Anemia Group Research Articles

Anti-Anaemic And Hepato–Renal Activities Of Ethanol Leaf Extract Of Alchornea Cordifolia In Phenyl Hydrazine Induced-Anaemic Wistar Rats

The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Alchornea cordifolia on some biochemical parameters in phenyl hydrazine-induced anaemic Wistar rats was studied. A total of thirty-six (36) Wistar rats weighing 95-200 g were selected for this study and randomly divided into six groups of six animals per group. Group A (normal control), group B (negative or anaemic) control, group C (standard), group D, E and F (treated groups). Animals in groups B, C, D, E and F were induced with anaemia via intraperitoneal (I.P.) injection of 10mg/kg body weight phenyl hydrazine (PHZ) for 3 days and group A received distilled water in place of the PHZ for the same duration. After the induction, group A and B rats received oral administration 0.9w/v normal saline solution while groups C, D, E and F received oral administration of enzoron (10mg/kg.bwt), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg.bwt of extract respectively for 14 days. The percentage yield of the extract was determined to be 18%. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates, protein, alkaloids, phytosterols, phynols, flavonoids and glycosides at varying concentrations.A dose of 5000mg/kg. bwt was found to be safe in the LD50 study of the extract. The oral administration of the extract showed a significantly (p<0.05) level of total protein (TP) ,packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (RBCs) of the animals in treated groups compared to those of the animals in anaemic groups.The aspartate transaminase (AST),alanine transaminase (ALT)and total bilirubin (TB)were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in the extract treated groups than in the anaemic non-treated groups. There was a no-significant decrease (p>0.05) in the serum urea, creatinine, Na+ ,K+ and ,Cl­- of animals in the extract treated groups when compared to both the normal and standard control . The histology of the spleen revealed the regeneration of damaged cells in extract treated groups unlike that of the anaemic non-treated groups which showed distorted architecture. The study suggests that treatment with Achornea cordifolia leaf extract in phenyl hydrazine induced anaemia enhances anti- anaemic and hepatoprotective effect possibly due to both its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Preoperative anemia and deep vein thrombosis in patients with perioperative bone trauma: a cohort study

BackgroundIn current active prevention (including physical and drug prevention), the incidence of perioperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities remains high in patients with bone trauma. Risk factors need to be further optimized, and high-risk patients must be identified early. Preoperative comorbidities, especially preoperative anemia, and DVT in patients with perioperative bone trauma are not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore the causal relationship between preoperative anemia and DVT in patients with perioperative bone trauma, and further reduce the incidence of DVT in patients with bone trauma.ObjectivesTo analyze the relationship between preoperative anemia and perioperative DVT in patients with femoral and pelvic fractures and provide a reference for the optimization of risk factors for DVT.MethodsThe clinical data of 1049 patients with femoral and pelvic fractures who received surgical treatment from May 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for the covariates of DVT. Modified Poisson regression was used to analyze the relationship between preoperative anemia and DVT.ResultsAfter matching 1:1 propensity scores in 1049 patients included in this study, there were 258 patients in the anemic and non-anemic groups. Preoperative anemia was statistically significant for the formation of DVT in patients with perioperative bone trauma (P = 0.000, RR = 1.567 [95% CI 1.217–2.017]). This conclusion remained true after PSM (P = 0.009, RR = 1.500 [95% CI 1.105–2.036]). Preoperative anemia has some predictive value for perioperative DVT, with DVT-associated preoperative anemia thresholds of 125 g/L and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.5877 (95% CI 0.5345 to 0.6408). On this basis, sensitivity and specificity were 89.2 and 30.3%, respectively, with a Youden index of 0.195. In addition, we conducted an E-value determination of the propensity score; the E-value analysis showed robustness to unmeasured confounding.ConclusionsPreoperative anemia is highly correlated with perioperative DVT in patients with bone trauma, which is the cause of perioperative DVT in these patients.

Association of anaemia with long-term mortality among patients with hypertensive crisis in the emergency department

Background Anaemia is frequent in patients with cardiovascular disease and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. However, the prognostic significance of anaemia in hypertensive crisis remains unknown. We conducted this study to determine whether anaemia is a risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis visiting the emergency department (ED). Methods This retrospective study included patients who visited the ED between 2016 and 2019 for hypertensive crisis, which was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg. A total of 5,512 patients whose serum haemoglobin levels were checked were included in this study and were classified into three groups according to their serum haemoglobin levels at admission to the ED: moderate/severe anaemia (haemoglobin <11 g/dL), mild anaemia (haemoglobin 11 to <13 g/dL in men and 11 to <12 g/dL in women), and non-anaemia (haemoglobin ≥13 g/dL in men and ≥12 g/dL in women). Results Among 5,512 patients, 665 (12.1%) and 668 (12.1%) were classified into the moderate/severe anaemia and mild anaemia groups, respectively. The three-year all-cause mortality rates in the moderate/severe anaemia, mild anaemia, and non-anaemia groups were 46.0, 29.2, and 12.0%, respectively. After accounting for relevant covariates, patients with moderate/severe anaemia group (hazard ratio [HR], 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75–2.64) and mild anaemia group (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07–1.63) had a higher risk of 3-year all-cause mortality than the non-anaemia group. Conclusion Anaemia is independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis. A comprehensive therapeutic approach through more in-depth examination and close follow up are required for patients with hypertensive crisis with anaemia. KEY MESSAGES Anaemia is independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis. A comprehensive therapeutic approach through more in-depth examination and close follow up are required for patients with hypertensive crisis with anaemia.

Verification of the impact of the improvement and worsening of anemia after discharge of heart failure on cardiorenal nutrition and the prognosis of HFpEF from the PURSUIT-HFpEF registry

Abstract Background Anemia has been reported as poor prognostic factor on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in past reports. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the improvement or worsening of anemia from discharge of heart failure to 1 year after discharge on the prognosis of HFpEF and evaluate the effects of those changes on cardiorenal nutrition. Objective The subjects were 547 PURSUIT-HFpEF enrolled patients whose hemoglobin (Hb) and Controlling Nutrition Status (CONUT) were evaluated both at discharge and 1 year after discharge. Method First, 547 cases were divided into two groups, anemia (n=218) and non anemia (n=329), by Hb at discharge. Next, the anemia group (n=218) at discharge was divided into anemia group (G1, n=113) and non anemia group (G2, n=105) by Hb at 1 year later. Similarly, the non anemia group (n=329) at discharge was divided into anemia group (G3, n=66) and no anemia group (G4, n=263). Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE) was defined as composite of all-cause death, heart failure readmission, and cerebrovascular events. Anemia was defined as Hb &amp;lt;11.0 g/dl based on the ROC curve that predicted MACE by Hb. We examined incidence rate of MACE between G1 and G2 and between G3 and G4 and examined changes in eGFR, NT-proBNP, CONUT and CRP at discharge and at 1 year later in each group. Result All-cause death was significantly higher in G1 maintained with anemia than in G2 with improved anemia (G1: 28.3%, G2: 13.3%, p=0.0078), but there was no significant difference in MACE and heart failure readmission. MACE, all-cause death and heart failure readmission were significantly higher in G3 with worsened anemia than in G4 maintained without anemia (MACE; G3: 54.5%, G4: 32.3%, p=0.0010, All-cause mortality; G3: 24.2%, G4: 9.1%, p=0.0024, Heart failure readmission; G3: 45.5%, G4: 24.3%, p=0.0012). In G2 with improved anemia, CONUT significantly decreased (4.3±2.1 → 1.8±1.4, p&amp;lt;0.001)and CRP significantly decreased (1.01±1.63 mg/dl → 0.33±0.69 mg/dl, p&amp;lt;0.001). In G2, ΔCONUT and ΔCRP were significantly greater than those in G4 maintained without anemia (ΔCONUT; G2: −2.5±2.1, G4: −0.9±1.9, p&amp;lt;0.001, ΔCRP; G2: −0.68±1.77mg/dl, G4: −0.11±1.58 mg/dl, p=0.0027). In G3 with worsened anemia, eGFR, NT-proBNP, CONUT and CRP did not show significant change. In multivariate analysis of data at discharge, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) score were independent predictor of worsening of anemia at 1 year later (the adjusted hazard ratio 1.07, 95% confidential interval 1.00–1.13, p=0.0426). Conclusion Post-discharge anemia management might be important to prevent worsening of the prognosis of HFpEF. The improvement of anemia after discharge of heart failure was accompanied by that of nutritional status and inflammation. The worsening of anemia after discharge might be associated with the SDS score at discharge. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

A prospective study on prevalence of thalassemic gene disorder and hemoglobinopathies in pregnancy: Antenatal and intranatal outcome in a hospital-based population of Eastern India

Background: Thalassemia syndromes are autosomal recessive disorders and the most commonly inherited hemoglobinopathies in the world. Among these, β-thalassemia is the most common type of thalassemia in Eastern India and in West Bengal. Thalassemic mothers are more predisposed to maternal complications such as hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and adverse neonatal outcome in terms of low birth weight, prematurity, etc. This study was to assess the effect of thalassemia gene disorder and hemoglobinopathies (thal-hbpathy) on fetomaternal health. Aims and Objectives: This study was done to evaluate the effect of thal-hbpathy on fetomaternal health and to compare their antenatal, intranatal outcome with control unaffected mothers, and with anaemic non-thalassemic mothers. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and observational study of 150 women who attended tertiary care hospital during 18 months, fulfilling pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All women were evaluated during antenatal and intranatal period. Observations were recorded and interpreted. Results: Among 150 participants, 80(53.3%) were having normal hemoglobin (Hb) level and normal hemoglobin high performance liquid chromatography(Hb-HPLC), 54(36.7%) had anemia (Hb &lt;10.9g/dl) with normal Hb pattern on HPLC, and 16(10.66%) had thal-hbpathy. Hb-HPLC revealed β-thalassemia trait in 7.3%, E β-thalassemia trait in 0.7%, whereas HbE heterozygous 2.7% in our study population. Majority (15/16) of thal-hbpathy patients were anemic. Oligo-hydramnios was detected in 18.7% of thalassemic women as compared to anemic (3.7%) and normal group (3.7%), which were significant. Obstetric cholestasis (OC) 12.5%(2/16) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) were observed in thal-hbpathy group antenatal patients which were statistically significant P&lt;0.05. Conclusion: Overall prevalence of thalassemia was 10.7%. The important fetomaternal complications observed were prematurity, IUGR, OC, oligohydramnios, OC(PIH), and GDM.

Effect of Negative Regulation of LncRNA XIST to MiR-196b on the Biological Behavior of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells KG1a

To investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells KG1a. Forty-one patients with acute myeloid leukemia from January 2017 to May 2019 treated in Beijing Aerospace Center Hospital were collected, as well as 20 patients who conformed to the international standard of iron deficiency anemia as control group. KG1a cells were divided into pcDNA group, pcDNA-XIST group, pcDNA-XIST+miR-NC group, and pcDNA-XIST+miR-196b group. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expressions of XIST and miR-196b, CCK-8 was used to detect cell activity, flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis, Western blot method was used to detect the protein expressions of cleaved-caspase3, pro-caspase3, Bax, and Bcl-2, and dual luciferase report experiment was used to detect the targeting relationship between XIST and miR-196b. The expression level of lncRNA XIST in bone marrow cells in the AML group was significantly lower than that in the iron deficiency anemia group (P<0.001). Compared with pcDNA group, the expression level of lncRNA XIST, proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase, apoptosis rate, and the expression levels of cleaved-caspase3 and Bax in the pcDNA-XIST group of KG1a cells were significantly increased (all P<0.001), while the expression level of miR-196b, cell viability, the proportion of S-phase cells, and the expression levels of pro-caspase3 and Bcl-2 were significantly decreased (all P<0.001). Compared with pcDNA-XIST group, the cell activity, proportion of S-phase cells, and the expression levels of pro-caspase3 and Bcl-2 in the pcDNA-XIST+miR-196b group were significantly increased (all P<0.001), while the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis rate, and the expression levels of cleaved-caspase3 and Bax decreased (all P<0.001). Overexpression of lncRNA XIST can inhibit the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells KG1a and promote apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of miR-196b.

COVID-19 Hastalarında Hemoglobin Seviyeleri ve Yoğun Bakım Mortalitesi Arasındaki İlişki

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether hemoglobin levels in COVID-19 patients can serve as a valuable predictor of mortality.&#x0D; Material and Method: This retrospective study included 156 COVID-19 cases who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), demographic characteristics, clinical data, and laboratory findings were recorded.&#x0D; Results: There are no significant differences in mean age, gender ratio, comorbidities, symptoms, mean APACHE-2, and SOFA values upon admission observed between the anemic and normal groups. The normal hemoglobin (Hgb) group’s mean lymphocyte and lactate values were statistically high(p

Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women

Aim: To determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Punjab. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad from 1st October 2021 to 31st March 2022. Methodology: One hundred and fifty pregnant females were enrolled, clinically assessed for their anemic status and were divided into two groups in reference to suspicion of anemia. Group A had those pregnant females who were suspected for anemia while group B were with no suspicion of anemia. Both Group A and Group B had 75 pregnant females. The complete blood count and serum analysis of ferritin, iron and folic acid was performed in each patient after withdrawal of 5cc blood. The demographic details of each patient as well as dietary habits in context of meat, fruit and vegetables from last month were also documented. Results: There were 37.3% pregnant females within suspected anemia group while 36% pregnant females in no suspected anemia group. The frequency of abortion was higher in group A than B with an odds ration as 1.17-1.18. There were more over weight and obese women in suspected anemia Group A while under-weight were more common in Group B. Pregnant females in Group A were consuming less amount of meat, fruit and vegetables than females in group B. The suspected anemia pregnant females blood analysis reports showed 74.6% been iron deficient in comparison with 41.3% non-suspected pregnant females Conclusion: Anemia was prevalent in both suspected and unsuspected group and 75% of the suspected anemia group were also iron deficient. Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia, Pregnancy, Hemoglobin, Incidence, Developing countries

Maternal anemia and long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring-Results of a population-based cohort.

To evaluate the association between prenatal maternal anemia (hemoglobin, Hb < 11g/dl) and long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring. A retrospective population-based cohort analysis was performed at a single tertiary medical center. We include all singletons born between 1991-2014 and discharged alive. Offspring with congenital malformations were excluded. The 3 study groups were defined on maternal Hb levels on discharge: severe anemia (< 7.0g/dl), mild to moderate anemia (7.0-11.0g/dl) and unexposed (≥ 11.0g/dl). Offspring respiratory morbidity was predefined on ICD-9 codes and recruited from the hospitalized medical records. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was formed to compare the cumulative hospitalization and a multivariable Cox survival analysis was used to control for cofounders (gestational age, maternal age, diabetes, hypertensive disorders, post-partum hemorrhage and transfusion of blood products). 214,305 deliveries met the inclusion criteria: 807 (0.3%) mothers had severe anemia, 105,196 (49.1%) mothers had mild-moderate anemia, and the remaining were not anemic (108,302, 50.5%). Respiratory hospitalization was significantly higher among the offspring born to anemic mothers (6.2%; 5.3% and 5.1%; p = 0.020, in the study groups). However, association between maternal anemia and respiratory-related hospitalization remained significant only among the mild-moderate anemic group (adjusted Cox hazard ratio = 1.1; 95% CI 1.05-1.14; p < 0.01). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significant higher total respiratory hospitalizations in offspring according to maternal anemia status (Log Rank p-value = < .001). Maternal anemia was associated with long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring.

Antianaemic property of Ficus capensis leaves and its combination with Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves in phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats

Introduction: Anemia is a common health condition caused by a decrease in red blood cells. Some medicinal plants are used as a remedy to treat anemia. This study compares the anti-anemic properties of different doses of the aqueous extracts of Ficus capensis (AEFC) and its combination with the aqueous extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (AECA) in phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats. Methods: Anemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg phenylhydrazine for five consecutive days. Graded doses of the extracts were given by oral gavage once a day continuously for 30 days. At the end of the treatment, blood was collected for hematological analysis. Results: The antianemic effects of AEFC and its combination with AECA were demonstrated by significant increases (P &lt; 0.05) in the hemoglobin (HGB), packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count of the extract-treated groups compared to the anemic control group. There was a better increase in the HGB levels of a combination of 400 mg/kg AEFC + AECA (13.97 ± 2.53) compared to 400 mg/kg AEFC (12.06 ± 0.02). The PCV increased more in 400 mg/kg combination of AEFC + AECA (41.94 ± 0.37) compared to 400 mg/kg AEFC (36.31 ± 1.51). A significant (P &lt; 0.05) increase was observed in the RBC count of a combination of 400 mg/kg AEFC + AECA (6.36±0.51) compared to 400 mg/kg AEFC (4.75 ± 0.46). Conclusion: Although AEFC improved the haematological parameters of the animals when administered alone, its combination with AECA yielded a far much better result by totally restoring the haematological parameters of the phenylhydrazine-induced anemic rats to normal.

Protective effects of an ethanolic leaf extract from Ficus capensis against Phenylhydrazine induced anaemia in Wistar rats

Introduction: Ficus capensis has been used in traditional medicine to treat anaemia, tuberculosis, convulsion, pains, wounds, respiratory disorders, and other health challenges. This study investigated the effect of F. capensis ethanolic leaf extract in phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia in Wistar rats. Methods: Induction of anaemia was done by intraperitoneal administration of PHZ (40 mg/kg for 48 hours). A normal group and an anaemic group were treated daily with a single dose of 20 mL/kg of distilled water and considered as control and anaemic (non-treated) groups. Then, the remaining groups were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of ethanol extract of F. capensis leaves for 21 days, respectively. Blood samples from the rats were run in three batches of baseline, post anaemia induction, and post-treatment. Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity tests of the extract were also carried out following standard procedures. Results: The results showed a consistent significant increase in haematological parameters among various experimental groups. Haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values of treated rats were significantly increased compared to the anaemic control. The secondary metabolites of leaf extract were alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, phenols, and reducing sugar, while the acute toxicity test was found to be non-toxic at 5000 mg/kg in rats. Conclusion: The ethanol leaf extract of F. capensis might provide an alternative cure for anaemia and boosts blood count.

Anaemia can be improved by controlling the disease activity of Takayasu's arteritis without iron administration.

Anaemia is a common clinical manifestation observed in Takayasu's arteritis (TAK), but few studies have been conducted. This study investigated whether improvement of inflammatory indicators was associated with improvement of anaemia in TAK. We also investigated whether iron supplement treatment could benefit in addition to immunosuppressant therapy in the anaemia patients with TAK. This was a retrospective cohort study of 160 patients diagnosed with TAK. All patients were further assigned into anaemia group (67 cases) or non-anaemia group (93 cases) according to their haemoglobin levels. Fifty two anaemia patients completed follow-up (median 5.2months). There were 67 (41.88%) anaemia patients among all 160 TAK patients. Compared to TAK patients without anaemia, the average age [32 (24, 45) vs. 40 (31, 48), p=0.002], disease duration [36 (7, 120) vs. 72 (14, 162), p=0.017] and BMI [21.43 (18.96, 23.81) vs. 22.86 (20.09, 25.81), p=0.008] were significantly lower in TAK patients with anaemia. The levels of ESR [23 (15, 51) vs. 11 (5.5, 22), p=0.0001] and CRP [9.33 (1.99, 27.8) vs. 1.99 (0.45, 6.68), p=0.0001] were significantly increased in TAK patients who complicated with anaemia. After follow-up, decrease of ESR, CRP and disease activity score (NIH and ITAS) were significantly associated with improvement of anaemia. One unit decrease of ESR and CRP, the hazard ratio of the improvement rate of anaemia was 1.02 [95% CI (1.00, 1.03); p=0.027] and 1.04 [95% CI (1.02, 1.07); p < 0.001] respectively. One point decrease of NIH and ITAS-A was associated with a higher probability of anaemia improvement [HR 95% CI: 1.25 (1.02, 1.41), p=0.022, HR 95% CI: 1.62 (1.21, 2.17), p=0.001]. These relationships were consistent between iron supplement treatment group and without iron supplement treatment group. We found no significant difference in cumulative hazard between the two groups (p=0.692). Anaemia was a common complication in TAK. Decrease of ESR, CRP and disease activity score (NIH and ITAS) were significantly associated with improvement of anaemia, even after adjusting for various covariates. Moreover, these relationships were consistent between iron supplement treatment group and without iron supplement treatment group. There was no significant difference in the improvement of anaemia in patients receiving immunosuppressant therapy with or without iron supplement treatment.

Association between periodontal inflamed surface area and serum acute phase biomarkers in patients with sickle cell anemia

ObjectivesThe aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and serum inflammatory biomarkers in patients with sickle cell anemia. DesignPatients with sickle cell anemia (n = 80) and systemically healthy individuals (n = 80) were enrolled in the study. Crisis episodes were recorded and blood samples were collected from patients with sickle cell anemia. Clinical periodontal parameters and PISA values were calculated from all patients. Ferritin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were analyzed biochemically. ResultsIn sickle cell anemia group, presence of periodontitis (p < 0.001) was more frequent than periodontal health (p < 0.001). All clinical periodontal recordings and PISA values were higher in the sickle cell anemia group compared to controls (p < 0.001). Patients with PISA > 776 mm² had 6.06-fold greater chances of having hs-CRP levels above 10 mg/L (OR = 6.06; 95 % CI: 1.9–19.26) and had 31.41-fold greater chances of having ferritin levels above 1000 ng/L (OR = 31.41; 95 % CI: 6.62–149.16). Also, they had 3.27-fold greater risk of having crisis frequency above three times per year (OR = 3.27; 95 % CI: 1.05–10.23) after adjusting for confounders. ConclusionIn patients with sickle cell anemia, positive association was evident between PISA values and serum acute phase biomarkers levels as well as the frequency of acute painful crisis. Patients with increased inflammatory burden may have a higher likelihood of developing periodontitis in the presence of sickle cell anemia. PISA value could be a candidate disease activity indicator in patients with an underlying hematological condition.

Anemia in female patients with myasthenia gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common autoimmune neuromuscular disorder, and is more common in women than in men. Anemia is also more common in women. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with anemia and the negative impact of anemia in female MG patients. We investigated factors related to MG and anemia in 215 female patients with MG, who were attending the MG clinic of Keio Hospital between January and December 2021. We statistically evaluated clinical factors related to anemia in patients with and without anemia. Eighty-five patients (40%) had anemia in the past, and 130 patients did not have anemia in the past. There were no significant differences in age at study, age at MG onset, body mass index, or frequency of autoantibodies between the anemia and non-anemia groups. MG severity evaluated by the MG Foundation of America classification was greater in the anemia group than in the non-anemia group. History of anemia was associated with immunosuppressive treatment, such as prednisolone and calcineurin inhibitor treatment. There was a correlation between hemoglobin levels and the MG-quality of life score. Long term immunosuppressive therapy can cause anemia in female MG patients. Anemia may negatively affect the quality of life of female MG patients.

The Association Between Anemia and Sarcopenia among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Taipei City, Taiwan

&lt;p&gt;目的：已知罹患肌少症之風險會隨著年齡增長、老化而顯著提升，貧血在老年族群中也是常見之臨床問題，故本研究旨在探討社區老年人口貧血與肌少症之相關性。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;方法：本橫斷性研究之樣本為自2014年3月至2015年6月期間、於台北市某區域醫院接受免費成人健檢、65歲以上之老年族群。肌少症之診斷依2019年亞洲肌少症診治共識訂定（合併低肌肉力量與質量），血液中血紅素濃度在男性小於13 g/dL、女性小於12 g/dL則為貧血。統計部分以二元羅吉斯迴歸檢定進行分析，並校正多種潛在風險因子如性別、年齡、BMI、吸菸、喝酒、運動習慣、慢性病史、憂鬱症及失智症之篩檢結果等，也再將受試者依性別分組後進行次群體分析。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;結果：本研究共1,222名受試者中，742名(60.7%)為女性。於肌少症組別中，25.2%具貧血，無肌少症組則僅有8.9%有貧血，達統計上之顯著差異(p&lt;0.001)。經校正之二元羅吉斯迴歸分析顯示，貧血之受試者較無貧血者有較高之肌少症風險(OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.30-3.05)。次群體分析中，女性組別內、具貧血之受試者與無貧血者相比，罹患肌少症的風險同樣較高(OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73)，但於男性組卻無此發現。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;結論：本研究顯示於65歲以上之社區老年族群中，貧血與肌少症具正相關性，女性尤為顯著。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose: Sarcopenia has been known to be associated with older people. Since anemia was also prevalent in older adults, our study aimed to analyze the association between anemia and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older individuals.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data collected during a free annual health exam for older adults in Taipei between March 2014 and July 2015. Participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia, as defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus. Anemia was diagnosed when serum hemoglobin concentrations were less than 13 g/dL in men or 12 g/dL in women. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between anemia and sarcopenia, after adjustment for potential confounding variables including demographic characteristics (sex and age), lifestyle factors (status of smoking and alcohol drinking), physical activity, health conditions (body mass index [BMI] and comorbidities) and the results of screening tests for dementia and depression. Subgroup analyses, stratified by sex, were also performed.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Results: Among 1,222 older participants, 60.7% were women. Among patients with sarcopenia, 25.2% had anemia, whereas among those without sarcopenia, only 8.9% had anemia (p&lt;0.001). Binary logistic regression analyses, adjusted for other covariates, demonstrated that participants with anemia had an increased risk of sarcopenia compared with those without anemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30-3.05). In the subgroup analysis, a higher OR was observed for the anemia group compared with the non-anemia group in women (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73) but not men. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Conclusion: The study results showed a significant association between anemia and sarcopenia in individuals older than 65 years, especially women. These insights have implications for interventions to prevent sarcopenia development.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

Evaluate the severity of bone impairment in different types of sickle cell anemia in Basrah province- Iraq

Sickle cell anemia (SCD) is one of the important health problems in Basrah, southern Iraq. which is probably the most common known hereditary blood disorder. patients with sickle cell disorders often suffer from chronic hemolytic anemia, which causes bone marrow hyperplasia too. The present study aimed to evaluate the severity of bone impairment in different types of sickle cell anemia in patients. Patients with SCA (n=120) 60 males and 60 females were on follow up in the Basra center for Hereditary Blood Disease, who were included in this study and age and sex matched healthy persons (n=60) as controls. biomarkers had important role in many biological processes. measure serum levels of different biomarkers such as; BCTx, BSAP, CRP, DPD, IGF-1, OT, TRACP-5b, FER, IGFBPT, Intact (iPTH), Ostase, PINP and serum Ca+. Using Kruskal-Wallis test as statistical test, markers in sickle cell anemia and control groups. The results showed were statistical significant differences among the groups of patients included in this study and control group for all the biomarkers that were measured (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The compound heterozygous(Hb SC Hb S/β-thal, ) are less severe than the homozygous genotype (HbSS).

A real-word experience of eltrombopag plus rabbit antithymocyte immunoglobulin-based IST in Chinese patients with severe aplastic anemia.

Eltrombopag (EPAG), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, was approved for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) combined with immunosuppressive therapy (IST). However, the effects of real-life use of low doses of EPAG combined with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based IST in Asian patients with SAA are yet unknown. A total of 121 previously untreated Chinese patients with SAA were enrolled in a multicenter registry of the Chinese Eastern Collaboration Group of Anemia (2014-2020): 67 patients received IST alone and 54 patients received additional EPAG. Patients receiving IST plus EPAG had a higher overall response rate (ORR) at 1month (P = 0.002), 3months (P = 0.028), 6months (P = 0.006), and 12months (P = 0.031) compared to those receiving IST alone. EPAG was the favorable factor for response efficacy at 6months. The complete response rate in the EPAG plus IST group was 17% at 3months, 27% at 6months, and 32% at 12months, compared to 7% (P = 0.069), 14% (P = 0.11), and 33% (P = 0.92) for those treated with IST alone. The 2-year overall survival rate in EPAG plus IST and IST alone groups was 98% and 88%, respectively (P = 0.078). The rate of adverse events, including clonal evolution, infection, and transaminitis, was similar in the two cohorts. The addition of EPAG to IST was well-tolerated and associated with high rates of hematologic responses among the previously untreated Chinese patients with SAA.

The value of the SUV ratio between lymph node and bone marrow in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: an integrated PET/CT study.

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the value of the standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio between lymph nodes and bone marrow (BM) measured by Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for predicting pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).Materials and methodsA total of 62 patients with pathological stage Ib-IVa cervical cancer who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were reviewed retrospectively. We measured the metabolic and morphological parameters of lymph nodes and primary tumors, bone marrow SUV (SUVBM) and calculated the ratio of lymph nodes maximum SUV (SUVmax) to bone marrow SUV (SUVLN/BM) and the ratio of short-axis diameter to long-axis diameter (Ds/l) of lymph nodes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter.ResultsThere were 180 lymph nodes with pathological evidence included in the study. Our results indicated that Ds/l, SUVmax of lymph nodes (SUVLN) and SUVLN/BM were independent risk factors for PLN metastasis in LACC (P < 0.05), and SUVLN/BM showed the best diagnostic performance by ROC curve analysis. The SUVBM in the anemia group was significantly higher than that in the nonanemia group (3.05 vs. 2.40, P < 0.05); furthermore, false-positive cases decreased when the SUVLN/BM was used as the diagnostic criterion instead of SUVLN, especially in the anemia group. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve value of the combination of SUVLN/BM and Ds/l was 0.884 (P < 0.05), which was higher than Ds/l or SUVLN/BM alone.ConclusionsSUVLN/BM could improve the ability to predicting PLN metastasis in patients with LACC, and the diagnostic efficacy of the combination of SUVLN/BM and Ds/l might be better than that of a single parameter.

Complete blood count in the elderly vs. selected biochemical parameters associated with inflammation. Results of PolSenior2 study

Introduction: Complete blood counts provide a lot of valuable information about the health condition. As the value of individual morphological parameters depends on many factors, the interpretation of the test result should be carried out taking into account clinical data and the results of other laboratory tests. Inflammation activates mechanisms that affect the amount of blood cells produced. Deviations in blood level of inflammatory markers (such as C-reactive protein (CRP), transferrin) and iron, may account hematological abnormalities. Aim: The assessment of the relationship between the examinated biochemical parameters and changes in selected hematological parameters. Material and methods: This analysis was based on laboratory data from 5623 participants of the nationwide PolSenior2 study, assessing the health of Poles over 60 years of age. Results: It was shown that in the study population with age, the concentrations of CRP, iron and transferrin change. Concentration of iron correlates positively with the concentration of transferrin, and negatively with CRP. It has been found that the incidence of anemia increases with age. Higher CRP levels and lower iron and transferrin levels were more frequently observed in the anemic group. Changes in the analyzed biochemical parameters correlated with a change (decrease or increase) in the red blood cell indices, the majority of leukocyte subpopulations and platelets. Conclusions: The analysis shows that inflammation, as expressed by changes in the concentrations of related biochemical parameters, can affect blood morphology. Therefore, when assessing abnormalities in blood morphology, the results of other laboratory assays, including biochemical markers associated with inflammation, should be taken into account.

Expression of SASP, DNA Damage Response, and Cell Proliferation Factors in Early Gastric Neoplastic Lesions: Correlations and Clinical Significance.

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) pathway has recently been identified in the suppression and promotion of cancers. However, its practical role in carcinogenesis remains to be comprehensively elucidated. Here, we describe an investigation analysing SASP activity and its correlations with DNA damage response (DDR), genomic mutations, and cell proliferation in gastric carcinogenesis among 30 cases with available endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) specimens of early neoplastic lesions (including low-grade dysplasia [LGD], high-grade dysplasia [HGD], and intramucosal carcinoma). The positive cells of senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining and cGAS, STING, interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) expression levels using immunostaining were elevated in HGD and in cancers. Similarly, increased expression of the Fanconi anemia group D2 (FANCD2) protein, tumour suppressor p53 binding protein 1 (TP53BP1), and replication protein A (RPA2) (i.e., primary DDR factors) was detected in HGD and in cancers; these increased expression levels were closely correlated with high expression of Ki67 and minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7) proteins. Moreover, genomic mutations in TP53 gene were detected in 56.67% of the evaluated cases (17/30) using next-generation sequencing, and positive staining was verified in HGD and in cancers. Statistical analysis revealed that cell proliferation closely correlated with the expression of DDR factors, of which TP53BP1 was positively associated with SASP factors and IRF3 was positively correlated with cell proliferation. In addition, an analysis evaluating clinical features demonstrated that STAT6-positive cases showed a longer progression-free survival time than STAT6-negative cases. Our evaluation, conducted using a limited number of specimens, suggests SASP may be prevalent in early gastric neoplastic lesions and could be activated by accelerated cell proliferation-induced DDR. The clinical significance of SASP still needs to be determined.