Analgesic Effect Of Aqueous Extract Research Articles

Coagulation and analgesic effects of aqueous extract of peanut shells on mice

Coagulation and analgesic effects of aqueous extract of peanut shells on mice

A study of the analgesic effect of aqueous extract of the whole plant of ageratum conyzoides Linn. in experiments on animal models

A study of the analgesic effects of aqueous extract of the whole Ageratum conyzoides (AC) plant in suitable experimental animal models. The whole plant of Ageratum conyzoides was extracted with distilled water using Soxhlet apparatus. The extract thus obtained was then screened for analgesic activity using the tail-flick and writhing methods in albino rats and albino mice respectively. The plant’s aqueous extract had produced significant increases in the reaction times at 30, 60 and 120 minutes as compared to respective controls in albino rats (pAgeratum conyzoides plant. However, the study found that the extract was less effective than the standard drug (Aspirin) used. Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides (AC), Analgesic, Flick, Pethidine, Writhing, Aspirin.

Phytochemical Screening, Antidepressant and Analgesic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Anethum graveolens L. From Southeast of Morocco.

This study aims to investigate the antidepressant and analgesic properties of the aqueous extract of Anethum graveolens L. from South of Morocco (Rissani-Errachidia region). Extract of plant is obtained by aqueous decoction and administered to Wistar rats orally. The extract has a significant antidepressant and analgesic effects compared with the drug references (sertraline and tramadol) without any adverse effects. The dose of 250 mg/kg, body weight shows the best antidepressant and analgesic effects than 1 g/kg, body weight. Phytochemical study of the aqueous extract of the plant has to show its highlight in polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins.

Analgesic activity of the fractions of the aqueous extract of Ximenia Americana (Linné) (Olacaceae)

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">This work is the continuation of previous work, during which we investigated the analgesic effects of aqueous extract of <em>Ximenia americana</em> in rats and mice. This work has shown the analgesic action of the aqueous extract of <em>Ximenia americana</em>, effect which seems be due to flavonoids and saponins contained in this total extract. We undertook the fractionation of the crude extract of <em>Ximenia americana</em>, to verify the assumption that the analgesic effect of the aqueous extract from <em>Ximenia americana</em> is due to flavonoids and saponins. To do this we used the fractionation method developed by wagner. This method gave us 6 fractions; we tested on rats and mice. The use of reference molecules such as morphine and phenylbutazone showed the analgesic properties of fractions F2, F4, F6 of the aqueous extract of <em>Ximenia americana</em>.</span></p><p class="IJOPCMTitle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Analgesic activity of the fractions of the aqueous extract of</span></p><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Batang; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> <em>Ximenia Americana</em> (Linné) (Olacaceae)</span>

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF TITHONIA DIVERSIFOLIA IN RODENTS

This study was carried out to assess the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potentials of aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia leaves in laboratory animals. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous extract of T. diversifolia leaves in laboratory animals were determined using carrageenan induced acute oedema model in rats, thermal and acetic-acid induced writhing tests were assessed in mice. Potentials of aqueous extracts of Tithonia diversifolia leaves at 400 mg/kg was assessed in rats and mice, which were compared with controls; a negative control given 10ml/kg distilled water, positive control groups administered with Indomethacin, aspirin, paracetamol and morphine. The mean percentage inhibition of increase in paw volume was highest in rats to which indomethacin was administered (85.65%), followed by rats administered aspirin (68.40%) which was comparable with that of rats dosed with 400mg/kg of Tithonia diversifolia leave extract (63.79 %). Also, extract increased significantly (P<0.05) the reaction time in the hot plate test (25.18 a¤iÞ 0.7*) /s and the percentage inhibition of writhing of (43.92%) was significant at (P<0.05) in groups dosed with the extract and highly comparable with the performance of paracetamol (49.64%) a standard analgesic agent. The study established the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Tithonia diversifolia aqueous leaf extract.

Antinociceptive Effect of Aqueous Extract of Origanum vulgare L. in Male Rats: Possible Involvement of the GABAergic System.

The objective of the present investigation was to assess the possible involvement of GABAergic mechanism in analgesic effect of aqueous extract of Origanum Vulgare (ORG) in a rat model of acute pain test. Sixty-three anaesthetized male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were cannulated into the left ventricle. Five to seven days after the recovery from surgery, ORG extract was intraventricularly injected at dose of 3 μg/rat i.c.v. Then, baclofen (10 mg/Kg, IP), CGP35348 (100 nmol/Kg, i.c.v), muscimol (1 mg/Kg IP) and bicuculline (5 mg/Kg IP) were separately injected 20 min before the injection of ORG. The experimental groups were compared with intact (control) group (n = 7). The response latency of rats to thermal stimulation was recorded using Tail-Flick test. Injection of ORG extract resulted in a significant and dose-dependent increase in the response latency. There was also a significant increase in the response latency after co-administration of ORG extract with baclofen when compared with control group. However, following co-administration of ORG extract/bicuculline, a significant decrease in the response latency was observed compared to control group. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. viridis possesses antinociceptive activity in a dose-dependent manner and ORG-induced antinociception might be mediated, at least in part, by both GABA receptors.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of aqueous extract obtained from root powder of Inula racemosa Hook. f.

Root extract of Inula racemosa is widely used in Ayurvedic and folk medicine. Particularly in China and India, it is used for treating human diseases including cardiovascular, inflammation and abdominal pain. However, the root extracts are not scientifically investigated. This study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of aqueous extract obtained from root powder of I. racemosa along with screening of secondary metabolites. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in carrageenan induced rat paw edema model. The analgesic effect was measured in mice using acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail-immersion test. The treatment regime consisted of distilled water for Group I as control and three doses of aqueous extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and standard drugs, indomethacin (10 mg/kg) or aspirin (100 mg/kg) for the Groups, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively, fed orally. Respective groups were injected carrageenan or acetic acid and their endpoints was measured based on time periods. Saponins, terpenes, phenolics, flavonoids and glycosides were detected in aqueous extract. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of aqueous extract were found to be highest at 60 and 63%, respectively, at the dose of 400 mg/kg and comparable to the respective standard drugs. The aqueous extract effect in tail immersion test was also found to be dose dependent. The effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of aqueous extract of I. racemosa positively correlate with respect to their dose.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract of the stem bark of Allanblackia gabonensis (Guttiferae)

Allanblackia gabonensis (Guttiferae) is a plant used in the African traditional medicine as remedies against pain, rheumatism, inflammations. In the present work, the analgesic effect of aqueous extract has been evaluated using acetic acid, formalin, hot-plate test, tail immersion and paw-pressure test. The anti-inflammatory effect of this extract was also investigated on carrageenan, histamine or serotonin induced by paw oedema. Aqueous extract of stem bark of A. gabonensis administrated p.o. showed significant activity against paw oedema induced by carrageenan, with a maximum percentage of inhibition reaching the 74.01% at the preventive test at a dose of 200 mg/kg. A. gabonensis exhibited a significant reduction of paw oedema induced by both histamine and serotonin with a maximal inhibition of 56.94% (200 mg/kg) and 40.83% (100 mg/kg), respectively. It showed significant protective effects against chemical stimuli (acetic acid and formalin) in the mouse. Administered orally at the doses of 100-400 mg/kg, exhibited protective effect of at least 69.78% on the pain induced by acetic acid and also reduced first (67.18% at 200 mg/kg) and second (83.87% at 400 mg/kg) phase of pain-induced par formalin. It also produced a significant increase of the threshold of sensitivity to pressure and hot plate-induced pain in the rats. These results suggest a peripheral and central analgesic activities as well as an anti-inflammatory effect of the stem bark of A. gabonensis.

Analgesic effect of aqueous extract of Olea europaea L. in experimental models of pain in male rat

The medicinal plant Olea europaea L. is a valuable one whose fruit and its oil are considered as food. There are some reports in ancient medical literature that aqueous extract of its leaves has analgesic effects. This prompted us to investigate the analgesic effect of aqueous extract of its leaves using formalin and tail-flick tests. For this purpose, male NMRI rats weighting 220-260 g were used in all experiments. The aqueous extract of this plant was intraperitoneally injected at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. In this study, sodium salicylate (300 mg/kg) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls respectively. The results obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer tests. Our data showed that intraperitoneal injection of aqueous extract of the leaves of this plant (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) produces a significant analgesia in both phases of the formalin test (P

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflamatory activity of olive fruit extract

In Iranian traditional medicine, olive has been reported to have analgesic and anti-inflamatory effects. In the present study the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflamatory effects of olive fruit has been studied. In this study the methanolic and aqueous extract of the fruit with HER (Herbal to Extract Ratio) of 4.96% and 4.84% has been used and analgesic effect of this extract has been compared with a non-steroid analgesic, sodium salicylate, effect. Formalin test was employed in order to evaluate the effect of olive extract on chronic and acute pain. For evaluating the anti-inflamatory effect, the paw inflamation model was used. All experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. The aqueous extract of olive fruit at 450 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg doses and methanolic extract at 600 mg/kg doses had significant effect on chronic pain and none of these extracts had any effect on acute pain. The induced analgesia by extract of the fruit is not mediated by the opioid system, because naloxone did not reverse the analgesic effect of aqueous extract. Aqueous extract of olive fruit at 600 mg/kg dose has significant anti-inflammatory effect. Comparing the analgesic activity of the aqueous extract of olive fruit with sodium salicylate showed that this extract is half as potent as sodium salicylate. Olea europea fruit possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects in the chronic pain. It's anti-nociceptive effects is comparable to those of salicylates. The anti-nociceptive effect obtained from the extract is not conducted via the opioid receptors and most probably, other mechanisms including the biosynthetic prostaglandins pathways are involved. Since the olive plant contains flavonoids, which have cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitory effects, the anti-inflamatory effects of the extracts are suggested to be due to the presence of flavonoids.

Evaluation of the Analgesic Effect of Aqueous Extract of Brugmansia suaveolens Flower in Mice: Possible Mechanism Involved

The study was conducted to test the aqueous extract of Brugmansia suaveolens (AEBs) flowers for their antinociceptive effects in mice. In the hot plate test, a significant increase in reaction time for two doses of AEBs at 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after treatment was noted. Pretreatment of animals with naloxone (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [IP]) left the antinociceptive effect of AEBs at a dose of 100 mg/kg unaffected at 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after treatment and at a dose of 300 mg/kg at 30 min but not at 90, 120, and 150 min. In the writhing test, the AEBs significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and was equally potent at both doses. Pretreatment with naloxone (5 mg/kg, IP) left the antinociceptive effect of both doses of AEBs unaffected. Pretreatment with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 20 mg/kg, IP) caused a significant change in the number of abdominal constrictions but did not change the antinociceptive effect of AEBs. Pretreatment of animals with methylene blue also did not change the effect of AEBs on the number of writhing movements in mice. Flumazenil (5 mg/kg, IP) antagonized the antinociceptive effects of diazepam and also reversed the antinociceptive effect of AEBs. AEBs showed a depressant effect on the central nervous system, and the treatment of mice with pentobarbital combined with AEBs increased the animals' sleeping time in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the antinociceptive activity of AEBs may be related in part to benzodiazepine receptors, although peripheral mechanisms cannot be excluded.