Prevalence Of Anemia In Women Research Articles

Multilevel analysis of anemia and associated factors among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Liberia: Evidence from the 2019/20 Liberia demographic and health survey data.

Anemia is a global public health problem, principally affecting young children and reproductive-age mothers. Although anemia is a main public health concern in low-income countries, there is no evidence about its prevalence and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Liberia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among women of reproductive age in Liberia. We used the data extracted from the fifth Liberia Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS-V) that were carried out between October 2019 and February 2020. The sample was chosen using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling procedure. Overall weighted samples of 4027 women of reproductive age were used in the analysis. Data weighting was carried out to obtain reliable estimates and standard errors as well as to restore the representativeness of the data. Stata version 14 software was used for data extraction, coding, and analysis. We used multilevel analysis to identify the significant factors associated with anemia among women of reproductive age. The prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age in Liberia was 44.51 (95% CI: 42.97-46.04). From these, about 23.10% of women of reproductive age were mildly anemic, 20.63% were moderately anemic and 0.78% was severely anemic. In multivariable analysis; women with the groups of 20-24 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.92), 25-29 years (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.77), 30-34 years (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.83), 35-39 years (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.79), 40-44 years (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43,0.87), 45-49 years (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39,0.82), overweight (AOR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.98), obese (AOR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.88), using modern contraceptive methods (AOR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.72), and being from the Northcentral region (AOR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.72) were significantly associated with lower odds of anemia. However, being pregnant (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.73) and having higher parity (3 children or more) (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.93) were significantly associated with higher odds of anemia. In the present study, the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age was relatively high. Therefore, it is better to provide special emphasis on high-risk groups such as pregnant and multiparous women.

Prevalence and factors influencing anemia in women of reproductive age visiting a tertiary care hospital (Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center) in Karachi: A cross-sectional study.

Anemia is a significant public health concern, primarily affecting young children, pregnant and postpartum women, and menstruating adolescent girls and women. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anemia and associated factors in women of reproductive age visiting a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age, while the secondary objective was to investigate potential causes of anemia within this demographic group. A prospective cross-sectional approach was employed, adhering to Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. A questionnaire-based method was used to assess anemia, and data were collected from women aged 14 to 40 years. The study was conducted at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from January to May 2023. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Jinnah Sindh Medical University (Institutional Review Board reference number JSMU/IRB/2023/699). A sample of 397 women was included, and various demographic and lifestyle factors were assessed. In this study of 397 participants, 71.5% were found to have anemia, primarily microcytic anemia (48.2%). Anemia prevalence was highest among the 14-18 years age group (80.7%) and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (73.6%). Factors such as frequent tea consumption, irregular mealtimes, and pica consumption were associated with higher anemia rates. Pregnant women and those with more children were at a heightened risk of anemia. The study reveals a notable prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age with a surprising emphasis on younger individuals and lower socioeconomic groups. Dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and pregnancy status play significant roles in anemia development. Targeted interventions are essential, particularly for younger women, those from disadvantaged backgrounds, and pregnant individuals, to combat anemia effectively in this region.

Formulasi Nugget untuk Mencegah Anemia pada Remaja Putri Berdasar Menu Pondok Pesantren

Background : Anemia is a health problem in the world, both in developed and developing countries, which is not only experienced by pregnant women and women of childbearing age (WUS) but can also be experienced by adolescents, both young men and young women. Based on the 2013 Riskesdas, the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia was 21.7%, with 26.4% of sufferers aged 5-14 years and 15-24 aged 18.4% with a prevalence of anemia in women of 23.7%. One of the efforts to prevent anemia in young women can be done by consuming foods that are high in protein, iron and vitamin C.
 Purpose : The research aims to find out the right formulation of nuggets made from shrimp, tofu, sorghum flour and green spinach, product organoleptic namely color, aroma, taste and texture, analyzing macronutrients (protein, fat and carbohydrates) and micronutrients (iron and Vitamin C).
 Methods : The study used a completely randomized design with four formulas namely F1, F2, F3 and F4, based on the comparison of shrimp, tofu, sorghum flour and green spinach, 10:20:30:40; 40:30:20:10; 25:20:15:10; and 10:15:20:25. Statistical analysis used the Kruskall Wallish test and follow-up tests used the Mann-Whitney test.
 Results : The results of the study based on the RDA of 30% of female adolescents showed that 100 g of F1 formula contained protein, fat, carbohydrates, iron and vitamin C, namely 45%, 41%, 22%, 51% and 37%. Formula F2 contains 48%, 42%, 19%, 51% and 55%. Formula F3 contains 50%, 41%, 15%, 50% and 74%. Formula F4 contains 52%, 40%, 12%, 49% and 93%.
 Conclusion : The formula chosen based on the best treatment level is F2 with the first ranking result on the organoleptic test variable is taste.

Analysis of maternal and child health spillover effects in PEPFAR countries

ObjectivesThis study examined whether the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funding had effects beyond HIV, specifically on several measures of maternal and child health in low-income and...

Status of Anaemia amongst women in India: trend analysis of NFHS data

The study was taken up to assess the changing trend in prevalence and severity of anaemia in women of reproductive age over the last 15 years by analyzing National Family Health Survey (NFHS) factsheet data and to draw a comparison between the prevalence of anaemia across different states/UTs of India. NFHS 3, 4 and 5 factsheets have been referred for the same. An increase in the prevalence of anaemia from 53% to 57% in all women aged 15-49 years is seen, 50.4% to 52.2% in pregnant women and 53.2% to 57.2% in non-pregnant women between NFHS 4 and 5. West Bengal has the highest prevalence of anaemia, followed by Tripura (67.2%) and Assam with 65.9% among women of 15-49 years. NFHS 5 data shows an increase in the prevalence of anaemia in all women by 4%, 1.8% in pregnant women and a increase by 4 % in non-pregnant women. Anemia Mukt Bharat campaign launched in 2019, was expected to reduce or inert the anaemia burden, but NFHS 5 data indicates a surge in anaemia incidences significantly across women of all age groups over the last five years. Hence, there is a need for revamping and implementing the programmes in a better way.

HBV Infection Is an Intermediate-Risk Disease, Whereas Anaemia Is a Mild-to-Moderate Public Health Problem in Young Ghanaian Adults: A Four-Year Retrospective Analysis of Students' Medical Records.

In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria, chronic viral diseases, nutritional deficiencies, and haemoglobinopathies are common causes of anaemia. Continual surveillance data is required to situate the anaemia and infectious disease burden within a given population. This study determined the 4-year trends of anaemia, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and HCV infections and factors associated with anaemia in young Ghanaian adults. This retrospective study analysed the medical records of 21,716 fresh students at the University of Cape Coast. Data was presented as percentages and line graphs to show the yearly trends in anaemia, HBV, and HCV infections. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the increased odds of anaemia in participants. Although the 4-year anaemia prevalence was 14.2% (95% CI: 0.1403-0.1498), anaemia prevalence in women and men were 24.1% (95% CI: 0.2387-0.2562) and 6.6% (95% CI:0.0616-0.0705), respectively. Anaemia prevalence consistently remained mild (males) and moderate (females) public health problem over the four-year period. Adolescents were more represented in the anaemic group (18.7% prevalence), 70.9% of them being females. The prevalence of HBV and HCV infections were 5.4% (95% CI:0.0506-0.0567) and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.0082-0.0108), respectively; only 0.1% of participants had HBV and HCV coinfection. Males were more represented in both HBV (71.2%) and HCV (63.7%) infection groups. Moreover, 15.8% of the participants who were seropositive for HBsAg self-reported having previously been vaccinated, suggesting a breakthrough infection and/or vaccine nonresponse. Furthermore, female (COR: 4.545; p < 0.001), teenagers (COR: 1.697; p < 0.001), 20-29 years (COR: 1.221; p = 0.035), and positive sickling slide test (COR: 1.176; p = 0.003) were statistically significantly associated with increased odds of anaemia. Intentional preventative public health campaigns regarding anaemia, HBV, and HCV infection should, respectively, target females and young adult males to increase chances of making real change in behavioural attitudes in these at-risk groups.

Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors in Childbearing Age Women in Shaafi Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Abstract Background: Anemia is a disorder marked by reduced hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and/or the quantity of red blood cells (RBCs). Anemia affects people throughout the world. A shortage of knowledge exists in Somalia due to insufficient research projects. This study examined the prevalence of anemia and its contributing factors in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A cross-sectional design with a quantitative strategy was used for the investigation. Secondary data were collected from patient records at the Shaafi Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, who were clinically diagnosed with anemia between December 2021 and August 2022. Results: Of the 400 samples collected, 271 (67.8%) women were anemic. Employment, malaria infection, birth interval, number of children, pregnancy status, and menstrual frequency all showed statistically significant associations with anemia. In contrast, age, educational level, marital status, eating habits, sleeping schedules, chronic disease, intestinal parasite, history of blood disorders, and menstrual duration showed no statistically significant associations with anemia. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age was high. The association factors were history of malaria birth interval, number of children, pregnancy status, and menstruation. To avoid anemia among pregnant women in the research region, contraceptive methods, information about spacing children, information and services to prevent malaria, and economic empowerment of women are required.

Cost-benefit analysis on the intervention of application iron-fortified soy sauce for anemia in Deqing 15-54 years women, Zhejiang

To make a cost-benefit analysis on anemia intervention with iron-fortified soy sauce in 15-54 years old women. The study was conducted in Deqing county, Zhejiang province in 2012-2013. A total 585 women as sampling size were estimated with statistical model and randomly selected by probability proportionate to size sampling. Hemoglobin were measured before intervention and after 15 months. The cost of the intervention project were collected with manpower, communication and other invest. The benefit was estimated with profiling model. After the intervention, the anemia prevalence of sampled women decreased from 31.1% to 21.9%(P&lt;0.01). The major cost of the project was 156 400 RMB, and total benefits result ing from projects were 1 448 485 RMB. The cost-benefit ratio of the project is 1∶9.49. If investing one yuan can produce economic benefits of nearly 9.49 yuan, therefore, the intervention projectis worth to be scaling up. Sensitivity analysis showed the result of this study was stable. The intervention can significantly reduce the prevalence of anemia in women, and reduce the economic burden of the diseases. .

State-level prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age. Ensanut 2006, 2012 and 2018-19

Objective. To compare the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency, at state level in non-pregnant women between 20 and 49 years of age from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut, in Spanish) 2006, 2012 and 2018-19. Materials and methods. The Ensanut 2006, 2012 and 2018-19 have a probabilistic design. Hb in capillary blood was measured by HemoCue Hb201 and ferritin by venous sample. Anemia was diagnosed with Hb&lt;120g/L and iron deficiency with Ferritin&lt;15ng/mL. Results. At the national level, anemia increased 6.1 (p&lt;0.05) percentage points (pp) from 2006 to 2018-19. Baja California Norte, Campeche, Colima, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa and Sonora, went from low prevalence (5 to 19.9%) to moderate (20 to 39.9%); in Yucatán and Tamaulipas it went from low to severe (&gt;40). In Guanajuato, State of Mexico and Querétaro it was reduced from 2006 to 2018-19 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. Anemia continues to be a public health problem that requires actions at the state level, considering level of wellbeing index, food programs and affiliation to medical Services insurance.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah pada Mahasiswa Ekstensi FKM UI

Globally, the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age (14-49 years) continues to increase. The impact of anemia on WUS will carry over into pregnancy, pregnant women with anemia will have an impact on the health of the mother and fetus such as the risk of premature birth, low birth weight babies, the mother becomes susceptible to infection, stunted growth and development of the fetus in the womb, hyperemesis gravidarum, antepartum bleeding, and premature rupture of membranes. Pregnant women with anemia have a 3.6 times greater risk of dying during childbirth, and 50-70% of maternal and infant deaths are anemia during pregnancy. Based on this, this study was conducted to see the knowledge and adherence to consumption of iron tablets. This study used a survey method with a cross-sectional research design Respondents with a high level of knowledge were 22 (57.9%) respondents, respondents with a negative attitude were 21 (55.3%) respondents, and respondents who were disobedient were 28 (73.7%) respondents. There is no relationship between knowledge and compliance (p= 0.267 OR= 0.4) There is no relationship between attitude and compliance (p= 0.293 OR=2.3 Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the level of knowledge of respondents was mostly in the good category, the attitude of respondents was dominated by negative attitudes and the level of compliance was dominated by respondents who were not obedient in consuming iron tablets. And it can be concluded that there is no relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards adherence to consumption of iron tablets.

Drivers of anaemia reduction among women of reproductive age in the eastern and upper west regions of Ghana: A secondary data analysis of the Ghana demographic and health surveys

Anaemia among women of reproductive age (WRA) increases the risk of pregnancy-related morbidity, mortality, and poor pregnancy outcomes. Globally, there is growing interest to reduce anaemia among WRA. In Ghana, anaemia among WRA declined at the national level between 2008 (59%) and 2014 (42%). There were also important declines at the sub-national level. The Eastern region (in the south) and Upper West region (in the north) provide an interesting opportunity to understand the decline. Identifying the drivers of anaemia reduction among WRA in Ghana provides important implementation science evidence for designing effective interventions. This current study examined the drivers of reduced anaemia prevalence in women of reproductive age using data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys for 2008 and 2014. Anaemia was diagnosed as haemoglobin&lt;12.0g/dl. Data were summarized using proportions and 95% confidence intervals. A weighted binary logistic-based multivariate decomposition technique was used to identify the potential drivers of anaemia across surveys for 2003, 2008 and 2014. Sensitivity analysis was carried out to test the robustness of the results of the decomposition analysis using haemoglobin concentration. The results of the decomposition analysis were presented as endowment and coefficient effects. Statistical analysis was carried out using Stata version 15. There was an improvement in access to water and sanitation, health services, family planning, and health insurance across surveys. Drivers of anaemia reduction over time at the national level included wealth index and maternal age, education, use of hormonal contraception and body mass index (BMI). In the Eastern region, the drivers of change were household wealth index, maternal age, hormonal contraceptive use and BMI. The drivers of change in the Upper West region, were household access to water, maternal education and BMI. The findings suggest that multi-level interventions are needed across sectors to further reduce anaemia among WRA. Key words: Anaemia, Women, Nutrition, Reproductive-age, Ghana, Haemoglobin, Regression, Decomposition analysis

Multi Micronutrient Supplement (Mms) Is Effective In Increasing Ferritin Levels In Female Adolescents In Gianyar Regency, Bali Province

Based on Riskesdas, 2018 shows that the prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age (WUS) in Indonesia is 23.7% with anemia sufferers aged 5-14 years of 26.8%, anemia sufferers aged 15-24 years of 32.0%, anemia sufferers aged 25- 34 years of 15.1% and anemia sufferers aged 35-44 years of 16.7%. The prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age (WUS) in Bali based on the 2013 Riskesdas results was 10.8 % . The World Health Organization (WHO) targets to reduce anemia by 50 percent by 2025 in women of reproductive age (WUS) aged 15-49 years. In Bali, research on the prevalence of anemia in adolescents, to the best of the knowledge of the authors, is still very minimal. According to the results of the study showed that 11.4 % of subjects experienced anemia. Subjects with energy and protein intake were in the less category, namely 37.1 % and 50%. The subject's intake of vitamins and micronutrients was still lacking, namely vitamin B2 of 72.9%, zinc 68.6%, iron 92.9%, and folic acid 90% and most of the subjects (68.6%) intake of vitamin C was included in the category good.

Workplace-based Nutrition Intervention towards Nutrition for All

Workplace-based Nutrition Intervention towards Nutrition for All

ANALYSIS OF MICRO NUTRITIONAL CONSUMPTION AND FERRITIN LEVELS OF ADOLESCENT WOMEN IN GIANYAR REGENCY, BALI PROVINCE

Background: Based on Riskesdas, 2018 shows that the prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age (WUS) in Indonesia is 23.7% with anemia sufferers aged 5-14 years at 26.8%, anemia sufferers aged 15-24 years at 32.0%, anemia aged 25-34 years by 15.1% and anemia patients aged 35-44 years by 16.7%. In Bali, research on the prevalence of anemia in adolescents as far as the author's knowledge is still very minimal.&#x0D; &#x0D; Objective: The purpose of this research in the first year is to determine the relationship between consumption of micronutrients and ferritin levels in adolescent girls in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. The aim in the second year was to determine the effectiveness of iron folate and Multi Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) in adolescent girls whose hemoglobin or ferritin levels were below normal. This research is an epidemiological study of community nutrition that will be carried out in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province, the first year from March to October 2021 and the second year from March to October 2022.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: The first year research method used a community trial with a Cross Sectional design with a sample size of 168 samples. The second year with a different subject design with a sample size of 86 samples consisting of 43 control groups and 43 treatment groups.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The results of the study in year 1 (2021) showed that the Ferritin levels of adolescent girls in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province showed 29.2% in the low category (&lt;30 g/l) and 4.8% in the high category (&gt;160 g/l), The average consumption of micronutrients for adolescent girls in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province, namely iron (55%), zinc (74.25%), folic acid (31.7%) and vitamin C (39.2%), there is a relationship Consumption of Micronutrients, namely Folic Acid and Zinc with ferritin levels, while there is no relationship between consumption of iron and Vitamin C with ferritin levels in adolescent girls in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province&#x0D; &#x0D; Conslusion: There is a relationship between consumption of micronutrients, namely Folic Acid and Zinc with ferritin levels, while there is no relationship between consumption of iron and Vitamin C with ferritin levels in young women in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province

Залізодефіцитна анемія під час вагітності та наслідки, пов'язані з нею

Анотація: у статті узагальнено аргументи та контраргументи в рамках наукової дискусії щодо питання механізмів розвитку залізодефіцитної анемії. Основна мета цього дослідження це узагальнення інформації про вплив залізодефіцитної анемії під час вагітності та наслідків, пов’язаних з нею. Завдяки детальному вивченню літературних джерел, їхній систематизації та підходів до вирішення проблеми, було виявлено, що антенатальна анемія є фактором ризику материнської та перинатальної смертності, передчасних пологів, новонароджених з низькою масою тіла та післяпологових кровотеч. Анемія матері також може бути пов’язана з поганими результатами розвитку нервової системи дитини. Останні досягнення системного та плацентарного гомеостазу заліза можуть покращити терапевтичну ефективність шляхом зміни дози та частоти перорального прийому заліза. А внутрішньовенне введення заліза є безпечним засобом для швидкої корекції анемії матері. Актуальність дослідження даної патології полягає в тому, що вона багато в чому визначає перинатальну та материнську захворюваність. Однак, на сьогодні немає чіткого уявлення про особливості молекулярних та судинних механізмів залізодефіцитної анемії, тому це призводить до суперечностей у лікуванні таких вагітних жінок, що перешкоджає своєчасному, адекватному лікуванню та профілактиці. У дослідженні були використані методи бібліографічного та контент-аналізу літератури, семантичного групування, а також порівняльного підходу та синтезу відносно питань нових досліджень по особливостям механізмів розвитку залізодефіцитної анемії, гомеостазу заліза та поточних визначень ЗДА під час вагітності, несприятливі наслідки для матері та новонародженого, пов’язані з анемією, а також останні рекомендації щодо лікування ЗДА під час вагітності та післяпологового періоду. Офіційні документи, знайдені на веб-сайтах, були проаналізовані, а відповідна інформація згрупована та порівняна. В статті представлено результати досліджень, які засвідчили, що залізо відіграє ключову роль у нормальному і патологічному перебігу вагітності та впливає на розвиток новонародженого. Поглинання і метаболізм заліза суворо регулюються, і повне вивчення метаболізму заліза під час вагітності представляє інтерес для запобігання ускладнень у матері та плода. У цій роботі підкреслюється необхідність раннього виявлення дефіциту заліза. Крім того, є важливим лікувати дефіцит для забезпечення оптимального розвитку новонароджених. Наразі такі заходи, як пероральне або внутрішньовенне введення заліза, схоже, не працюють у масштабах, необхідних для досягнення цілей ВООЗ знизити поширеність анемії у жінок репродуктивного віку на 50%. Частково це може бути пов’язано з невизначеністю щодо того, як найкраще досліджувати, запобігати та лікувати материнську анемію. Розвиток нашого розуміння фізіології заліза привів до можливості значного покращення шляхом зміни стратегії дозування перорального заліза. Нові лабораторні показники заліза, такі як гепсидин, можуть в кінцевому підсумку допомогти керувати терапією дефіциту заліза, але нещодавнє дослідження не виявило жодної переваги від використання підходу скринінгу та лікування на основі гепсидину в порівнянні з рекомендованою схемою ВООЗ. Тому необхідні подальші дослідження щодо результатів, орієнтованих на пацієнта та економічної ефективності. Результати проведеного дослідження можуть бути корисними для лікарів первинної ланки, гінекологів, терапевтів.

Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi Mengenai Anemia Dengan Media Video Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Putri Di SMAN 1 Nganjuk

Adolescents are one of the age groups that are prone to problems. One of the most common nutritional problems is anemia. Riskesdas 2018 prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is 23.7%, based on the age group 15-24 it is 32%. While the prevalence of anemia in women is 27.2% and in men is 20.3%. This nutrition education aims to change the knowledge and attitudes of young women and provide information about anemia to prevent anemia. The selection of video media adapts to the character of teenagers who are interested in interesting things and are very easily bored. Objectives: to study and determine the effect of nutrition education on anemia with video media on the knowledge and attitudes of young women about anemia at SMAN 1 Nganjuk. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. The research sample was 30 respondents in the control and treatment groups with a purposive sampling technique. Data processing using SPSS application. Statistical analysis using the Kolmogorov Smirnov, Wilcoxon, paired sample t-test, and Umann Whitney test. Result: The results showed that there were differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after education in the treatment group (pS&lt;0.05). There was no difference before and after education in the control group (p&gt;0.05). There are differences in knowledge and attitudes between the treatment and control groups Conclusion: There are differences in knowledge and attitudes between the treatment and control groups KEYWORDS: NUTRITION EDUCATION, ANEMIA, VIDEO, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Association Between Oyster Consumption and Hemoglobin Concentrations Among Ghanaian Women

ObjectivesOysters are a rich source of iron and consumption may reduce the risk of anemia. In 2017, a community in Ghana implemented an annual closed season of oyster harvesting between November–March, designed to benefit the sustainability of oyster harvesting. Our objectives were to determine the effect of the open and closed season on oyster consumption and anemia. MethodsIn a 6-month, longitudinal pilot study, we enrolled women in the Bortianor/Tsokomey area in Ghana and included 96 who regularly consume oysters during the open season and 40 who do not. Data were collected at two time points: 1) March 2020 (end of closed season) and 2) August 2020 (5 months into the open season). We collected the amount and frequency of oyster consumption using a 30-day food frequency questionnaire. We analyzed hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations using a Hemocue Analyzer 201. We used paired t-tests to analyze the difference in Hb concentrations and McNemar’s test for anemia (Hb < 12.0 g/dL) between seasons and used independent t-tests between groups. ResultsAt enrollment, mean ± SD age was 34 ± 8 y and BMI was 26 ± 5 kg/m2. Among women who ate oysters during the open season, Hb did not differ by season (closed season mean ± SD: 10.4 ± 2.6, open season: 9.8 ± 2.8, p = 0.06) and the prevalence of anemia was 74% in the closed season and 72% in the open season (p = 0.81). For women who did not eat oysters during the open season, Hb did not differ by season (closed season Hb mean ± SD: 9.6 ± 2.2, open season Hb: 9.9 ± 2.3, p = 0.15) and the prevalence of anemia in the closed season was 84%, and 78% in the open season (p = 0.35). During the open season, mean ± SD oyster consumption among women who ate oysters was 1726 ± 1685 grams, or 470 oysters per month. There was no difference between groups in Hb and anemia prevalence during the closed (Hb: p = 0.17, anemia: p = 0.16) or open (Hb: p = 0.15, anemia: p = 0.49) season. ConclusionsThe prevalence of anemia was high during both seasons in both groups of women. Implementing a closed season on oyster harvesting was not related to a higher prevalence of anemia among women that eat oysters. Further research into the causes of anemia among this population is needed and programmatic action to address the high prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age is warranted in this area. Funding SourcesUniversity of Rhode Island start-up grant, awarded to Dr. Brietta M. Oaks.

Relationship between race and anemia in women undergoing surgery for gynecologic cancer.

e13529 Background: Anemia is associated with poor outcomes after gynecologic surgery and there is a paucity of data whether race modify its impact on outcome. The goal of this study is to estimate the anemia prevalence in women undergoing surgery for gynecologic cancer and to evaluate the relationship between preoperative anemia and postoperative morbidity and understand whether race and ethnicity modify this relationship. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patient’s undergoing surgery for a gynecologic malignancy between 2014 and 2019 using data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine adjusted odds for post operative morbidity with anemia. Interaction terms were entered into the model to test for effect modification by race and ethnicity. Results: We found that Black women were twice as likely to suffer from anemia then Caucasian women. In Caucasian women 79% had normal Hgb level, 16% mild anemia, 5% moderate anemia, and 0.5% with severe anemia. However, in Black women only 59% had normal Hgb level, with 30% having mild anemia, 10% moderate anemia, and 1% with severe anemia. We also found that the adjusted odds ratio of postoperative morbidity was higher in Black women with moderate and severe anemia than in Caucasian women. (Table). Logistic regression models to predict the probability of mortality for women with varying stages of anemia. Showing a difference in probability of morbidity between Black women and Caucasian women of undergoing gynecologic oncologic surgery. Conclusions: In this cohort of 56,240 patients who had surgery for a gynecologic malignancy we found that 24% had anemia. when treated may improve postoperative outcomes were more likely to have anemia than Caucasian women in this cohort. Black women had higher rates of postoperative morbidity at all levels of anemia, demonstrating continued disparities in care. Preoperative anemia is a modifiable risk factor that when treated may improve postoperative outcomes.[Table: see text]

The Effect of Giving Bit Juice with Prevention of Anemia in Pregnant Women in Trimester Iii at The Clinic of Dina Karya Medan in 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anemia is a serious global public health problem that especially affects women of childbearing age and pregnant women. The prevalence of anemia in women of childbearing age is 29.9%, in pregnant women 36.5%, in non-pregnant women 29.6%. Prevalence varies widely between countries and regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving beetroot juice with the prevention of anemia in third trimester pregnant women. The research design used One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, namely one experimental research group by doing lactation massage. The population is 35 people. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sample, with sampling using certain criteria, and the sample in this study amounted to 12 people. Data analysis is normality test, Paired Sample TTest test. The results showed that after the Shapiro Wilk test the results were obtained with a pretest with a value of .091 and a posttest with a value of .134, which means that the value of the results of Shapiro Wilk is normally distributed, that is &gt; 0.05, and there is an effect of giving beetroot juice with the prevention of anemia in mothers. third trimester pregnant with pre_post statistical results obtained Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 &lt; 0.05. So the conclusion is that there is an effect of increasing hemoglobin levels before and after being given beetroot juice to pregnant women in the third trimester. It is recommended for pregnant women in the third trimester to consume beetroot juice to prevent anemia.

Sustainable Development Goals for anaemia: 20 years later, where are we now?

Maternal and infant anaemia has profound, well known consequences, including an increased risk of postpartum haemorrhage, infection and maternal mortality for women; and low birthweight and poor neurocognitive and motor development in children.1,2 As a result, prevention and swift treatment of anaemia was included in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2012, with the intention of halving anaemia prevalence in women of reproductive age by 2030—a bold and progressive target.3