AN ECONOMIC Research Articles

V06-02 A NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR EFFECTIVE RESECTION OF ADENOMA AFTER PROSTATE ENUCLEATION: AN ECONOMIC ALTERNATIVE TO MORCELLATION

You have accessJournal of UrologyBPH & Infection & Imaging (V06)1 Sep 2021V06-02 A NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR EFFECTIVE RESECTION OF ADENOMA AFTER PROSTATE ENUCLEATION: AN ECONOMIC ALTERNATIVE TO MORCELLATION Linjian Mo, Joseph Ivey, Raymond Pak, and Jiwen Cheng Linjian MoLinjian Mo More articles by this author , Joseph IveyJoseph Ivey More articles by this author , Raymond PakRaymond Pak More articles by this author , and Jiwen ChengJiwen Cheng More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002021.02AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Morcellation is the most common tool used to remove adenoma from the bladder after prostate enucleation. Morcellators are relatively expensive and are not available at every medical center. We present a cost-effective, safe, and efficient alternative to morcellation. METHODS: Prostate enucleation is first carried out in standard fashion. At our institution, this is completed with a combination of blunt dissection and electrocautery with a plasma kinetic button device and an electric loop. After the adenoma is fully dissected off the prostatic capsule, it is floating freely in the bladder. A suprapubic puncture is made with a laparoscopic insufflation needle under direct cystoscopic visualization. A laparoscopic grasper is then passed through the needle and into the bladder. The grasper is then used to immobilize the adenoma. The adenoma is then resected into small fragments with an electric loop, which are then easily evacuated from the bladder through the cystoscope. RESULTS: The laparoscopic grasper passed through the suprapubic puncture successfully immobilizes the adenoma in the bladder. This results in safe and efficient harvesting of the adenoma with the electric loop. CONCLUSIONS: This technique is a safe, efficient, and cost-effective method for removing adenoma after prostate enucleation. It is less invasive than a suprapubic cystostomy, and less costly than a commercial transurethral morcellator. This method could be expanded to be used with HoLEP for institutions equipped with a holmium laser but not a morcellator. Source of Funding: None © 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 206Issue Supplement 3September 2021Page: e449-e449 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Linjian Mo More articles by this author Joseph Ivey More articles by this author Raymond Pak More articles by this author Jiwen Cheng More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

AN ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY ON THE ADDED VALUE OF THE SEPARATION, TREATMENT AND PROCESSING OF MONAZITE FROM EGYPTION BLACK SAND AN APPLIED STUDY ON NUCLEAR MATERIAL AUTHORITY

The black sand is treasure from the Egyptian treasure. The black sand distributed along the Mediterranean sea from Abu Qir in the west to Rafah in the east, and wadi Duaait on the Red sea at the southern eastern desert the concentration of heavy minerals is increased by the transgression and regression wave current on the coastal plain the black sand show a lenses along the beach. The mining and separation of black sand is consider very important train of development and economic for commercial and strategic position. The black sand contain ilmenite, magnetite, rutile, zircon, garnet, and monazite. These minerals separated by physics (electrostatic) properties of these minerals The exploitation of separation and treatment processing contribute to rising (goodness) the commercial balance, and increase exports and domiciliation the big industries and arrangement flow of increasing the foreign criticism and fined the new job chances, rich all or part of importation maters and minerals, so this give goodness the production balance and commutation international roles (laws), and activation the commercial, also treatment the wrongs of commercial and social skeleton This industry effect on the industrial division and put the coasts of different concentrate and separated factories with agree to the Egyptian site for mining where has recover row which indicated by geological studies and the price of machines.So must defined the roles between Nuclear materials authority (NMA) and mineral technology company. So the NMA responsible for the studies, prospecting and exploration data. The environmental side for this project must finishing the rubbish by safe roles according to the cycle system according to the central government. AN ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY ON THE ADDED VALUE OF THE SEPARATION, TREATMENT AND PROCESSING OF MONAZITE FROM EGYPTION BLACK SAND AN APPLIED STUDY ONNUCLEAR MATERIAL AUTHORITY

OPTIMIZATION OF AN ECONOMIC GREEN MANUFACTURING INVENTORY MODEL USING FUZZY GEOMETRIC PROGRAMMING.

27Jul 2016 OPTIMIZATION OF AN ECONOMIC GREEN MANUFACTURING INVENTORY MODEL USING FUZZY GEOMETRIC PROGRAMMING Nivetha Martin and P. Pandiammal Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Arul Anandar College(Autonomous),Madurai Tamil Nadu. Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, GTN Arts College, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu.

AN ECONOMIC APPROACH TO THE THEORY OF MEDIATION Effective mediation for a conflict resolution with incomplete information: Biased or Unbiased?

Many papers studying mediation in conflict resolution focuses on mediator characteristics as unbiased vs. biased. Some emphasize the necessity of unbiasedness, while others argue that only biased mediators can play an effective role. The opposite views in the literature stems from the nature of conflicts in question and the differences in the (un)biasedness definition. This paper investigates the need for a mediator and the role of mediator characteristics by employing the tools of game theory in a framework where the strategic interaction of two disputing parties have an impact on different issues at stake which involve conflicting or common interests. The dispute arises due to each party’s incomplete information about the levels of importance privately attributed to these issues by the other. A better-informed mediator can reveal this information to enhance the chances of cooperation through costless communication, which is modeled by a cheap talk game. Our analysis suggests that for the mediator to be truthful and credible in equilibrium, she should (i) care about the outcome of the interaction, (ii) not prefer one outcome to the other by a large margin, (iii) be unbiased in the sense that she prefers mutual disagreement to the one where one side abuses the other. We also find that (un)biasedness does not matter when the mediator imposes costly carrot-stick strategies such as sanctions or incentives. We probe the plausibility of the hypotheses generated by the model with conflict resolution cases.

What Language Looks Like: A Conceptual-Metaphoric Reading of Minimalism

One way to check how language is conceived is to examine the types of metaphors it is described by. This study is a step on this way. The researcher detects the language used by minimalism to see how language is thought of according to this linguistic program. This paper ventures to detect the conceptual metaphors underlying the minimalist program, particularly in its early version in Chomsky's Minimalist Program (1993, 1995). Those early versions of minimalism are particularly focused on since they represent the original essence of this linguistic project. Reading the relevant minimalist literature, the researcher has found out that two metaphors dominate the minimalist thinking about language: LANGUAGE IS A MACHINE, and LANGUAGE IS AN ECONOMIC ENTITY. The latter metaphor subsumes two subsidiary metaphors: LANGUAGE IS AN ECONOMIC SYSTEM, and LANGUAGE IS AN ECONOMIC STRUCTURE. The present paper discusses the structure of the relevant metaphors and the implications of the conceptual-metaphoric reading.

AN ECONOMIC STUDY FOR THE EFFECT OF EXPANDING WHEAT AREA ON THE ACCOUNT OF BERSEEM AREA دراسة اقتصادیة لأثر التوسع فى مساحة القمح على حساب مساحة البرسیم

AN ECONOMIC STUDY FOR THE EFFECT OF EXPANDING WHEAT AREA ON THE ACCOUNT OF BERSEEM AREA دراسة اقتصادیة لأثر التوسع فى مساحة القمح على حساب مساحة البرسیم

The Success of Motion Pictures

THE SUCCESS OF MOTION PICTURES – AN ECONOMIC GAMBLE: SELECTED MOVIE EXPLOITATION PHENOMENA More than 5,000 marketable movies are produced worldwide every year - a risky economic gamble running into billions. Despite the potential risk of commercial failure, film producers still try to achieve outstanding box-office results. There are also special movies that are able to preserve or even increase their intrinsic value due to the longevity of their commercial success. This article focuses on distinctive movie exploitation phenomena, which can be observed worldwide. These phenomena show the unpredictability of film success due to the fact that the cycles, the duration, and the progress of film exploitation are unforeseeable. MythSuccess is the big myth of the international film industry: on the one hand enormous profits, glamour, film stars, red carpet shows at Cannes, Berlin, and Venice - the big film festivals. And as climax - the Oscars in...

Water Markets from an Economic Point of View

Recent droughts and the increase in food prices they trigger underscore that freshwater scarcity is bound to be a major challenge of the 21st century. Increased water demand due to population growth and rising living standards (with changing diets and lifestyles) strains available water resources. In spite of reports about an imminent water crisis, the world is not running out of water. Water is a renewable global resource of which there is more than enough. The major concern is that water is very unevenly distributed across and within countries. Water scarcity is thus primarily a local phenomenon, and fears mount that climate change might worsen an already bad situation in water-scarce areas. Excerpt UVA-GEM-0110 Rev. Dec. 13, 2012 WATER MARKETS FROM AN ECONOMIC POINT OF VIEW Recent droughts and the increase in food prices they trigger underscore that freshwater scarcity is bound to be a major challenge of the 21st century. Increased water demand due to population growth and rising living standards (with changing diets and lifestyles) strains available water resources. In spite of reports about an imminent water crisis, the world is not running out of water. Water is a renewable global resource of which there is more than enough. The major concern is that water is very unevenly distributed across and within countries. Water scarcity is thus primarily a local phenomenon, and fears mount that climate change might worsen an already bad situation in water-scarce areas. In this context, calls for better water management are heard. Water management used to be a matter of engineering and the supply side, especially associated with the construction of dams, canals, and so on. In recent years, there has been a shift toward economics and demand management. In this context, water markets are often featured as a tool to allocate water efficiently. There are water markets in Australia, some western U.S. states, Columbia, Chile, and South Africa. Markets are such an integral part of our lives that we seldom think about how they function. They are popular among economists because well-functioning markets are efficient and maximize overall economic welfare. Markets are ideal, decentralized tools to allocate resources particularly when they involve many people whose preferences are impossible to keep track of. Figure 1 displays the main withdrawers of water in the United States. However popular markets are, they are not a panacea. They do not necessarily work well under all circumstances. Well-functioning water markets presuppose a complex set of regulations and institutions. . . .

PMD49 The Potential Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Axillary Node Assessment of Early Breast Cancer: An Economic Evaluation

THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) IN AXILLARY NODE ASSESSMENT OF EARLY BREAST CANCER: AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION Meng Y1, Ward SE1, Cooper K1, Harnan SE1, Wyld L2 1University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK, 2Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK OBJECTIVES: Surgical techniques including sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and 4-node sampling (4-NS) are currently used for axillary nodal assessment of early breast cancer (EBC) in the UK. Such procedures are associated with adverse effects, (AEs), in particular scarring, pain, general anaesthesia and occasional lymphoedema which may impact on long term quality of life. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique offering the potential to avoid such AEs. A range of MRI techniques, including USPIO (ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent)-enhanced and gadolinium-enhanced MRI exist, however diagnostic accuracy of these techniques may be lower than for surgical techniques. An economic evaluation was undertaken to compare MRI with surgical techniques for assessment of axillary lymph node metastases in patients with EBC. METHODS: The costs and benefits of replacing SLNB or 4-NS with MRI (replacement strategy) or adding MRI before the surgical techniques (addition strategy) were modelled using discrete-event simulation in SIMUL8®. A systematic review was undertaken to obtain effectiveness outcomes of the MRI techniques, whilst resource use data and health related utilities were obtained from the literature. RESULTS: Our results predict that a replacement strategy for MRI, based on the pooled estimate of all MRI techniques, dominates the baseline SLNB and 4-NS strategies, as a result of avoiding AEs from surgical techniques. However this strategy leads to more false-positive and false-negative cases. The MRI addition strategy may also be cost-effective, but is subject to greater uncertainty. USPIO-enhanced MRI produces the most favourable cost effectiveness ratio, but the evidence is based on studies with small patient numbers. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is a potential role for MRI in axillary node assessment of EBC. Based on current evidence USPIOenhanced MRI offers the most cost effective option, but further large studies are required to obtain high quality evidence on diagnostic accuracy.

AN ECONOMIC STUDY FOR SUPPLY RESPONSE OF WHEAT CROP IN A.R.E .AT (1994 – 2009)

AN ECONOMIC STUDY FOR SUPPLY RESPONSE OF WHEAT CROP IN A.R.E .AT (1994 – 2009)

AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF SHEEP AND GOATS PRODUCTION IN EGYPT

AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF SHEEP AND GOATS PRODUCTION IN EGYPT

IMPACT OF AN ECONOMIC CRISIS Evidence from Turkey

This paper evaluates the impact of the 2001 economic crisis on the tourism industry in Turkey. The research findings reveal that neither the government nor private organizations had any plans for dealing with the crisis before or after the event. It had both negative and positive impacts although its benefits were often overlooked. The overall implication of the study is that national culture, the level of economic development of a country, the availability of financial resources, and the ability and knowledge of its government officials and managers of private firms have a direct impact on how such an event is responded to and managed.

PCV67 AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF ALTEPLASE, RETEPLASE AND TENECTEPLASE IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE MI IN GREECE

PCV67 AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF ALTEPLASE, RETEPLASE AND TENECTEPLASE IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE MI IN GREECE

Liability for Pure Financial Loss in Europe: An Economic Restatement

consist of a combination of damage remedies paid to the victims and financial subsidies paid to the tortfeasor. For obvious pragmatic reasons, we rarely observe such combined operation of the liability system in the real world. Beyond the irony of such theoretical considerations lies an important lesson. The core notion that seems to necessitate the theoretical contradictions of the economic loss rule is the idea that the optimal scope of liability is determined by the impact of alternative liability rules on the total social cost of accidents. Activities that occasion a mere reallocation of costs and benefits, with no incremental social cost, cannot as such be considered socially harmful. If no other considerations of the parties' reliance and distributive justice enter into the policy considerations, the imposition of fult liability would be unwarranted. If an individual occasions an unjustified transfer of wealth from one party to another and is made liable for the loss suffered by one victim, he should, by the same logic, be allowed to recover the value of the benefit from other third parties who received an unexpected benefit from his action. In case of wrongful behavior which occasions a zero sum transfer of wealth, the amount of net liability imposed on the tortfeasor should also equal zero, given the offsetting effects of positive and negative liabilities when balancing harm to victims with potential benefits to unsuspecting third parties. The important point here is to recognize that, according to several competing conceptions of justice , a zeIo net liability rule for the alleged tortfeasor does not necessarily justify a rule excluding liability altogether, denying compensation for those who suffered a private loss. Here lies one important element that drives the intellectual and dogmatic tension behind the economic loss rule. In the following section, we shall evaluate some elements of the traditional debate within the normative framework of law and economics. 3.3 In Search of Comparable Categories From an economic perspective, the legal notion of pure economic loss is quite unfit to serve as a normative criterion of adjudication. As suggested above, the legal notion of economic loss is, in fact, a very imperfect proxy for the economic category of socially relevant cost, which ideally should guide the optimal design of liabitity rules. The understanding of the relevant economic categories may in this context serve two valuable purposes: (a) as a positive criterion, to understand the many facets of the economic loss rule and to reconcile some of the apparent contradictions in the judicial implementation of such rule; and (b) as a normative criterion, to guide lawmakers and courts in the design and implementation of liability rules dealing with pure economic loss. This conten tdownloaded on Tue, I8 Dec 2012 I2 :56 :14 I r l l A l l use sub jec t o . lSTOi l I c r i i r . l l i i Ccn i l i l r i r l s 20031 AN ECONOMIC RESTATEMENT 135 Contrary to the conclusions reached by several legal commentators on this issue,so we suggest that the emergence and diffusion of the economic loss rule is more than a mere historical accident. We suggest that such exclusion of liability is in many instances appropriate and that several of the factual situations governed by the economic loss rule are correctly adjudicated. An economic analysis also reconciles some of the apparent contradictions of the judicial applications of the economic loss rule in the various legal systems considered

Quixotic Materialism: An Economic Reprocessing of Cervantes's Imagined Worlds: A Review Article

QUIXOTIC MATERIALISM: AN ECONOMIC REPROCESSING OF CERVANTES'S IMAGINED WORLDS (A REVIEW ARTICLE)In the seven essays included in Cervantes and the Material World (Urbana: University of Illinois Press), Carroll B. Johnson explores the relations between Cervantes's writings and the historical conditions that account for their creation and find representation, directly or obliquely, in their specific fictional forms. He proposes, for example, that Rinconete y Cortadillo's comic underworld of criminals, stylized violence, and bizarre ceremonies and initiations should be seen as representing critically the corrupt practices in the commercial monopoly exercised by Sevilla in Spain's thriving overseas trade network. A key to the establishment of this link lies in the various suggestions that Johnson finds in the name of the ringleader of the thieves, Monipodio, who might in fact represent major profiteer in the system, the Duke of Medina Sidonia. Turning to the Quixote, Johnson reminds us that the character Ricote, his professional success as shopkeeper, his accumulated wealth, his emigration, his pessimistic attitudes toward racially mixed marriages, and his efforts at smuggling are all parts in an accurate representation of the real experience of the contemporary moriscos; that the character's name itself-evoking, on the one hand, the Valle de Ricote, region known for its industrious moriscos and their expulsion, on the other hand, vast accumulations of wealth-points directly to two of the fundamental issues of the controversies that preceded the exile of the unfortunate minority-labor and hoarding; and that Augsburg, the site of Ricotes's respite in his wanderings through Germany, was historical center of international banking, and as such provides crucial allusion to the two themes informing the whole narrative, and religion. When Johnson goes beyond such straightforward matters of loose documentation to more comprehensive interpretations of specific literary worlds, his arguments can become quite elusive and his conclusions more difficult to accept. As paradigmatic figure, Ricote expands enormously. Through him is enacted in miniature and at the personal level, the classic trajectory of Spanish capital in the sixteenth century: from the mines of America, through Spain, to the waiting coffers of foreign bankers. The obscurity thickens in contorted and elliptical argument to show that the prognosis for the married life of his beautiful daughter, Ana Felix, and the dashing youth, Don Gregorio, an old Christian who shares her ordeals in the treacherous world of Algiers, is not good. A cryptic pronouncement crowns the complexities of the interpretation, but it does little to bring clarity: Johnson claims that, in concluding with conflict between ideology and business (he describes the facilitator of the deliverance of Ricote's family, Don Antonio Moreno, as a prototypical Catalan businessman) rather than between ideology and young love, the story validates the currently discredited relationship between base and superstructure so central to classical Marxist analysis, and that, by pointing this out, he himself risks falling out of favor with the guardians of the Reagan-Bush-Clinton new world order. Whoever the latter might be, one surely hopes that they have other more important things on which to focus their worries and favors. Such relevant asides are frequent and create distracting counterpoint of political opinion running through the book. While vigorously calling for an historicizing rather than timeless or universalist approach to Cervantes's fiction, Johnson can be anything but rigorous when interpreting Cervantes's world through identifications with contemporary history (the analogies with our own situation are so precise and so compelling on so many occasions- juros and tax-free munis, for example-that they cry out to be made explicit [p. 200].) We are told that the argument of Don Quixote, Juan Haldudo, and the unfortunate Andres is the first labor-management debate in history, that the economically debilitating censeo is comparable to the funny money of the Reagan period in American economic history, that the economic collapse of Spain in the 1590's resembles that of America in the 1990's, and that governor Sancho's efforts to deal with the poverty of Barataria are superior in their humanitarianism and lack of phoniness to what we now call welfare 'reform' and surround with rhetoric of morality and family values in late-twentiethcentury America. …

Monastery or Economic Enterprise: Opposing or Complementary Metaphors of Higher Education?

Two opposing metaphors of higher education are identified and discussed. The first, "KNOWLEDGE IS AN ECONOMIC GOOD" and "ACADEMIC ACTIVITY IS ECONOMIC PRODUCTION," appeals to business leaders, politicians, and career-minded students. The second, "UNIVERSITY AS MONASTIC COMMUNITY," related to the "UNIVERSITY AS COMMUNITY" metaphor discussed by Batstone (2000), can be identified with the medieval origins of the university and appeals to tradition-minded academicians, especially in the humanities and social sciences. Drawing on Vervaeke and Kennedy's (1996) critique of the concept of unique implicit metaphors, I argue that each metaphor illuminates unique aspects of the target concept: higher education. In the case of contradictory metaphors for a complex concept such as higher education, I argue that the solution is neither to reject one root metaphor in favor of the other nor to attempt some form of synthesis but to regard each as a limited and partial expression of the concept in its entirety.

DESIGN OF AN ECONOMIC INDICATOR CALIBRATED IN SI UNITS

International Journal of Theoretical and Applied FinanceVol. 03, No. 03, pp. 607-608 (2000) No AccessDESIGN OF AN ECONOMIC INDICATOR CALIBRATED IN SI UNITSIAN McFARLANEIAN McFARLANEBicLab Ltd., 107 Holtspur Top Lane, Beaconsfield, Bucks HP9 1DT, UKhttps://doi.org/10.1142/S0219024900000759Cited by:3 Previous AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Remember to check out the Most Cited Articles! Be inspired by these new titles With a wide range of areas, you're bound to find something you like. FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By 3The Influence of interesting economic indicators on the Trad balance of tangible good in Korea Shin Hyun Dai1 Jun 2013 | The Journal of International Trade & Commerce, Vol. 9, No. 3Relevance of Between Stability on financial structure and Trade balance on tangible goods Shin Hyun Dai1 Sep 2011 | The Journal of International Trade & Commerce, Vol. 7, No. 3The Influence of major economic and trade indicators on the balance of investment by Korea Shin Hyun Dai and Kim Hee-Cheul1 Dec 2010 | The Journal of International Trade & Commerce, Vol. 6, No. 4 Recommended Vol. 03, No. 03 Metrics History PDF download

Paul Workman's Paris

FOR ALL THE TALK OF AN ECONOMIC 'BIG BANG,' the old world pulled off its historic switch to a new currency with little pain or mass confusion; then again European leaders deliberately spread the transition over three years to reduce frustration and anxiety among their 290 million citizens. Probably a good thing, certainly in France where politicians are always acutely sensitive to their nation's revolutionary history. For now, the euro is more like virtual money; you can write a cheque or use your credit card in euros, but coins and banknotes won't be in full circulation until January, 2002. In other words you can spend it, but you can't fold it; you can use it, but you can't lose it. Brilliant.Officially the euro is now worth 6.55957 French francs, and for the next two years stores and banks will accept both, which means double-function cash registers and double-function bank machines and doubly perplexed consumers. It's all a bit much for the older generation, which has never fully come to terms with the postwar conversion from old francs to new and now faces the burden of yet another exchange rate, to the fifth decimal point no less. To help overcome the trauma, banks and businesses have been generously handing out millions of pocket-size calculettes, hoping a largely apathetic public will at least start thinking in euros, if not spending them. The new euro bills, when they do finally appear, will feature pretty pictures of bridges, about the only image politically banal enough to be acceptable to all eleven countries. A lot of critics wonder how the same eleven, rich and poor, left and right, weak and strong, will ever be satisfied with a single, one-for-all and all-for-one monetary policy. Germany and Portugal and Ireland don't have a lot in common, except that they all now officially belong to Euroland (or is it Eurolande?)And in French cultural and literary circles, that seems to be the most pressing issue confronting monetary union: to 'e' or not to 'e'; in other words, what to call this grand new monetary zone without adding more English to the language, thereby losing more ground to the Anglo-Saxons. For purists, 'Euroland' is far too much like Disneyland for a country that already suffers the indignity of 'le weekened,' 'le jogging,' and 'le parking.' They don't particularly like 'Eurolande' either, largely because lande in French means heath or moor, and that hardly seems appropriate. Even the country's major newspapers couldn't agree on this vital question of national interest. The morning tabloid, Liberation, decreed that it would use 'lande,' in the same way Ireland in English becomes Irlande in French, while the dignified Le Monde shocked the country - slightly anyway - by announcing that it would defy custom and go with 'land.' That was blasphemy of course to Herve Lavenir de Buffon, head of the International Committee for French as a European Language, who, with pompous outrage, slandered 'Euroland' as 'cheap Americanization and treason.' In the end, the Academie Francaise, the ultimate authority on language, ruled that neither was appropriate and that the country should simply use 'zone euro.' But, as usual, such rulings are more a matter of principle than influence and will almost certainly be ignored.At least France is in a good mood now, apparently having shrugged off the grey sense of doom and moroseness that characterized life over the last few years. While the rest of the world was fretting about global economic meltdown, the French showed uncharacteristic optimism. Perhaps it was winning the World Cup, or going a full year without another crippling series of airline, railroad, and truckers' strikes. Or, better still, watching with amusement and disbelief as the Americans mired themselves in their B-grade sexual soap opera. (A reason to feel even a small sense of superiority over the Americans is always uplifting here.) The French are particularly indignant at the spectacle of sin and redemption in Washington, not shocked that Bill Clinton had an affair with his young intern, but that he's being condemned, vilified, over something as innocent and harmless as sex. …

CIGARETTE TAXES TO FUND HEALTH CARE REFORM

Previous articleNext article No AccessCIGARETTE TAXES TO FUND HEALTH CARE REFORMJANE GRAVELLE and DENNIS ZIMMERMANJANE GRAVELLE Search for more articles by this author and DENNIS ZIMMERMAN Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by National Tax Journal Volume 47, Number 3September 1994Tax Policy and the Social Agenda Published for: The National Tax Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/NTJ41789093 Views: 21Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref This article is in the public domain.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Joel Slemrod Group Equity and Implicit Discrimination in Tax Systems, National Tax Journal 75, no.11 (Jan 2022): 201–224.https://doi.org/10.1086/717960JANE G. GRAVELLE BURNING ISSUES IN THE TOBACCO SETTLEMENT PAYMENTS: AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE, National Tax Journal 51, no.33 (Mar 2021): 437–451.https://doi.org/10.1086/NTJ41789342

Marriage and Opportunism

SPOUSE abuse is no longer a secret. It has become a thorn in America's conscience. Abuse even warranted a lengthy Supreme Court discussion in an opinion on abortion.2 It is certainly worth thinking about whether anything systemic caused the apparent outbreak of violence in the home. If there is a legal "fix" that would remove incentives to abuse, and therefore reduce the incidence of abuse at the margin, we should know about it.