Amplitude Of Component Research Articles

Real-Time Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges Using Convolutional Neural Network-Based Loss Factor Analysis for Enhanced Energy Dissipation Detection

This study introduces a novel method for real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that leverages loss factor analysis. As bridge structures deteriorate over time, often accelerated by operational loads, maintaining structural integrity and safety becomes critical. The proposed approach utilizes the concept of a loss factor, which represents the process of energy dissipation across different vibration states, as a key indicator of structural health. This factor is computed from vibration energy spectra, which include amplitude and frequency components, processed through the CNN model for high sensitivity to structural changes. The results demonstrate that the energy dissipation of the bridge during operation can be categorized into signals from three distinct sources: structural responses, defects-related indicators, and noise interference. By monitoring variations in the loss factor over time, the model effectively identifies early signs of structural deterioration, which is critical for timely maintenance interventions. The study also highlights the adaptability to different load conditions and environmental factors, ensuring robust performance in various operational scenarios. The findings underscore the potential of the CNN model to transform SHM practices by enhancing early defect detection, supporting preventive maintenance, and ultimately extending the lifespan of bridge infrastructure.

Abstract 4145890: P-Wave Parameters on 12-Lead Electrocardiogram after Catheter Ablation: A Comparison between Pulsed Field Ablation and Cryoablation

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) is a well-established treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The most popular current methods of CA include radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation (CRYO) which are thermal methods of ablation known to affect the autonomic nervous system through ablation of cardiac ganglionated plexi (GP). Pulsed[SC1] -field ablation (PFA) is a newer method of CA with demonstrated efficacy that preferentially affects cardiac cells and spares surrounding structures such as GP through irreversible electroporation which does not lead to chronic fibrosis like RFA or CRYO. Elevations in the marker the marker P terminal force (PTF) have been associated with AF/stroke and have been known to correlate with atrial fibrosis, and higher PTF after cryoablation for patients with paroxysmal AF has been associated with an increased risk of recurrence. The differences in P-wave parameters pre and post PFA have not been studied. Objective: To investigate the differences in P-wave parameters after PFA and compare them to CRYO. Methods: We identified 40 patients who underwent PFA (20 patients) or CRYO (20 patients) for paroxysmal AF and compared P-wave parameters including duration and amplitude in leads aVF, V1 and the PTF calculated as the duration x amplitude of the terminal negative component of the P-wave in V1. Data were obtained from 12-lead electrocardiograms obtained pre and post ablation. Results: The mean age of patients in our study was 61 with 75% male and 33% on antiarrythmics. We noticed a significant reduction in PTF for patients who underwent CRYO (54 mVmS at baseline compared to 36.8 mVmS after CRYO, p = 0.04) and no significant reduction in PTF for patients who underwent PFA (46 mVmS at baseline compared to 38 mVmS after PFA, p = 0.27). There was also a significant increase in HR after CRYO (65 bpm at baseline compared to 78 bpm after CRYO, p=0.01) and no significant change in HR after PFA (61 bpm at baseline compared with 60 bpm after PFA, p=0.8). There was no statistical difference in both groups looking at aVF or total V1 duration or amplitude pre and post ablation. Conclusions: CRYO leads to a significant change in PTF after ablation while PFA does not, consistent with the notion that PFA does not lead to fibrosis and PTF is not a useful marker for measuring risk of recurrence of AF post PFA.

Right is it right? Influence of the type of motor response on behavioral and electrophysiological indicators during the orthographic decision task

The role of the sensorimotor component in the processing of verbal information is currently widely discussed. We hypothesize that the type of motor response may influence behavioral and electrophysiological performance in an orthographic decision task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 42 right-handers during an orthographic decision task. Half of the participants were instructed to press the right button with their right hand upon encountering correctly spelled words and the left button with their left hand upon encountering misspelled words, while the other half followed the opposite instruction. The motor response to correctly spelled words was shorter for the dominant hand compared to the non-dominant hand, which may be due to the coincidence of semantic and motor representations (stimulus-response compatibility effect). In addition, reaction times to incorrectly spelled words were longer than to correctly spelled words only in the group of participants who responded with their dominant hand to correctly spelled words. The P200 and N400 ERP components did not depend on the type of motor response. However, in the group of participants who pressed correctly spelled words with their right hand, the amplitude of the P600 component was greater for misspelled words compared to correctly spelled words. Thus, the type of motor response influenced the effects associated with word spelling recognition.

Reading Prosody: A Listening Guide for Teachers

AbstractProsody is an important indicator of reading development, but many teachers are unclear about how it can help students improve their reading fluency. Beyond demonstrating expressive or flowing reading, specific components of reading prosody can distinctly reveal how well word recognition and comprehension processes coalesce, providing teachers with useful information for their instruction. In this article, we review the research on reading prosody to clarify how differences in intonation, amplitude, and timing components distinguish struggling and strong readers. In addition, we discuss reading prosody considerations for classroom assessment and intervention by sharing insights drawn from educators trained to evaluate it systematically. We aim to clarify how teachers can use these reading prosody components to enhance classroom reading fluency practices.

Auditory N1 event-related potential amplitude is predictive of serum concentration of BPN14770 in fragile X syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a CGG repeat expansion ≥ 200 repeats in 5’ untranslated region of the FMR1 gene, leading to intellectual disability and cognitive difficulties, including in the domain of communication. A recent phase 2a clinical trial testing BPN14770, a phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitor, showed improved cognition in 30 adult males with FXS on drug relative to placebo. The initial study found significant improvements in clinical measures assessing cognition, language, and daily functioning in addition to marginal improvements in electroencephalography (EEG) results for the amplitude of the N1 event-related potential (ERP) component. These EEG results suggest BPN14770 improved neural hyperexcitability in FXS. The current study investigated the relationship between BPN14770 pharmacokinetics and the amplitude of the N1 ERP component from the initial data. Consistent with the original group-level finding post-period 1 of the study, participants who received BPN14770 in period 1 showed a significant correlation between N1 amplitude and serum concentration of BPN14770 measured at the end of period 1. These findings strengthen the validity of the original result, indicating that BPN14770 improves cognitive performance by modulating neural hyperexcitability. This study represents the first report of a significant correlation between a reliably abnormal EEG marker and serum concentration of a novel pharmaceutical in FXS.

Permanent deformation and particle crushability of calcareous sands under cyclic traffic-induced loadings through simple shear apparatus

This study focuses on investigating permanent deformations, encompassing normal and shear strains, of calcareous sandy soils subjected to drained cyclic traffic-induced loadings. The investigation utilizes a Simple Shear (SS) apparatus allowing for variations in both normal and shear stress components over each cycle and incorporates Principal Stress Rotation (PSR), a feature not replicable in conventional cyclic uniaxial triaxial tests which is the key aspect of this research. The study also accounts for the harmonically changing the effective horizontal stress resulting from cyclic variations of effective vertical stress, conducted under a horizontally constrained boundary condition with zero lateral strain. A series of drained cyclic simple shear experiments is carried out, implementing a heart-shaped stress path, encompassing up to 1000 cycles. The objective of the study is to analyze permanent normal and shear deformations, along with associated total particle crushing, using both sieving analyses and 2D image processing of particles. The study also evaluates the impact of an initial static shear stress originating from the longitudinal slope of roads. The findings highlight the influences of induced cyclic amplitudes of stress components, principal stress and strain rate rotation, and initial static shear stress on the development of permanent strains. Furthermore, the research characterizes particle crushability in terms of total crushability over such loading, examining its dependency on relative density and variations in both shear and normal stress components.

Long-Term Alterations in Pulmonary V˙O2 and Muscle Deoxygenation On-Kinetics During Heavy-Intensity Exercise in Competitive Youth Cyclists: A Cohort Study.

The aim of this investigation was to assess alterations of pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) and muscle deoxygenation on-kinetics during heavy-intensity cycling in youth cyclists over a period of 15months. Eleven cyclists (initial age, 14.3 [1.6]y; peak V˙O2, 62.2 [4.5]mL·min-1·kg-1) visited the laboratory twice on 3 occasions within 15months. Participants performed an incremental ramp exercise test and a constant workrate test within the heavy-intensity domain during the first visitand second visit, respectively. Subsequently, parameter estimates of the V˙O2 and muscle deoxygenation on-kinetics were determined with mono-exponential models. The V˙O2 phase II time constant decreased from occasion 1 (34 [4]s) to occasion 2 (30 [4]s, P = .005) and 3 (28 [4]s, P = .010). However, no significant alteration was observed between occasions 2 and 3 (P = .565). The V˙O2 slow component amplitude either expressed in absolute values (ie,L·min-1) or relative to end exercise V˙O2 (ie,%) showed no significant changes throughout the study (P = .972 and .996). Furthermore, the muscle deoxygenation on-kinetic mean response time showed no significant changes throughout the study (18 [8], 18 [3], and 16 [5]s for occasions 1, 2, and 3, respectively; P = .279). These results indicate proportional enhancements of local muscle oxygen distribution and utilization, which both contributed to the speeding of the V˙O2 on-kinetics herein.

The Large-scale Anisotropy and Flux (de)magnification of Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays in the Galactic Magnetic Field

We calculate the arrival direction distribution of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with a new suite of models of the Galactic magnetic field (GMF), assuming sources follow the large-scale structure of the Universe. Compared to previous GMF models, the amplitude of the dipole component of the UHECR arrival flux is significantly reduced. We find that the reduction is due to the accidentally coinciding position of the peak of the extragalactic UHECR flux and the boundary of strong flux demagnification due to the GMF toward the central region of the Galaxy. This serendipitous sensitivity of UHECR anisotropies to the GMF model will be a powerful probe of the source distribution as well as Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. Demagnification by the GMF also impacts the visibility of some popular source candidates.

FFS-Net: Fourier-based segmentation of colon cancer glands using frequency and spatial edge interaction

The morphological features of glands provide a reliable basis for pathologists to diagnose colon cancer correctly. Currently, most methods are limited in their ability to address blurred edges, adhesions, and morphological differences in glands when working in the spatial domain. In this study, a new perspective is proposed to segment glands by utilizing the interaction between Fourier and spatial domain features. Specifically, a Fourier transform is used to analyze the frequency characteristics of pathological images in which the phase component is related to image structural information and the amplitude component contains image intensity information. A Fourier-based colon cancer gland segmentation network (FFS-Net) is proposed, which gradually constructs feature representations in both the spatial and frequency domains through spatial frequency edge interactions. This network comprises spatial subnetworks, frequency subnetworks, and an edge phase fusion module (EPFM). To alleviate the interference of complex background information in feature discrimination, the spatial subnetwork collects high-frequency contour information regarding the glands. Then, the EPFM completes the spatial-frequency feature interaction to add edge-related constraints to the extracted features, enhance edge representation, and obtain global features from the frequency domain, thereby, addressing significant differences in gland morphology. Finally, learnable Gabor filters are introduced to enhance edge texture detail information in the frequency subnetwork, which further improves the segmentation of glands exhibiting blurred edges. The experimental results demonstrate that FFS-Net’s performance on two representative datasets was competitive and highly interpretable.

Posterior short ciliary arteries ischemia following embolization of anterior ethmoid artery to treat dural arteriovenous fistulas: a case report

BackgroundThe Onyx™ Liquid Embolic System is a non-adhesive liquid embolic agent, which has been proved by the US FDA for embolization of lesions in the peripheral and neurovasculature since 2005. We reported a case of ischemic optic neuropathy after using Onyx-18 to embolize the anterior ethmoid arteries that feeding dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF).Case presentationA 57-year-old Asian male presented with anterior cranial fossa DAVF underwent embolotherapy by delivering Onyx-18 through a microcatheter into the anterior ethmoid arteries under angiography guidance. The interventional procedure was successful and no clear evidence was found pointing to untargeted occlusive embolus. But after the surgery the patient experienced delayed painless vision loss in the right eye (RE). The fundoscopy showed unilateral papilledema with pale optic disc in RE, accompanied by significant edema and thickening in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) of macula. The fundus fluorescence angiography showed that most of the optic disc in RE had postponed or absent fluorescence filling. Visual evoked potential (VEP) confirmed that the amplitude of the P100 component was decreased in RE without significant prolongation of the latency. The patient was diagnosed with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, but immediate pulse steroid therapy failed to rescue his vision.ConclusionPreoperative evaluation of the patient’s hemodynamic status and fundus examination are essential for assessing the risk of ischemic ocular complications, and the non-adhesive liquid embolic agent Onyx-18 should be used cautiously during endovascular embolization of intracranial artery.

Bringing patients out of the gloom: Examining the effects of patient power and affect labeling on emotional experience reflected in emotional judgement

ObjectiveNegative emotions are common among patients in medical settings. It is important to investigate impacts of patient power and affect labeling on emotional experience in patients. MethodsBehavioral judgments and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants with high or low patient power made emotional judgments (positive, negative) about neutral faces, as well as investigating how affect labeling (affect labeling, viewing) influenced emotional judgments about neutral faces in participants with low patient power. ResultsIndividuals with low patient power made more and faster negative emotion judgements. A larger late positive component (LPC) amplitude was found in negative emotion judgments for individuals with low patient power, a component related to allocation of attentional resources to motivationally salient stimuli. Affect labeling elicited less and slower negative emotion judgments in individuals with low patient power. ConclusionsThese results suggest that low patient power triggers negative emotion, which can be reduced by affect labeling. Practice implicationsThe current findings provide valuable insights into reducing negative emotions in patients, fostering promising targets for training for medical professionals and education for patients aiming to ensure more humanistic and higher-quality care delivery.

Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on SSA-IWT-EMD

Aiming at the problem of insufficient wavelet threshold noise reduction and unclear extraction of characteristic frequency of EMD decomposition, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on SSA-IWT-EMD is proposed. Two adjustment factors are introduced to propose an improved threshold function (IWT), which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional soft and hard thresholds, and the sparrow search optimization algorithm (SSA) is used to globally optimize its parameters to achieve rolling bearing signal noise reduction. A comprehensive index P is proposed to select and reconstruct the components generated by empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to highlight the fault characteristic information of the signal. Envelope spectrum analysis is used to realize bearing fault diagnosis. Simulation and measurement results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method; at the same time, compared with the method of selecting components with a single index and the literature method, it is shown that the comprehensive index P and the proposed method have stronger noise reduction and feature extraction capabilities, and the envelope spectrum amplitude and frequency doubling components are more obvious, which can better realize the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.

SFDiff: Diffusion model with sufficient spatial‐Fourier frequency information interaction for low‐light image enhancement

AbstractDiffusion models are increasingly applied in low‐light image enhancement tasks due to their exceptional capability to model data distributions, but most current methods focus only on the original pixel space and neglect the potential of Fourier frequency information. In this article, SFDiff is proposed, a novel low‐light image enhancement method that integrates Fourier frequency information into the diffusion process. Specifically, Fourier transforms are applied at both the image and feature levels to separately enhance the amplitude and phase components, which restores global illumination degradation and positional information. Then a Spatial‐Frequency Fusion (SFF) block is used to fully integrate and interact with the information across spatial and frequency domains. Since illumination degradation is primarily manifested in the amplitude component, a loss function based on maximum likelihood learning is employed to constrain the amplitude component at each step of the sampling process, ensuring that the reverse process maintains an optimal trajectory. Owing to the streamlined network design and the fact that the Fourier transform requires no extra parameters, SFDiff achieves a reduction in parameters of over compared to several state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) diffusion models and delivers high‐quality enhancement results on multiple real‐world datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/MrWan001/SFDiff.

Study of transient pressure and fluctuation characteristics in a centrifugal pump using the delayed detached-eddy simulation method

This study employed OpenFOAM, the delayed detached-eddy simulation (DDES) turbulence model, and structured grids to develop numerical models for three centrifugal pumps with twisted blades. The internal pressure field, velocity field, forces, and fluctuation characteristics of the centrifugal pumps are comprehensively analyzed under various operating conditions. The findings indicate that the pressure is relatively higher in the flow passages near the volute tongue and the outlet within the impeller. Regions of high relative velocity (slip velocity) are mainly found on the suction side of the blades, indicating that the design of the blade suction side affects the fluid outward slip performance. As the flow rate increases, the forces and force fluctuation amplitudes of each pump component also rise. Conversely, as the rotational speed increases, the force on the blades or impeller gradually increases while the fluctuation amplitude decreases. In the stationary domain, the force on the volute gradually decreases while the fluctuation amplitude of this force increases. The shape of the volute tongue influences the rate at which pressure inside the volute is converted to outlet pressure. The power spectral density (PSD) of pressure fluctuations is smallest at the nominal flow rate, displaying a clear and distinct axial frequency pattern without complex low-frequency fluctuations. Under low flow and high-speed conditions, the PSD at the axial frequency is relatively small, whereas the pressure PSD at other low frequencies is relatively large. This indicates instability in the flow under these conditions.

Non-additivity of the functional properties of individual P450 species and its manifestation in the effects of alcohol consumption on the metabolism of ketamine and amitriptyline

To explore functional interconnections between multiple P450 enzymes and their manifestation in alcohol-induced changes in drug metabolism, we implemented a high-throughput study of correlations between the composition of the P450 pool and the substrate saturation profiles (SSP) of amitriptyline and ketamine demethylation in a series of 23 individual human liver microsomes preparations from donors with a known history of alcohol consumption. The SSPs were approximated with linear combinations of three Michaelis-Menten equations with globally optimized KM (substrate affinity) values. This analysis revealed a strong correlation between the rate of ketamine metabolism and alcohol exposure. For both substrates, alcohol consumption caused a significant increase in the role of the low-affinity enzymes. The amplitudes of the kinetic components and the total rate were further analyzed for correlations with the abundance of 11 major P450 enzymes assessed by global proteomics. The maximal rate of metabolism of both substrates correlated with the abundance of CYP3A4, their predicted principal metabolizer. However, except for CYP2D6 and CYP2E1, responsible for the low-affinity metabolism of ketamine and amitriptyline, respectively, none of the other potent metabolizers of the drugs revealed a positive correlation. Instead, in the case of ketamine, we observed negative correlations with the abundances of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP3A5. For amitriptyline, the data suggest inhibitory effects of CYP1A2 and CYP2A6. Our results demonstrate the importance of functional interactions between multiple P450 species and their decisive role in the effects of alcohol exposure on drug metabolism.

Involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated cholinergic neurotransmission in TMS–EEG responses

The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS–EEG) is emerging as a valuable tool for investigating brain functions in health and disease. However, the detailed neural mechanisms underlying TMS–EEG responses, including TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) and TMS-induced EEG oscillations (TIOs), remain largely unknown. Combining TMS–EEG with pharmacological interventions provides a unique opportunity to elucidate the roles of specific receptor-mediated neurotransmissions in these responses. Here, we investigated the involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR)-mediated cholinergic neurotransmission in TMS–EEG responses by evaluating the effects of mAChR antagonists on TEPs and TIOs in twenty-four healthy participants using a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design. TEPs and TIOs were measured before and after administering a single oral dose of scopolamine (a non-selective mAChR antagonist), biperiden (an M1 mAChR antagonist), or placebo, with TMS targeting the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), angular gyrus (AG), and supplementary motor area (SMA). The results indicated that mAChR-mediated cholinergic neurotransmission played a role in TEPs, but not TIOs, in a target-specific manner. Specifically, scopolamine significantly increased the amplitude of a local TEP component between approximately 40 and 63 ms post-stimulus when TMS was applied to the SMA, but not the mPFC or AG. Biperiden produced a similar but less pronounced effect. Importantly, the effects of these mAChR antagonists on TEPs were independent of those on sensory-evoked EEG potentials caused by TMS-associated sensory stimulation. These findings expand our understanding of TMS–EEG physiology, providing insights for its application in physiological and clinical research.

Angular analysis of B→K*e+e− in the low- q2 region with new electron identification at Belle

We perform an angular analysis of the B→K*e+e− decay for the dielectron mass squared, q2, range of 0.0008–1.1200 GeV2/c4 using the full Belle dataset in the K*0→K+π− and K*+→KS0π+ channels, incorporating new methods of electron identification to improve the statistical power of the dataset. This analysis is sensitive to contributions from right-handed currents from physics beyond the Standard Model by constraining the Wilson coefficients C7(′). We perform a fit to the B→K*e+e− differential decay rate and measure the imaginary component of the transversality amplitude to be ATIm=−1.27±0.52±0.12, and the K* transverse asymmetry to be AT(2)=0.52±0.53±0.11, with FL and ATRe fixed to the Standard Model values. The resulting constraints on the value of C7′ are consistent with the Standard Model within a 2σ confidence interval. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

The neural mechanisms of the impact of emoji spatial metaphors on emotional perception

Metaphors play a crucial role in language, thinking, and communication. Emoji, as modern metaphors, carry rich meanings and significantly impact emotional expression. While spatial metaphors in emotional lexicons are confirmed, empirical evidence for spatial metaphors in emoji is scarce, and their neural mechanisms are largely unexplored. This study used a spatial Stroop task to investigate emoji spatial metaphors and their effects on emotional perception and neural mechanisms. The results showed that when the positive emoji were in the upper visual field, compared with the middle and lower visual field, the ability to perceive positive emotions was significantly enhanced; Conversely, when the negative emotion emoji was in the lower visual field, the perception of negative emotion was significantly enhanced compared to the middle visual field. EEG data indicate that inconsistencies between Emoji spatial positions and emotional valence lead to increased amplitudes of the Late Positive Component (LPC), revealing heightened neural activity.

Methodology for Real-Time Torque Estimation in a Ship Propulsion Digital Twin

Abstract The safe operation of ships requires the condition of propulsion components to be maintained. Digital twins are a promising alternative for intelligent monitoring of these complex systems. Digital twins require models which ensure that the digital representation is able to mimic the behavior of the physical system. Alternate modeling solutions must be found when intellectual property restrictions or lack of available information limit the usability of physics-based models. This paper considers such a case where a system model of the propulsion system requires a real-time capable model of the propeller hydrodynamic torque. The creation of a data-driven hydrodynamic torque model based on full-scale, operational measurements is discussed. The described method focuses on the significant challenges associated with data cleaning and preparation while also evaluating whether well-known machine learning methods are suited for this application. The methods use speed-over-ground, heading, course, rotational speed, and propeller pitch as inputs. The outputs of the models are the single quadrant propeller torque coefficient and the amplitude of harmonic torsional excitation. These outputs are then combined to create a holistic prediction of the torque. Results indicate that both a polynomial least-squares fit and a shallow neural network predict the mean and the amplitude of harmonic components of the torque well. This prediction can be used to isolate the hydrodynamic torque when more than one torque source is present or to simulate what-if scenarios in a digital twin environment.

Ventilatory and Perceived Ergogenic Effects of Mandibular Forward Repositioning During Running at Maximal Oxygen Uptake Intensity.

Cardoso, F, Costa, MJ, Colaço, P, Vilas-Boas, JP, Pinho, JC, Pyne, DB, and Fernandes, RJ. Ventilatory and perceived ergogenic effects of mandibular forward repositioning during running at maximal oxygen uptake intensity. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-Wearing an intraoral dental splint may enhance ventilatory function and exercise performance. Nineteen runners performed on a 400-m outdoor track: (a) an incremental protocol to assess the velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (vV̇ o2 max) and (b) 2 square wave bouts wearing 2 intraoral splints (with and without mandibular forward repositioning). The time until exhaustion at vV̇ o2 max (TLimv V̇ o2 max), ventilatory variables, oxygen uptake (V̇ o2 ) kinetics, energetic profiling, perceived exertion and kinematics, were all measured. Ventilatory data were assessed breath-by-breath and perceived exertion evaluated using the Borg 6-20-point scale at the end of TLimv V̇ o2 max bouts. Images were recorded by video cameras (120 Hz) and kinematic measures retrieved using Kinovea. A paired t test was computed for comparison of splints ( p ≤ 0.05). With (vs. without) mandibular forward repositioning, runners increased their TLimv V̇ o2 max by ∼6% ( p = 0.03), coupled with higher ventilation (151 ± 22 vs. 147 ± 23 L·min -1 , p = 0.04), end-tidal oxygen tension (114.3 ± 3.7 vs. 112.9 ± 3.9 mm Hg, p = 0.003), and lower inspiratory time (0.526 ± 0.083 vs. 0.540 ± 0.090 seconds, p = 0.02), despite similar V̇ o2 kinetics (e.g., 49.0 ± 8.7 vs. 47.7 ± 8.6 ml∙kg∙min -1 of fast component amplitude) being observed. The energy expenditure was ∼8% higher ( p = 0.03) with the mandible forward, coupled with lower perceived exertion scores ( p = 0.04). Mandibular forward repositioning was effective in acutely improving running performance at vV̇ o2 max with ergogenic effects on ventilatory and perceived variables.