to the solution to this problem. The presented study is designed to fill this gap. This work is aimed to study the possibility of obtaining data clarifying information about the bearing of underwater objects through using the phase information about echoed probing signals and an additional procedure for resampling the source data.Materials and Methods. The location of the object was determined using the experimental complex for studying hydroacoustic sensors created by V.A. Shirokov and V.N. Milich at the Udmurt Federal Research Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A stereo sensor with a small base (30 mm) was used compared to the distance to the object (≈800–900 mm). Digital filtering methods and mathematical apparatus of correlation analysis of return hydroacoustic signals obtained by the phase method were used for data processing.Results. The results of comparing two methods for determining the bearing on an object are presented: by the difference in the time of arrival of the pulse-leading edges and by the maximum of the cross-correlation function (CCF). The change in bearing as the object moves, is graphically shown. The use of the leading edge of the signal caused small outliers of values along the entire bearing curve (less than 0.12 rad). At the maximum CCF, emissions were recorded only in some areas, but they were quite significant (about 0.17 rad). It showed how to select points corresponding to a smoother and more valid object trajectory, and how to work with erroneous points. The presented method of error correction can be implemented programmatically. With a quasi-harmonious signal, rare measurements of the original signal are interpolated by frequent calculated values. Thanks to this virtual increase in the sampling rate (oversampling), intermediate indicators can be recorded in the digitized source data. Interpolation of the signal values by a cubic spline allowed us to obtain 20 points for 1 period of the signal instead of 5 points in the original version. In this case, the trajectory formed with the maximum CCF is more correct.Discussion and Conclusion. The direction-finding problem can be solved with the accuracy required for practical application. Taking into account the factor of smoothness and continuity of the object's trajectory makes it possible to qualitatively correct the selection of the maximum of the cross-correlation function of the stereo sensor signals. The proposed methods have great potential for the development of underwater vision systems.

Закономерности проявления рудных систем в геохимических и геофизических полях на примере рудного поля Красивое Басугуньинского рудно-россыпного узла (Яно-Колымская металлогеническая система)

The article presents the results of geological and geophysical studies performed within the Krasivoye ore field, a part of the Basugunya ore-placer cluster in the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic system. A comprehensive approach to assessing the relationship of geochemical and geophysical anomalies with the geological structure of the area is described. The apparatus of geophysical data statistical analysis is used. A set of geological, geochemical, and geophysical indicators of potentially ore-localizing sites within the studied area is offered.

Application of regression analysis apparatus for processing the results obtained from ore processing by the centrifugal concentration method

Application of regression analysis apparatus for processing the results obtained from ore processing by the centrifugal concentration method

In vivo human knee varus-valgus loading apparatus for analysis of MRI-based intratissue strain and relaxometry

The diagnosis of early-stage osteoarthritis remains as an unmet challenge in medicine and a roadblock to evaluating the efficacy of disease-modifying treatments. Recent studies demonstrate that unique patterns of intratissue cartilage deformation under cyclic loading can serve as potential biomarkers to detect early disease pathogenesis. However, a workflow to obtain deformation, strain maps, and quantitative MRI metrics due to the loading of articular cartilage in vivo has not been fully developed. In this study, we characterize and demonstrate an apparatus that is capable of applying a varus-valgus load to the human knee in vivo within an MRI environment to enable the measurement of cartilage structure and mechanical function. The apparatus was first tested in a lab environment, then the functionality and utility of the apparatus were examined during varus loading in a clinical 3T MRI system for human imaging. We found that the device enables quantitative MRI metrics for biomechanics and relaxometry data acquisition during joint loading leading to compression of the medial knee compartment. Integration with spiral DENSE MRI during cyclic loading provided time-dependent displacement and strain maps within the tibiofemoral cartilage. The results from these procedures demonstrate that the performance of this loading apparatus meets the design criteria and enables a simple and practical workflow for future studies of clinical cohorts, and the identification and validation of imaging-based biomechanical biomarkers.

HARMONIC ANALYSISIN INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN LOGISTICSAND SUPPLY CHAINS

The article examines the possibilities of using harmonic analysis apparatus while planning the need in stocks of various categories. The issues of improving material planning (forecasting) are currently quite relevant applied tasks in business, and are also of interest in terms of developing the theory of logistics and supply chain management. Among the approaches to planning the need for inventory, a wide range of statistical theory methods are used in practice, among which two large groups can be distinguished, such as one-parameter time series analysis models for goods of stable and relatively stable demand, as well as correlation and regression models for chaotic consumption stocks. Most of the goods sold to end consumers have a seasonal component, which may not always be explicitly expressed in statistics. However, due to change of seasons, regular fluctuations in the values of consumption from the warehouse, around the average chronological or trend, may necessitate regular recalculation of the main parameters of inventory management models, such as maximum, insurance, threshold inventory levels, etc. In addition, sales statistics may contain fluctuations of a higher order if the stocks sold have life cycles of interest in goods on the market, which can also be attributed to periodic or quasi-periodic processes. One of the methods to formalize such cyclic processes can be trigonometric approximation or harmonic analysis, when the values of a time series are represented as terms of a Fourier series (harmonics) having corresponding amplitudes and phases. The article compares the effectiveness (accuracy) of forecasts of inventory requirements made using harmonic analysis and traditional time series extrapolation methods.

Комунікаційні стратегії в державному управлінні: стан реалізації та проблеми

The article defines the current state of implementation of communication strategies by public administration bodies in Ukraine and identifies systemic problems. An analysis of the positive aspects and shortcomings in the development and implementation of communication strategies in the field of public administration is provided, as well as the requirements and factors that have a more significant impact on the content of communication processes in public administration are determined. The favorable perception of the public sphere was influenced not only by the information space formed by the Ukrainian mass media and officials, but also by the informational messages of Russian propaganda. The author provides suggestions for improving the communication strategy in the public sphere. It was established that when developing communication strategies, public authorities should ensure the reduction of uncertainty and the risk of failure when making strategic management decisions. It was determined that the essence of the interaction of public authorities with target audiences is to ensure an effective state policy and adaptation of state reforms to possible future changes in the external environment. Achieving these tasks is possible by: increasing citizens’ trust in state institutions and improving their image; raising citizens’ awareness of the processes taking place in state institutions; ensuring active participation of citizens in the processes of making management decisions and establishing feedback; establishing cooperation with national and international mass media, it is emphasized that this is impossible without improving the public sector, strengthening the presence of public institutions at the international level, optimizing internal communication and information exchange in public institutions. The development of relations with the public as a new social institution for Ukrainian society, bodies of public authority and local self-government, that is, the creation of conditions for ensuring communication with the community and significant participation of the community in solving local problems, defining the conceptual apparatus, principles and rules of institutional analysis, and as well as identifying the rules used by local self-government bodies. Keywords: communications in public administration, information, strategic communications, communication risks, communication channels, communication policy, communication infrastructure.

Estimating the parameters of simple nested piecele-linear regression with a linear component

Subject of research: the problem of estimating the parameters of a simple nested piecewise linear regression with a linear component. Purpose of research: to apply an effective linear-Boolean programming apparatus to solve this problem. Methods and objects of research: the object of research is the minimization of approximation errors of simple nested piecewise linear regression with a linear component, methods – linear regression analysis and mathematical programming apparatus. Main results of research: an approach to determining parameter estimates for simple nested piecewise linear regression with a linear component is described using the least modulus method, which allows us to reduce this problem to a linear-Boolean programming problem. A numerical example has been solved.

Systematic analysis of the functional features of the information and analytical system of the professional development of the communicative culture of documents

The need for systematic analysis of information and analytical systems in the fields of knowledge education/pedagogical sciences, socio-behavioral sciences and culture and art has been updated. The conceptual-categorical apparatus of the system analysis of the functionality of the information-analytical system of the professional development of the communicative culture of document editors is singled out. The concept of "informational and analytical system" has been clarified, the definition of "informational and analytical system of higher education institutions" has been specified. The goal of formation and target tasks of the information and analytical system of higher education institutions, its structure and factors of regulation are disclosed, the structural components of the system are established. The methodical apparatus of the system approach in information-analytical activity and the subject area of research of the system analysis of the information-analytical system of the professional development of document editors have been clarified. The classification features of system-forming characteristics, which are the subject of system analysis, are singled out. A systematic approach was applied to determine the functional structure of the system. Management functions have been updated, classification features of management functionality have been highlighted. In the course of the system analysis, the functional features of the information- analytical system of professional training and development of the communicative culture of document editors were classified, namely the functions: law-enforcing legal protection of social guarantees of the national and global dimension; political- administrative by types and types of policies of different levels of management; socio-economic connection to ensure the effectiveness of the policy of sustainable development; cultural and artistic academic culture; supervisory sphere of technical regulation; serving from the service of legal and social protection of participants in educational and research processes.

Apparatus and methodology for smart trainer homologation analysis

Apparatus and methodology for smart trainer homologation analysis

Dc-Link Ripple Suppression of Cascaded H-Bridge Based MV Grid Emulator Apparatus for Analysis and Testing of Grid-Tied Converters in Distribution System

Dc-Link Ripple Suppression of Cascaded H-Bridge Based MV Grid Emulator Apparatus for Analysis and Testing of Grid-Tied Converters in Distribution System

Method of Localization of Spatiotemporal Patterns on the Time Sequence of Biomedical Images

A method has been developed for localizing spatiotemporal patterns observed in sequentially recorded biomedical images of laser scanning microscopy and reflecting the dynamics of the biological structures under study. By means of interpolation by radial basis functions of each individual image, a compact mathematical model of the space-time dynamics of the brightness function on a sequence of images is obtained. The subsequent localization of the structures of the sought-for dynamic patterns is carried out by means of the mathematical apparatus of singular spectral analysis. The results of experiments on optical visualization of the activity patterns of the olfactory bulb of a macrosmatic (rat) confirmed the efficiency of the developed method for localizing the reaction to biomarkers of human oncological diseases.

Online physics laboratory course: United Kingdom Professional Standards Framework perspective from Walailak University, Thailand

This paper describes a case study of an online physics laboratory course implemented for 254 engineering students at Walailak University in Thailand in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The laboratory sequence was designed based on the United Kingdom Professional Standards Framework and covered eight experiments on fundamental concepts of motion, electricity, waves, and fluid mechanics. The experiments were conducted at students' homes using physics education technology simulations, Tracker for video analysis, smartphones, and home-based apparatuses. During the experiments, students shared their progress with classmates and lecturers through screen sharing, which facilitated exchanges of ideas and difficulties. The paper discusses the successful implementation of the online laboratory course and the challenges encountered, such as student engagement, resource limitations, and practical skill development. The insights gained from this case study may be useful for online laboratory education beyond the pandemic.

Assessment of the level of energy security in the regions of the northwestern federal district under emergency conditions in the gas industry

The article presents an assessment of the level of energy security using the example of the subjects of the Russian Federation located in the territory of the Northwestern Federal District. The approach to the assessment is based on the use of the apparatus for monitoring and indicative analysis of energy security (ES), developed in the ISEM SB RAS. An assessment of the level of ES in the regions is carried out based on modeling the situation with the cessation of operation of the most important facilities of the gas industry, and an analysis of the dynamics, scale and trends in the change in the state of the level of ES when modeling the situation using peak UGS facilities provided for by the General Scheme for the Development of the Gas Industry for the Period up to 2030, for the analyzed subjects of the Russian Federation.

Digital microfluidics with distance-based detection - a new approach for nucleic acid diagnostics.

There is great enthusiasm for using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests (POC NAATs), as an alternative to PCR. While isothermal amplification techniques like LAMP eliminate the need for rapid temperature cycling in a portable format, these systems are still plagued by requirements for dedicated optical detection apparatus for analysis and manual off-chip sample processing. Here, we developed a new microfluidic system for LAMP-based POC NAATs to address these limitations. The new system combines digital microfluidics (DMF) with distance-based detection (DBD) for direct signal readout. This is the first report of the use of (i) LAMP or (ii) DMF with DBD - thus, we describe a number of characterization steps taken to determine optimal combinations of reagents, materials, and processes for reliable operation. For example, DBD was found to be quite sensitive to background signals from low molecular weight LAMP products; thus, a Capto™ adhere bead-based clean-up procedure was developed to isolate the desirable high-molecular-weight products for analysis. The new method was validated by application to detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. The method was able to distinguish between saliva containing no virus, saliva containing a low viral load (104 genome copies per mL), and saliva containing a high viral load (108 copies per mL), all in an automated system that does not require detection apparatus for analysis. We propose that the combination of DMF with distance-based detection may be a powerful one for implementing a variety of POC NAATs or for other applications in the future.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF FINANCIAL PROCESSES IN JSC «UKRSIBBANK» AND JSC «PRIVATBANK» USING METHODS OF MODELING ECONOMIC DYNAMICS

Objective. The objective of the present article is to conduct a comparative analysis of the stability of financial processes in JSC «Ukrsibbank» and JSC «PrivatBank» using methods of modeling economic dynamics. Methods. The following methods were used to analyze the areas of application of economic dynamics modeling methods to compare the stability of financial processes in JSC «Ukrsibbank» and JSC «PrivatBank»: the basics of the mathematical apparatus for the analysis of transient processes, correlation and autocorrelation analysis, the methodology for determining the coefficients of impulse-transitional and transient functions, methods of constructing differential models, Laplace transformation and obtaining transition functions, the basics of mathematics of imaginary quantities, methods of obtaining amplitude-phase and frequency characteristics of the object under study, methods of stability analysis of controlled dynamic processes. Results. According to the results of a comparative analysis of the stability of financial processes in JSC «Ukrsibbank» and JSC «PrivatBank», it was established that the impulse-transitional and transitional functions for JSC «PrivatBank» have a more pronounced oscillatory character, which indicates a greater level of seasonality and cyclicality of financial processes in this particular bank, in addition, it reaches higher absolute values, which indicates a greater effect of the multiplier of investments for obtaining income of this bank. It is substantiated that since the line of the amplitude-phase-frequency characteristic for both banks does not cover the point (-1;0), this indicates the stability of the studied profit-making processes and their ability to self-leveling in the event of random disturbances and force majeure circumstances. On the basis of the schedule of amplitude-phase-frequency characteristic for PrivatBank JSC, it was determined that for this bank there is a certain limit of minimum values, below which the change of the investigated influential variables (the size of the loan portfolio, the total volume of contributions and deposits of individuals) does not affect the change in net profit. For JSC «Ukrsibbank» there is no such limit at any minimum values of the selected influential variables. The expediency of applying the mathematical apparatus of analysis of transient processes (in particular, construction of a differential model, transfer, impulse transient and transient function) for researching the process of obtaining a bank's net profit depending on the dynamic changes of its other financial indicators is substantiated. By constructing the amplitude-phase-frequency characteristic of the simulated transient process of changes in bank profit, the stability of the studied process was assessed and it was determined to what extent the existing dependence between the dynamic states of the net profit indicator is resistant to external disturbances and force majeure circumstances.